BS 3416 bitumen based coating.pdf

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i i c c e e

n n s s e e d d C C o o p p y y : : l l b b o o c c v v z z r r l l b b o o c c v v z z r r , , U U n n i i v v e e

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BRITISH STANDARD

BS 3416:1991

Reprinted, Reprinted, incorporating incorporating Amendment No. 1 Amendment No. 1

Specification for

Bitumen-based

coatings for cold

application, suitable

for use in contact with

potable water

C C o o p p y y : : l l b b o o c c v v z z r r l l b b o o c c v v z z r r , , U U n n i i v v e e

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This British Standard, having This British Standard, having been prepared under the been prepared under the direction of the Pigments, direction of the Pigments, Paints

Paints and Varnand Varnishesishes Standa

Standardsrds Policy CommitteePolicy Committee,, was

was publipublished undeshed under ther the author

authorityity of the Standardof the Standardss Board

Board and and comes comes into into effecteffect onon 31

31 OctobOctober 1er 1991991 © BSI 02-1999 © BSI 02-1999

First published October 1961 First published October 1961 Second edition January 1973 Second edition January 1973 Third edition December 1988 Third edition December 1988 Fourth edition October 1991 Fourth edition October 1991 The following BSI references The following BSI references relate to the work on this relate to the work on this standard:

standard:

Committee reference PVC/27 Committee reference PVC/27 Draft for comment 91/51890 DC Draft for comment 91/51890 DC ISBN 0 580 20006 X

ISBN 0 580 20006 X

Committees responsible for this

British Standard

The preparation of this British Standard was entrusted by the Pigments, The preparation of this British Standard was entrusted by the Pigments, Paints and Varnishes Standards Policy Committee (PVC/-) to Technical Paints and Varnishes Standards Policy Committee (PVC/-) to Technical Committee PVC/27, upon which the following bodies were represented: Committee PVC/27, upon which the following bodies were represented: Aluminium Federation

Aluminium Federation

Aluminium Finishing Association Aluminium Finishing Association Aluminium Window Association Aluminium Window Association

British Railways Board British Railways Board

British Telecommunications plc British Telecommunications plc Consumer Policy Committee of BSI Consumer Policy Committee of BSI

Department of the Environment (Building Research

Department of the Environment (Building Research Establishment)Establishment) European Resin Manufacturers’ Association

European Resin Manufacturers’ Association Institute of Corrosion

Institute of Corrosion

Institute of Metal Finishing Institute of Metal Finishing

Institution of Structural Engineers Institution of Structural Engineers Institution of Water and

Institution of Water and Environmental Management (IWEM)Environmental Management (IWEM) London Regional Transport

London Regional Transport Metcom

Metcom

Ministry of Defence Ministry of Defence

National Federation of Painting and

National Federation of Painting and Decorating ContractorsDecorating Contractors Oil and Colour Chemists’ Association

Oil and Colour Chemists’ Association Paint Research Association

Paint Research Association

Paintmakers’ Association of Great Britain Ltd. Paintmakers’ Association of Great Britain Ltd. Society of Chemical Industry

Society of Chemical Industry Steel Window Association Steel Window Association

Union of Construction, Allied Trades and Technicians Union of Construction, Allied Trades and Technicians Zinc Development Association

Zinc Development Association

Amendments issued since publication Amendments issued since publication

Amd. No.

Amd. No. DateDate CommentsComments 7

7228888 SSeepptteemmbbeerr 1992

1992

Indicated by a sideline in the margin Indicated by a sideline in the margin

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BS 3416:1991

Foreword

This British Standard was prepared under the direction of the Pigments, Paints This British Standard was prepared under the direction of the Pigments, Paints and Varnishes Standards Policy Committee. It supersedes BS 3416:1988, which and Varnishes Standards Policy Committee. It supersedes BS 3416:1988, which is withdrawn.

is withdrawn.

This edition introduces technical changes but it does not reflect a full review or This edition introduces technical changes but it does not reflect a full review or revision of the standard, which will be undertaken in

revision of the standard, which will be undertaken in due course.due course. The main technical changes are:

The main technical changes are:

a) introduction of separate immersion periods for type 1 and type 2 materials; a) introduction of separate immersion periods for type 1 and type 2 materials; b) a change in the size of the panel used in Appendix B.

b) a change in the size of the panel used in Appendix B. NOTE

NOTE DiffereDifferences in the texnces in the text between tt between this editihis edition and BS 341on and BS 3416:1986:1988 are indic8 are indicated by a line in thated by a line in thee margin.

margin.

This edition includes provisions to satisfy the requirements of This edition includes provisions to satisfy the requirements of

EEC Directive 80/778/EEC “The quality of water intended for human EEC Directive 80/778/EEC “The quality of water intended for human

consumption” which specifies admissible concentrations and guide levels for a consumption” which specifies admissible concentrations and guide levels for a wide range of parameters in respect of all

wide range of parameters in respect of all drinking water and water used in drinking water and water used in foodfood and drink manufacture. It applies to the water at the point where it is

and drink manufacture. It applies to the water at the point where it is mademade available to the user. Compliance with the

available to the user. Compliance with the EEC Directive is required by UK law.EEC Directive is required by UK law. The statutory water supplier has a responsibility to ensure that the

The statutory water supplier has a responsibility to ensure that the componentscomponents of the water service connected to the water supply do not adversely affect the of the water service connected to the water supply do not adversely affect the quality of the water supplied if that water

quality of the water supplied if that water is likely to be ingested or could be is likely to be ingested or could be backback syphoned into a part of the service from which it is likely to be ingested. The syphoned into a part of the service from which it is likely to be ingested. The various water authorities will therefore require evidence that bitumen-based various water authorities will therefore require evidence that bitumen-based coatings in contact with potable water are satisfactory in this respect.

coatings in contact with potable water are satisfactory in this respect. All types and classes of bitumen-based coatings in BS 3416 give films that All types and classes of bitumen-based coatings in BS 3416 give films that areare

suitable for use in contact with potable water and that may be

suitable for use in contact with potable water and that may be submitted forsubmitted for approval by the UK Water Fittings Byelaws

approval by the UK Water Fittings Byelaws Scheme administered by the WaterScheme administered by the Water Research Centre, 660 Ajax Avenue, Slough, Berkshire SL1 4BG.

