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Book Reviews

LEGAL ASPECTS OF HYPNOSIS. By William J.

Bryan, Jr., M.D., Fellow, Past President, and Executive Director, American Institute of Hypnosis, Los Angeles, Cali- fornia. Cloth. Pp. 282. Price $10.50. Charles C Thomas, Publisher, 301-327 East Lawrence Avenue, Springfield, Illi- nois, 1962.

This book has two chapters (the second and third) which give an excellent review of the laws regulat- ing the practice of hypnosis and previous court decisions concerning hypnosis. These chapters give evidence of painstaking research. The chapter fol- lowing is a hypnoanalysis of a murderer. The fre- quently discussed subject of hypnosis and crime, which has a fascination for many researchers and lay people, is reviewed in a scientific and ob- jective chapter (Chapter V).

The chapter called "Winning Cases Through Hypnosis" may shock many attorneys; it includes suggestions for relaxing nervous witnesses hyp- notically before they testify. A subheading in this chapter is "Influencing the Jury by Hypnotic Tech- niques."

The chapter on "Hypnosis and International Law"

includes some interesting and informed comments on brainwashing and similar techniques by Dr.

William J. Bryan, who was formerly Director of Medical Survival Training for the U. S. Army Air Force.

The book should be of great benefit to attorneys and those physicians interested in the legal aspects of hypnosis or in forensic medicine.

IRWIN ROTHMAN, V.M.D., D.O.

► LABORATORY MEDICINE—HEMATOLOGY. By John B. Miale, M.D., Professor of Pathology, University of Miami School of Medicine, Coral Gables, Florida; and Di- rector of Clinical Pathology, Jackson Memorial Hospital, Miami, Florida. Ed. 2. Cloth. Pp. 918, with illustrations.

Price $17.00. The C. V. Mosby Company, 3207 Washington Boulevard, St. Louis, 1962.

Approximately 4 years separate the first and second editions of this excellent textbook on the clinical pathology of the blood. The second edition is ex- panded and revised to include the numerous clari- fications and advances made in the knowledge of normal and abnormal hemopoiesis.

A relatively standard format is utilized for the most part in the presentation of this most complex subject. Normal hemopoiesis is reviewed and at all times the basic alteration in the normal pattern is emphasized in an attempt to clarify the abnormal manifestations noted in the laboratory and clini- cally. Morphologic and biochemical aspects of hemopoiesis are discussed. Of necessity the erythro- cyte dominates the discussion. Excellent reviews of the sedimentation rate of erythrocytes and the red cell hematocrit are included. These are followed by a discussion of blood volume and a short review of the application of the latter to proper transfu- sion therapy. Hemoglobinopathies are discussed briefly, but the material included is useful and well presented. The problem of myeloproliferative dis- orders and their association with each other is also well presented. A well oriented review of the clot- ting mechanism is included, although it would seem that Seeger's theories are given more empha- sis than in most other general texts of this nature.

This reviewer was interested in the short discus- sion of the bioflavonoids on pages 745 and 746 and in particular their relationship to reducing the fre- quency of bleeding in hemophilia. A recent article by Stefanini, in The Lancet, suggested improve- ment in the clinical status with the use of flavo- noids, whereas another controlled study of hemo- philiacs by the Midwest Chapter of the National Hemophilia Foundation reported in The Journal of the American Medical Association indicated that favorable therapeutic results had not been re- alized by this therapy.

An interesting section of the book is the use of case histories and photomicrographs to illustrate the findings in these cases. In spite of the use of black and white printing, the significant points are made. Throughout the text, the illustrations are generally satisfactory; many useful charts and graphs are included. The last chapter includes many useful laboratory procedures arranged in a fashion to make adaptation for personal labora- tories simple. The index is thorough.

The almost conversational tone of the presenta- tions makes this book easy to read and will be of great help to the beginner in the field. The only

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possible criticism to be entertained is relative to the extensive bibliography following each chapter.

For the most part, although these are extremely current and constitute major papers, their inclusion has no doubt increased the cost of the book. In spite of this, the book is highly recommended to all workers in hematology be they clinicians or pa- thologists. It will prove to be an excellent reference book for all practitioners utilizing the hematology sections of the clinical laboratory.

SIDNEY J. KATZ, D.O.

