Evolution of the 3GPP Network Architecture, (the Evolved Packet Core)

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THE Mobile Broadband Standard

Evolution of the 3GPP Network

Architecture,

(the Evolved Packet Core)

Dr. Sungho Choi

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Air Interface Technology

Evolution

‘02 ‘12 ‘04 ‘06 ‘08 ‘10 ‘00 2M/768K 14M/768K 14M/5.7M 28M/11.5M 42M/5.7M 84M/23M 300M/75M 2M/768K Rel. 8 & 9 LTE Rel. 99 WCDMA Rel. 4 TD-SCDMA Rel. 5 HSDPA Rel. 6 HSUPA Rel. 7 HSPA+ Rel. 8 HSPA+ Rel. 9 HSPA+

Peak Data Rate (bps) DL/UL

WCDMA

OFDMA

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Network Architecture

Evolution

Node B RNC SGSN GGSN MSC Operator’s IP Services (e.g., IMS, PSS etc) PSTN eNode B S-GW P-GW Operator’s IP Services (e.g., IMS, PSS etc)

‘01 ‘11 ‘03 ‘05 ‘07 ‘09 ‘99 ‘13 Circuit/GPRS Core Network Evolved Packet Core Network

Control Plane delay : 100ms User Plane delay : 5ms MME

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3GPP Organization structure

Project Coordination Group

TSG RAN Radio Access N/W RAN1 Radio Layer 1 RAN2 Radio Layer2/3 RAN3 Access I/F RAN4 Radio Performance RAN5 Conformance Test TSG SA System Architecture SA1 Services SA2 Architecture/Stage2 SA3 Security SA4 Codec SA5 O&M, Charing TSG CT Core Network&Terminal CT1

NAS (UE-MME I/f)

CT3

Network I/F to out

CT4

Network I/F in 3GPP

CT6

UICC I/F Smart Card Appl.

TSG GERAN

GSM/EDGE RAN

GERAN1

PHY

GERAN2

Layer2/3, Access I/F

GERAN3

Conformance Test

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Key LTE/SAE Features

Rel.8 LTE (~09/03)

• 20MHz, OFDM New Air • DL 4x4 MIMO

• SON, HeNB

• SAE For LTE Access • CS Fallback in EPS • Single Radio VCC • Peak: DL 300Mbps, UL 75Mbps Rel.9 LTE (~10/03) • Enhanced Dual-Layer Tx • SON/HeNB Enhancement

• IMS Emergency Calls • LCS for LTE and EPS • MBMS support in EPS • Peak: DL 300Mbps,

UL 75Mbps

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Evolved Packet System

architecture

hPCRF HSS SWn Operator's IP Services (e.g. IMS, PSS etc.) Trusted Non-3GPP IP Access SWa HPLMN SWd Non-3GPP Networks VPLMN vPCRF ePDG SWm Untrusted Non-3GPP IP Access _STa 3GPP AAA Server S2c S2c S9 SGi Gx Rx S6b UE 3GPP AAA Proxy SWx Gxa Gxb Gxc S8 S6a S2c 3GPP Access Serving Gateway PDN Gateway Many 3GPP access technologies

Mobility between access technologies Multiple roaming models

Non-3GPP accesses LTE WIMAX GSM1900 EDGE GSM1800 GSM450 GSM900 UTRAN UTRAN HSPA UTRAN HSPA+ LTE HRPD 1xRTT 802.16 LTELTE1800 LTE2600 WLAN 3GPP2 GERAN UTRAN

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CS Fallback in EPS

eNB MME HSS UE Serving Gateway PDN Gateway PCRF RNC MSC Node B GMSC Operators’ IP Services

Application of CSFB:

• CS capable device camping on LTE

cell can establish/receive

CS

services

• Reuse of

existing CS

infrastructure

for voice service until IMS VoIP is

deployed

• Provide voice

roaming

support

with LTE

• Can support

emergency calls

using

existing CS infrastructure

SMS

can be delivered to the UE

without redirecting to CS Domain

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Single Radio Voice Call

Continuity

eNB MME HSS UE Serving Gateway PDN Gateway RNC MSC Server Node B P-CSCF S-CSCF SCC AS UE UE MGW UE IMS

SRVCC use case:

• IMS call initiated in LTE can continue

in CS domain after moving outside of

LTE coverage area

• SR-VCC is invoked if no other VoIP

capable PS system (HSPA/eHRPD) is available for VoIP PS-PS HO

• Requires overlapping with

GSM/WCDMA/1xRTT coverage

SRVCC improvements:

• Mid-call services (like HOLD & MPTY) • emergency calls

• video calls

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3GPP Schedule

2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2H 1Q 2Q 3Q 4Q 1Q 2Q 3Q 4Q 1Q 2Q 3Q 4Q 1Q 2Q 3Q 4Q Rel.8 Rel.9 Rel.10 Rel.11

Stage 3 ASN.1 Freeze

’10/03 ’09/12 ASN.1 Freeze ’11/06 ’11/03 Stage 1 ’10/03 Test spec ASN.1 Freeze ’12/09 ’12/03 ’11/09 _’12/12 ’10/09

Stage 2 Stage 3 Test spec

Stage 1 Stage 2 Stage 3

First LTE launch (09/12)

