ARCS 2004 Organic and Pervasive Computing

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Uwe Brinkschulte, Jürgen Becker, Dietmar Fey, Karl-Erwin Großpietsch,

Christian Hochberger, Erik Maehle and Thomas Runkler (Edts.)

ARCS 2004

Organic and Pervasive Computing

Workshop Proceedings

March 26, 2004, Augsburg

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Lecture Notes in Informatics (LNI) - Proceedings Series of the Gesellschaft für Informatik (GI) Volume P-41

ISBN 3-8857-370-9 ISSN 1617-5468 Volume Editors

Prof. Dr. Uwe Brinkschulte

University of Karlsruhe, Institute for Process Control, Automation and Robotics, Engler-Bunte Ring 8, D-76131 Karlsruhe, Germany, Email: [email protected] Prof. Dr. Jürgen Becker

University of Karlsruhe, Institute for Information Processing Techniques,

Engesserstr. 5, D-76128 Karlsruhe, Germany, Email: [email protected] Prof. Dr. Dietmar Fey

University of Jena, Institute for Computer Science,

Ernst-Abbe-Platz 2, D-07743 Jena, Germany, Email: [email protected] Dr. Karl-Erwin Großpietsch

Fraunhofer Gesellschaft, Institute for Autonomous Intelligent Systems, Schloss Bir-linghoven, D-53754 St. Augustin, Germany, Email: [email protected] Prof. Dr. Christian Hochberger

University of Dresden, Institute for Computer Science, Dürerstraße 24, D-01307 Dresden, Germany, Email: [email protected] Prof. Dr. Erik Maehle

University of Lübeck, Institute for Computer Science, Ratzeburger Allee 160, D-23538 Lübeck, Germany, Email: [email protected]

Dr. Thomas A. Runkler Siemens AG, CT IC 4,

D-81730 Munich, Germany, Email: [email protected] Series Editorial Board

Heinrich C. Mayr, Universität Klagenfurt, Austria (Chairman, [email protected]) Jörg Becker, Universität Münster, Germany

Ulrich Furbach, Universität Koblenz, Germany

Axel Lehmann, Universität der Bundeswehr München, Germany Peter Liggesmeyer, Universität Potsdam, Germany

Ernst W. Mayr, Technische Universität München, Germany Heinrich Müller, Universität Dortmund, Germany

Heinrich Reinermann, Hochschule für Verwaltungswissenschaften Speyer, Germany Karl-Heinz Rödiger, Universität Bremen, Germany

Sigrid Schubert, Universität Dortmund, Germany Dissertations

Dorothea Wagner, Universität Konstanz, Germany Seminars

Reinhard Wilhelm, Universität des Saarlandes, Germany  Gesellschaft für Informatik, Bonn 2004

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Preface

The “Conference on Architecture of Computing Systems ARCS” has a long tradition as a German biennial computer conference. In 2002, the organization committee has decided to put the conference on an international level which was a big success. So this year, “ARCS 2004 - Organic and Pervasive Computing” is held the second time as an international event. A main focus for 2004 is the idea of organic computing. This means, computing systems should behave more as organic entities and follow principles like self-organization, self-configuration, self-optimization, self-healing and self-protecting to simplify operation and maintenance. Pervasive computing introduces a new dimension in the development and research of computing systems. Those systems become more and more ‘invisible’ and integrated in the environment of our all-days life. New concepts, design methodologies and languages are necessary to face this challenge. ARCS 2004 is held to improve our understanding of such systems and to support the exchange of new research results.

To focus on special topics, four workshops have been organized in conjunction with the ARCS 2004. “Dependability and Fault Tolerance” is very important for organic and pervasive computing, because devices helping us in managing many parts of our daily life must be in fact reliable. Furthermore, self-protection and self-healing are key features in organic computing. “Dynamically Reconfigurable Systems” are the basis for two other key features in organic computing, namely configuration and self-optimization. “Self Organizing Systems in Physics and Computer Science” are playing the main role if we envision to build computing systems behaving like organic entities. Last but not least, “Parallel Systems and Algorithms” are very important when having many smart devices interconnected by various network structures. I want to thank Jürgen Becker, Dietmar Fey, Karl-Erwin Großpietsch, Christian Hochberger, Erik Maehle and Thomas Runkler for organizing these fine workshops and helping to make ARCS 2004 a success.

Special thanks go to the General Chair Theo Ungerer, Co-Chair Bernhard Bauer, Program Chair Christian Müller-Schloer, Hartmut Schmeck for his support and all the other numerous helpers for doing a perfect work in organizing the conference. I hope that all participants enjoy the conference and the workshops, take the chance to visit the tutorials, make a lot of new contacts and have a pleasant stay in Augsburg.

Karlsruhe, February 2004 Uwe Brinkschulte

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Workshop

Dependability and Fault Tolerance

... 8

Invited Talk

High-Availability and Standards – The Way to Go!... 12 M. Reitenspieß

Software Reliability

Finite-State Modeling, Analysis and Testing of System Vulnerabilities... 19 F. Belli, C.J. Budnik, N. Nissanke

Root Cause Analysis as a Guide to SRE Methods... 34 T. Grams

Fault Tolerant Systems and Networks

Fault Tolerance in a DSM Cluster Operating System... 44 M. Schoettner, S. Frenz, R. Goeckelmann, P. Schulthess

A Flexible Slotting Scheme for TDMA-Based Protocols... 54 J.C. Lisner

Utilizing Fault Tolerance for Achieving QoS in Ad-hoc Networks... 66 S. Trikaliotis