• SOMATIC TREATMENTS IN PSYCHIATRY. Phar- macotherapy; convulsive, insulin, surgical, other methods.

By Lothar B. Kalinowsky, M.D., Associate Professor of Neuropsychiatry, New York School of Psychiatry, New York, N.Y.; and Paul H. Hoch, M.D., Professor of Clinical Psychiatry, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, N.Y. Cloth. Pp. 413, with illustra- tions. Price $9.75. Grune and Stratton, 381 Park Avenue South, New York 16, 1961.

Although none of the somatic treatments previously described in the 1942 and 1952 editions of Shock Treatments, Psychosurgery and Other Somatic Treatments in Psychiatry, the predecessor to this book, have become obsolete, some of their indica- tions have changed. Specific points about this vol- ume are these:

In the section on convulsive treatments the techniques of muscle relaxation and anesthesia, some important research findings, and the promising inhalation convulsive method with Indoklon are among the newly added material. Insu- lin coma treatment is covered thoroughly because no up-to- date account is available of this method which in the opin- ion of many still gives the best quality of remissions in schizophrenia. As far as psychosurgery is concerned, it is hoped that the emphasis on modified operations and more limited indications will help re-establish this therapeutic approach which recent reports again showed to be an extremely useful tool in otherwise intractable cases. A special section is devoted to miscellaneous treatments, some of which are dealt with because they are probably unduly neglected, others because literature on them is not easily available, and all of them because of their possible interest for future research.

A chapter on theoretical implications has been added because this book is meant to be of equal assistance to research works as it should be to psychiatrists engaged in hospital work and private practice.

The book includes an extensive bibliography which, although not complete, is a valuable part of the work. Its usefulness as a reference work is illus- trated by the introductory statement to the table of contents: "The following table of contents contains only those subjects of most frequent reference; for items of interest not listed here, please consult the index." Both the table of contents and the index are extensive and well organized.

The first chapter in the book describes historical development. Pharmacotherapy is discussed in con-

siderable detail. Included is such significant ,infor- mation as complications of treatment, habit forma- tion and withdrawal symptoms, results of clinical investigations, and indications.

Then follow chapters on the other modes of therapy. The discussion on insulin coma details tech- nique. In addition to psychiatric and neurologic observations, there is considerable discussion of psy- chologic investigations. Some of the new informa- tion relative to psychosurgery and convulsive thera- py also includes psychologic evaluation and changes found in patients after treatment.

The book was written out of a "firm belief in the need for better integration of methods of somatic treatments in psychiatry," an objective which ap- pears to be adequately fulfilled. Essentially this is a book for the psychiatrist or resident in the field.

However, the general physician or other specialist would gain much insight into the use of pharmaco- therapy which is so commonly administered to many patients not referred for psychiatric care.

FLEDA M. BRIGHAM, D.O.

• HISTOPATHOLOGIC EFFECTS OF LOCAL ANES- THETIC DRUGS AND RELATED SUBSTANCES. By Philip Pizzolato, M.D., Assistant Chief, Laboratory Service, Veterans Administration Hospital; Clinical Associate Profes- sor of Pathology, Louisiana State University, School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana; and Walter Mannheimer, M.D., Chief, Anesthesiology, Veterans Administration Hos- pital; Associate Professor of Anesthesiology, Baylor Universi- ty, College of Medicine, Houston, Texas. Cloth. Pp. 100, with illustrations. Price $5.50. Charles C Thomas, Publisher, 301-327 East Lawrence Avenue, Springfield, Illinois, 1981.

By the use of photomicrographs, the authors pre- sent some surprising findings as to the effects of local anesthetic agents on tissue. When a physician realizes that the histopathologic changes produced by all local anesthetics can vary from a slight leuko- cytic infiltration to extensive muscle and nerve necrosis at a local level, and to transverse myelitis and death when toxic substances permeate the perineural lymphatics, he will—or should—think twice before utilizing any new so-called better local anesthetic that is promoted to him. It is in- deed unfortunate that this small monograph was published prior to experience with the latest local agent, mepivacaine hydrochloride. This agent also produces local tissue degeneration and muscle damage.

This reviewer firmly believes that, when agents are said to be clinically better than procaine hydro- chloride in usual concentrations, the advantages of shorter latent period and greater spread are gained at the expense of greater potential toxicity.

