nortel bs425

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Part No. 320985-A November 2005

4655 Great America Parkway Santa Clara, CA 95054

320985-A

System Configuration Guide

Nortel Ethernet Switches 325 and 425

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Copyright © 2005 Nortel Networks. All rights reserved.

The information in this document is subject to change without notice. The statements, configurations, technical data, and recommendations in this document are believed to be accurate and reliable, but are presented without express or implied warranty. Users must take full responsibility for their applications of any products specified in this document. The information in this document is proprietary to Nortel Networks.

The software described in this document is furnished under a license agreement and may be used only in accordance with the terms of that license. The software license agreement is included in this document.

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*Nortel, Nortel Networks, the Nortel logo, the Globemark, Unified Networks, and BayStack are trademarks of Nortel Networks.

Adobe and Adobe Reader are trademarks of Adobe Systems Incorporated. Microsoft, Windows, and Windows NT are trademarks of Microsoft Corporation. The asterisk after a name denotes a trademarked item.

Restricted rights legend

Use, duplication, or disclosure by the United States Government is subject to restrictions as set forth in subparagraph (c)(1)(ii) of the Rights in Technical Data and Computer Software clause at DFARS 252.227-7013.

Notwithstanding any other license agreement that may pertain to, or accompany the delivery of, this computer software, the rights of the United States Government regarding its use, reproduction, and disclosure are as set forth in the Commercial Computer Software-Restricted Rights clause at FAR 52.227-19.

Statement of conditions

In the interest of improving internal design, operational function, and/or reliability, Nortel Networks reserves the right to make changes to the products described in this document without notice.

Nortel Networks does not assume any liability that may occur due to the use or application of the product(s) or circuit layout(s) described herein.

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MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.

In addition, the program and information contained herein are licensed only pursuant to a license agreement that contains restrictions on use and disclosure (that may incorporate by reference certain limitations and notices imposed by third parties).

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Nortel Networks software license agreement

This Software License Agreement (“License Agreement”) is between you, the end-user (“Customer”) and Nortel Networks Corporation and its subsidiaries and affiliates (“Nortel Networks”). PLEASE READ THE FOLLOWING CAREFULLY. YOU MUST ACCEPT THESE LICENSE TERMS IN ORDER TO DOWNLOAD AND/OR USE THE SOFTWARE. USE OF THE SOFTWARE CONSTITUTES YOUR ACCEPTANCE OF THIS LICENSE

AGREEMENT. If you do not accept these terms and conditions, return the Software, unused and in the original shipping container, within 30 days of purchase to obtain a credit for the full purchase price.

“Software” is owned or licensed by Nortel Networks, its parent or one of its subsidiaries or affiliates, and is copyrighted and licensed, not sold. Software consists of machine-readable instructions, its components, data, audio-visual content (such as images, text, recordings or pictures) and related licensed materials including all whole or partial copies. Nortel Networks grants you a license to use the Software only in the country where you acquired the Software. You obtain no rights other than those granted to you under this License Agreement. You are responsible for the selection of the Software and for the installation of, use of, and results obtained from the Software.

1. Licensed Use of Software. Nortel Networks grants Customer a nonexclusive license to use a copy of the Software on only one machine at any one time or to the extent of the activation or authorized usage level, whichever is applicable. To the extent Software is furnished for use with designated hardware or Customer furnished equipment (“CFE”), Customer is granted a nonexclusive license to use Software only on such hardware or CFE, as applicable. Software contains trade secrets and Customer agrees to treat Software as confidential information using the same care and discretion Customer uses with its own similar information that it does not wish to disclose, publish or disseminate. Customer will ensure that anyone who uses the Software does so only in compliance with the terms of this Agreement. Customer shall not a) use, copy, modify, transfer or distribute the Software except as expressly authorized; b) reverse assemble, reverse compile, reverse engineer or otherwise translate the Software; c) create derivative works or

modifications unless expressly authorized; or d) sublicense, rent or lease the Software. Licensors of intellectual property to Nortel Networks are beneficiaries of this provision. Upon termination or breach of the license by Customer or in the event designated hardware or CFE is no longer in use, Customer will promptly return the Software to Nortel Networks or certify its destruction. Nortel Networks may audit by remote polling or other reasonable means to determine Customer’s Software activation or usage levels. If suppliers of third party software included in Software require Nortel Networks to include additional or different terms, Customer agrees to abide by such terms provided by Nortel Networks with respect to such third party software.

2. Warranty. Except as may be otherwise expressly agreed to in writing between Nortel Networks and Customer, Software is provided “AS IS” without any warranties (conditions) of any kind. NORTEL NETWORKS DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES (CONDITIONS) FOR THE SOFTWARE, EITHER EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND ANY WARRANTY OF NON-INFRINGEMENT. Nortel Networks is not obligated to provide support of any kind for the Software. Some jurisdictions do not allow exclusion of implied warranties, and, in such event, the above exclusions may not apply.

3. Limitation of Remedies. IN NO EVENT SHALL NORTEL NETWORKS OR ITS AGENTS OR SUPPLIERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY OF THE FOLLOWING: a) DAMAGES BASED ON ANY THIRD PARTY CLAIM; b) LOSS OF, OR DAMAGE TO, CUSTOMER’S RECORDS, FILES OR DATA; OR c) DIRECT, INDIRECT, SPECIAL,

INCIDENTAL, PUNITIVE, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING LOST PROFITS OR SAVINGS), WHETHER IN CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE) ARISING OUT OF YOUR USE OF THE SOFTWARE, EVEN IF NORTEL NETWORKS, ITS AGENTS OR SUPPLIERS HAVE BEEN ADVISED OF THEIR POSSIBILITY. The foregoing limitations of remedies also apply to any developer and/or supplier of the Software. Such developer and/or supplier is an intended beneficiary of this Section. Some jurisdictions do not allow these limitations or exclusions and, in such event, they may not apply.

