Data Center Site Qualification Program. Detailed Site Prospectus

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Data Center Site Qualification Program

Detailed Site Prospectus

Wolpert Greenfield Site

Hilliard, OH

March 2013

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About This Report

This feasibility report was prepared in conjunction with American Electric Power’s (AEP’s) Data Center Site Qualification Program. The program’s objective is the proactive identification and analysis of sites that offer the unique combination of factors desired by today’s mission critical and data center operations. These factors include highly reliable and redundant power and fiber infrastructures, competitive cost structures, and a location insulated from man-made and natural risks.

Biggins Lacy Shapiro & Co., a location economics and site selection firm, has served as lead consultant for the program, together with its affiliated energy services company, Sugarloaf Associates. Engineering and site evaluation services were provided by Intelligent Building Solutions, LLC (IBS), a facilities consulting firm focusing on mission critical projects.

This report was written by IBS using a culmination of their independent analysis of the Wolpert Greenfield Site (WGS) in Hilliard, OH and its suitability for a mission critical facility. The review process included an initial site survey and an in-depth review of supporting documents to ascertain the feasibility to support a test model mission critical facility with 100,000 square feet of raised floor (computer room) designed to current industry specifications for power usage and redundancy.

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Executive Summary

This report examined the potential for mission critical development at the Wolpert Greenfield Site (WGS) in Hilliard, OH. The site is a greenfield site that is approximately 9 miles from downtown Columbus, OH.

The analysis concludes the site is favorable for data center development and it offers strong utility infrastructure Logistically, the Hilliard area offers a temperate climate ideal for “free cooling”. There is a moderate susceptibility to natural disasters and there are several concerns for the potential of man-made disasters effecting the operation of a mission critical facility at the WGS. Although the site is within close proximity to downtown Columbus, public transportation options could be a concern for end users requiring disaster recovery.

The site’s location is appropriate for a stand-alone enterprise user or a colocation facility, and the site will physically accommodate either. For purposes of this analysis, the site was designed with 100,000 square feet of raised floor, also known as “white space.”

Graphics 1.1, 1.2 and 1.3 are maps showing the State of Ohio, Franklin County, Hilliard, OH and the Wolpert Greenfield Site.

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6 WGS Columbus, OH 9 Miles Chicago, IL 268 miles

Graphic 1.4 Map showing WGS relationship to major data center market hubs

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SITE ATTRIBUTES

Wolpert Greenfield Site

A. General Information

Location 4178 Davidson Rd. Hilliard, OH

Type of Site Greenfield Site

Size 47.45 acres

B. Electric Infrastructure

Existing Service Voltage None – 120V Temp Service Mission Critical Facility Service

Voltage

69kV or 138 kV

Proposed In-Service Date 12-18 months from signed letter of intent Design Load Capacity Service in excess of 20MW

C. Fiber Infrastructure

Providers in Vicinity AT&T, Verizon, Cox Communications High Bandwidth (Distance from Site) At Doorstep

D. Other Utilities

Natural Gas Service 4” medium pressure line 55 PSI at street (not dedicated)

Natural Gas Provider Columbia Gas of Ohio

Water Service Yes

Available Water Capacity In excess of 200,000 GPD

Water Provider Columbus Department of Public Utilities

Sewer Yes (Both Combined and Separate Storm

Systems)

Sewer Provider Columbus Department of Public Utilities Available Sewer Capacity In excess of 200,000 GPD

E. Natural Disaster Risk

Seismic Rating Low (See Chapter 5)

Tornado Rating High (See Chapter 5) Other (Flooding) Moderate (See Chapter 5)

F. Man-Made Disaster Risk

Moderate susceptibility to man-made disasters. Six areas of concern have been noted within the report.

Site in Flight Path High concern

Dam Failure Concern in regards to water supply and site access

Oil Pipeline on Property High concern

Traffic Incident Concern for site access and power pole damage

Down Power Lines Aerial distribution is a concern for power continuity

Rail Accident Low concern

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LOCATION EVALUATION

Wolpert Greenfield Site

A. Location

a. Proximity to Major Highways Favorable

b. Proximity to Public Transportation Mixed

c. Distance to Metropolitan Cities (<40 Miles) Very Favorable d. Proximity to Major Financial Market Hubs (< 75 fiber km) Unfavorable

e. Proximity to NYC 564 miles

B. Available Utility Resources

a. High Voltage Electrical Services Very Favorable

b. Water Favorable

c. Natural Gas Favorable to Very Favorable

d. Fiber Connectivity Very Favorable

C. Site Logistics/Security

a. Proximity to Adjoining Buildings/Property Favorable b. Ability to Fence/Secure Property Favorable c. Susceptibility to Natural Disasters Mixed d. Susceptibility to Man-Made Disasters Unfavorable e. Distance from Building Structure to Street Favorable f. Distance from Building Structure to Railroads Favorable g. Access to Public Transportation Mixed

h. Access to Service Vendors (1 hour response time) Mixed to Favorable

i. Access to Fuel Favorable

j. Weather Favorable

k. Air Quality Favorable

D. Property

a. Available Yard Space for Mission Critical Facility Equip. Very Favorable

b. Paved Surfaces/Parking Very Favorable

c. Provisions for Future Expansion Favorable

E. Area Demographics

a. Population Density Favorable

b. Workforce and Talent Pool Favorable

c. Housing Very Favorable

d. Employment and Income Statistics Very Favorable e. Local Government and Services Favorable f. School District and Higher Education Very Favorable

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Chapter 1 - Overview

Data Center Options & Layouts

For illustrative and analytical purposes, a feasibility test was conducted to assess and model the site’s capacity to accommodate a prototypical data center with these attributes:

 Total building size - approximately 188,122 gross square feet (GSF)  Building dimensions - 900’ by 207.5’

 Tilt-up construction with pre-cast concrete walls  Slab to beam clear height - 36’

 Column spacing - 52’ on center longitudinally by 50’ laterally

Two analyses were performed to maximize the building’s white space yield:

1. Enterprise model - In an enterprise model, the objective is to achieve the most amount of power with the highest redundancy.

2. Co-location model - In a co-location model, the objective is to get the most amount of white space at moderate densities. Redundancy is a secondary function.

The layouts illustrated are diagrammatic and are used for graphical representation to show the inherent differences between the enterprise and co-location scenarios. They are not intended to be precise representations. For example, the layouts do not take into account egress and minor inefficient space. However, they do demonstrate a fairly accurate estimate for potential yields and, experience has shown, are accurate to within five percent.

Variables

A number of variables have been factored into the feasibility analysis. Explanations of the key variables follow, while the assumptions used by the models are documented later in this section and Chapter 3.

Density - the amount of power (expressed in watts) used per square foot. Density is

calculated by configuring a cabinet layout/count and multiplying it by the cabinet load then dividing by the amount of white space.

Cabinet Load - the amount of power used by the equipment (servers, storage arrays,

or communication equipment) contained in a given cabinet. Cabinet load is typically calculated using a weighted average. Today’s cabinet average loads run between 2.5 to 7 watts per cabinet.

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Critical Load (also called IT Load) - The amount of power needed to operate the

computing equipment. The total critical load is used to calculate the mechanical requirements, or “essential load.”

Redundancy - System redundancy is expressed in “Tier” levels:

Tier I - No redundancy on the critical (IT) load or the essential load. The

uninterruptible power supply (UPS) is sized for the IT load (N load). There is no redundancy in the mechanical plant. The emergency power system (EPS) -- i.e., the generator -- is sized for the IT and mechanical loads. This system is 99.671% reliable, with 28.84 hours (1,730.41 minutes) of expected downtime per year.