To quote from the book jacket: "For all who inject drugs, this book is significant because it will lead the anesthesiologist as well as the general

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physician to realize just how great an anatomical trespass' the injection of foreign substances may entail."

The library of the anesthesiologist will be en- hanced by this book.

A. A. GOLDEN, D.O.

► TEXTBOOK OF ANATOMY. By W. Henry Hollins- head, Ph.D., Professor of Anatomy, Mayo Foundation, Uni- versity of Minnesota; Head of the Section of Anatomy, Mayo Clinic, Rochester. Cloth. Pp. 1047, with illustrations. Price

$16.00. Paul B. Hoeber, Inc., 49 East 33rd Street, New York 16, 1962.

The author states in the Preface that the chief pur- poses of this book are "to present to the beginning student of medicine or dentistry an account of anatomical facts and concepts that he will need to know, or know where to acquire, during his years of formal study in his chosen profession; to provide a foundation of anatomical knowledge sufficient to build upon when more detailed knowledge be- comes necessary; and to help to make the study of anatomy more meaningful by emphasizing func- tional aspects and indicating some of the many ways in which anatomical knowledge influences clinical practice." The subject matter is presented in a way that "will somewhat approach the manner in which an experienced teacher might present the material to a small group." Since this volume is intended for reading rather than for reference, de- tails of interest only to specialists have been omitted, and the interested reader is referred to the author's other works, Anatomy for surgeons and Functional Anatomy of the Limbs and Back, for these details. A real effort is made, and appar- ently it will be successful, to simplify the maze of nomenclature by concentration on the N.A. (No- mina Anatomica) terms approved by the Inter- national Congress of Anatomists in 1955, with introduction of synonyms only where it seemed un- avoidable. The text is extremely well written; the explanations are clear; and the organization of the subject matter is well thought out and logical. A special word of commendation is due the excellent illustrations and index.

► PSYCHOSOMATIC MEDICINE. The First Hahnemann Symposium. Edited by John H. Nodine, M.D., Assistant Professor of Medicine; Director of Special Medical Clinic;

Head, Section of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, Hahnemann Medical College and Hospital, Phila- delphia; and John H. Moyer, M.D., Professor and Chairman of the Department of Medicine, Hahnemann Medical Col- lege and Hospital, Philadelphia. Cloth. Pp. 1002, with illus- trations. Price $16.50. Lea & Febiger, Washington Square, Philadelphia 6, 1962.

The usual symposium is devoted to research, its

methods, problems, and findings; this first Hahne- mann Symposium is definitely clinical in character, with emphasis on therapy that has proved success- ful. The text consists of 120 contributions by 135 contributors devoted to cerebral chemistry and physiology, diagnosis, and treatment of psycho- neurotic, psychosomatic and somatopsychic dis- orders seen in the office practice of psychiatry, internal medicine, and general medicine. Special attention is paid to the understanding and treat- ment of anxiety, depression, alcoholism, hyper- tension, gastrointestinal upsets, migraine and ten- sion headaches, the low back syndrome, obesity, cardiac anxiety, post-traumatic neuroses, stress re- action in surgery, progressive chronic illness, and depression of cancer. The role of tranquilizers and antidepressant drugs is clarified.

► CLASSICS OF CARDIOLOGY ( former title: Cardiac Classics ). A Collection of Classic Works on the Heart and Circulation with Comprehensive Biographic Accounts of the Authors. Volumes I and II. By Frederick A. Willius, M.D., M.S. in Med., former Chief, Section of Cardiology, Professor Emeritus of Medicine, The Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research, The Graduate School, The Uni- versity of Minnesota; and Thomas E. Keys, A.B., M.A., Librarian, The Mayo Clinic; Assistant Professor of the His- tory of Medicine, Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research, The Graduate School, The University of Minnesota; with 51 contributing authors. Paper. Pp. 858, with illustrations. Price $2.00 per volume. Dover Publica- tions, Inc., 180 Varick Street, New York 14, 1961.