Research Centre, 660 Ajax Avenue, Slough, Berkshire SL1 4BG.

This British Standard also takes account of recent developments in this type of This British Standard also takes account of recent developments in this type of paint enabling the use of mineral fillers and alternative solvents.

paint enabling the use of mineral fillers and alternative solvents.

This British Standard specifies requirements for two types of bitumen coatings This British Standard specifies requirements for two types of bitumen coatings for cold application, each type having three classes relating to the solvent system for cold application, each type having three classes relating to the solvent system used for the solution.

used for the solution.

Attention is drawn to BS 6949, which specifies requirem

Attention is drawn to BS 6949, which specifies requirements for bitumen-basedents for bitumen-based coatings not intended for use in contact with potable water.

coatings not intended for use in contact with potable water.

Guidance on the use of these materials is given in Appendix A, and reference Guidance on the use of these materials is given in Appendix A, and reference should also be made to BS 5493 and to BS 6150.

should also be made to BS 5493 and to BS 6150.

Product certification.

Product certification. Attention is drawn to the Attention is drawn to the fact that bitumen-based coatingsfact that bitumen-based coatings for use in contact with potable water must be certified by the Water Research for use in contact with potable water must be certified by the Water Research Centre under the UK Water Fittings Byelaws Scheme in order to comply with Centre under the UK Water Fittings Byelaws Scheme in order to comply with EEC Directive 80/778/EEC. For full details, apply to the Water Research EEC Directive 80/778/EEC. For full details, apply to the Water Research Centre, 660 Ajax Avenue, Slough, Berkshire SL1 4BG.

Centre, 660 Ajax Avenue, Slough, Berkshire SL1 4BG. A British Standard does not purp

A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of aort to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users of British Standards are

contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application.responsible for their correct application.

Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations.

from legal obligations.

Summary of pages Summary of pages

This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, pages i and ii, This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, pages i and ii, pages

pages 1 to 6, an inside bac1 to 6, an inside back cover and a back k cover and a back cover.cover.

This standard has been updated (see copyright date) and may have had This standard has been updated (see copyright date) and may have had amendments incorporated. This will be indicated in the amendment table on amendments incorporated. This will be indicated in the amendment table on the

the inside finside front coront cover.ver.

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BS

BS 341

3416:1

6:199

991

1 1 Scope

1 Scope

This British Standard specifies performance and This British Standard specifies performance and marking requirements for a range of bitumen-based marking requirements for a range of bitumen-based solvent-borne coatings. It covers coatings for cold solvent-borne coatings. It covers coatings for cold application by either brushing, spraying, rolling or application by either brushing, spraying, rolling or dipping processes intended to give a coat for the dipping processes intended to give a coat for the corrosion protection and water-proofing of

corrosion protection and water-proofing of substrates including iron and steel.

substrates including iron and steel.

Two types, each with three classes, are included. All Two types, each with three classes, are included. All of these give films that are suitable for use on of these give films that are suitable for use on potable water tanks and cisterns as well as for potable water tanks and cisterns as well as for general applications.

general applications.

The level of gloss of the finished film is not specified The level of gloss of the finished film is not specified in this British Standard.

in this British Standard. NOTE 1

NOTE 1 These bThese bitumen itumen coatincoatings are gs are neitheneither inter intended nded toto withstand hot conditions, as on boilers, smoke stacks, etc., for withstand hot conditions, as on boilers, smoke stacks, etc., for which special coatings should be obtained, nor to resist which special coatings should be obtained, nor to resist contamination with mineral oils or paint solvents, all of which contamination with mineral oils or paint solvents, all of which conditions will cause softening of the film.

conditions will cause softening of the film. NOTE 2

NOTE 2 GuidanGuidance on ce on the uthe use of bse of bitumenitumen-based -based coatincoatings isgs is given in Appendix A, BS 5493 and BS 6150.

given in Appendix A, BS 5493 and BS 6150. NOTE 3

NOTE 3 The tiThe titles otles of the f the publicpublicationations refers referred tred to in to in thishis standard are listed on the inside back cover.

standard are listed on the inside back cover.

2 Definitions

For the purposes of this British Standard, the For the purposes of this British Standard, the definitions given in BS 2015 apply together with the definitions given in BS 2015 apply together with the following. following. 2.1 2.1 bitumen bitumen

a viscous liquid, or a solid, consisting essentially of a viscous liquid, or a solid, consisting essentially of hydrocarbons and their derivatives, which is soluble hydrocarbons and their derivatives, which is soluble in trichloroethylene and is substantially

in trichloroethylene and is substantially

non-volatile and softens gradually when heated. It non-volatile and softens gradually when heated. It is black or brown in colour and possesses

is black or brown in colour and possesses waterproofing and adhesive properties. It is waterproofing and adhesive properties. It is

obtained by refinery processes from petroleum, and obtained by refinery processes from petroleum, and is also found as a natural deposit or as a component is also found as a natural deposit or as a component of naturally occurring asphalt in which it is

of naturally occurring asphalt in which it is associated with mineral matter

associated with mineral matter NOTE

NOTE The iThe internanternationational defil definition nition of biof bitumen tumen relatrelates ites itss solubility to carbon disulphide but, in the United Kingdom, the solubility to carbon disulphide but, in the United Kingdom, the safer material trichoroethylene is used as the test solvent as safer material trichoroethylene is used as the test solvent as examination has shown no significant difference.

examination has shown no significant difference.