Tier II - N+1 redundancy on the critical load, N+1 redundancy on the essential load.

Single generator EPS plant for full critical and essential load. 99.741% reliable, with 22.70 hours (1362.20 minutes) expected downtime per year.

Tier III - 2N redundancy on the critical load, N+1 redundancy on the essential load.

2N redundancy on the EPS plant. The plant is sized for full critical and essential loads. 99.982% reliable, with 1.57 hours (94.68 minutes) expected downtime per year.

Tier IV - 2N+1 redundancy on the critical load, 2N redundancy on the essential load.

2N+1 redundancy on the EPS plant. The plant is sized for full critical and essential loads. 99.995% reliable, with 26.30 minutes expected downtime per year.

There are several variations that can be applied to these tiers. Financial services facilities are most often modeled with Tier III redundancies. Co-location models are usually based somewhere between Tier I plus and Tier II plus.

Enterprise User Model

As mentioned, the first model used by this analysis was based on a design for a typical enterprise end user. 2N resiliency was assumed throughout the design for critical and essential loads. Models were based on 100W, 120W and 150W per square foot of white space. These variables were then used to calculate the parameters for a “sweet spot” design.

There are two options for the placement of equipment:

1. Contain the majority of the mission critical equipment within the facility.

2. Place the large mission critical equipment, such as generators and the mechanical plant, outside of the building envelope.

In both versions, the best design parameters were at 125W per square foot with 2N resiliency. The indoor option yielded approximately 75,000 square feet of white space

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and the outdoor option yielded approximately 100,000 square feet. The total calculated electrical load was 16,615 kW for the indoor option and 23,171 kW for the outdoor option. (Calculations did not take into account inefficient space and support space such as offices. However, calculations for equipment spacing and rack layouts are rather conservative. Estimates are believed to be within +/- 5%.)

Co-Location Model

The co-location model assumes multiple data halls at approximately 9,900 square feet of white space. The model is based on N+1 redundancy on critical loads and N+1 redundancy on essential loads. Major mission critical equipment is placed outside of the building envelope.

Results of the analysis indicate ten data halls plus additional space for back-of-house program and administrative offices can be arranged to fit inside the current spec build program. This data hall model will result in approximately 18,000 kW of total electrical load.

Graphic 1.6 Enterprise Solution 1 – 75,000 GSF white space - 109,340 GSF mission critical equipment

Mission Critical Equipment 109,340 GSF

75,000 GSF White Space

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Item Enterprise Indoor Option Enterprise Outdoor Option Co-Location Model Total White Space (SF) 75,000 100,000 99,000

Total IT Load (kW) 10,395 14,850 10,968

Total N Mechanical Plant (Tons Cooling)

3,740 5,005 3,920

Total Electrical Load (kW)

16,615 23,171 17,487

Redundancy Criteria 2N 2N 2N

Graphic 1.7 Enterprise Solution 2 – 100,000 GSF white space - 86,240 GSF mission critical equipment – 64,658 GSF reserved for outdoor equipment space

Graphic 1.8 Co-location model with 10ea data halls approx. 9,900 GSF white space each. 99,000 GSF white space total. Program includes provisions for mission critical equipment inside and mission critical equipment yard outside.

Table 1.3 Data center design options

Mission Critical Equipment Outdoor Space 64,658 GSF

Mission Critical Equipment 86,240 GSF

100,000 GSF White Space

Mission Critical Equipment Yard

10ea Co-location Data Halls Approx. 9,900 GSF White Space Each. 99,000 GSF White Space

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Other Considerations

Several scenarios and types of mission critical facilities were analyzed in an attempt to maximize the site’s fullest potential and greatest raised floor (white space) yield. Note, however, that the three biggest upfront hurdles/costs associated with data center development are:

1. The electrical service delivery, 2. The “Fat Pipe” fiber delivery, and

3. Planning permission for the required specialty equipment.

These items must be taken into consideration and incorporated into the site’s pro forma.

Free Cooling

Although not considered in the modeling, the weather, climate and air quality in the Hilliard area are conducive to the possibility of using “free cooling” for a Mission Critical facility. Temperatures and climate are rather mild. Hilliard’s Air Quality Index (as given by the U.S. EPA) is 39 (Good), slightly better than the national average of 40. (Lower numbers indicate less pollution.)

Chapter 2 includes additional details.

Co-Generation

It is estimated that a mission critical facility designed at 100W per square foot would require an electrical service in excess of 20 MW. Co-generation is an entirely plausible alternative for power and cooling at this location. A “Combined Heat and Power” co- generation system (CHP) could be an alternative technology to augment the power requirements for the development. In a CHP system, electricity is generated by a primary fuel source such as oil, natural gas, methane, refuse, pellets, etc. The by-product of this process is heat. The exhaust heat is captured through a series of heat exchangers which can be used to produce steam, hot water, or the hot gas which can be used directly for cooling. A combination of all three can also be incorporated where portions of the waste heat are directed to manufacture multiple byproducts for different applications. The characteristics of this site would allow for co-generation.

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Graphic 1.9 Aerial view of data center on site

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Graphic 1.11 Secondary rendering of data center at WGS

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Graphic 1.13 Cut away rendering of data center

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Data Center Modeling Summary

Ultimately, the initial modeling estimates for the WGS location project a potential 75,000 SF to 100,000 SF white space build-out. The major upfront cost and shell provisions that must be incorporated into either an enterprise or co-location model are:

A. Electrical Service

i. Initial utility cost and time of delivery

ii. Cost of the 138 kV or 69kV switchgear and substations iii. Operational cost

1. Maintenance 2. Utility usage rates B. Fiber Provisions

i. Cost of the future “point of presence (POP)” room ii. Empty raceways and “points of entry (POE)” iii. Service providers

C. Master Plan Provisions

i. Future provisions for multiple data center development ii. Empty raceways

iii. Support space

iv. Additional building hardening required for mission critical development v. Alternate access to site

vi. Provisions for flood mitigation

vii. Provisions to avoid the oil distribution pipeline

See Chapter 3 for design calculations.

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I

nfrastructure Services

Electrical

Currently, besides a small 120V temporary electric service, there is no electric service at this site. However, there are several ways to deliver the capacious electrical service required for a mission critical facility. Along the eastern border of the site, there is a utility right of way for AEP Ohio’s 138kV Roberts – Bethel transmission service route. 138kV can be provided in a single circuit, single contingency service or dual circuit, redundant service to the Wolpert site. The dual circuit 138kV service can be fed from two diverse substations, the Roberts and Bethel substations. In addition there is 69kV service in close proximity to the site. 69kV service can be derived from the Bethel – Hilliard 69kV transmission service. A dual circuit, redundant 69kV service can be provided. Either service is capable of providing reliable service in excess of 20MW (Megawatts). It is quite possible that multiple circuits at 13.2kV can be delivered from the Davidson substation, which is located directly across Interstate Route 270 from the site. Typically, a 13.2 kV circuit is limited to between 5 and 6 MW in capacity. The limiting factor for capacity is distance from the substation and the size and type of the incoming feeders. Since the substation is relatively close by, approximately 650 feet, it could be possible for each circuit to deliver between 10 – 12MW of power.

