MANAGEMENT OF METALLIC WASTE
ENRESA
Jose Luis Leganes Nieto, ENRESA
JLEN@enresa.es
Inputs
Transformation
process
Outputs
+
+
RESOURCES
MATERIALS
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DISMANTLING is not only
DEMOLITION, but an INDUSTRIAL
PROCESS
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15/02/2021 3
This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 945098.
In situ activities in Nuclear Installation/Waste volume optimization
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Segregation
•
Cutting
•
Decontamination
o
Mechanical
o
Chemical
Classification by kind of metal and by level of activity
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Releasable
•
VLLW
•
LLW
In case of being released:
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valuable and recoverable for non nuclear industry
o
Stainless steel
o
Carbon steel
o
Aluminium
o
Cupper…
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Official Release Forms
15/02/2021 5
This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 945098.
In case of VLLW
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Large items for direct disposal
o
No internal voids, if any, to be filled with granulometric
waste
o
If required, plates to weigh distribution in disposal cell
o
Current radiological (ETM, DTM, dose rate…) and physical
data (mass, volume…).
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Items directly introduced in cubic metallic container
o
voids have to be filled with granulometric waste
o
Current radiological and physical data
In case of LLW
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No large items allowed for direct disposal
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Items introduced in cubic metallic container
o
Voids finally filled with fluid mortar
o
Current radiological and physical data
•
Mortar block in bigger concrete container in disposal center
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Concrete container finally disposed in vault/cell
In both cases VLLW and LLW
15/02/2021 7
This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 945098.
LLW DISPOSAL
In Situ Waste
Classification
Volume
Reduction
Decontamination
LILW & VLLW
Selection Cutting
Technique
New Containers
Decontamination
Chemical & Blasting
for LILW Metals
Melting
VLLW Soil Washing
Optimize
Packaging
Conditioning
Compacting
Shredding
Clearance
Very Low Level
Waste Disposal
Require Licensing
New Methodologies
15/02/2021 9
This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 945098.
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Aluminium as the main reactive metal
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In case of water intrusion in LLW disposal, alkaline medium
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Amphoteric reaction and hydrogen production
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Risk of concrete container cracks and release of activity
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Research to analyse
o
Maximum Surface of Aluminium by package using
Portland cement that would produce the stablished
threshold release rate of hydrogen, in real non
conservative conditions.
o
New Phosphate Magnesium matrices that would inhibit
the increase of pH.
T4.5. CHARACTERIZATION OF METALLIC WASTE
DECONTAMINATION-RELEASE
Jose Luis Leganes Nieto, ENRESA
JLEN@enresa.es
Inputs
Transformation
process
Outputs
+
+
RESOURCES
MATERIALS
1
2
3
4
5
6
DISMANTLING is not only
DEMOLITION, but an INDUSTRIAL
PROCESS
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
15/02/2021 3
This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 945098.
Site&Facility Characterization: the objective is to obtain a
radiological image of the whole Installation (site and
facility) or at least the locations where it is possible to be
accessed for characterization.
In situ Characterization for Classification: it can be
considered as an operational, and sometimes rough,
characterization for disassembles, cleaning or remediation
activities that allow a quick and therefore an operative way
of classifying the materials.
Characterization for Final Assignment/Assessment: it is an
as thorough as possible characterization that would define
the final destination of the materials, or the release
objective fulfillment.
Site&Facility
Characterization
Modifications
Disassembles
Demolitions
Site Restoration
Materials Management
Initial status
Final Status:
Green Field,
Brown/Gray field
In situ
Characterization
for Classification
15/02/2021 5
This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 945098.
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PERFORM A COMPLETE RADIOLOGICAL MAP OF THE
INSTALLATION
Using mobile instrumentation
Contact dose rate measurement
Contact Beta
Contact Alfa
Other in situ devices
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COLLECT SAMPLES (FOR RADIOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS) AS A
FUNCTION OF
Lower or higher values of dose rate?
Lower or higher values of Alfa, Beta?
THE
CHARACTERIZATION
DESIGN SHOULD BE
PLANNED IN ORDER
TO OBTAIN
REPRESENTATIVE
SCALING FACTORS
15/02/2021 7
This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 945098.
In Situ Waste
Classification
Volume
Reduction
Decontamination
LILW & VLLW
Selection Cutting
Technique
New Containers
Decontamination
Chemical & Blasting
for LILW Metals
Melting
VLLW Soil Washing
Optimize
Packaging
Conditioning
Compacting
Shredding
Clearance
Very Low Level
Waste Disposal
Require Licensing
New Methodologies
34 33 32 31
38 37 36 35
Digitalize de Large Piece in Items of easy geometry.
Determine the influence of each item on the rest of segments, in order
to determine the intrinsic contribution of the Item itself discarding the
influence of the rest of the Items.
Simplify the model leaving null the contribution of the far Items which
influence can be considered negligible in relation to the nearest ones.
Determine the activity of each Item, and the total activity by summing
all.
15/02/2021 9
This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 945098.
CLEARANCE: INDUSTRIAL PROCESS
BOX COUNTER (gamma spectroscopy system)
Activity of each radionuclide Cj in
the material (Bq/g & Bq/cm2)
To confirm a mixture of
radionuclides is below the
clearance level
UR =
Σ
Cj/Lj ≤ 1
Cj= specific activity in the material of
radionuclide j (Bq/g)
Lj= the clearance level of radionuclide
j (Bq/g)
Scaling
Factors
Clearance Level
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N1: general levels
(Bq/g)
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N2: specific levels
(Bq/g & Bq/cm2)
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Metals
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Rubble
15/02/2021 11
This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 945098.
Cont ainer movement
Det 1
Det 2
Det 3
Det 4
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Posit ion 1
Posit ion 2
Posit ion 3
15/02/2021 13
This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 945098.
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The development of Gamma cameras to obtain a
distribution of the activity in the container or large
component.
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Determination of mass distribution or changes of density
in the container/large item in a passive way.
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The improvements of portable devices for the
characterization process of metallic waste in controlled
areas with significant background
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The use of solid substances for chemical decontamination
to avoid liquids and facilitate subsequent treatment
15/02/2021 15
This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 945098.