Dover Publications, Inc., has made available to the student of medical history, in relatively inex- pensive form, a reprint of "Cardiac Classics," origi- nally published in 1941. It presents 52 classic articles by 51 European and American researchers, originally published between 1628 and 1912, from Harvey's "Disquisition on the Motion of the Heart and Blood in Animals" to Herrick's classic on coronary thrombosis, "Clinical Features of Sudden Obstruction of the Cornary Arteries." Each article is prefaced with very full biographical material that correlates the author's achievement with the total development of cardiolgy. Since the articles are in chronologic order, the book is in effect a complete source book of the history of cardiology. As is true of all other "Dover Books on Biology and Medi- cine," these volumes are designed to withstand years of use; they can even be rebound in cloth if that should seem desirable.

► INVESTIGATION OF CARBON DIOXIDE THER- APY. By G. K. Yacorzynski, Ph.D., Professor and Head, Division of Psychology, Department of Neurology and Psychiatry, Northwestern University Medical School, Cour- tesy Staff, Evanston Hospital; Arthur J. Atkinson, M.D., Assistant Professor, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Medical School, Attending Staff, Passavant Me-

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morial Hospital; Jerome Cohen, Ph.D., Associate Professor, Division of Psychology, Department of Neurology and Psy- chiatry, Northwestern University Medical School; and For- rest G. Shuffiebarger, M.D., Associate, Department of Neu- rology and Psychiatry, Northwestern University Medical School, Chicago, Illinois. Cloth. Pp. 313, with illustrations.

Price $9.75. Charles C Thomas, Publisher, 301-327 East Lawrence Avenue, Springfield, Illinois, 1962.

As is stated on the dust jacket of this book, "Any form of therapy invites controversy. This has been especially true of carbon dioxide." In this volume the authors report on a carefully planned study to provide answers to some of the many questions raised about this form of therapy. The results answer some of these questions: whether carbon dioxide changes the psychodynamics of personality, general adjustment to life situations, or symptoms of the patient; whether the changes occur immedi- ately after treatment or later; whether the changes are progressive. In addition, the study is so care- fully reported, with such great attention to every step of the procedures, that it can serve as a model for future investigations in many fields of medical research.

► CIBA Foundation Symposium jointly with Co-ordinating Committee for Symposia on Drug Action on ENZYMES AND DRUG ACTION. Edited by J. L. Mongar, Ph.D., Editor for the Co-ordinating Committee; and A. V. S. de Renck, M.Sc., D.I.C., Editor for the Ciba Foundation. Cloth.

Pp. 556, with illustrations. Price $12.50. Little, Brown &

Company, 34 Beacon Street, Boston 6, 1962.

This volume presents the views of 71 international authorities on the evolving concepts in biochemistry that are likely to be of importance for future ad- vances in pharmacology. Among important subjects considered are the following: inhibition of acetyl- cholinesterase; carbonic anhydrase inhibition and physiological function; action of insulin on metabol- ic reactions; digitalis; central nervous system de- pressants; relation between enzymes and cholin- ergic receptors; genetics of drug sensitivity; drug metabolism; cellular injury by drugs; protection against cellular injury by drugs; and drug-enzyme interaction.

► HYPERTENSION: RECENT ADVANCES. The Second Hahnemann Symposium on Hypertensive Disease. Edited by Albert N. Brest, M.D., Assistant Professor of Medicine, and Head, Section of Hypertension and Renology, Hahnemann Medical College and Hospital, Philadelphia, Pa.; and John H. Moyer, M.D., Professor and Chairman of the Department of Medicine, Hahnemann Medical College and Hospital, Philadelphia. Cloth. Pp. 660, with illustrations. Price $12.00.

Lea & Fehiger, Washington Square, Philadelphia 6, 1961.

The Second Hahnemann Symposium on Hyperten- sive Disease brought together 117 authorities from the United States and abroad, and their joint dis-

cussions covered practically everything known to- day about hypertension, the relation of hyperten- sion to atherosclerosis, etiological mechanisms, and pharmacology. Eleven of the papers were devoted to catecholamine metabolism and the drugs that affect it. Although the book is not profusely illus- trated, the charts and pictures that have been in- cluded are well selected and reproduced, and there is a carefully prepared index.