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Graphic 1.17 Close up of AEP’s transmission network

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Graphic 1.19 AEP Bethel Rd. substation

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Graphic 1.21 Diagram of proposed AEP primary utility service

Photo 1.1 138kV feeds into Davidson substation

Photo 1.2 View of 138kV latticework and circuits on property right of way

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Photo 1.3 View of Davidson substation Photo 1.4 Alternate view of Davidson

substation

Photo 1.5 Incoming 138kV circuits to the Davidson substation

Photo 1.6 View of expansion area of Davidson substation

Photo 1.7 View of 69kV network along Davidson Ave., west of the WGS

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Fiber and Telecommunications Infrastructure

There are several metro rings and long haul fiber carriers within close proximity to the Wolpert Greenfield Site. Some of the fiber routes travel directly on Davidson Rd., in front of the site. These carriers would be able to provide adequate bandwidth to satisfy the communications requirements of a data center or other mission critical facility.

The general corridor for fiber runs along Interstate Routes 270 and 670. The route connects Cleveland, OH to Cincinnati, OH with Columbus (Hilliard) OH in between. The route to Cincinnati continues on to Indianapolis, IN and then on to Chicago, IL. Cincinnati OH has direct low latency networks directly to NYC and Washington D.C.. Major points of presence (POPs) are located within Hilliard, OH (4055 Columbia St.), Upper Arlington, OH (4646 Reed Rd.), Westerville, OH and Columbus, OH. Both the Hilliard and Upper Arlington POPs are within close proximity to the site, 3 and 4 miles respectively. The downtown carrier exchanges within Columbus are less than 10 fiber miles away.

The build-out for new fiber infrastructure for the Wolpert site is literally at the sites doorstep. A mission critical facility could offer carriers the ability to interconnect and have a secondary POP at this location. There should be no major obstacles in delivering high bandwidth fiber infrastructure to the Wolpert site. Fiber infrastructure is diversely run both aerially and subterranean at this location. In and out diverse pathways can easily be installed.

Fiber maps and searches indicate almost every major metro and long haul provider is within close proximity to the WGS. In addition, Verizon has a central office located directly across route 270.

A site survey was performed to identify fiber infrastructure in and around the WGS. Several fiber circuits and providers were identified.

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4646 Reed Rd. Upper Arlington POP

Graphic 1.22 Map showing POP and regeneration sites

4055 Columbia St. Hilliard POP Downtown Columbus Exchanges Chicago Cleveland Indianapolis

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Graphic 1.24 Fiber map of area

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Photo 1.8 Pull boxes along utility right of way

Photo 1.9 Aerial fiber cable in front of site

Photo 1.10 Fiber services coming down pole

Photo 1.11 Underground fiber services

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Gas

There is a 4” medium pressure (55 PSI) natural gas line that runs along Davidson Rd. Typically a medium pressure service such as the one on Davidson Rd. is sufficiently sized for most business and light industrial requirements. This service would be sufficiently sized for a mission critical facility’s back of house requirements. It was indicated this service has current demand 80,000 cubic feet per hour (MCFH).

There is a 20” high pressure natural gas distribution line that runs along the western side of Route I-270. This natural gas distribution service could be utilized for co-generation requirements. A dedicated 4” natural gas line and revenue meter would have to be installed from this station, across the highway, and to within the site. This distribution service could possibly be used for a co-generation system.

Photo 1.16 Buried natural gas pipeline markers Photo 1.14 Underground fiber

manholes

Photo 1.15 Underground fiber manholes

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Water

Water service is provided by the Columbus Department of Public Utilities. The main source of water serving the WGS and the greater surrounding area is from the Griggs and O’Shaughnessy reservoirs. The two reservoirs were created by the construction of two dams, the Griggs and O’Shaughnessy dams, across the Scioto River. The dams were constructed early in the 20th century. The combined capacity of the two reservoirs is nearly 8 billion gallons.

The Division of Power and Water, a division within the Columbus Department of Public Works, has 3 water treatment facilities in the water distribution network, the Dublin Rd Water Plant, the Happ Cremean Water Plant, and the Parsons Ave. Water Plant. Together the plants deliver an average of 122 million gallons of water per day. The Dublin Rd. Water Plant supplies water to the WGS and the surrounding area.

According to the City of Hilliard Engineering maps, there is a 12” water main that runs along Davidson Rd. At the time of this report’s writing, there was no information gathered regarding the exact details of the water supply and water delivery capacities in and around the WGS. It was indicated the system can deliver a water service to the site in excess of 200,000 gallons per day.

Graphic 1.26 Water treatment network

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Sewer

Wastewater and sewer service is provided by the Columbus Department of Public Utilities. The Division of Sewage and Drainage, a division of the Columbus Department of Public Utilities, has two sewage treatment facilities, the Jackson Pike Sewage Treatment Facility and the Southerly Sewage Treatment Facility. The two facilities treat an average of 208 million gallons of sewage per day. The Jackson Pike facility, built in 1935, is the older and smaller of the two facilities. The Southerly facility was built in 1967. The sewage network has both separate and combined storm and sewage networks. The older communities and areas by Ohio State University have combined systems whereas the newer developed sections in the network have separate storm / sewage networks.

According to the City of Hilliard Engineering maps, there is an 18” sanitary sewer main that runs along Davidson Rd. In addition, there is a separate 15” storm water drain. At the time of this report’s writing, there was no information gathered regarding the exact details of the storm water of the sewage drainage system. It was indicated the wastewater / storm system can handle discharges in excess of 200,000 gallons per day.

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Business Continuity Review

Natural Disaster Risk

Generally speaking, this site has moderate exposure to natural disasters that could affect the continuous operation of a mission critical facility. Its exposure to tornado activity and flooding is higher than optimal. Data center operators must also consider the potential for natural disasters to impact aerial distribution infrastructure and modes of transportation.

Seismic

Hilliard has a 0.04 index rating for earthquakes. This information is from algorithms calculated by the USGS. The U.S. average, in comparison, is 1.8, and the state of Ohio has a rating of 0.16. This site’s rating is extremely low and favorable to the placement of a mission critical facility.

Recent seismic activity was recorded on February 19, 1995 which occurred 65.6 miles from the city center, with a magnitude of 3.6 on the Richter Scale.

Largest Seismic Events within 50-Mile Radius of Site Over Past 50 Years

Magnitude (Richter Scale) Distance from Site Date

4.2 45.8 miles March 8, 1967

See Chapter 5 for additional information.

Tornados

Hilliard has a tornado index rating of 179.35, compared with a U.S. average of 136.45 and 156.02 for the state of Ohio. These ratings are from algorithms calculated by the USGS. Compared to the rest of the country, this site has a high risk of tornado activity. Within the statistical data set of a 50-year period within a 50-mile radius of the site, there have been a total of 68 tornado events, all with a magnitude rating of 2 or above on the Fujita scale.

The closest tornado event occurred 1.9 miles away in Franklin County on May 5, 1973. The storm caused an estimated $2.5 million worth of damage across an area of approximately 2 miles. The most recent record of tornado activity occurred September

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16, 2010. This event happened in Perry County approximately 47.6 miles away. There was $500,000 worth of damage recorded in this tornado incident.