2.2 2.2

bitumen-based coating bitumen-based coating

a liquid mixture of bitumen in a carrier (solvent or a liquid mixture of bitumen in a carrier (solvent or solvent mixture), usually paraffinic hydrocarbons, solvent mixture), usually paraffinic hydrocarbons, chlorinated hydrocarbons and aromatic

chlorinated hydrocarbons and aromatic

hydrocarbons, with or without fillers, to give a hydrocarbons, with or without fillers, to give a consistency suitable for brushing, spraying, rolling consistency suitable for brushing, spraying, rolling or dipping in accordance with the recommendations or dipping in accordance with the recommendations of the manufacturer. The coating may exhibit of the manufacturer. The coating may exhibit thixotropy

thixotropy

3 Classification

3.1

3.1Bitumen-based coatings shall be classified intoBitumen-based coatings shall be classified into two types as follows.

two types as follows.

a) Type 1, without fillers. a) Type 1, without fillers. b) Type 2, with fillers. b) Type 2, with fillers.

3.2

3.2Each type shall be further sub-classified asEach type shall be further sub-classified as follows.

follows.

a) Class A, using white spirit complying with a) Class A, using white spirit complying with BS 245 as the carrier.

BS 245 as the carrier.

b) Class B, using either a solvent

b) Class B, using either a solvent other thanother than white spirit, or a solvent mixture with a flash white spirit, or a solvent mixture with a flash point

point of or abof or above 21ove 21 °C and b°C and below 32elow 32 °C as the°C as the carrier.

carrier.

c) Class C, using either a solvent other than white c) Class C, using either a solvent other than white spirit, or a solvent mixture with a flas

spirit, or a solvent mixture with a flash point of orh point of or above 3

above 322 °C as the ca°C as the carrierrrier..

4 Sampling

Take and store in accordance with BS 3900-A1 Take and store in accordance with BS 3900-A1 representative sample

representative samples of not less ts of not less than 1han 1 000 mL of000 mL of the coating either at the filling stage or from one or the coating either at the filling stage or from one or more previously unopened containers. Condition the more previously unopened containers. Condition the samples for at

samples for at least 12 h at least 12 h at 23 ±23 ± 2 °C before carr2 °C before carryingying out any tests.

out any tests.

5 Flash point

When tested in accordance with

When tested in accordance withB.1B.1, coatings shall, coatings shall comply with the following.

comply with the following.

a) Coatings of classes A and C shall not flash at a a) Coatings of classes A and C shall not flash at a temp

temperatuerature belore below 32w 32 °C.°C.

b) Coatings of class B shall not flash at a b) Coatings of class B shall not flash at a temp

temperatuerature belore below 21w 21 °C.°C.

6 Drying and

6 Drying and over-coating times

over-coating times

6.1 Surface-dry time 6.1 Surface-dry time

When tested in accordance withB.2.1B.2.1, films of, films of coatings shall be surface dry:

coatings shall be surface dry: a)

a) if type 1, if type 1, in not more in not more than 4 h;than 4 h; b)

b) if type 2, if type 2, in not more in not more than 8 h.than 8 h.

6.2 Over-coating time 6.2 Over-coating time

When tested in accordance withB.2.2B.2.2, the film shall, the film shall show no cissing, crawling, sinking, lifting or

show no cissing, crawling, sinking, lifting or wrinkling during application or after 24 h drying wrinkling during application or after 24 h drying time.

time.

7 Finish

When tested in accordance withB.3B.3, the film shall, the film shall be smooth, opaque and free from sags or runs be smooth, opaque and free from sags or runs oror other surface imperfections.

other surface imperfections.

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2

2 © BSI 02-1999© BSI 02-1999

8 Protection against corrosion

8.1 Resistance to tap water immersion 8.1 Resistance to tap water immersion 8.1.1

8.1.1 When tested in accordance withWhen tested in accordance withB.4.1.1B.4.1.1, the, the film shall remain completely adherent to the film shall remain completely adherent to the substrate.

substrate.

Any blistering shall not exceed rating 2 (S3) in Any blistering shall not exceed rating 2 (S3) in

accordance with BS 3900-H2. accordance with BS 3900-H2.

8.1.2

8.1.2 When tested in accordance withWhen tested in accordance with B.4.1.2B.4.1.2, the, the surface of exposed metal revealed shall show no surface of exposed metal revealed shall show no visible rust or pitting.

visible rust or pitting.

8.2

8.2 Resistance to Resistance to artificial sea artificial sea waterwater immersion

immersion 8.2.1

8.2.1 When tested in accordance withWhen tested in accordance withB.4.2.1B.4.2.1, the, the film shall show no signs of

film shall show no signs of breakdown. Anybreakdown. Any blistering shall not exceed rating 2 (S3) in blistering shall not exceed rating 2 (S3) in accordance with BS 3900-H2.

accordance with BS 3900-H2.

8.2.2

8.2.2 When tested in accordance withWhen tested in accordance withB.4.2.2B.4.2.2, the, the surface of exposed metal revealed shall show no surface of exposed metal revealed shall show no visible rust or pitting.

visible rust or pitting.