► CARTER'S PRINCIPLES OF MICROBIOLOGY. By Alice Lorraine Smith, A.B., M.D., F.C.A.P., F.A.C.P., Pa- thologist, J. K. and Susie L. Wadley Research Institute and Blood Bank, Dallas, Texas; Professor of Pathology, Graduate Research Institute of Baylor University, Dallas, Texas;

Associate Professor of Pathology, Baylor University College of Dentistry, Dallas, Texas; Clinical Associate Professor of Pathology, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical School, Dallas, Texas; Assistant Professor of Microbiology, Department of Nursing, Sacred Heart Dominican College and St. Joseph's Hospital, Houston, Texas; formerly In- structor in Microbiology and Pathology, Parkland Hospital School of Nursing, Dallas, Texas. Ed. 4. Cloth. Pp. 603, with illustrations. Price $6.00. The C. V. Mosby Company, 3207 Washington Boulevard, St. Louis 3, 1961.

This edition of Carter's widely used textbook is the first to appear after the death of Dr. Carter, but the present author, his former collaborator and co- author, has retained the features that made the earlier editions valuable. She has also made the necessary revisions and additions to keep the sub- ject matter abreast of the great advances in the field of microbiology since 1957. Virology and im- munology have received greatly increased atten- tion. Terminology has been revised to correspond to the principles set forth in Bergey's Manual of Determinative Bacteriology and other official pub- lications. Laboratory exercises and review exer- cises for the various units of instruction have been retained and add to the usefulness of the book for instructional purposes.

► TEXTBOOK OF PATHOLOGY WITH CLINICAL APPLICATION. By Stanley L. Robbins, M.D., Professor of Pathology, Boston University School of Medicine; Asso- ciate Director of the Mallory Institute of Pathology, Boston, Massachusetts; Lecturer, Harvard Medical School and Tufts University School of Medicine. Ed. 2. Cloth. Pp. 1190, with illustrations. Price $19.00. W. B. Saunders Company, West 'Washington Square, Philadelphia 5, 1962.

Since the publication of this widely used textbook, in 1957, much new material has been added to the stores of information that need to be included in a book on pathology. Its inclusion has necessitated considerable revision and condensation of the sub- ject matter presented in the first edition to make room for the new without unduly increasing the size of the book. In the process apparently nothing of value has been lost. The illustrations are ex-

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cellently reproduced, and the typographer has used type intelligently and effectively to stress the im- portance of various portions of the text and to emphasize the interrelationships existing among them. The text is well indexed.

► TRAUMATIC LESIONS OF PERIPHERAL VESSELS.

By Carl W. Hughes, A.B., M.D., Lt. Colonel, Medical Corps, U.S. Army; Assistant Chief, Department of Surgery, and Chief, General Surgery Service, Tripler U.S. Army Hos- pital, Honolulu, Hawaii; Certified by American Board of Surgery; Fellow, American College of Surgeons; Member, Society for Vascular Surgery; Association of Military Sur- geons of the United States; formerly Director, Division of Surgery, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, and Chief of Peripheral Vascular Surgery, Walter Reed Army Hospital;

formerly, Member of U.S. Army Surgical Research Team, Korea, and Consultant in Vascular Surgery, 8th U.S. Army, Korea; Winner of Wellcome Prize in Military Surgery for 1958; and Warner F. Bowers, A.B., B.Sc., M.D., M.S., Ph.D., Colonel, Medical Corps, U.S. Army; Chief, Department of Surgery, Tripler U.S. Army Hospital, Honolulu, Hawaii;

Certified by American Board of Surgery; Diplomate of Na- tional Board of Medical Examiners; Fellow, American Col- lege of Surgeons, and former Member, Board of Governors;

Founder Member, Central Surgical Association; Membre Titulaire, Societe Internationale de Chirurgie; Life Member, Association of Military Surgeons of the United States;

formerly, Chief Surgical Consultant to GHQ, Far East Com- mand, 1945-48, and to the Surgeon General of the Army, 1948-52; Winner of Wellcome Prize in Military Surgery for 1955. Cloth. Pp. 197, with illustrations. Price $8.00. Charles C Thomas, Publisher, 301-327 East Lawrence Avenue, Springfield, Illinois, 1961.