Flooding

According to the Federal Emergency Management Agency’s (FEMA) Flood Insurance Rate Map (FIRM), portions of the site are within Flood Zone X. As stated on the FIRM map legend Flood Zone X includes “areas of 0.2% annual chance of flood; areas of 1% annual chance of

flood with average depths of less than 1 foot or with drainage areas less than 1 square mile; and areas protected by levees from 1% annual chance of flood.” Flood Zone X represents

moderate flood hazard, usually the area between the limits of the 100-year and 500-year floods. Flood Zone X is also used to designate base floodplains of lesser hazards, such as areas protected by levees from 100-year flood, or shallow flooding areas with average depths of less than one foot or drainage areas less than 1 square mile.

Graphic 1.27a Page 1 of FEMA’s FIRM map showing parts of WGS in Flood Zone X (the site being at risk somewhere between a 100-year and 500-year event). The site is divided between 2 flood maps.

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Excessive rainfalls may result in flooding of the areas in and around the WGS. The Scioto River has been documented to have caused flood issues downstream of the WGS.

Extreme Weather Events

Events such as hurricanes, wildfires, blizzards and floods pose the greatest risk to the continual operation of a data center operation and, therefore, are of the greatest concern. Based on the evaluation of the site in regards to these risks, the site is moderately susceptible to such extreme weather events.

See Chapter 5 for a more detailed listing of the history of extreme weather events in Hilliard.

Graphic 1.27b Page 2 of FEMA’s FIRM map showing parts of WGS in Flood Zone X (the site being at risk somewhere between a 100-year and 500-year event). The site is divided between 2 flood maps.

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Man-Made Disaster Risk

The Wolpert Greenfield Site’s susceptibility to man-made disasters is moderate. There are several areas of concern that were discovered during this review. There are three sections highlighted below that give an overview of these potential risks. The Superfund Sites and the Neighboring Activities were deemed as low risk for this site. The Other Man-Made Risks section outlines areas found during the analysis that pose a more substantial risk.

Superfund Sites

“Superfund Sites” is the United States Environmental Protection Agency’s (EPA’s) environmental program for addressing abandoned hazardous waste sites. A search on the EPA’s database for superfund sites within the state of Ohio resulted in 17 sites within Franklin County.

The Superfund Sites closest to the Wolpert Greenfield site pose either no risk or very low risk to the site.

The closest site, the California Mercury Spill Site is listed as “cleaned up” as of 12/18/2003. According to EPA records this was a small accidental spill and was remediated by an emergency clean up.

The additional EPA sites listed are approximately 7.5 miles away and are low risk incidents or users. An example is the Columbus Auto Parts store listed in the EPA data base. A cleanup was performed for a small amount of petroleum based products. The site was remediated in 1996. All information regarding the site was archived in 2002. However, the site still remains in the EPA database.

Neighboring Activities

A search on the Environmental Protection Agency’s (EPA) Facility Registration System (FRS) database listed several facilities in the immediate area that currently -- or have previously -- housed, stored, or manufactured substances that may be hazardous to health or affect the environment. These facilities could pose a low to moderate risk to a data center at the site.

From the information stored within the EPA’s FRS database, we found no major facilities that could potentially have an immediate man-made risk to a mission critical facility at the Wolpert Greenfield Site. Some of the facilities listed in the database were actually middle and elementary schools. These facilities are listed as “Hazardous Waste Conditionally Exempt Small Quantity Generators.” This more or less means the facility is registered because they can or have generated less than 1 kilogram of acutely

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hazardous waste in a calendar month. A 1-gallon canister of paint falls into this category.

Other Man-Made Risks

Additional man-made risks that could potentially impact the continuous operation of a data center are:

A) The Wolpert Greenfield Site is in the immediate flight path of the Ohio State

University Airport. The Ohio State University Airport is approximately 2.8 miles

away. One of the runways is in the direct path of the WGS. The OSU Airport is the state’s 5th busiest. The OSU Airport is also used as a general aviation reliever for the Port Columbus International Airport.

B) A catastrophic failure of O’Shaughnessy Dam – The O’Shaughnessy Dam was constructed in 1925 and holds back approximately 6 billion gallons of water. A catastrophic failure of this structure would result in widespread flooding and major impacts to the surrounding area’s water supply.

C) Oil Pipeline – There is a major oil pipeline that runs along the western border of the property. A rupture of this pipeline at or near the WGS could have severe impacts to the operation of a mission critical facility at this site.

D) A catastrophic failure of the Griggs Dam – The Griggs Dam was constructed in 1905 and holds back approximately 1.2 billion gallons of water. Although downstream of the WGS, a catastrophic failure of this structure would have major impacts to the surrounding area’s water supply.

E) Major traffic accident on Interstate Rt. 270 or Davidson Rd.- A large accident on either of the main thoroughfares could potentially impact the continuous operation of a facility at the WGS. The effects of such an event could range from not being able to access the site because of extended road closures, to a power or communications disruption due to a vehicle collision with a utility pole. F) Downed overhead power lines – Downed power lines from either the 138kV

network that abuts the Wolpert Greenfield Site or the power lines that immediately cross the entrance to the Wolpert Greenfield Site could adversely affect operations of a mission critical facility.

G) A major rail accident – There is a major active rail line approximately 1.15 miles away from the Wolpert Greenfield Site. The rail line is buffered from the WGS by Interstate Rt. 270. Even though the rail line is a reasonable distance away from the WGS, the risk of interrupted operation by a rail incident is still present. A major rail incident could have major impacts to the surrounding area including the main thoroughfare of Rt. 270.

H) Military Bases – Beightler Armory is the headquarters for the Ohio National Guard and the Ohio Emergency Management Center. This base abuts the Ohio State University Airport which is less than 3 miles away from the WGS. In addition, Rickenbacker International Airport is located approximately 17 miles

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away. The airport is a joint civilian / military airport which is home to the Ohio Air National Guard’s 121st Air Refueling Wing. Large cargo aircraft and KC 135 Stratotankers fly into and are based at this facility. The Marine Corps and Navy Air Reserves have facilities at Rickenbacker Airport.

Fire and Rescue Services

Norwich Township Fire Department provides fire prevention, suppression and Emergency Medical Services to the residents of Hilliard. There are three stations with a total of 86 full-time fire fighters. This includes an administrative staff of seven people responsible for programs, training and Emergency Medical Services. Norwich Fire Station 83 is located on the property adjacent to WGS. The next closest fire department or rescue squad is Norwich Station 81, approximately 2 miles away. Norwich Station 82 is approximately 6 miles away from the site.

Police and Crime Index

There are 63 full-time law enforcement employees including 47 officers in Hilliard. This is broken down into two bureaus, the Field Operations Bureau and the Support Services Bureau.

Based on a set of complex algorithms calculated by the FBI, Hilliard, OH’s Crime Index

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Rating is 1,147.01. This is compared to the state of Ohio’s Crime Index Rating of 1,786.57. The state has a lower rating than the nation (1,809.24), but the city of Hilliard has a rating that is well below both. Historically, the city of Hilliard’s Crime Index Rating has been substantially below the national and state average.

Public Transportation

In general, public transportation to the site is very limited. This may have a bearing on business continuity due to access for employees and the service vendors needed to maintain a mission critical facility.

The nearest major international commercial airport is in Columbus, OH, Port Columbus International Airport. The airport is approximately 20 miles away, which is a 30-minute drive from the WGS. There is direct domestic service from the airport to the major cities including; Charlotte, Chicago, Philadelphia, Detroit, Atlanta, Washington D.C., Baltimore, Los Angeles, Dallas, Chicago and New York with other major cities included which are not shown on this list.

Rail service is very limited in that the nearest station with service to Washington D.C. or New York is at least 90 miles away in South Shore, KY.