9 Bend resistance

When tested in accordance with B.5B.5, the film shall, the film shall show no signs of cracking or of becoming detached show no signs of cracking or of becoming detached from the substrate.

from the substrate.

10 Effect on potable water

A coating of the product applied and le

A coating of the product applied and left to dry inft to dry in accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions shall comply with BS 6920-1:1988.

shall comply with BS 6920-1:1988.

11 Shelf life

The product, if stored in unopened containers The product, if stored in unopened containers for 12for 12 months at a

months at a temperature not temperature not exceeding 30exceeding 30 °C, shall°C, shall meet the requirements of clauses

meet the requirements of clauses55 to to 99. No. No separation shall take place which cannot be separation shall take place which cannot be removed by stirring.

removed by stirring. NOTE

NOTE In the cIn the case of tase of thixotrhixotropic coopic coatingsatings, suffi, sufficient tcient time, asime, as advised by the manufacturer, should be allowed after any stirring advised by the manufacturer, should be allowed after any stirring to redevelop the thixotropy.

to redevelop the thixotropy.

12 Marking

Each container of bitumen-based coating shall be Each container of bitumen-based coating shall be clearly labelled with the following information: clearly labelled with the following information:

a) the manufacturer’s identification; a) the manufacturer’s identification;

b) the number of this British Standard and the b) the number of this British Standard and the appropriate type and class of the

appropriate type and class of the product, e.g. BS 3416:1991

product, e.g. BS 3416:19911)1), type 1, class A;, type 1, class A; c) a statement that it is suitable for

c) a statement that it is suitable for use in contactuse in contact with potable water;

with potable water;

d) the nominal content by mass or volume; d) the nominal content by mass or volume; e) the batch number from which the container e) the batch number from which the container was filled;

was filled;

f) the month and year in which the batch was f) the month and year in which the batch was manufactured;

manufactured;

g) whether the coating is suitable for brushing, g) whether the coating is suitable for brushing, spraying, rolling or dipping.

spraying, rolling or dipping.

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1)_{Marking BS 3416:1991 on or in relation to a product represents a manufacturer’s declaration of conformity, i.e.}_{Marking BS 3416:1991 on or in relation to a product represents a manufacturer’s declaration of conformity, i.e. a claim by or on}_{a claim by or on}

behalf of the manufacturer that the product meets the requirements of the standard. The accuracy of such a claim is therefore behalf of the manufacturer that the product meets the requirements of the standard. The accuracy of such a claim is therefore solely the responsibility of the person making the claim. Such a declaration is not to be confused with third party certification of solely the responsibility of the person making the claim. Such a declaration is not to be confused with third party certification of conformity, which may also be desirable.

conformity, which may also be desirable.

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BS

BS 341

3416:1

6:199

991

1 Appendix A

Appendix A Guidance on th

Guidance on the use of

e use of

bitumen-bas

bitumen-based coatings

ed coatings for cold

for cold

application

A.1 Safety instructions A.1 Safety instructions

Consult the safety instructions of the manufacturer Consult the safety instructions of the manufacturer before application and, especially, before spraying before application and, especially, before spraying these materials.

these materials. NOTE

NOTE AttenAttention ition is draws drawn to n to the Heathe Health anlth and Safd Safety Exeety Executivecutive Guidance Note GS5 “Entry into Confined Spaces” regarding the Guidance Note GS5 “Entry into Confined Spaces” regarding the safe working in confined spaces.

safe working in confined spaces.

A.2 General properties A.2 General properties

Like some other protective coatings referred to Like some other protective coatings referred to inin BS 5493 and BS 6150, bitumen coatings are used to BS 5493 and BS 6150, bitumen coatings are used to protect surfaces rather than to decorate them, their protect surfaces rather than to decorate them, their function being to exclude moisture or other corrosive function being to exclude moisture or other corrosive agents. It is thus important that each

agents. It is thus important that each coat is appliedcoat is applied in a continuous manner, without holidays or

in a continuous manner, without holidays or “misses”. Bitumen coatings have little power “misses”. Bitumen coatings have little power toto inhibit corrosion. Hence, if ferrous surfaces are not inhibit corrosion. Hence, if ferrous surfaces are not adequately cleaned to be free from rust and

adequately cleaned to be free from rust and mill-scale before these coatings are applied, mill-scale before these coatings are applied,

under-rusting may occur with consequent failure of under-rusting may occur with consequent failure of the film. They have good adhesion to most surfaces the film. They have good adhesion to most surfaces commonly found in building, e.g. ferrous metals, commonly found in building, e.g. ferrous metals, slightly etched galvanized iron and steel,

slightly etched galvanized iron and steel, concreteconcrete and brick, and will withstand moderate

and brick, and will withstand moderate concentrations of acids and alkalis. concentrations of acids and alkalis.

These bitumen coatings are neither intended to These bitumen coatings are neither intended to withstand hot conditions, as on boilers, smoke withstand hot conditions, as on boilers, smoke stacks, etc., for which special coatings should be stacks, etc., for which special coatings should be obtained, nor to resist contamination with mineral obtained, nor to resist contamination with mineral oils or paint solvents, all of which conditions will oils or paint solvents, all of which conditions will cause softening of the film.

cause softening of the film.