The authors' objective is to present the detailed surgical care of traumatic lesions of peripheral ves- sels, with special emphasis on restoration of normal blood flow. Although vascular injuries are now rather uncommon in civilian life and many sur- geons have not had opportunity to work with such lesions, daily life in an age of increasing mechaniza- tion and speed will eventually involve an increase in such injuries, and an increase in the need for immediate skilled management. The opening chap- ters of the book deal with the historical background of the treatment of acute and chronic peripheral vessel lesions and the experimental background of the development of the various techniques and prosthetic devices for bridging vascular defects. In the chapters dealing with the clinical status of the facets of the specialty, how-to-do-it directions are given for the best approved and tested procedures;

then each specific traumatic lesion is considered separately as to fundamental pathophysiology, methods of diagnosis, forms of therapy, and criteria of success.

► SURGERY OF THE AMBULATORY CHILD. By S.

Frank Redo, Surgeon in charge of Pediatric Surgery, Depart- ment of Surgery, The New York Hospital; Associate Attend- ing Surgeon, The New York Hospital; Assistant Professor of

Surgery, Cornell University Medical College. Cloth. Pp. 340, with illustrations. Price $8.50. Appleton-Century-Crofts, Inc., 34 West 33rd Street, New York 1, 1961.

Pediatricians, surgeons, and general practitioners are frequently called upon to deal with children in need of elective or minor surgical procedures.

Parents of such children take them to their doctor rather than to the emergency room of a hospital, because they assume that such injuries will not necessitate hospitalization. In this slim book the author sets forth the criteria for the selection of patients who should be cared for on an ambulatory basis, describes vividly the technical aspects of the procedures commonly employed, and presents the fundamental concepts for understanding the fears and feelings of the very young.

► CLINICAL ASPECTS OF GENETICS. The Proceed- ings of a Conference held in London at the Royal College of Physicians of London, 17th-18th March 1961. Edited by F. Avery Jones. Paper. Pp. 190, with illustrations. Price

$6.00. J. B. Lippincott Company, East Washington Square, Philadelphia 5, 1961.

This book is practically a verbatim transcript of the presentations and discussions of an introductory session, two clinical sessions, and a session on chromosomal aberrations, and one on biochemical genetics. In the introductory session, a paper on elementary principles of genetics seems to have been delivered; in place of the paper (or talk), an editor's note informs the reader: "The Conference opened with a talk by Dr. J. A. Fraser Roberts who demonstrated, with a series of slides, the elemen- tary principles of genetics. A Discussion was then held, the transcript of which now follows." What follows is indeed a discussion, but since the dis- cussers' statements seem not to have been modified to give the reader a clue as to what they were dis- cussing, not a great deal of value is to be found in these pages. Among the subjects covered in the rest of the book are muscular dystrophy and related disorders, heredity of mental diseases, congenital abnormalities, human chromosomes, sex chromo- some aberrations, mongolism, inborn errors of metabolism, drug sensitivity, resistant rickets, ab- normal hemoglobins, heredity and the alimentary tract, genetics and neurology, genetic advice to patients, and complexities of inheritance in man.

► PEDIATRIC DIAGNOSIS. Interpretation of Signs and Symptoms in Different Age Periods. By Morris Green, M.D., Associate Professor of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine; Director, Kiwanis Diagnostic and Outpatient Center, James Whitcomb Riley Hospital for Children; and Julius B. Richmond, M.D., Professor and Chairman of the Department of Pediatrics, State University of New York College of Medicine at Syracuse. Ed. 2. Cloth. Pp. 541, with illustrations. Price $13.00. W. B. Saunders Company, West Washington Square, Philadelphia 5, 1962.

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The second edition of this book retains the fea- tures that made the first valuable: a recognition that the child is not a miniature adult and an em- phasis on diagnosis, with therapy and other phases of pediatrics introduced only as necessary. In the eight years since the publication of the first edition, pediatrics has concerned itself more and more with the psychosocial aspects of childhood, and this growing concern has been reflected in the new ma- terial that has been included in this edition. Among the new chapters are those on dysphagia, delirium, chest pain, irritability, vertigo, and headaches. The chapter on the pediatric history, the chapter on the pediatric physical examination, and the section on health supervision, from prenatal considerations through adolescence, seem of particular value.

f. RECENT ADVANCES IN ANATOMY. Second Series.

Edited by F. Coldby, M.A., M.D., M.R.C.P., Professor of Anatomy, University of London, St. Mary's Hospital Medical School; and R. J. Harrison, M.A., M.D., D.Sc., Professor of Anatomy, University of London, London Hospital Medical College. Cloth. Pp. 477, with illustrations. Price $12.50.