As far as public transportation within and around the immediate area is concerned, the Central Ohio Transit Authority Bus Service is present. It offers bus service throughout the city of Columbus and has express service to the city of Hilliard. The red line or Route 67 bus offers the closest service to the WGS. This route provides access to downtown Columbus and has access to other routes which provide access to anywhere in central Ohio. There is also service to Port Columbus International Airport. Greyhound runs regular bus service from the airport to Washington, DC and Chicago. The routes take over 20 hours.

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Specific Mission Critical Support

Normally, mission critical facilities require a 4-hour response time for support services. Since there is a concentration of mission critical facilities in Columbus, OH, which is only approximately 15 minutes away from the Hilliard area, the vendors that provide support services are within a 4-hour radius. Spare parts and equipment stock are readily available, which is a key component when locating a mission critical facility.

The following list of companies and services is intended only to illustrate their proximity to the proposed site and should not be interpreted as an endorsement.

Fuel Oil Delivery Companies McWherter Petroleum Services

Ross St, Delaware, OH

Great Lakes Petroleum

Cleveland, OH Hub

Mechanical Contractors Bruner

Lacon Rd, Hilliard, OH

Applied Mechanical Systems

Metro Place North, Dublin, OH

TP Mechanical Contractors

Franklin Rd, Columbus, OH

Electrical Contractors M.G. Abbott Inc.

Elbright Rd, Canal Winchester, OH

Bob Waibel and Son Electric Company

Miller Ave, Winchester, OH

Master Electrical Service of Columbus

Summit St, Columbus, OH

Generator Providers Ohio Cat (Caterpillar)

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38 Cummins Bridgeway, LLC

Lyman Dr, Hilliard, OH

W.W. Williams Co. Inc. (MTU – Detroit Diesel)

Parkway La, Hilliard, OH

HVAC Providers

Columbus OH Commercial/Industrial/Institutional Trane (Sales Office)

CityGate Dr, Columbus, OH

Herbert & Conway, Inc (Baltimore Air Coil)

Huntley Rd, Columbus, OH

Gahanna Heating and Cooling (York)

17th Ave, Columbus, OH

Critical Equipment Emerson (Liebert)

 Accu Tech Corp (Distributor)

International St, Columbus, OH

 Acuative (Solutions Provider)

Dow Cir, Strongsville, OH

Eaton Corp

 King Ave, Columbus, OH

Stulz

 Climatic Systems (Sales Rep)

Alexis Rd, Toledo, OH

Schneider Electric (APC)

 Greensource Distribution Inc. (Elite Partner)

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Demographic Benchmark Results

As part of the site analysis, the host community’s demographics were benchmarked against the demographics of other U.S. locations that host a concentration of data centers and other mission critical facilities.

Generally speaking, data centers tend to locate in areas with a high concentration of working couples without children, a strong economy and a vast talent pool. In almost all categories, the area surrounding Wolpert Greenfield Site was found to have similar, or more advantageous, indicators. The following table highlights some of the characteristics considered.

Note: Deviations from the benchmark are not necessarily an indication that the area is unable to support a data center, nor is alignment with the benchmark a guarantee of success. Rather, the benchmarking exercise is intended to serve as a guide in understanding how the Wolpert Greenfield Site differs from other data center locations. These differences may or may not be relevant depending on the labor needs of the potential user. Prospective data center operators are encouraged to speak with local utility and economic development officials to gain greater insight into the local labor force dynamics, including commute tolerances, detailed occupational profiles, and current hiring conditions.

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Select Demographic Benchmarks

Characteristic Benchmark

Average Hilliard

Average population 70,321 28,435

Average density (people per square mile) 3,933.35 2,132.35

Population growth rate 5.10% 17.35%

Percentage female/male 48.94%/51.06% 51.16%/48.84%

Average median income $46,915 $42,814

Male $58,744 $55,327

Female $39,507 $34,148

Median age 36 35.90

Racial diversity (non-white population) 42.73% 11.46% Place of birth

In-state 47.46% 67.21%

Out-of-state 28.83% 26.02%

Foreign country 24.21% 5.80%

Primary language spoken at home

English 64.23% 89.28%

Other (includes Spanish, Indo-European, Asian and Pacific Islander languages and Other)

35.77% 10.72%

Average household size 2.63 2.77

Marital status

Currently married (over age 15) 55% 62.49%

Never married (over age 15) 31% 24.04%

Housing

Owner occupied 62.34% 75.95%

Current mortgage 81.65% 84.97%

Median value, owner occupied $412,375 $209,300

Rental as percentage of total units 33.69% 19.92%

Average rental price $1,000-$1,499 $700-$999

Population below poverty level 7.25% 4.23%

Student to teacher ratio 16:1 18:1

By using the benchmark data set and comparing it to the WGS location, certain factors stand out that should be noted. Population growth in Hilliard is a staggering 17.35% which is a great indicator to the overall health of the area. Everything else considered Hilliard compares very well demographically with the benchmark data.

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Chapter 2 – Site Details

Site Location

Current Utilization

Surrounding Uses

Field Survey

Climate and Weather

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Site Location

Wolpert Greenfield Site is located in Hilliard, OH. It is approximately 9 miles northwest of Columbus, OH. The other nearest neighboring cities are Dublin and Upper Arlington, ranging in distance from 4 to 7 miles north and northeast along I-270.

Logistically, the WGS is located close to the center of the state of Ohio. The closest major metropolitan hub is Columbus, OH which is a major hub for data centers and telecommunications. Cleveland, OH which is another hub for data centers and telecommunications is approximately 144 miles away. The WGS is almost directly equidistant between Cleveland, OH and Cincinnati, OH. The WGS is approximately 564 miles away from NYC and the major financial hubs.

City Distance (Miles)

Cleveland, OH 144 Atlanta, GA 440 Baltimore, MD 351 Cincinnati, OH 108 Indianapolis, IN 163 Columbus, OH 9 Greensboro, NC 329 Knoxville, TN 286 Raleigh, NC 384 Richmond, VA 352 Washington, DC 335 Chicago, IL 266

New York City 564

Table 1.6 Distances to major cities from the WGS

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Graphic 1.31 Map showing location of WGS

Graphic 1.32 Aerial map view of WGS

WGS

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Current Utilization

Of the 47.5 acres of the site, there are portions of the site that would not be of use or able to be allocated for mission critical facility development. One area is the small stream that runs parallel to Davidson Rd. Setbacks and buffer zones will apply for site sizing and layouts. Also, there is the right of way for the utility’s power lines that border the sites eastern border.

Surrounding Uses

The Wolpert Greenfield Site is bordered by Interstate Route 270 on its western side. There is a residential development directly past the utility right of way on the site’s eastern and northern borders. There is a small undeveloped tract of land that is not part of the WGS that may be allocated for residential development. To the south lies Davidson Road. On the opposite side of Davidson Road is small commercial development. Businesses located in this area include a medical center, corporate offices for a pipe manufacturing company, and a wedding banquet hall, The Four Seasons Columbus.

The outlying areas around the WGS to the north, east, and south are primarily residential. To the west and partly to the south are small commercial developments. Key neighboring features to the WGS are AEP’s Davidson Substation and a central office for Verizon. Both the Davidson Substation and Verizon central office are 600’ directly across Interstate Route 270.