4. General

a. If Customer is the United States Government, the following paragraph shall apply: All Nortel Networks Software available under this License Agreement is commercial computer software and commercial computer software documentation and, in the event Software is licensed for or on behalf of the United States

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Government, the respective rights to the software and software documentation are governed by Nortel Networks standard commercial license in accordance with U.S. Federal Regulations at 48 C.F.R. Sections 12.212 (for non-DoD entities) and 48 C.F.R. 227.7202 (for DoD entities).

b. Customer may terminate the license at any time. Nortel Networks may terminate the license if Customer fails to comply with the terms and conditions of this license. In either event, upon termination, Customer must either return the Software to Nortel Networks or certify its destruction.

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d. Neither party may bring an action, regardless of form, more than two years after the cause of the action arose. e. The terms and conditions of this License Agreement form the complete and exclusive agreement between

Customer and Nortel Networks.

f. This License Agreement is governed by the laws of the country in which Customer acquires the Software. If the Software is acquired in the United States, then this License Agreement is governed by the laws of the state of New York.

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18 Contents Installing an SFP Transceiver . . . 409 Guidelines . . . 410 Product Description . . . 410 Locking/extractor mechanisms . . . 411 SFP labeling . . . 411 SFP models . . . 412 CWDM SFP models . . . 413 Installing SFPs . . . 414 Removing an SFP . . . 415 Technical Specifications . . . 416 SFP specifications . . . 417 SFP physical specifications . . . 417

1000BASE-SX (LC Type) specifications . . . 418

1000BASE-LX (LC Type) specifications . . . 418

1000BASE-SX (MT-RJ Type) specifications . . . 420

CWDM SFP specifications . . . 421

How to get help . . . 423

Hard-copy technical manuals . . . 423

Appendix B Connectors and pin assignments . . . 425

RJ-45 (10BASE-T/100BASE-TX) port connectors . . . 425

MDI and MDI-X devices . . . 426

MDI-X to MDI cable connections . . . 427

MDI-X to MDI-X cable connections . . . 427

DB-9 (RS-232-D) Console/Comm Port connector . . . 428

1000Base-T pinouts for the Ethernet Switch 425 . . . 430

Appendix C Default settings . . . 431

Appendix D Sample BootP configuration file . . . 443 Appendix E

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Contents 19 Command List . . . 447 Appendix F Technical specifications . . . 469 Environmental specifications . . . 469 Electrical parameters . . . 469 Physical dimensions . . . 470 Performance specifications . . . 471 Data rate . . . 471

Network protocol and standards compatibility . . . 472

Safety agency certification . . . 472

Electromagnetic emissions . . . 472

Electromagnetic immunity . . . 473

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Figures

Figure 1 LLDP — how it works . . . 41

Figure 2 Ethernet Switch 325-24G . . . 57

Figure 3 Ethernet Switch 325-24G front panel . . . 57

Figure 4 Ethernet Switch 325-24G LED display panel . . . 60

Figure 5 Ethernet Switch 325-24T back panel . . . 61

Figure 6 Ethernet Switch 425 . . . 67

Figure 7 Ethernet Switch 425-24T front panel . . . 67

Figure 8 Ethernet Switch 425 LED display panel . . . 76

Figure 9 Ethernet Switch 425 back panel . . . 78

Figure 10 Ethernet Switch 325 used as a desktop switch . . . 83

Figure 11 Ethernet Switch 425 used as a desktop switch . . . 84

Figure 12 Ethernet Switch 325 used as a segment switch . . . 85

Figure 13 Ethernet Switch 425 used as a segment switch . . . 86

Figure 14 Configuring power workgroups and a shared media hub . . . 87

Figure 15 Stack up configuration example . . . 90

Figure 16 Stack down configuration example . . . 91

Figure 17 Map of console interface screens . . . 95

Figure 18 Console interface main menu . . . 97

Figure 19 System Characteristics screen . . . 101

Figure 20 Switch Configuration Menu screen . . . 103

Figure 21 MAC Address Security Port Lists screen . . . 107

Figure 22 Port Configuration screen (1 of 2) . . . 110

Figure 23 Port Configuration screen (2 of 2) . . . 111

Figure 24 High Speed Flow Control Configuration . . . 113

Figure 25 Rate Limiting Configuration screen . . . 117

Figure 26 CLI command mode hierarchy . . . 121

Figure 27 Ethernet Switch 425-48T banner . . . 126

Figure 28 Main Menu for Ethernet Switch 425-48T console interface . . . 127

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22 Figures

Figure 30 show sys-info command output . . . 138 Figure 31 show tech command output . . . 139 Figure 32 show tech command output (continued) . . . 140 Figure 33 show tech command output (continued) . . . 141 Figure 34 show stack-info command output . . . 142 Figure 35 show stacking-mode command output . . . 143 Figure 36 show mac-address-table command output . . . 145 Figure 37 mac-address-table aging-time output . . . 146 Figure 38 InstallAnywhere Introduction dialog box . . . 152 Figure 39 License Agreement dialog box . . . 153 Figure 40 Choose Install Set dialog box . . . 153 Figure 41 Feature Sets dialog box . . . 154 Figure 42 Choose Install Folder dialog box . . . 155 Figure 43 Choose Shortcut Folder dialog box . . . 156 Figure 44 Pre-Installation Summary dialog box . . . 157 Figure 45 Install Complete dialog box . . . 158 Figure 46 InstallAnywhere Introduction dialog box . . . 163 Figure 47 License Agreement dialog box . . . 164 Figure 48 Choose Install Set dialog box . . . 165 Figure 49 Feature Sets dialog box . . . 166 Figure 50 Choose Install Folder dialog box . . . 167 Figure 51 Pre-Installation Summary dialog box . . . 168 Figure 52 Installing Java Device Manager dialog box . . . 169 Figure 53 Install Complete dialog box . . . 170 Figure 54 Device Manager window . . . 172 Figure 55 Properties dialog box . . . 173 Figure 56 Open Device dialog box . . . 175 Figure 57 Device view . . . 177 Figure 58 Parts of the Device Manager window . . . 177 Figure 59 Objects in the device view . . . 180 Figure 60 Interface tab . . . 182 Figure 61 Color port legend . . . 183 Figure 62 Switch unit shortcut menu . . . 183 Figure 63 Port shortcut menu . . . 184 Figure 64 Line graph . . . 188