Little, Brown and Company, 34 Beacon Street, Boston 6, 1962.

In this little volume ten British contributors present a panoramic view of the most important develop- ments that have occurred in anatomy over the past thirty-four years. Among subjects discussed are the following: the cell and the cytology of exocrine secretion; endocrine glands; cells in reproduction and reproductive organs; the fine structure of enamel; some recent work on the brain and spinal cord; liver, spleen and kidney, with special refer- ence to the blood supply; and the evolution of the higher primates.

• STRABISMUS. Symposium of the New Orleans Acad- emy of Ophthalmology. By Raynold N. Berke, M.D., Hackensack, N. J., Diplomate, American Board of Ophthal- mology; Assistant Clinical Professor of Ophthalmology, Columbia University, New York, N. Y.; Attending Oph- thalmologist, Eye Institute, Presbyterian Hospital, New York, N. Y.; Consultant in Ophthalmology, Hackensack Hos- pital, Hackensack, N. J.; Harold Whaley Brown, M.D., New York, N. Y., Diplomate, American Board of Ophthalmology;

Clinical Professor of Ophthalmology, New York University Postgraduate Medical School, New York, N. Y.; Attending Ophthalmologist, Manhattan Eye, Ear, and Throat Hospital, New York, N. Y.; Director of Myology, Brooklyn Eye and Ear Hospital, Brooklyn, N. Y.; Consultant in Ophthalmic Myology, Newark Eye and Ear Infirmary, Newark, N. J.;

Consultant Ophthalmologist, New York Eye and Ear In- firmary, New York, N. Y.; Consultant Ophthalmologist, St.

Clare's Hospital, New York, N. Y.; David G. Cogan, M.D., Boston, Mass., Diplomate, American Board of Ophthal- mology; Professor of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass.; Director, Howe Laboratory of Oph- thalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Boston, Mass.; Surgeon, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Bos- ton, Mass.; Chief Editor, Archives of Ophthalmology; John

Woodworth Henderson, M.D., Ph.D., Ann Arbor, Mien., Diplomate, American Board of Ophthalmology; Professor of Ophthalmology, The University of Michigan Medical school, Ann Arbor, Mich.; Consultant, St. Joseph Mercy Hospital, Ann Arbor, Mich.; Consultant, Veterans Administration Hos- pital, Ann Arbor, Mich.; Arthur Jampolsky, M.D., San Fran- cisco, Calif., Diplomate, American Board of Ophthalmology;

Director, Eye Research Institute, Presbyterian Medical Cen- ter, San Francisco, Calif.; Assistant Clinical Professor of Surgery (Ophthalmology), Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, Calif.; Consultant, Base Hospital, USAF Travis Air Force Base, Calif.; Consultant, U.S. Naval Hospital, Oakland, Calif.; Vision Committee, Executive Council, National Research Council; Marshall M. Parks, M.D., Washington, D.C., Diplomate, American Board of Ophthalmology; Attending Ophthalmologist, Children's Hos- pital, Washington, D.C.; Attending Ophthalmologist, Wash- ington Hospital Center, Washington, D.C.; Clinical Instruc- tor in Pediatrics in Ophthalmology, Georgetown University School of Medicine, Washington, D.C.; Consultant in Oph- thalmology, Walter Reed Army Medical Center, Washing- ton, D.C.; Consultant in Ophthalmology, Bethesda Naval Hospital, Bethesda, Md., and edited by George M. Haik, M.D., New Orleans, La., Diplomate, American Board of Ophthalmology; Professor of Ophthalmology and Head of the Department, Louisiana State University School of Medi- cine, New Orleans, La.; Ophthalmic Surgeon, American College of Surgeons; Member, American Ophthalmological Society; Member, American Academy of Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology. Cloth. Pp. 369, with illustrations. Price

$18.00. The C. B. Mosby Company, 3207 Washington Boulevard, St. Louis 3, 1962.

This volume is devoted to the extraocular muscles;

the approach to their problems is on a neuroanatom- ic and neurophysiologic basis rather than a purely anatomic basis. Also discussed are the common esotropias, exotropias, and hypertropias, the A and V syndromes, the accommodative convergence- accommodation ratio, and pleoptics.