Fault Tolerant Hardware

Complementary Circuits for On-Line Detection for 1-out-of-3 Codes... 76 A. Morozov, M. Gössel; V.V. Saposhnikov, Vl.V. Saposhnikow

Self-checking Carry-select Adder with Sum-bit Duplication... 84 E.G. Sogomonyan, D. Marienfeld, V. Ocheretnij, M. Gössel

Dependability of Mechatronic Systems

A Framework for Dependability Evaluation of Mechatronic Units... 92 H.D. Kochs, J. Petersen

Reliability Considerations for Mechatronic Systems on the Basis of a

State Model... 106 T. Arnaout, P. Göhner, H.-J. Wunderlich, E. Zimmer

Modeling of Fault Tolerant Systems

Towards Unified Dependability Modeling and Analysis... 113 A. Pataricza, F. Györ

Deriving Dependability Measures of Measurements Recorded in a Matrix ... 123 O. Tschäche

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Workshop

Dynamically Reconfigurable Systems

... 133

Adaptive Prozessoren

Verbesserte Hardware-Software-Partitionierung für Adaptive Computer... 135 N. Kasprzyk, A. Koch

Evaluation of Run-Time Reconfiguration for General-Purpose Computing... 145 A. Niyonkuru, H. C. Zeidler

Integration dynamisch rekonfigurierbarer Funktionseinheiten in Prozessoren. 155 T. Pionteck, T. Stiefmeier, T. Staake, L. Kabulepa, M. Glesner:

Soft- und Hardware Architekturen

Aufbau- und Strukturkonzepte einer adaptiven multigranularen

rekonfigurierbaren Hardwarearchitektur... 165 A. Thomas, J. Becker

Hyperreconfigurable Architectures as Flexible Control Systems... 175 S. Lange, M. Middendorf

Network-on-Chip basierende Laufzeitsysteme für dynamisch

rekonfigurierbare Hardware... 185 R. Hecht, D. Timmermann, S. Kubisch, E. Zeeb

Operating Systems for FPGA Based Computers and Their Memory

Management... 195 K. Danne

Tools und Benchmarking

Generation of Distributed Arithmetic Designs for Reconfigurable

Applications... 205 C. Bobda, A. Ahmadinia, J. Teich

Wiederverwendungsgerechte Codegenerierung von FEC-Applikationen für dynamisch rekonfigurierbare Systeme... 215 J. Schneider, V. Kotzsch

Towards a Dynamically Reconfigurable System-on-Chip Platform for

Video Signal Processing... 225 W. Stechele, S. Herrmann, A. Herkersdorf

Leistungsbewertung unterschiedlicher Einbettungsvarianten dynamisch

rekonfigurierbarer Hardware... 235 H. Kalte, M. Porrmann und U. Rückert

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Workshop

Self Organizing Systems in Physics and

Computer Science

... 245 Zur Beschreibung grobgranularer Schüttgüter mit zellulären Automaten... 247 W. Eisenberg and U. Renner

An approach to molecular electronics by self organization of molecular units... 253 W. Fritzsche

Ant Colony Optimization for dynamic Traveling Salesman Problems... 259 C. A. Silva and T.A. Runkler

DIGORGAO – A Digital Problem Solution Concept... 267 H. Kiesewetter

Pulse coupled neural networks with adaptive synapses for image

segmentation... 275 J. Schreiter, U. Ramacher, A. Heittmann, D. Matolin, and R. Schüffny

Towards a Selforganized Control of Wireless Multihop Ad Hoc

Communication Networks... 283 W. Krause, I. Glauche, R. Sollacher, and M. Greiner

Kreuzkatalytische Netzwerke als Wirtschaftsprinzip... 291 K.-M. Reiß

Reconfigurable OPTO-ASICs as base for future self-organizing

CMOS cameras... 297 D. Fey, D. Schmidt, and A. Loos

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Workshop

Parallel Systems and Algorithms (PASA)

... 305

Invited Talk

Quantum Computers and Their Simulation... 308 Thomas Lippert

System-on-Chip Architectures

FPGA Implementation of Cellular Automata Compared to Software

Implementation... 309 Mathias Halbach, Rolf Hoffmann, Patrick Röder

Modelling Cryptonite On the Design of a Programmable

High-Performance Crypto Processor... 318 Rainer Buchty

Parallelism in a CRC Coprocessor... 328 Andreas C. Döring

Parallel Algorithms and Cluster Computing

A Distributed SAT Solver for Microcontroller... 338 Tobias Schubert, Bernd Becker

Implementation and Evaluation of a Parallel-External Algorithm for

Cycle Structure Computation on a PC-Cluster... 348 Latifa Boursas, Jörg Keller

VIA2SISCI -- A New Library that Provides the VIA Semantics for

SCI Connected Clusters... 358 Torsten Mehlan, Wolfgang Rehm (Chemnitz)

Invited Talk

Ibis: a Java-centric Programming Environment for Computational Grids... 368 Henri E. Bal

Grid and Network Computing

Distributed and Parallel Data Mining on the Grid... 370 Tianchao Li, Toni Bollinger

File Sharing Using IP-Multicast... 380 Kai Trojahner, Peter Sobe

A Comparison of Parallel Programming Models of Network Processors... 390 Carsten Albrecht, Rainer Hagenau, Erik Maehle, Andreas Döring, Andreas Herkersdorf

System Evaluation

Modelling of Parameters in Supercomputer Workloads... 400 Baiyi Song, Carsten Ernemann, Ramin Yahyapour

On the Cache Access Behavior of OpenMP Applications... 410 Jie Tao, Wolfgang Karl