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Figures 23 Figure 65 Area graph . . . 188 Figure 66 Bar graph . . . 189 Figure 67 Pie graph . . . 189 Figure 68 Interface statistics for a single port . . . 190 Figure 69 Interface statistics for multiple ports . . . 190 Figure 70 Statistics dialog box for a port . . . 192 Figure 71 Web-based management home page . . . 195 Figure 72 Web-based management interface home page . . . 200 Figure 73 Menu . . . 201 Figure 74 Console page . . . 204 Figure 75 Switch Information page . . . 206 Figure 76 Stack Information page . . . 208 Figure 77 Stack Numbering Setting page . . . 210 Figure 78 Identify Unit Numbers page . . . 211 Figure 79 IP Configuration/Setup screen . . . 214 Figure 80 SNMP Configuration screen . . . 219 Figure 81 System Characteristics screen . . . 221 Figure 82 Console/Comm Port Configuration screen . . . 224 Figure 83 Login screen . . . 231 Figure 84 Renumber Stack Units screen. . . . 232 Figure 85 Hardware Unit Information screen . . . 234 Figure 86 TELNET Configuration screen . . . 235 Figure 87 Software Download screen for an Ethernet Switch 325/425 stack . . . 239 Figure 88 Configuration File menu . . . 241 Figure 89 Configuration File Download/Upload screen . . . 242 Figure 90 ASCII Configuration File Download screen . . . 245 Figure 91 Autosave Configuration screen . . . 247 Figure 92 show ip command output . . . 256 Figure 93 show ip address command output . . . 257 Figure 94 ping command responses . . . 260 Figure 95 show ip dns command output . . . 262 Figure 96 ping command responses . . . 263 Figure 97 show config-network command . . . 268 Figure 98 Output of the show running-config command . . . 269 Figure 99 show terminal command output . . . 271

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24 Figures

Figure 100 show cli command output . . . 273 Figure 101 show sys-info command output . . . 274 Figure 102 show tftp-server command output . . . 277 Figure 103 show arp-table command output . . . 282 Figure 104 show interfaces names command output . . . 283 Figure 105 show interfaces command output . . . 284 Figure 106 show interfaces config command output . . . 285 Figure 107 show autosave command output . . . 288 Figure 108 show sntp command output . . . 290 Figure 109 show clock time-zone output . . . 296 Figure 110 show clock summer-time . . . 297 Figure 111 show autotopology settings command output . . . 299 Figure 112 show autotopology nmm-table command output . . . 299 Figure 113 show lldp local-sys-data command output . . . 308 Figure 114 show lldp mgmt-sys-data command output . . . 309 Figure 115 show lldp stats command output . . . 309 Figure 116 show lldp port neighbor command output . . . 310 Figure 117 show lldp port neighbor-mgmt-addr command output . . . 311 Figure 118 show lldp port rx-stats command output . . . 311 Figure 119 show lldp port tx-stats command output . . . 312 Figure 120 show lldp port tx-tlv command output . . . 312 Figure 121 ui-button enable command output . . . 313 Figure 122 show ui-button command output . . . 314 Figure 123 download message for Ethernet Switch 425-48T . . . 317 Figure 124 shutdown [port <portlist>] command output . . . 320 Figure 125 show rate-limit command output . . . 329 Figure 126 show auto-negotiation-advertisements command output . . . 332 Figure 127 show auto-negotiation-capabilities command output . . . 333 Figure 128 Unit dialog box . . . 338 Figure 129 Rate Limit tab . . . 339 Figure 130 Globals tab . . . 340 Figure 131 Edit IP dialog box — IP Address tab . . . 341 Figure 132 Edit IP dialog box — ARP tab . . . 342 Figure 133 Edit Chassis dialog box — System tab . . . 344 Figure 134 Edit Chassis dialog box — Base Unit Info tab . . . 346

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Figures 25 Figure 135 Edit Chassis dialog box — Stack Info tab . . . 348 Figure 136 Edit Chassis dialog box — Agent tab . . . 350 Figure 137 Edit Chassis dialog box — Power Supply tab . . . 351 Figure 138 Edit Chassis dialog box — Fan tab . . . 352 Figure 139 Edit Chassis dialog box — Banner tab . . . 354 Figure 140 Telnet window with default banner . . . 355 Figure 141 Telnet window without banner . . . 356 Figure 142 Edit Chassis dialog box — Custom Banner tab . . . 357 Figure 143 Telnet window with custom banner . . . 358 Figure 144 FileSystem - Config/Image/Diag File tab dialog box . . . 359 Figure 145 File system - ASCII Config File dialog box . . . 361 Figure 146 SNTP dialog box . . . 363 Figure 147 Diagnostics dialog box — Topology tab . . . 365 Figure 148 Diagnostics dialog box — Topology Table tab . . . 366 Figure 149 Port dialog box — Interface tab . . . 369 Figure 150 Interface tab fields for multiple ports . . . 372 Figure 151 System Information page . . . 376 Figure 152 Quick Start page . . . 378 Figure 153 Reset page message . . . 380 Figure 154 Reset page . . . 380 Figure 155 Reset to Default page message . . . 381 Figure 156 Reset to Default page . . . 382 Figure 157 Logout message . . . 382 Figure 158 IP page . . . 386 Figure 159 System page . . . 389 Figure 160 Port Management page . . . 391 Figure 161 High Speed Flow Control page . . . 393 Figure 162 Software Download page . . . 394 Figure 163 Ascii Configuration file download page . . . 396 Figure 164 Configuration File Download/Upload page . . . 398 Figure 165 Console/Communication Port page . . . 401 Figure 166 Rate Limiting page . . . 402 Figure 167 Locking/extractor mechanism . . . 411 Figure 168 Nortel SFP label . . . 412 Figure 169 Inserting an SFP . . . 415

