Temperature-Based fan Speed Control and Monitoring using Arduino
1K.Murali, 2U.Greeshma Reddy,3 J.L.Sabitha,4 B.Meena,5 CH.Sai Leela
1Assistant Professor Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering
2,3,4,5
IV- B.Tech – Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering
1, 2, 3, 4, 5
Vijaya Institute of Technology for Women, Enikepadu, Krishna (Dt), Andhra Pradesh.
Email:[email protected]1,[email protected]2 ,[email protected]3, [email protected]4,[email protected]5
Abstract
Generally in different climatic conditions people will trying to control the speed of the ceiling Fan in their room by manually controlling the Fan regulator. But, by doing this manually is a little bit tedious task and not accurate. Switching Fan regulator more often through manual control may damage the regulator and sometimes leads to current shock. The above discussed problems can be avoided by implementing the speed control mechanism of the fan in automatic way. A sensor is placed in the room to sense the room temperature in degree centigrade.
According to detected temperature a control circuit will control the speed of the fan. If the room temperature is more, then the speed of the fan will increase. If the room temperature is less, then the speed of the fan will automatically decreases by the control circuit. The technology OR the circuits used in this project are temperature sensor like LM35, and an aurdino UNO.
Keywords: Fan regulator, sensor, LM35, aurdino UNO I. INTRODUCTION
In recent years, the home Environment has seen a rapid introduction of network enabled digital technology. This Technology offers new and exciting opportunities to increase the connectivity of devices within the home for the Purpose
of home automation. However, the adoption of home automation systems has been slow. So, this work is a Standard automatic fan speed controller that controls the speed of an electric fan according to our requirement. Use of Embedded technology makes this closed loop feedback control system efficient and reliable. Micro controller allows Dynamic and faster control. Liquid crystal display (LCD) makes the system user-friendly. The sensed temperature and fan speed level values are simultaneously displayed on the LCD panel[1][2].
This project is a standalone automatic fan speed controller that controls the speed of an electric fan according to the requirement. Use of embedded technology makes this closed-loop feedback-control system efficient and reliable. The microcontroller (MCU) ATMega8/168/328 allows dynamic and faster control and the LCD makes the system user-friendly. Sensed temperature and fan speed levels are simultaneously displayed on the LCD panel. The project is very compact and uses a few components only. It can be implemented for several applications including air-conditioners, water- heaters, snow-melters, ovens, heat-exchangers, mixers, furnaces, incubators, thermal baths and veterinary operating tables. The project will help save energy/electricity[3].
II. FAN SPEED CONTROL SYSTEM COMPONENTS
The arduino is the heart of the system. It accepts inputs from the temperature sensor, LM35 which allows for the measurement of the current room temperature, then the controller will give the action to maintain the required fan speed. LCD is used to display the fan speed and room temperature. All of these can be summarized in a diagram as shown in Fig. 1
2.1 Fan speed control technique. A low-frequency pulse- width modulation (PWM) signal, usually in the range of about 30Hz, whose duty cycle is varied to adjust the fan’s speed is used. An inexpensive, single, small pass transistor can be used here. It is efficient because the pass transistor is used as a switch[3].
Fig. 1 Block diagram of fan speed control system 2.2 Arduino (Microcontroller)
A microcontroller is a computer control system on a single chip. It has many electronic circuits built into it, which can decode written instructions and convert them to electrical signals. The microcontroller will then step through these instructions and execute them one by one.
As an example of this a microcontroller could be used to control the fan speed according to the temperature of the room. There are different types of microcontroller, this project focus only on the Arduino Uno Microcontroller where its pin diagram is shown in fig.2
Fig. 2 Pin diagram of Arduino
2.3 Temperature Sensor (LM35) The LM35 series are precision integrated-circuit Calibrated Directly in degree Celsius (Centigrade) .Its Linear scale factor + 10 mV/°C .Its Ensured Accuracy is 0.1 degree Celsius .This will make it as an advantage over linear temperature. It is rated from −50°C to +150°C. It is more suitable for Remote Applications.