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Field Survey

The WGS is a flat, grassy, cleared pasture. The field survey included a tour of Lot 1, which is the largest available site. The site is currently unleveled and has some unique features which would need to be addressed during the development process:

1. The site would require setbacks and buffer zones to have the mission critical facility not be within the flood zone and wetlands area.

2. The site would need to have adequate distances between the substation and the mission critical facility. Utility access and clearances will have to be taken into consideration.

3. Adequate buffer needs to be installed on the western side of the property that borders Interstate Route 270.

4. There is only one entrance into the site which can be a risk factor for a mission critical facility. The one entrance also crosses utility infrastructure and small waterway that could potentially flood.

Photos 1.18, 1.19 and 1.20 Panoramic views of Lot 1 scanning north to west

Photos 1.21, 1.22 and 1.23 Panoramic views of Lot 1 scanning northwest to north

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Graphic 1.33 Aerial view showing photo locations

Photos 1.27, 1.28 and 1.29 Panoramic views scanning east to southeast

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Climate and Weather

Average Annual Weather Statistics

Hilliard OH U.S.

Average Temp (Deg. F). 50.90 50.90 54.50

Precipitation (%) 38.00 39.24 38.67 Average Number Days with .1 or More

Inches of Precipitation 76.62 80.01 66.51

Snow (Inches) 18.69 26.63 23.27

Average Number Days with .1 or More

Inches of Snow 23.33 31.13 27.17

Humidity (%) 77.26 77.91 77.52

Wind Speed (MPH) 15.43 16.16 16.93

*Source USGS

The weather and climate for Hilliard is rather temperate which lends itself to the possibility of using “free cooling” for a mission critical facility. “Free cooling” is the use of the ambient outdoor temperature to cool the facility’s critical load. Air quality is another factor to consider when attempting to design a facility to use a “free cooling” mode.

Air Quality

The USEPA uses the following index to assess the air quality of a particular locality. The index is a culmination of several aspects and variables of the quality of air. For each aspect and variable, the higher number will reflect in an increased rating on the Air Quality Index. Below is chart identifying the USEPA Air Quality Index. Some of the variables and aspects that are reflected in the AQI are Total Suspended Particulates, Amount of Lead, Carbon Monoxide (CO), Sulfur Dioxide (SO2), Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2),

Ozone, Particulate Matter (PM10), and Particulate Matter (PM2.5).

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Air Quality Index (AQI) Values

Levels of Health

Concern Colors

0 to 50 Good Green

51 to 100 Moderate Yellow

101 to 150 Unhealthy for Sensitive

Groups Orange

151 to 200 Unhealthy Red

201 to 300 Very Unhealthy Purple 301 to 500 Hazardous Maroon

The higher rating on the index, the more likely adverse health effects will affect the general local population.

The air quality for the community of Hilliard has drastically improved over history, as have state and national conditions. In 1999 the general area had an AQI rating of 56, whereas the state of Ohio had an AQI mean average of 54 and the national mean average AQI rating was 45. Today Hilliard has an average AQI rating below both the state and national averages. The AQI average for the area resides at 39 while the state and national average is at approximately 40.

This data is relevant for the fresh air intake mission critical facilities require as well as the option for free cooling. Not only is this to be considered when cooling a facility, but also how it will affect servers operation or fiber optic connectivity. The amount of pollutants in the air will also affect the usable life of the cooling equipment. The filters and coils would be greatly degraded if the air quality is poor.

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Chapter 3 – Data Center Model

Calculations

Prototypical Enterprise Data Center Design

Prototypical Colocation Data Center Design

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Prototypical Data Center Options

IT Load Calculations 90,000 90,000 90,000 Design Sweet Spot Design Sweet Spot Notes & Comments

White Space White Space White Space Interior Option Exterior Option 100w per SF 120w per SF 150w per SF 75,000 SF White 100,000 SF White

Number of Active Racks EA 200.00 200.00 200.00 180.00 200.00

Average Power Consumption per Rack KW 2.50 2.50 2.50 2.50 2.50

Total Connected Power for Active Racks KW 500.00 500.00 500.00 450.00 500.00

Number of Misc. Equipment Cabinets EA 200.00 200.00 200.00 180.00 200.00

Average Power Consumption per Misc. Equipment Cab KW 3.00 4.00 5.00 4.00 5.00 Total Connected Power for Misc. Equip. Cabs KW 600.00 800.00 1,000.00 720.00 1,000.00

Number of Server Cabinets EA 2,000.00 2,000.00 2,000.00 1,600.00 2,200.00

Average Power Consumption per Server Cab KW 4.00 5.00 6.00 5.50 5.00

Total Connected Power for Server Cabs KW 8,000.00 10,000.00 12,000.00 8,800.00 11,000.00

TOTAL IT LOAD KW 9,100.00 11,300.00 13,500.00 9,970.00 12,500.00

Gross Raised Floor Area SF 90,000.00 90,000.00 90,000.00 80,000.00 100,000.00

Watts per SF (N Load) W 101.11 125.56 150.00 124.63 125.00

Head Room 5% 5.06 6.28 7.50 6.23 6.25

Total Design KW 106.17 131.83 157.50 130.86 131.25

Total amount of Cabinets / Racks EA 2,400.00 2,400.00 2,400.00 1,960.00 2,600.00

Average SF per Cabinet SF 25.00 25.00 25.00 25.00 25.00 Includes Isles and support space Square Foot of White Space SF 60,000.00 60,000.00 60,000.00 49,000.00 65,000.00

Items in Data Center

Space Allocation for CRACs SF 12,800.00 15,400.00 19,200.00 13,300.00 17,800.00 Space Allocation for PDUs SF 9,000.00 10,800.00 13,500.00 9,300.00 12,600.00 Total used White Space SF 81,800.00 86,200.00 92,700.00 71,600.00 95,400.00

Average White SF per Cab SF 34.08 35.92 38.63 36.53 36.69

Data Center Day 1 Data Center Day 1 Data Center Day 1 Data Center Day 1 Data Center Day 1

90,000 SF White 90,000 SF White 90,000 SF White 75,000 SF White 100,000 SF White Notes & Comments

Area and Footprint Units 100W / SF 2N 120W / SF 2N 150W / SF 2N 125W / SF 2N 125W / SF 2N

Gross Square Foot Whole Building SF 188,000 188,000 188,000 188,000 188,000 Gross Raised Floor Area SF 90,000.00 90,000.00 90,000.00 75,000.00 100,000.00 Design Computer Equip. Load Density W/SF 100.00 120.00 150.00 125.00 125.00 UPS Minimum Usable Capacity KW 9,000.00 10,800.00 13,500.00 9,375.00 12,500.00 Interior Space Required for an Indoor Equipment Option SF 104,380.00 122,090.00 153,340.00 109,340.00 150,040.00 Total Interior Space Required for an Indoor Option SF 194,380.00 212,090.00 243,340.00 184,340.00 250,040.00

Delta to Building Footprint SF -6,380.00 -24,090.00 -55,340.00 3,660.00 -62,040.00 Indoor options would require a Interior Space Required for an Outdoor Equipment Option SF 60,980.00 70,090.00 86,940.00 61,740.00 86,240.00 reduction of program or redundcy Total Interior Space Required for an Outdoor Option SF 150,980.00 160,090.00 176,940.00 136,740.00 186,240.00

Delta to Building Footprint (Calcs do not include inefficient space). SF 37,020.00 27,910.00 11,060.00 51,260.00 1,760.00 Calcs do not take into consideration inefficient space or support space