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26 Figures

Figure 170 Removing an SFP . . . 416 Figure 171 RJ-45 (8-pin modular) port connector . . . 425 Figure 172 MDI-X to MDI cable connections . . . 427 Figure 173 MDI-X to MDI-X cable connections . . . 428 Figure 174 DB-9 Console port connector . . . 428

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Tables

Table 1 VLAN Tagging mode definitions . . . 51 Table 2 Components on the Ethernet Switch 325 switch front panel . . . 58 Table 3 Ethernet Switch 325-24G LED descriptions . . . 60 Table 4 Components on the Ethernet Switch 325 back panel . . . 61 Table 5 International power cord specifications . . . 62 Table 6 Components of the Ethernet Switch 425-24T front panel . . . 68 Table 7 UI button LEDs on the Ethernet Switch 425-24T . . . 71 Table 8 UI button LED display during change in IP address and subnet mask . . . 74 Table 9 Ethernet Switch 425 LED descriptions . . . 76 Table 10 Components on the Ethernet Switch 425 back panel . . . 78 Table 11 International power cord specifications . . . 79 Table 12 Stack up configuration description . . . 90 Table 13 Stack down configuration description . . . 91 Table 14 Console interface main menu options . . . 97 Table 15 System Characteristics screen fields . . . 101 Table 16 Switch Configuration Menu options . . . 104 Table 17 Port Configuration screen fields . . . 111 Table 18 High Speed Flow Control Configuration screen fields . . . 113 Table 19 Rate Limiting Configuration screen fields . . . 117 Table 20 Command mode prompts and entrance/exit commands . . . 122 Table 21 Keystroke navigation . . . 129 Table 22 configure command parameters and variables . . . 133 Table 23 interface command parameters and variables . . . 133 Table 24 shutdown command parameters and variables . . . 136 Table 25 reload command parameters and variables . . . 137 Table 26 show mac-address-table command parameters and variables . . . 144 Table 27 mac-address-table aging-time command parameters and variables . . . 145 Table 28 Properties dialog box fields . . . 173 Table 29 SNMP community string default values . . . 175

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28 Tables

Table 30 Open Device dialog box fields . . . 176 Table 31 Menu bar commands . . . 178 Table 32 Toolbar buttons . . . 179 Table 33 Selecting multiple objects . . . 181 Table 34 Port color codes . . . 183 Table 35 Switch unit shortcut menu command . . . 184 Table 36 Port shortcut menu commands . . . 184 Table 37 Device Manager buttons . . . 185 Table 38 Types of statistics . . . 187 Table 39 Graph dialog box buttons . . . 193 Table 40 Help file locations . . . 197 Table 41 Main headings and options . . . 202 Table 42 Menu icons . . . 203 Table 43 Page icons . . . 205 Table 44 Switch Information page fields . . . 206 Table 45 Stack Information page fields . . . 208 Table 46 Stack Numbering Setting page fields . . . 210 Table 47 IP Configuration/Setup screen fields . . . 215 Table 48 SNMP Configuration screen fields . . . 220 Table 49 System Characteristics screen fields . . . 222 Table 50 Console/Comm Port Configuration screen fields . . . 225 Table 51 Renumber Stack Units screen fields . . . 233 Table 52 TELNET/SNMP/Web Access Configuration screen fields . . . 235 Table 53 Software Download screen fields . . . 239 Table 54 Configuration File Download/Upload screen fields . . . 242 Table 55 Parameters not saved to the configuration file . . . 244 Table 56 ASCII Configuration File Download/Upload screen fields . . . 245 Table 57 Autosave Configuration screen fields . . . 247 Table 58 ip address command parameters and variables . . . 253 Table 59 no ip address command parameters and variables . . . 253 Table 60 ip default-gateway command parameters and variables . . . 254 Table 61 show ip command parameters and variables . . . 255 Table 62 show ip address command parameters and variables . . . 256 Table 63 ip address unit command parameters and variables . . . 257 Table 64 no ip address unit command parameters and variables . . . 258

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Tables 29 Table 65 default ip address unit command parameters and variables . . . 259 Table 66 ping command parameters and variables . . . 260 Table 67 ping command parameters and variables . . . 263 Table 68 ip name-server command parameters and variables . . . 264 Table 69 no ip name-server command parameters and variables . . . 264 Table 70 ip domain-name command parameters and variables . . . 265 Table 71 configure network command parameters and variables . . . 267 Table 72 copy running-config tftp command parameters and variables . . . 270 Table 73 terminal command parameters and variables . . . 272 Table 74 show cli command parameters and variables . . . 272 Table 75 boot command parameters and variables . . . 275 Table 76 ip bootp server command parameters and variables . . . 275 Table 77 tftp-server command parameters and variables . . . 277 Table 78 copy config tftp command parameters and variables . . . 278 Table 79 copy tftp config command parameters and variables . . . 279 Table 80 cmd-interface command parameters and variables . . . 280 Table 81 banner command parameters . . . 281 Table 82 show banner command parameters . . . 281 Table 83 show interfaces command parameters and variables . . . 283 Table 84 show interfaces config command parameters and variables . . . 285 Table 85 sntp server primary address command parameters and variables . . . 291 Table 86 sntp server secondary address command parameters and variables . . 292 Table 87 no sntp server command parameters and variables . . . 292 Table 88 sntp sync-interval command parameters and variables . . . 293 Table 89 clock time-zone command parameters and variables . . . 294 Table 90 clock summer-time command parameters and variables . . . 295 Table 91 lldp command parameters and variables . . . 301 Table 92 default lldp command parameters and variables . . . 301 Table 93 lldp port config notification command parameters and variables . . . 302 Table 94 no lldp port config notification command parameters and variables . . . . 303 Table 95 no lldp port config notification command parameters and variables . . . . 303 Table 96 lldp tx-tlv command parameters and variables . . . 304 Table 97 no lldp tx-tlv command parameters and variables . . . 304 Table 98 default lldp tx-tlv command parameters and variables . . . 305 Table 99 lldp port status command parameters and variables . . . 306