Fig. 3 LM 35 Temperature Sensors
2.4 Relay (4 Channel, 5V) We can control High Voltage electronic devices using relays. A Relay is actually a switch which is electrically operated by an electromagnet. The electromagnet is activated with a low voltage, for example 5 volts from a microcontroller and it pulls a contact to make or break a high voltage circuit.
Fig. 4 Relay Circuit Diagram 2.5 Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) :
This component is specifically manufactured to be used with microcontrollers, which means that it cannot be activated by standard IC circuits. It is used for displaying different messages on a miniature liquid crystal display. it can display messages in two lines with 16 characters each. Also it can display all the letters of alphabet, Greek letters, punctuation marks, mathematical symbols etc. Fig. 3 illustrates LCD (2 x 16 characters) and its connection
III. CIRCUIT WORKING
Fig. 5: Circuit diagram of the temperature-based fan speed control and monitoring using Arduino Circuit diagram of the temperature fan speed control and
monitoring is shown in Fig. 5. It is built around Arduino Uno board (Board1), 16×2 LCD (LCD1), temperature sensor LM35( IC1) and a few other components.Arduino is at the heart of the circuit as it controls all functions.
LM35 is a precision integrated circuit whose output voltage is linearly proportional to Celsius (Centigrade) temperature. It is rated to operate over a -55°C to 150°C temperature range. It has +10.0mV/Celsius linear-scale factor[5].
Fig. 6: Screenshot of the source code on Arduino IDE
Temperature sensor LM35 senses the temperature and converts it into an electrical (analogue) signal, which is applied to the MCU through an analogue-to-digital converter (ADC). The analogue signal is converted into digital format by the ADC. Sensed values of the temperature and speed of the fan are displayed on the LCD. Temperature and monitoring using Arduino The MCU on Arduino drives the motor driver to control fan speed.
Remark of this approach, however, is that it can make the fan noisy because of the pulsed nature of the signal. The PWM waveform’s sharp edges cause the fan’s mechanical structure to move (like a badly-designed loudspeaker), which can easily be audible.
IV. SOFTWARE
Software for the automatic temperature controller and monitor circuit is written in Arduino programming language. Arduino Uno is programmed usingArduino IDE software.ATmega328P on Arduino Uno comes with a pre-programmed bootloader that allows users to upload a new code to it without using an external hardware programmer.Connect Arduino board to the PC and select the correct COM port in Arduino IDE. Compile the program (sketch). Then select the correct board from
Tools Board menu in Arduino IDE and upload the sketch (abfc.ino) to Arduino through standard USB port.
V. BASIC EXPERIMENTAL SETUP
Fig 7: Basic Experimental setup
VI. RESULTS
Fig 8: Experimental setup for Fan(off mode) with normal temperature
Fig 9: Experimental setup for Fan(On mode) with excess temperature
VII. CONCLUSION
This project elaborates the design and construction of fan speed control system to control the room temperature. The temperature sensor was carefully chosen to gauge the room temperature. Besides, the microcontroller had been used to control the fan speed using the fan speed in rpm and the arduino was
successfully programmed using C/C++ Language to compare temperature with standard temperature and set fan speed and their values displayed on LCD. Moreover, the fan speed will increase automatically if the temperature room is increased. As conclusion, the system which designed in this work was perform very well, for any temperature change and can be classified as automatic control.
REFERENCES
[1] Mustafa Saad, Hossam Abdoalgader, and Muammer Mohamed, “Automatic Fan Speed Control System Using Microcontroller”
[2] Temperature Controlled Relay with Arduino – Tutorial #6 by electroschematics.com
[3] Automationhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Automation [4] Measuring Room temperature using LM 35
Temperature Sensor with Arduino by Microcontroller Projects
[5] ArduinoUno,https://www.arduino.cc/en/Main/Arduin oBoardUno