Rel.8 Commercialization

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Key Rel.10/Rel.11 Features

Rel.8 LTE (~09/03)

• 20MHz, OFDM New Air • DL 4x4 MIMO/ UL 1x2 MIMO • SON, HeNB

• SAE For LTE Access • CS Fallback in EPS • Single Radio VCC • Peak: DL 300Mbps, UL 75Mbps

Rel.11 (~12/12)

Rel.9 LTE (~10/03) • Enhanced Dual-Layer Tx • SON/HeNB Enhancement • IMS Emergency Calls • LCS for LTE and EPS • MBMS support in EPS • Peak: DL 300Mbps, UL 75Mbps

Rel.10 LTE-Adv (~11/06)

• DL 8x8 MIMO, UL 4x4 MIMO • Carrier Aggregation • HetNet, MDT

• HeNB Local IP Access • Wifi offloading

• Machine Type Communication • Peak: DL 1Gbps, UL 500 Mbps

• CoMP

• Enhancement of Rel.10 features • System Improvement of MTC

• Service Awareness and Privacy Policies • IW MNO and Application Provider • Data Application Impacts

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Local IP Access (LIPA)

scope of Local IP access logical connection for mobile operator IP traffic Residential/ enterprise IP Network Mobile operator’s core network UE Local IP traffic

IP traffic to mobile operator’s CN All traffic

on 3GPP radio

LIPA is primarily for end user’s benefit, to allow

access to local residential or corporate network

through a 3GPP device

LIPA provides access for IP capable UEs that are

connected via a H(e)NB subsystem to other IP

capable entities in the same residential/ enterprise IP network.

Simultaneous access from a UE to the mobile operator’s core network and Local IP Access to a residential/enterprise IP network will be

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WLAN Offloading

WLAN offloading refers to the

dual radio scenario

where part of the traffic is

routed via WLAN access and part via 3GPP access

WLAN offloading covers both the scenario where the traffic via WLAN radio is

anchored in the EPC

(i.e., seamless offloading) and the scenario where it is not

anchored (i.e., non-seamless offloading)

Access Network Discovery and Selection Function

(ANDSF) is there to provide

the UE with the access network discovery information and the policy on how to

use the available access networks

• Available access networks

• Preferred routing of the traffic per APN, per IP flow

WLAN _3GPP RAT EPC ANDSF UE HA

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THE Mobile Broadband Standard Pool of MTC devices MTC server MTC server FAIL!!! Overload

Machine Type Communication

M2M is recognized as a key segment in future packet networks

Initial 3GPP efforts have focused on the ability to differentiate

machine-type devices

• This allows the operator to selectively handle such devices in overload

situations

• Low priority indicator has been added to the relevant UE-network procedures • Overload and Congestion control is done on both core network and radio access

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MTC – basic architecture

Work in progress…

14 3GPP Boundary MTC Server GGSN / PGW / PDG Proxy (TBD) SGSN / MME HLR / HSS API MTCi SMS-SC IP-SM-GW Legacy SMS IP SMS MTCsp Indirect model –

service provider controlled Indirect model – operator controlled Gr/S6a Um / Uu / LTE-Uu RAN M2M Application Internal interfaces (TBD) Control plane User plane Direct model Gi/SGi M2M Application UE MTC User MTCsms

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Evolution of MTC

Further functionality being added to 3GPP standards in the

following areas

• Reachability Aspects, MTC Feature control, Device Triggering

• Addressing, Identifiers - especially removal of MSISDN dependencies in the

architecture

• Signaling Optimizations, Small Data Transmissions, MTC Monitoring

MTC is a substantial technical area, full completion will span

across multiple future Releases

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Rel.11: Service Awareness

and Privacy Policies

Analyzing traffic, standardization of detecting the service traffic and

applying the policy

eNB SGW MME PGW TDF PCRF UDR/SPR 1) Request Detection (application id,..) 2) Report Detection (service flow info,…) 0) Get subscription

including PCC info

3) Install the changed Rule

Sd

• Traffic Detection Function newly defined

• Performs the following for the Detected traffic

• Gating of the detected service traffic either blocking or permitting unrestricted

• Traffic Shaping of the detected service traffic

• Redirecting of detected service traffic

TDF: Traffic Detection Function

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Rel.11: IW MNO and Data

Application Provider

Interface will be provided toward 3rd Party Data Application

Provider

• The following services will be proved over the newly defined interface

• Customised billing/charging, Promotion services, Group addressing capabilities, identity services, statistics etc

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Study on Non-MTC Mobile

Data Application Impacts

Study on Service Scenario and Use case on Mobile data application

Study on Network inefficiency from Mobile data application

Connection mgmt traffic Congestion

Service request : Idle to active transition

# of messages per Busy Hour

MME

HSS Overload <Flood of registration by special event>

Surge of attach reqs

<Failure/restart of nodes> MME

HSS

Old eNB fail!

Reg to new eNB

Overload

(Problem 1)

(Problem 2)

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Thank You

www.3gpp.org

More Information about 3GPP: [email protected] Dr. Sungho Choi 3GPP TSG SA chairman +82 31 279 5116 [email protected]