A.3 Precautions A.3 Precautions

Provide adequate ventilation, particularly of closed Provide adequate ventilation, particularly of closed vessels, while the material is being applied and vessels, while the material is being applied and until it is thoroughly dry. The use of air fed masks until it is thoroughly dry. The use of air fed masks for personal ventilation is

for personal ventilation is recommended. Whenrecommended. When painting the interiors of tanks, use a forced air painting the interiors of tanks, use a forced air supply to disperse the solvent and prevent residual supply to disperse the solvent and prevent residual solvent condensing on the coating and washing it solvent condensing on the coating and washing it off. Avoid naked lights in or near the tanks off. Avoid naked lights in or near the tanks oror cisterns during these periods. Use

cisterns during these periods. Use appropriateappropriate barrier creams and protective clothing to prevent barrier creams and protective clothing to prevent skin sensitization. Skin should be thoroughly skin sensitization. Skin should be thoroughly washed and clothing removed and cleaned as soon washed and clothing removed and cleaned as soon as possible after the work has been

as possible after the work has been completed.completed.

A.4 Durability A.4 Durability

The durability of bitumen coatings depends mainly The durability of bitumen coatings depends mainly upon a) the thickness of the

upon a) the thickness of the film and b) the degree offilm and b) the degree of exposure. It is important to apply

exposure. It is important to apply the productsthe products liberally in a number of coats, as thick films give liberally in a number of coats, as thick films give proportionately greater protection than thin ones, proportionately greater protection than thin ones, and to ensure that all areas of

and to ensure that all areas of a surface are covered.a surface are covered.

The degree of exposure largely controls the rate of The degree of exposure largely controls the rate of deterioration of the film surface. Bitumen is

deterioration of the film surface. Bitumen is

sensitive to sunlight and other strong light, which sensitive to sunlight and other strong light, which quickly cause complete loss of gloss, followed later quickly cause complete loss of gloss, followed later by a form of chalking. This is, however, confined to by a form of chalking. This is, however, confined to the surface and provided that the film is of adequate the surface and provided that the film is of adequate thickness it will continue to give protection. In thickness it will continue to give protection. In situations protected from such attack, the gloss is situations protected from such attack, the gloss is maintained longer.

maintained longer.

Crazing sometimes occurs with bitumen coatings Crazing sometimes occurs with bitumen coatings but bitumen-coated ferrous metals are seldom but bitumen-coated ferrous metals are seldom subject to early corrosion from this cause. subject to early corrosion from this cause.

A.5 Thinning A.5 Thinning

Where thinning is necessary, e.g. as a

Where thinning is necessary, e.g. as a first coat onfirst coat on very porous surfaces, only white spirit, in the case of very porous surfaces, only white spirit, in the case of class A coatings, or the manufacturer’s

class A coatings, or the manufacturer’s

recommended thinners should be used. In all cases recommended thinners should be used. In all cases thinning should be kept to a minimum for the thinning should be kept to a minimum for the typetype of use required.

of use required.

A.6 Primer A.6 Primer

In order to prevent under-rusting on f

In order to prevent under-rusting on ferrous metals,errous metals, a system of rust-inhibiting primer and bitumen a system of rust-inhibiting primer and bitumen coating is often advocated. Reference should be coating is often advocated. Reference should be made to the bitumen-coating manufacturer. It is made to the bitumen-coating manufacturer. It is important to allow adequate time for the hardening important to allow adequate time for the hardening of primers prior to the application of bitumen-based of primers prior to the application of bitumen-based coatings. Lead-based primers and other primers coatings. Lead-based primers and other primers containing toxic material are not to be used in containing toxic material are not to be used in conjunction with materials in contact with potable conjunction with materials in contact with potable water.

water.

A.7 Preparation of surfaces A.7 Preparation of surfaces

Establish that the substrate and the

Establish that the substrate and the bitumen-basedbitumen-based coating are compatible and prepare the

coating are compatible and prepare the substratesubstrate according to its type as follows.

according to its type as follows. a)

a) Bare non-porous surfaces. Bare non-porous surfaces. All dirt, including All dirt, including loosely adhering rust, mill-scale and grease loosely adhering rust, mill-scale and grease should be removed.

should be removed. b)

b)Surfaces previously covered with bitumenSurfaces previously covered with bitumen coating.

coating. All dirt, grease and loosely adhering All dirt, grease and loosely adhering bitumen coat should be removed by washing or bitumen coat should be removed by washing or other suitable means. Any bare patches of metal other suitable means. Any bare patches of metal should be spot-primed with bitumen coating should be spot-primed with bitumen coating before the general coating is applied.

before the general coating is applied. c)

c) Porous surfaces Porous surfaces. All dirt and dust should be. All dirt and dust should be removed by thorough brushing and any loosely removed by thorough brushing and any loosely adhering flakes of material should be detached. adhering flakes of material should be detached. Washing of porous surfaces is not usua

Washing of porous surfaces is not usuallylly

satisfactory unless adequate time is given for the satisfactory unless adequate time is given for the water to evaporate.

water to evaporate. d)

d)Other surfaces.Other surfaces. Reference should be made to Reference should be made to the manufacturer of the bitumen-based coatings. the manufacturer of the bitumen-based coatings.

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4 © BSI 02-1999© BSI 02-1999

A.8 Painting A.8 Painting

All surfaces should be allowed to dry following the All surfaces should be allowed to dry following the preparation. Painting during humid weather, or in preparation. Painting during humid weather, or in other conditions giving rise to condensation, should other conditions giving rise to condensation, should be avoided. Further details of the establishment of be avoided. Further details of the establishment of conditions and appropriate application of coatings conditions and appropriate application of coatings are given in a) to e) and in BS 6150.

are given in a) to e) and in BS 6150. a)

a) Application to Application to non-porous surfaces.non-porous surfaces. A full coat A full coat should be applied by

should be applied by the appropriate methodthe appropriate method taking care to obtain a uniform and continuous taking care to obtain a uniform and continuous film at the recommended spreading rate.

film at the recommended spreading rate. Particular care should be taken to coat Particular care should be taken to coat thoroughly all recesses, edges, joints, thoroughly all recesses, edges, joints,

intersections of members, rivet and bolt heads intersections of members, rivet and bolt heads and nuts.

and nuts.