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30 Tables

Table 100 no lldp port status command parameters and variables . . . 306 Table 101 default lldp port status command parameters and variables . . . 307 Table 102 show lldp command parameters and variables . . . 307 Table 103 show lldp port command parameters and variables . . . 310 Table 104 blink-leds command parameters and variables . . . 313 Table 105 download command parameters and variables . . . 316 Table 106 shutdown [port <portlist>] command parameters and variables . . . 320 Table 107 no shutdown command parameters and variables . . . 321 Table 108 name command parameters and variables . . . 322 Table 109 no name command parameters and variables . . . 322 Table 110 default name command parameters and variables . . . 323 Table 111 speed command parameters and variables . . . 324 Table 112 default speed command parameters and variables . . . 325 Table 113 duplex command parameters and variables . . . 325 Table 114 default duplex command parameters and variables . . . 326 Table 115 flowcontrol command parameters and variables . . . 327 Table 116 no flowcontrol command parameters and variables . . . 328 Table 117 default flowcontrol command parameters and variables . . . 328 Table 118 rate-limit command parameters and variables . . . 330 Table 119 show auto-negotiation-advertisements command . . . 332 Table 120 show auto-negotiation-capabilities command . . . 333 Table 121 auto-negotiation-advertisements command . . . 334 Table 122 no auto-negotiation-advertisements command . . . 334 Table 123 default auto-negotiation-advertisements command . . . 335 Table 124 Unit tab fields . . . 338 Table 125 Rate Limit tab fields . . . 339 Table 126 Globals tab fields . . . 340 Table 127 Addresses tab fields . . . 341 Table 128 ARP tab fields . . . 342 Table 129 System tab fields . . . 344 Table 130 Base Unit Info tab fields . . . 347 Table 131 Stack Info tab fields . . . 348 Table 132 Agent tab fields . . . 350 Table 133 Power Supply tab fields . . . 351 Table 134 Fan tab fields . . . 353

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Tables 31 Table 135 FileSystem Config/Image/Diag file dialog box fields . . . 359 Table 136 ASCII Config File tab fields . . . 361 Table 137 SNTP dialog box fields . . . 363 Table 138 Topology tab fields . . . 365 Table 139 Topology Table tab fields . . . 366 Table 140 Interface tab fields for a single port . . . 370 Table 141 Interface tab fields for multiple ports . . . 372 Table 142 System Information page items . . . 376 Table 143 Items on the Quick Start page . . . 378 Table 144 IP page items . . . 387 Table 145 System page items . . . 390 Table 146 Port Management page items . . . 391 Table 147 High Speed Flow Control page items . . . 393 Table 148 Software Download page fields . . . 395 Table 149 LED Indications during the software download process . . . 396 Table 150 Ascii Configuration file download page items . . . 397 Table 151 Configuration File Setting items . . . 398 Table 152 Parameters not saved to the configuration file . . . 399 Table 153 Console/Communication Port page items . . . 401 Table 154 Rate Limiting page items . . . 402 Table 155 Corrective actions . . . 407 Table 156 1000BASE-SFP models . . . 412 Table 157 Nortel CWDM SFP transceiver list . . . 413 Table 158 Technical specifications for 1000BASE-SX, and 1000BASE-LX SFPs . 417 Table 159 1000BASE-SX SFP specifications . . . 418 Table 160 1000BASE-LX SFP specifications . . . 419 Table 161 1000BASE-SX SFP specifications . . . 420 Table 162 CWDM SFP (70 km) specifications . . . 421 Table 163 CWDM SFP (40 km) specifications . . . 422 Table 164 RJ-45 port connector pin assignments . . . 426 Table 165 DB-9 Console port connector pin assignments . . . 429 Table 166 Pin descriptions for 1000Base-T pinouts . . . 430 Table 167 Factory default settings . . . 431 Table 168 CLI command list . . . 447 Table 169 Environmental specifications . . . 469

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32 Tables

Table 170 Electrical parameters . . . 469 Table 171 Physical dimensions of the Ethernet Switch 325 . . . 470 Table 172 Physical dimensions of the Ethernet Switch 425 . . . 470 Table 173 Performance specifications of the Ethernet Switch 325 . . . 471 Table 174 Performance specifications of the Ethernet Switch 425 . . . 471

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Preface

This guide provides information about configuring and managing basic switching features on the Nortel Ethernet Switch 325 and Nortel Ethernet Switch 425. This guide describes the features of the following Nortel switches.

• Nortel Ethernet Switch 325-24T • Nortel Ethernet Switch 325-24G • Nortel Ethernet Switch 425-24T • Nortel Ethernet Switch 425-48T

The term “Ethernet Switch 325/425” is used in this document to describe the features common to the switches mentioned above.