Primary Power

Gross SF of "White" space * Design Load W 9,000,000.00 10,800,000.00 13,500,000.00 9,375,000.00 12,500,000.00

Total Critical Load KW 10,023.75 11,880.00 14,850.00 10,395.00 14,850.00

Total Essential Load KW 5,974.13 7,161.84 8,951.29 6,219.62 8,321.70

Total Required Load KW 15,997.88 19,041.84 23,801.29 16,614.62 23,171.70

Total Required Load KVA 19,197.46 22,850.20 28,561.54 19,937.54 27,806.04 Nominal Transformer Rating KVA 2,500.00 2,500.00 2,500.00 2,500.00 2,500.00

Number of Transformers EA 8.00 10.00 12.00 8.00 12.00

Space Allocation

Indoor Transformer Footprint (Includes Walkway) SF 1,000.00 1,000.00 1,000.00 1,000.00 1,000.00

Total Required Space SF 8,000.00 10,000.00 12,000.00 8,000.00 12,000.00

Outdoor Transformer Footprint (Includes Walkway) SF 400.00 400.00 400.00 400.00 400.00

Allowance for Supplementary Equipment SF 2,400.00 3,000.00 3,600.00 2,400.00 3,600.00

UPS System -

A System Static

Minimum Usable UPS Capacity "N" KW 9,000.00 10,800.00 13,500.00 9,375.00 12,500.00 UPS Redundancy KW 2N 18,000.00 21,600.00 27,000.00 18,750.00 25,000.00

Module Rating KVA 750.00 750.00 750.00 750.00 750.00

Module Rating KW 675.00 675.00 675.00 675.00 675.00

Total Number of Modules Required EA 27.00 32.00 40.00 28.00 38.00

Modules per System EA 3.00 4.00 4.00 4.00 4.00

Total Number of Systems EA 9.00 8.00 10.00 7.00 10.00

Total Capacity per System KVA 2,250.00 3,000.00 3,000.00 3,000.00 3,000.00 Total Capacity per System KW 2,025.00 2,700.00 2,700.00 2,700.00 2,700.00

Total Capacity KVA 20,250.00 24,000.00 30,000.00 21,000.00 30,000.00

Total Capacity KW 18,225.00 21,600.00 27,000.00 18,900.00 27,000.00

Total Spare Capacity KW 225.00 0.00 0.00 150.00 2,000.00

Traditional A/C System Cabinet Densities

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Total Spare Capacity per system KW 25.00 0.00 0.00 21.43 200.00

Number of Batteries EA 4,327.00 5,129.00 6,411.00 4,488.00 6,411.00

Batteries per String EA 40.00 40.00 40.00 40.00 40.00

Number of Strings EA 109.00 129.00 161.00 113.00 161.00

Number of Strings per System EA 13.00 17.00 17.00 17.00 17.00

Module Footprint (Includes Walkway) SF 300.00 300.00 300.00 300.00 300.00

Number of Mods per system EA 3.00 4.00 4.00 4.00 4.00

System Control Cabinet Footprint (Includes Walkway) SF 300.00 300.00 300.00 300.00 300.00 Total Required Space per System SF 1,200.00 1,500.00 1,500.00 1,500.00 1,500.00

Number of Systems EA 9.00 8.00 10.00 7.00 10.00

Total Required Equipment Space SF 10,800.00 12,000.00 15,000.00 10,500.00 15,000.00

Footprint of Battery Strings SF 200.00 200.00 200.00 200.00 200.00

Total required Battery Space per System SF 2,600.00 3,400.00 3,400.00 3,400.00 3,400.00 Total Required Battery Space SF 23,400.00 27,200.00 34,000.00 23,800.00 34,000.00 Total required UPS Space SF 34,200.00 39,200.00 49,000.00 34,300.00 49,000.00 Allowance for Supplementary Equipment SF 10,260.00 11,760.00 14,700.00 10,290.00 14,700.00

PDU(s)

PDU nominal Rating KVA 300.00 300.00 300.00 300.00 300.00

PDU(s) N EA 60.00 72.00 90.00 62.00 84.00

Total PDU(s) at 2N EA 120.00 144.00 180.00 124.00 168.00

PDU Footprint (Includes Walkway) SF 75.00 75.00 75.00 75.00 75.00

Number of PDU Units for Data Center EA 120.00 144.00 180.00 124.00 168.00 Space Required for PDUs in Data Center SF 9,000.00 10,800.00 13,500.00 9,300.00 12,600.00 Allowance for Supplementary Equipment SF 4,500.00 5,400.00 6,750.00 4,650.00 6,300.00

Generator Plant

Total Critical Load KW 10,023.75 11,880.00 14,850.00 10,395.00 14,850.00

Total Essential Load KW 5,974.13 7,161.84 8,951.29 6,219.62 8,321.70

Unit Rating KW 2,250.00 2,250.00 2,000.00 2,000.00 2,000.00 Total Load KW 15,997.88 19,041.84 23,801.29 16,614.62 23,171.70 Number of N units KW 8.00 9.00 12.00 9.00 12.00 System Capacity KW 18,000.00 20,250.00 24,000.00 18,000.00 24,000.00 Spare Capacity on "N" KW 2,002.12 1,208.17 198.71 1,385.38 828.30 Configuration 2N 8.00 9.00 12.00 9.00 12.00 Total # of Generators EA 16.00 18.00 24.00 18.00 24.00

Generator Paralleling Switchgear EA 4.00 5.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

Number of Gennies per Paralleling Switchgear EA 4.00 4.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

Generator Footprint (Includes Walkway) SF 800.00 800.00 800.00 800.00 800.00

Number of Generators EA 16.00 18.00 24.00 18.00 24.00

Total Footprint of Generator SF 12,800.00 14,400.00 19,200.00 14,400.00 19,200.00

Allow for Supplementary Equipment SF 640.00 720.00 960.00 720.00 960.00

Paralleling Switchgear Footprint SF 600.00 600.00 600.00 600.00 600.00

Number of Paralleling Switchgear lineups EA 4.00 5.00 6.00 5.00 6.00

Allowance for Supplementary Equipment SF 1,200.00 1,500.00 1,800.00 1,500.00 1,800.00

Diesel Fuel Storage Requirement

Consumption Rate per Generator per HR Gal 126.00 126.00 126.00 126.00 126.00

Storage Interval Hrs 48.00 48.00 48.00 48.00 48.00

Total Generators EA 8.00 10.00 28.00 10.00 14.00

Required Fuel Storage Gal 46,384.00 57,980.00 162,344.00 57,980.00 81,172.00 Calculation includes Day Tank Volume

Day Tank Volume Gal 250.00 250.00 250.00 250.00 250.00

Day Tank Volume Total Gal 2,000.00 2,500.00 7,000.00 2,500.00 3,500.00

Required Fuel Storage Tank (Day Tank - Total Required Fuel Gal 45,000.00 56,000.00 156,000.00 56,000.00 78,000.00

Air Conditioning (Air Cooled Solution)