No subsequent coat should be applied until the No subsequent coat should be applied until the previous coat has dried thoroughly.

previous coat has dried thoroughly. b)

b) Systems of bitumen-based coatings andSystems of bitumen-based coatings and corrosion-inhibitive primer on bare steel.

corrosion-inhibitive primer on bare steel. One or One or more coats of primer should be applied followed more coats of primer should be applied followed by at least two coats of bitumen-based coating. by at least two coats of bitumen-based coating. NOTE

NOTE The fiThe final cnal coat oat of biof bitumen-tumen-based based coatincoating mag may, wity, withh advantage, be one which contains leafing aluminium as an advantage, be one which contains leafing aluminium as an additive to minimize the effect of sunlight (see

additive to minimize the effect of sunlight (see A.4 A.4).). c)

c)Systems of bitumen-based coatings onSystems of bitumen-based coatings on cementitious surfaces.

cementitious surfaces. These surfaces should be These surfaces should be sealed with a thinned coating of type 1

sealed with a thinned coating of type 1 bitumen-based coating (see

bitumen-based coating (see A.5 A.5). If the original). If the original surface has a high degree of

surface has a high degree of porosity a secondporosity a second thinned seal coating should be used. Two thinned seal coating should be used. Two

subsequent coats of non-thinned bitumen-based subsequent coats of non-thinned bitumen-based coating are usually necessary, all coatings being coating are usually necessary, all coatings being applied after ensuring the previous coating is applied after ensuring the previous coating is thoroughly dry. The spreading rate of the thoroughly dry. The spreading rate of the material should be adjusted so as to give a material should be adjusted so as to give a

satisfactory final film. If the original surface has satisfactory final film. If the original surface has a high degree of porosity, an additional thinned a high degree of porosity, an additional thinned priming coat should be used.

priming coat should be used.

If the surface is rough, as with some concrete If the surface is rough, as with some concrete surfaces, or irregular or jointed, as with surfaces, or irregular or jointed, as with brickwork, the method and coating should be brickwork, the method and coating should be agreed with the manufacturer.

agreed with the manufacturer. d)

d)Use of bitumen-based coatings with otherUse of bitumen-based coatings with other systems.

systems. Bitumen-based coatings are unsuitable Bitumen-based coatings are unsuitable where it is desired to finish the work with many where it is desired to finish the work with many other types of paint, since bleeding of

other types of paint, since bleeding of the bitumenthe bitumen through the top coat and crazing of the finish through the top coat and crazing of the finish isis likely to result. Where it is necessary to apply an likely to result. Where it is necessary to apply an oil paint over a bitumen coating these fau

oil paint over a bitumen coating these faults maylts may be mitigated by the use of a barrier coat of be mitigated by the use of a barrier coat of aa preparation made especially for this purpose. preparation made especially for this purpose.

e)

e) Application of material when used for coating Application of material when used for coating drinking water tanks or cisterns.

drinking water tanks or cisterns. Surfaces should Surfaces should be dry and cleaned free of mill-scale, rust and be dry and cleaned free of mill-scale, rust and dirt. All surfaces, new or otherwise, should then dirt. All surfaces, new or otherwise, should then be degreased immediately before coating. Two be degreased immediately before coating. Two coats are recommended and on bare metal; brush coats are recommended and on bare metal; brush application of the first coat is preferable. Full application of the first coat is preferable. Full coats should be applied, particular care being coats should be applied, particular care being taken to coat thoroughly all recesses,

taken to coat thoroughly all recesses, edges, rivetedges, rivet and bolt heads and nuts. In

and bolt heads and nuts. In no case should ano case should a second coat be applied until the first coat is second coat be applied until the first coat is thoroughly dry and a period of 48 h should thoroughly dry and a period of 48 h should normally be allowed for this. Drying may be normally be allowed for this. Drying may be assisted materially by the provision of a forced assisted materially by the provision of a forced draught. It is essential to use clean brushes draught. It is essential to use clean brushes oror spray equipment; such tools contaminated with spray equipment; such tools contaminated with other types of bitumen paint or

other types of bitumen paint or with tar paint arewith tar paint are unsuitable.

unsuitable.

After thorough drying of the two-coat syste After thorough drying of the two-coat system,m,

and before being put into service, the tank or and before being put into service, the tank or cistern should be filled with cold drinking water, cistern should be filled with cold drinking water, and drained after not less than 4 h. If a taste is and drained after not less than 4 h. If a taste is detected in this water, the flushing should be detected in this water, the flushing should be repeated. This procedure is necessary as a repeated. This procedure is necessary as a safeguard against initial contamination of the safeguard against initial contamination of the water because of entrapped solvent in the water because of entrapped solvent in the bitumen coat.

bitumen coat.

Appendix B Me

Appendix B Methods of test f

thods of test for

or

performance requirements

B.1 Flash point B.1 Flash point

Test the coating in accordance with the method Test the coating in accordance with the method described in BS 3900-A8 or BS 3900-A13.

described in BS 3900-A8 or BS 3900-A13. Record the results.

Record the results.