The term “Ethernet Switch 325” is used to describe features of the Ethernet Switch 325-24G and Ethernet Switch 325-24T collectively.

Similarly the term “Ethernet Switch 425” is used to describe the features of the Ethernet Switch 425-24T and the Ethernet Switch 425-48T collectively.

A switch is referred to by its specific name while describing a feature exclusive to the switch.

You can use the Ethernet Switch 425-24T and the Ethernet Switch 425-48T in the standalone and stack configuration mode. The Ethernet Switch 325 operates only in the standalone mode.

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34 Preface

Before you begin

This guide is intended for network administrators who have the following background:

• basic knowledge of networks, Ethernet bridging, and IP routing • familiarity with networking concepts and terminology

• basic knowledge of network topologies

Text conventions

This guide uses the following text conventions:

angle brackets (< >) Indicate that you choose the text to enter based on the description inside the brackets. Do not type the brackets when entering the command.

Example: If the command syntax is ping <ip_address>, you enter ping 192.32.10.12

bold body text Indicates objects such as window names, dialog box names, and icons, as well as user interface objects such as buttons, tabs, and menu items.

braces ({}) Indicate required elements in syntax descriptions where there is more than one option. You must choose only one of the options. Do not type the braces when entering the command.

Example: If the command syntax is

show ip {alerts|routes}, you must enter either show ip alerts or show ip routes, but not both. brackets ([ ]) Indicate optional elements in syntax descriptions. Do

not type the brackets when entering the command. Example: If the command syntax is

show ip interfaces [-alerts], you can enter either show ip interfaces or

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Preface 35

Related publications

For more information about using the Ethernet Switch 325/425, refer to the following publications:

• Release Notes for the Nortel Ethernet Switch 325/425, Software Release 3.6

(217155-C)

Documents important changes about the software and hardware that are not covered in other related publications.

• Configuring VLANs, Spanning Tree, and MultiLink Trunking for Nortel Ethernet Switches 325 and 425, Software Release 3.6 (320986-A)

Describes how to configure Virtual Local Area Networks (VLAN), Spanning Tree Protocol (STP), and MultiLink Trunk (MLT) features for the Nortel Ethernet Switches 325 and 425.

italic text Indicates variables in command syntax descriptions.

Also indicates new terms and book titles. Where a variable is two or more words, the words are connected by an underscore.

Example: If the command syntax is show at <valid_route>,

valid_routeis one variable and you substitute one value for it.

plain Courier text

Indicates command syntax and system output, for example, prompts and system messages.

Example: Set Trap Monitor Filters separator ( > ) Shows menu paths.

Example: Protocols > IP identifies the IP command on the Protocols menu.

vertical line (

|

) Separates choices for command keywords and arguments. Enter only one of the choices. Do not type the vertical line when entering the command.

Example: If the command syntax is

show ip {alerts|routes}, you enter either show ip alerts or show ip routes, but not both.

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36 Preface

• Configuring QoS for Nortel Ethernet Switches 325 and 425, Software Release 3.6 (320987-A)

Describes how to configure and manage Quality of Service and IP Filtering features for the Nortel Ethernet Switches 325 and 425.

• Configuring and Managing Security for Nortel Ethernet Switches 325 and 425, Software Release 3.6 (320988-A)

Describes how to configure and manage security for the Nortel Ethernet Switches 325 and 425.

• System Monitoring Guide for Nortel Ethernet Switches 325 and 425, Software Release 3.6 (320989-A)

Describes how to configure system logging and network monitoring, and how to display system statistics for the Nortel Ethernet Switches 325 and 425. • Configuring IP Multicast for Nortel Ethernet Switches 325 and 425, Software

Release 3.6 (320990-A)

Describes how to configure IP Multicast Routing Protocol features for the Nortel Ethernet Switches 325 and 425.

You can print selected technical manuals and release notes free, directly from Internet. Go to www.nortel.com/support. Find the product for which you need documentation. Then locate the specific category and model or version for your hardware or software product. Use Adobe* Reader* to open the manuals and release notes, search for the sections you need, and print them on most standard printers. Go to www.adobe.com to download a free copy of Adobe Reader.

How to get help

This section explains how to get help for Nortel products and services.

Getting help from the Nortel web site

The best way to get technical support for Nortel products is from the Nortel Technical Support web site:

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Preface 37 This site provides quick access to software, documentation, bulletins, and tools to address issues with Nortel products. More specifically, the site enables you to: • download software, documentation, and product bulletins

• search the Technical Support web site and the Nortel Knowledge Base for answers to technical issues

• sign up for automatic notification of new software and documentation for Nortel equipment

• open and manage technical support cases

Getting help through a Nortel distributor or reseller

If you purchased a service contract for your Nortel product from a distributor or authorized reseller, contact the technical support staff for that distributor or reseller.

Getting help over the phone from a Nortel Solutions Center

If you do not find the information you require on the Nortel Technical Support web site, and have a Nortel support contract, you can also get help over the phone from a Nortel Solutions Center.

In North America, call 1-800-4NORTEL (1-800-466-7835).

Outside North America, go to the following web site to obtain the phone number for your region:

www.nortel.com/callus

Getting help from a specialist by using an Express Routing

Code

An Express Routing Code (ERC) is available for many Nortel products and services. When you use an ERC, your call is routed to a technical support person who specializes in supporting that product or service. To locate the ERC for your product or service, go to:

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Chapter 1 About Ethernet Switches 325 and 425

This chapter provides an introduction to the Ethernet switch software release 3.6. This version of the Ethernet switch software supports the following devices: • Ethernet Switch 325

• Ethernet Switch 425

This chapter describes the hardware components and features of the Ethernet Switch 325/425, and covers the following topics:

• “New features in software release 3.6”

• “Hardware components of the Ethernet Switch 325” on page 57 • “Hardware components of the Ethernet Switch 425” on page 67 • “Network configuration examples” on page 83

• “Stack operation” on page 87

New features in software release 3.6

The Ethernet Switch 325/425 provides wire-speed switching for high-performance, low-cost connections to full-duplex and half-duplex 10/100/1000 Mb/s Ethernet Local Area Networks (LANs).