Configuration 2N

Computer Equipment Tons 3,183.75 3,820.50 4,775.63 3,316.41 4,421.88

Pressurization units Tonns

UPS Equipment Cooling Tonns 407.25 486.00 607.50 423.38 582.50

Envelope & Office Area Cooling Tonns

Substation T/F Tonns

Misc. Cooling Tonns

Total A/C Load "N" Load Tonns 3,591.00 4,306.50 5,383.13 3,739.78 5,004.38

Chiller Nominal Tonnage Tonns 400.00 400.00 400.00 400.00 400.00

Number of Chillers Required for Load EA 9.00 11.00 14.00 10.00 13.00

Number of Redundant Chillers EA 9.00 11.00 14.00 10.00 13.00

Total Number of Chillers EA 18.00 22.00 28.00 20.00 26.00

Total System Tonns 7,200.00 8,800.00 11,200.00 8,000.00 10,400.00

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Chiller Footprint (Includes Walkway) SF 1,000.00 1,000.00 1,000.00 1,000.00 1,000.00

Number of Chillers EA 18.00 22.00 28.00 20.00 26.00

Total Required Space for Chillers SF 18,000.00 22,000.00 28,000.00 20,000.00 26,000.00 Allowance for Supplementary Cooling Equipment SF 5,400.00 6,600.00 8,400.00 6,000.00 7,800.00

CRAC Units

CRAC nominal Capacity Tonns 30.00 30.00 30.00 30.00 30.00

number of CRAC for Computer Rm Load EA 107.00 128.00 160.00 111.00 148.00

Number of Redundant CRAC at 1 per 5 EA 21.00 26.00 32.00 22.00 30.00

number of CRAC for Equipment Rooms EA 14.00 17.00 21.00 15.00 20.00

Number of Redundant CRAC at 2N for Equipment Rooms EA 16.00 10.00 10.00 10.00 10.00

Total Number of CRAC(s) EA 158.00 181.00 223.00 158.00 208.00

CRAC Footprint (Includes Walkway) SF 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00

Number of CRAC Units for Data Center EA 128.00 154.00 192.00 133.00 178.00 Space Required for CRACS Data Center SF 12,800.00 15,400.00 19,200.00 13,300.00 17,800.00

Number of CRAC Units for Equipment SF 30.00 27.00 31.00 25.00 30.00

Space Required for CRACS Equipment Rooms SF 3,000.00 2,700.00 3,100.00 2,500.00 3,000.00 Allowance for Supplementary Equipment SF 1,580.00 1,810.00 2,230.00 1,580.00 2,080.00

Cooling Tower Make Up Water Requirements

Cooling Towers Capacity Tonns 400.00 400.00 400.00 400.00 400.00

Number of Cooling Towers EA 9.00 11.00 14.00 10.00 13.00

Total CT Capacity Tonns 3,600.00 4,400.00 5,600.00 4,000.00 5,200.00

Design Criteria Hrs 24.00 24.00 24.00 24.00 24.00

Cooling Tower Make Up Water per Hr. Gal per T 2.20 2.20 2.20 2.20 2.20

Cooling Tower Make Up Water Requirements Gal 190,080.00 232,320.00 295,680.00 211,200.00 274,560.00

Proposed Tank Gal 60,000.00 75,000.00 75,000.00 75,000.00 75,000.00

Cooling Tower Footprint (Includes Walkway) SF 2,000.00 2,000.00 2,000.00 2,000.00 2,000.00

Number of Cooling Towers EA 9.00 11.00 14.00 10.00 13.00

Total Required Space for Cooling Towers SF 18,000.00 22,000.00 28,000.00 20,000.00 26,000.00

Allowance for Supplementary Equipment SF 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

Summary for Space Allocation

Primary Power Allocated Space

Indoor Option SF 10,400.00 13,000.00 15,600.00 10,400.00 15,600.00

Outdoor Option

Indoor SF 3,200.00 4,000.00 4,800.00 3,200.00 4,800.00

Outdoor SF 2,400.00 3,000.00 3,600.00 2,400.00 3,600.00

UPS Allocated Space (Indoor) SF 44,460.00 50,960.00 63,700.00 44,590.00 63,700.00

Generator Allocated Space

Indoor Option SF 17,040.00 19,620.00 25,560.00 19,620.00 25,560.00

Outdoor Option

Indoor SF 4,240.00 5,220.00 6,360.00 5,220.00 6,360.00

Outdoor SF 12,800.00 14,400.00 19,200.00 14,400.00 19,200.00

Fuel Oil Storage Allocated Space SF 2,319.20 2,899.00 8,117.20 2,899.00 4,058.60

Chiller Space Allocation SF 23,400.00 28,600.00 36,400.00 26,000.00 33,800.00

Cooling Tower Space Allocation

Indoor SF 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

Outdoor SF 18,000.00 22,000.00 28,000.00 20,000.00 26,000.00

CRAC Space Allocation in Equipment Rooms SF 4,580.00 4,510.00 5,330.00 4,080.00 5,080.00

PDU Space Allocation SF 4,500.00 5,400.00 6,750.00 4,650.00 6,300.00

Space Allocation for CRACs SF 12,800.00 15,400.00 19,200.00 13,300.00 17,800.00 Space Allocation for PDUs SF 9,000.00 10,800.00 13,500.00 9,300.00 12,600.00

Option #1 Indoor Option Interior Space SF 104,380.00 122,090.00 153,340.00 109,340.00 150,040.00

Option #1 Indoor Option Exterior Space SF 20,319.20 24,899.00 36,117.20 22,899.00 30,058.60

Option #2 Outdoor Option Interior Space SF 60,980.00 70,090.00 86,940.00 61,740.00 86,240.00

Option #2 Outdoor Option Exterior Space SF 58,919.20 70,899.00 95,317.20 65,699.00 86,658.60

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Prototypical Co-Location DataCenter Options

Typical Data Hall

Total Load (with redundant systems - spare capacity

IT Load Calculations 10,000 0

White Space 100W +

Number of Active Racks EA 20.00

Average Power Consumption per Rack KW 2.50

Total Connected Power for Active Racks KW 50.00

Number of Misc Equipment Cabinets EA 20.00

Average Power Consumption per Misc. Equipment Cab KW 4.20

Total Connected Power for Misc. Equip. Cabs KW 84.00

Number of Server Cabinets EA 230.00

Average Power Consumption per Server Cab KW 4.20

Total Connected Power for Server Cabs KW 966.00

TOTAL IT LOAD KW 1,100.00

Gross Raised Floor Area SF 10,000.00

Watts per SF (N Load) W 110.00

Head Room 5% 5.50

Total Design KW 115.50

Total ammonut of Cabinets / Racks EA 270.00

Average SF per Cabinet SF 30.00 Includes Isles and support space

Square Foot of White Space SF 8,100.00

Space Allocation for CRACs SF 1,200.00

Space Allocation for PDUs SF 600.00

Total used White Space SF 9,900.00

Average White SF per Cab SF 36.67

Data Hall 110 10,000

White Space Notes & Comments

Area Units 100W

Gross Square Foot Whole Building SF

Gross Raised Floor Area SF 10,000.00

Design Computer Equip. Load Density W/SF 115.00

UPS Minimum Usable Capacity KW 1,150.00

Primary Power

Gross SF of "White" space * Design Load W 1,150,000.00

Total Critical Load KW 1,096.88

Total Essential Load KW 651.96

Total Required Load KW 1,748.83

Total Required Load KVA 1,923.72

Nominal Transformer Rating KVA 2,000.00

Number of Transformers EA 1.00

Indoor Transformer Footprint (Includes Walkway) SF 1,000.00

Total Required Space SF 1,000.00

Outdoor Transformer Footprint (Includes Walkway) SF 400.00

Total Required Space SF 400.00

Allowance for Supplimentary Equipment SF 300.00

Traditional A/C System Cabinet Densities

Data Center Site Qualification Program. Detailed Site Prospectus