B.2 Drying and over-coating times B.2 Drying and over-coating times B.2.1

B.2.1 Surface-dry timeSurface-dry time

Apply a single coat of the coating as described in Apply a single coat of the coating as described in Appendix C to a burnished

Appendix C to a burnished

nominal 150 mm × 100 mm steel panel. Test in nominal 150 mm × 100 mm steel panel. Test in accordance with BS 3900-C2.

accordance with BS 3900-C2.

Record the results after 4 h, for type 1 coatings, or Record the results after 4 h, for type 1 coatings, or aft

after 8h, fer 8h, for tyor typepe 22 coacoatintings.gs.

B.2.2

B.2.2 Over-coating timeOver-coating time

Allow the coating obtained

Allow the coating obtained after the test ofafter the test ofB.2.1B.2.1 to to dry for 24 h wit

dry for 24 h with free access of air h free access of air at 23° ±at 23° ± 2 °C and2 °C and a r

a relaelativtive he humiumiditdity oy of 5f 500 ±± 55 %.%.

Overcoat with a second coat in accordance with Overcoat with a second coat in accordance with C.3C.3.. Inspect the film visually, by normal or corrected Inspect the film visually, by normal or corrected vision, during application and again after the vision, during application and again after the over-coating has been allowed to dry for 24 h. over-coating has been allowed to dry for 24 h. Record the observations.

Record the observations.

i i c c e e

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BS

BS 341

3416:1

6:199

991

1

B.3 Finish B.3 Finish

Apply a single coat of the coating as described i Apply a single coat of the coating as described inn Appendix C to a burnished

Appendix C to a burnished

nominal 300 mm × 300 mm steel panel to give the nominal 300 mm × 300 mm steel panel to give the appropriate dry film thickness for its

appropriate dry film thickness for its type giventype given in

inC.2C.2..

Inspect the resultant film visually by normal or Inspect the resultant film visually by normal or corrected vision.

corrected vision.

Record the observations. Record the observations.

B.4 Protection against corrosion B.4 Protection against corrosion B.4.1

B.4.1 Resistance to Resistance to tap water immertap water immersionsion B.4.1.1

B.4.1.1 Apply two Apply two coats as described coats as described in Appendix in Appendix CC to a bur

to a burnished nished nominnominal 150 mal 150 mmm ×× 100 mm 100 mm steelsteel panel. Then 72 h after application, test in

panel. Then 72 h after application, test in accordance with procedure A, Method 1 of accordance with procedure A, Method 1 of

BS 3900-G5:1976 using tap water and an immersion BS 3900-G5:1976 using tap water and an immersion period of 4 days for type 1 material and 14 days for period of 4 days for type 1 material and 14 days for type 2 material.

type 2 material.

Inspect the film visually by normal or corrected Inspect the film visually by normal or corrected vision.

vision.

B.4.1.2

B.4.1.2Remove the film with a Remove the film with a non-corrosive paintnon-corrosive paint remover complying with BS 3761.

remover complying with BS 3761.

Inspect the surface of the exposed metal by normal Inspect the surface of the exposed metal by normal or corrected vision.

or corrected vision. Record the observations. Record the observations.

B.4.2

B.4.2 Resistance to Resistance to artificial seartificial sea watera water immersion

immersion B.4.2.1

B.4.2.1 Apply two Apply two coats as described coats as described in Appendix Cin Appendix C to a bur

to a burnished nished nominnominal 150 mal 150 mmm ×× 100 mm 100 mm steelsteel panel. Then 72 h after application, test in

panel. Then 72 h after application, test in accordance with procedure A, method 1 of accordance with procedure A, method 1 of BS 3900-G5:1976. Use artificial sea water BS 3900-G5:1976. Use artificial sea water complying with

complying with6.16.1 of BS 3900-F4:1968, with an of BS 3900-F4:1968, with an immersion period of 4 days for type 1 material immersion period of 4 days for type 1 material and

and 14 days for ty14 days for type 2 materipe 2 material.al.

vision.

B.4.2.2

B.4.2.2Remove the film with a Remove the film with a non-corrosive paintnon-corrosive paint remover complying with BS 3761.

remover complying with BS 3761.

Inspect the surface of the exposed metal by normal Inspect the surface of the exposed metal by normal or corrected vision.

or corrected vision. Record the observations. Record the observations.

B.5 Bend resistance B.5 Bend resistance

Apply a single coat as described in A

Apply a single coat as described in Appendix C to appendix C to a bur

burnisnished hed nomnominainal 1l 100 00 mmmm ×× 50 50 mmmm ×× 0.3 0.3 mmmm thick tinplate panel. Allow to dry for 7 days. thick tinplate panel. Allow to dry for 7 days. Test as described in BS 3900-E1, using type 1 Test as described in BS 3900-E1, using type 1 apparatus. For type 1 coatings use a 6 mm mandrel. apparatus. For type 1 coatings use a 6 mm mandrel. For type 2 coatings use a 10 mm mandrel.

For type 2 coatings use a 10 mm mandrel.

vision.

Appendix C P

Appendix C Preparation an

reparation and coating

d coating

of test panels

C.1 Material and dimensions C.1 Material and dimensions

Use test panels of the material specified in Use test panels of the material specified in BS 3900-A3 and of the specified dimensions. BS 3900-A3 and of the specified dimensions.

C.2 Preparation and coating C.2 Preparation and coating

Prepare the test panels in accordance with Prepare the test panels in accordance with BS 3900-A3 and then coat by brushin

BS 3900-A3 and then coat by brushing, spraying,g, spraying, rolling or dipping as recommended by the

rolling or dipping as recommended by the manufacturer, to give a dry film

manufacturer, to give a dry film thi

thicknckness oess of 35f 35 ±± 55 µm foµm for typr type 1 coae 1 coatintingsgs or 75

or 75 ±± 10 µm f10 µm for tyor type 2 cope 2 coatiatingsngs..