The following is the list of new features introduced in the Ethernet Switch 325/ 425 software release 3.6.

• “Link Layer Discovery Protocol (IEEE 802.1ab)” on page 40 • “Ethernet Switch 425-48T stacking support” on page 44 • “Username and password enhancement” on page 44

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40 Chapter 1 About Ethernet Switches 325 and 425

• “Radius password fallback enhancement” on page 45 • “SNMP trap port enhancement” on page 46

• “EAPoL with Guest VLAN” on page 46 • “shutdown command” on page 46 • “reload command” on page 47

• “show mac-address-table enhancement” on page 48 • “restore factory-default command” on page 48 • “Ping enhancement” on page 49

• “show interfaces config command” on page 49 • “Autosave enable/disable enhancement” on page 49 • “Download without reset” on page 50

• “write memory and save config commands” on page 50 • “Daylight savings time enhancement” on page 50 • “BootP when needed as default” on page 51 • “VLAN tagging enhancement” on page 51 • “VLAN Configuration Control” on page 52 • “Port mirroring configuration rules” on page 53

Link Layer Discovery Protocol (IEEE 802.1ab)

Release 3.6 software supports the Link Layer Discovery Protocol (LLDP) (IEEE 802.1ab), which allows stations connected to a LAN to advertise their capabilities to each other, enabling the discovery of physical topology information for network management. LLDP-compatible stations can consist of any

interconnection device including PCs, IP Phones, switches, and routers. Each LLDP station stores LLDP information in a standard Management Information Base (MIB), making it possible for the information to be accessed by a network management system (NMS) or application.

Each LLDP station:

• advertises connectivity and management information about the local station to adjacent stations on the same 802 LAN (802.3 Ethernet with Ethernet Switches 325 and 425).

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Chapter 1 About Ethernet Switches 325 and 425 41 • receives network management information from adjacent stations on the same

LAN.

LLDP also makes it possible to discover certain configuration inconsistencies or malfunctions that can result in impaired communications at higher layers. For example, it can be used to discover duplex mismatches between an IP Phone and the connected switch.

LLDP is compatible with IETF PROTO MIB (IETF RFC 2922). Figure 1 shows an example of how LLDP works in a network. Figure 1 LLDP — how it works

1 The Ethernet Switch and router advertise chassis/port IDs and system descriptions to each other.

2 The devices store the information about each other in local MIB databases, accessible using SNMP.

3 A network management system retrieves the data stored by each device and builds a network topology map.

TM Ethernet Switch 425 IP Phone Management Workstation Router 1 3 3 2 2

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LLDP operational modes

LLDP is a one-way protocol. An LLDP agent can transmit information about the capabilities and current status of the system associated with its MAC service access point (MSAP) identifier. The LLDP agent can also receive information about the capabilities and current status of the system associated with a remote MSAP identifier. However, LLDP agents cannot solicit information from each other.

You can set the local LLDP agent to transmit only, receive only, or to both transmit and receive LLDP information. You can configure the state for LLDP reception and transmission using SNMP or CLI commands.

Connectivity and management information

The information fields in each LLDP frame are contained in a Link Layer Discovery Protocol Data Unit (LLDPDU) as a sequence of short, variable length, information elements known as TLVs (type, length, value).

Each LLDPDU includes the following four mandatory TLVs: • Chassis ID TLV

• Port ID TLV • Time To Live TLV • End Of LLDPDU TLV

The chassis ID and the port ID values are concatenated to form a logical MSAP identifier that is used by the recipient to identify the sending LLDP agent and port. A non-zero value in the Time to Live (TTL) field of the TTL TLV indicates to the receiving LLDP agent how long the LLDPDU information from the MSAP identifier remains valid. All LLDPDU information is automatically discarded by the receiving LLDP agent if the sender fails to update it in a timely manner. A zero value in TTL field of Time To Live TLV tells the receiving LLDP agent to discard the information associated with the LLDPDU MSAP identifier.

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Chapter 1 About Ethernet Switches 325 and 425 43 In addition to the four mandatory TLVs, Release 3.6 software supports the basic management TLV set. You can specify which of these optional TLVs to include in the transmitted LLDPDUs for each port.

The optional management TLVs are as follows: • Port Description TLV

• System Name TLV • System Description TLV

• System Capabilities TLV (indicates both the system supported capabilities and enabled capabilities, such as end station, bridge, or router)

• Management Address TLV

Transmitting LLDPDUs

When a transmit cycle is initiated, the LLDP manager extracts the managed objects from the LLDP local system MIB and formats this information into TLVs. The TLVs are then inserted into the LLDPDU.

LLDPDU are regularly transmitted at a user-configurable transmit interval (tx-delay), or when any of the variables contained in the LLPDU is modified on the local system (such as system name or management address). Tx-delay is the minimum delay between successive LLDP frame transmissions.

TLV system MIBs

The LLDP local system MIB stores the information for constructing the various TLVs to be sent. The LLDP remote systems MIB stores the information received from remote LLDP agents.

LLDPDU and TLV error handling

LLDPDUs and TLVs that contain detectable errors are discarded. TLVs that are not recognized, but that also contain no basic format errors, are assumed to be validated and are stored for possible later retrieval by network management.

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Configuring LLDP using the CLI

For information about configuring LLDP using the CLI, refer to “Configuring LLDP using the CLI” on page 300.

Ethernet Switch 425-48T stacking support

With Release 3.6 software, the Ethernet Switch 425-48T can be stacked together with the Ethernet Switch 425-24T up to eight units high. You can stack the units using the Ethernet Switch 425 stack cables, which are available in 30 cm (1 foot) and 1 m (3 foot) lengths. These cables can be ordered separately (order number AL2018005 and AL2018006, respectively).

For more information about stacking the Ethernet Switch 425-48T and Ethernet Switch 425-24T devices, see “Stack operation” on page 87.

Username and password enhancement

With Release 3.6 software, you can use the CLI to set usernames as well as passwords for system access through the Console Interface, CLI, Telnet, and Web-based management. The syntax for the new username command is: username <username> <password> [ro|rw]

Note: With Release 3.6 software, the Ethernet Switches 425-24T and

425-48T have stacking enabled by default, which means that ports 26 and 50, respectively, are disabled by default. This is because the cascade port shares resources with port 26 on the Ethernet Switch 425-24T and port 50 on the Ethernet Switch 425-48T. Either the cascade port can be active, or port 26 or 50 can be active.

If you want to use port 26 or port 50 in standalone mode, disable stacking and reboot the switch.

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Chapter 1 About Ethernet Switches 325 and 425 45 If you set a password using the cli password command, the Console/Comm

Port Configuration screen, or the Password Setting Web-based management

page, the next time you log in to the switch, you are prompted to enter a valid username. Therefore, ensure you are aware of the valid usernames (default RW and RO) before you change passwords.

For more information, refer to Configuring and Managing Security for Nortel

Ethernet Switches 325 and 425, Software Release 3.6 (320988-A).

Radius password fallback enhancement

With Release 3.6 software, you can configure RADIUS password fallback as an option when you use RADIUS authentication for login and password.

When RADIUS password fallback is enabled and the RADIUS server is

unavailable or unreachable, you can use the local switch or stack password to log in to the switch or stack.

When RADIUS password fallback is disabled, you must specify the RADIUS username and password from the NetLogin screen. You cannot log in to the switch or stack unless the RADIUS server is configured and reachable in order to authenticate the login and password.

The Radius password fallback feature is disabled by default.

You can use the Console Interface or the radius-server password fallback CLI command to enable this feature.

For more information, refer to Configuring and Managing Security for Nortel

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SNMP trap port enhancement

The SNMP trap port enhancement allows you to configure the SNMP trap port. The default SNMP trap port used for communicating with the trap receiver is port 162. You can now configure a different SNMP trap port using the following CLI command:

snmp-server host <host-ip> [port <1-65535>] {<community-string>|v2c <community-string>| v3 {auth|no-auth|auth-priv} <username>}

For more information, see Configuring and Managing Security for Nortel

EAPoL with Guest VLAN

Prior to Release 3.6, EAP (802.1x) Authentication supported Port Based User Access. At any time, only one user (MAC) could be authenticated on a port, and the port could be assigned to only one Port-based VLAN. Only the MAC address of the device/user that completed the EAP negotiations on the port had access to that port for traffic. Any tagging of ingress packets would be to the PVID of that port. This remains the default configuration.

With Software Release 3.6, EAP also allows Guest VLANs to be configured for access to that port. Any active VLAN can be made a Guest VLAN.

For more information, see Configuring and Managing Security for Nortel

shutdown command

The shutdown CLI command allows you to safely shut down and power off the switch. Once the shutdown command is initiated, the switch saves the current configuration, allowing you to power off the switch within the specified time period (1 to 60 minutes). If the switch is not powered off within the allotted time, the switch performs a reset.

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Chapter 1 About Ethernet Switches 325 and 425 47 For more information, see “shutdown command for the unit” on page 134.

reload command

The reload CLI command provides you with a configuration rollback mechanism to prevent loss of connectivity to a switch, typically for remote configurations. The reload command allows you to temporarily disable the autosave feature for a specified time period (1 to 60 minutes), allowing you to make a number of configuration changes on remote switches without affecting the current saved configuration.

During the interval in which the autosave feature is disabled by the reload command, you must use the copy config nvram, write mem, or save config command to force a manual save of your configurations.

Once the reload timer expires, the switch reloads the last saved configuration. To abort the switch reload before the timer expires, you must enter the

reload cancel command.

The reload command provides you with a safeguard against any

misconfigurations when you perform dynamic configuration changes on a remote switch.

The following example describes how you can use the reload command to prevent connectivity loss to a remote switch.

1 Enter the CLI command reload force 30. This instructs the switch to reboot in 30 minutes, loading the configuration from NVRAM.

During this 30-minute period, autosave of the configuration to NVRAM is disabled.

2 Execute dynamic switch configuration commands, which take effect immediately. These configurations are not saved to NVRAM.

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3 If the configurations cause no problems and switch connectivity is maintained, you can perform the following:

a Save the current running configuration using the copy config nvram, write mem, or save config command.

b Since the new configuration is working properly, cancel the reload using the reload cancel command.

If you make an error when performing configurations in Step 2 that results in the loss of switch connectivity (for example, an error in the IP address mask, MLT configuration, or VLAN trunking), the reload command provides you with a safeguard: when the reload timer expires, the switch reboots to the last saved configuration, and connectivity is re-established. Therefore, you do not have to travel to the remote site to reconfigure the switch.

For more information, see “reload command” on page 136.

show mac-address-table enhancement

The show mac-address-table CLI command provides the following new parameters: include/exclude <pattern>. These new parameters allow you to filter the results of the command by displaying only those entries in the address table that include or exclude the specified pattern. The value for <pattern> must be a sequence of 1 to 6 bytes in hex, separated by dashes, for example:

show mac-address-table port 1/1-5 address include 00-0E-45-23

For more information, see “show mac-address-table command” on page 144.

restore factory-default command

The restore factory-default CLI command resets the switch or stack back to its default configuration.