C.3 Drying of test panels C.3 Drying of test panels

Dry the test panels in a vertical position at a Dry the test panels in a vertical position at a temp

temperaturerature of e of 2323 ± ± 22 °C an°C and a d a relatrelative ive humidhumidityity of

of 5050 ± 5± 5 % fo% for tr the she specpecifiified ed timtime.e. Allow t

Allow the first he first coat to coat to dry for dry for 24 h 24 h before appbefore applicationlication of the second coat.

of the second coat.

For the tests required in clause

For the tests required in clause88 coat the backs and coat the backs and edges of the panels with a protective paint system. edges of the panels with a protective paint system.

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6

6 blankblank

i i c c e e

r r s s i i t t y y o o f f L L o o u u g g h h b b o o r r o o u u g g h h , , 2 2 5 5 J J u u n n e e 2 2 0 0 0 0 3 3 , , U U n n c c o o n n t t r r o o l l l l e e d d C C o o p p y y , ,

(12)

BS

BS 341

3416:1

6:199

991

1 Publication(s) referred to

Publication(s) referred to

BS 245,

BS 245,Specification for mineral solvents (white spirit and related hydrocarbon solvents) for paints andSpecification for mineral solvents (white spirit and related hydrocarbon solvents) for paints and other purposes.

other purposes.

BS 2015,

BS 2015,Glossary of paint terms.Glossary of paint terms.

BS 2523,

BS 2523,Specification for lead-based priming paints.Specification for lead-based priming paints.

BS 3761,

BS 3761,Specification for solvent-based paint remover.Specification for solvent-based paint remover.

BS 3900,

BS 3900,Methods of test for paints.Methods of test for paints.

BS 3900-A1,

BS 3900-A1,Sampling.Sampling.

BS 3900-A3,

BS 3900-A3,Standard panels for paint testing.Standard panels for paint testing.

BS 3900-A8,

BS 3900-A8,Test for flashTest for flash//no flash (closed cup equilibrium method).no flash (closed cup equilibrium method).

BS 3900-A13,

BS 3900-A13,Test for flashTest for flash//no flash (rapid equilibrium method).no flash (rapid equilibrium method).

BS 3900-C2,

BS 3900-C2,Surface-drying test (ballotini method).Surface-drying test (ballotini method).

BS 3900-E1,

BS 3900-E1, Bend test (cylindrical mandrel). Bend test (cylindrical mandrel).

BS 3900-F4,

BS 3900-F4,Resistance to continuous salt spray.Resistance to continuous salt spray.

BS 3900-G5,

BS 3900-G5, Determination of resistance to liquids. Determination of resistance to liquids.

BS 3900-H2,

BS 3900-H2, Designation of degree of blistering. Designation of degree of blistering.

BS 5493,

BS 5493,Code of practice for protective coating of iron and steel structures against corrosion.Code of practice for protective coating of iron and steel structures against corrosion.

BS 6150,

BS 6150,Code of practice for painting of buildings.Code of practice for painting of buildings.

BS 6920,

BS 6920,Suitability of non-metallic products for use in contact with water intended for human consumptionSuitability of non-metallic products for use in contact with water intended for human consumption with regard to their effect on the quality of

with regard to their effect on the quality of the water.the water.

BS 6920-1,

BS 6920-1,Specification.Specification.

BS 6949,

BS 6949,Specification for bitumen-based coatings for cold application, excluding use in contact with potableSpecification for bitumen-based coatings for cold application, excluding use in contact with potable water.

water.

EEC Directive 80/778/EEC. The quality of water intended for human consumption (also

EEC Directive 80/778/EEC. The quality of water intended for human consumption (also referred to underreferred to under the reference EEC Council Directive of 15 July 1980 relating to the

the reference EEC Council Directive of 15 July 1980 relating to the quality of water intended for humanquality of water intended for human consumption [Official Journal of the European Communities L229 pp 11-29)].

consumption [Official Journal of the European Communities L229 pp 11-29)]. UK Water Fittings Byelaws Scheme Information and Guidance Note No 5-01-02. UK Water Fittings Byelaws Scheme Information and Guidance Note No 5-01-02. Health and Safety Executive Guidance Note GS5 —

Health and Safety Executive Guidance Note GS5 — Entry into Confined Spaces (obtainable from HMSO).Entry into Confined Spaces (obtainable from HMSO).

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i i c c e e

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BRITISH STANDARD

BRITISH STANDARD

BS 3416:1991

BS 3416:1991

Specification for

Specification for

Bitumen-based

Bitumen-based

coatings for cold

coatings for cold

application, suitable

application, suitable

for use in contact with

for use in contact with

potable water

potable water

Committees responsible for this

Committees responsible for this

British Standard

British Standard

BS 3416:1991

BS 3416:1991

Contents

Contents

Foreword

Foreword

BS

BS 341

3416:1

6:199

991

1

1 Scope

1 Scope

2 Definitions

2 Definitions

3 Classification

3 Classification

4 Sampling

4 Sampling

5 Flash point

5 Flash point

6 Drying and

6 Drying and over-coating times

over-coating times

7 Finish

7 Finish

8 Protection against corrosion

8 Protection against corrosion

9 Bend resistance

9 Bend resistance

10 Effect on potable water

10 Effect on potable water

11 Shelf life

11 Shelf life

12 Marking

12 Marking

BS

BS 341

3416:1

6:199

991

1

Appendix A

Appendix A Guidance on th

Guidance on the use of

e use of

bitumen-bas