■ TOBACCO AND HEALTH. Edited by George James, M.D., Deputy Commissioner, Department of Health; Ad- junct Associate Professor, Public Health Practice, Columbia University School of Public Health and Administrative Medi- cine, New York City; and Theodore Rosenthal, M.D., As- sistant Commissioner, Department of Health; Clinical Pro- fessor of Preventive Medicine, New York University College of Medicine, New York City. Cloth. Pp. 408, with illustra- tions. Price $13.75. Charles C Thomas, Publisher, 301-327 East Lawrence Avenue, Springfield, Illinois, 1962.

Evidence is accumulating that there is a strong association between smoking and lung cancer, and recently significant evidence seems to link cigarette smoking with deaths attributed to coronary heart disease, peptic ulcer, bronchitis, and pulmonary fibrosis. To confirm or disprove such a causal rela- tionship, the New York Academy of Medicine and the New York State Academy of Preventive Medi- cine jointly sponsored a scientific review of the entire question of tobacco and health; the discus- sants included prominent research scientists who have won recognition for evidence they have al- ready compiled on one side or the other of the

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controversy. The discussions recorded in this vol- ume cover the chemistry and pharmacology of tobacco smoke, experimental pathology of tobacco smoke, interpretation of statistical and epidemio- logical data relating smoking to disease, smoking and lung cancer; and other diseases relating to smok- ing. The closing sentences of the chapter on tobacco allergy and vascular responses give as good a cri- tique and summation of the book as one can pos- sibly find: " . . . we who are concerned with vas- cular responses are at a great distance from the answer to the essential question—`to smoke or not to smoke.' However, we feel strongly that the an- swer will not be a simple yes or no; that it will be qualified and, we hope, that such qualification will be based on sound and reliable information. If we are humble and will accept Pascal's religious phi- losophy, as well as his teachings in science, we may find comfort in the words of his God: 'Console yourself, you would not seek me if you had not found me.—

• TUMORS OF THE BREAST. Their Pathology, Symp- toms, Diagnosis and Treatment. By Max Cutler, M.D., Associate Attending Surgeon, Cedars of Lebanon Hospital;

Surgical Staff Saint John's Hospital; Chief, Breast Service, Cancer Detection Clinic; formerly Director Chicago Tumor Institute; Consultant Tumor Clinic and Director Cancer Research U.S. Veterans Administration, Hines, Illinois, and Washington, D.C. Cloth. Pp. 482, with illustrations. Price

$22.50. J. B. Lippincott Company, East Washington Square, Philadelphia 5, 1962.

The present volume is in the nature of a revision, expansion, and continuation of Sir G. L. Cheatle's Tumours of the Breast, published in 1931. Cutler was associated with Cheatle in the preparation of that work, and the two men were again associated in the Chicago Tumor Institute in attempts to cor- relate the clinical manifestations of breast cancer with the gross and histologic patterns already described. Consequently, this book can logically be considered as the outgrowth of Cheatle's 35 years' study and Cutler's 30 years' study of normal and abnormal conditions of the breast. It brings up to date and makes accessible to the reader the pertinent facts in the etiology, pathology, diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of breast tumors. Among the new material included are the sections of the effects of pregnancy and lactation on the prognosis of breast cancer; bilateral breast cancer; rare tu- mors; the question of simple mastectomy; and ex- tended radical surgery. A new chapter on hormones has been added.

Except for the illustrations reproduced from Cheatle and Cutler's previous book, the illustra- tions are of high quality and are well selected; the reproduced halftones are marred by a double screen, which gives an unpleasant "watered silk"

effect that detracts from the clarity and distinctness of the photomicrographs. The bibliographies and the index are excellent.

• THE NATURE OF SLEEP. CIBA Foundation Sympo- sium. Edited by G. E. W. Wolstenholme, O.B.E., M.A., M.B., M.R.C.P.; and Maeve O'Connor, B.A. Cloth. Pp. 416, with illustrations. Price $10.00. Little, Brown and Company, 24 Beacon Street, Boston 6, 1961.

"When we consider the immense human signifi- cance of sleep, the absolute necessity for us to spend a considerable part of our lives in abject mental annihilation, it is remarkable how little we know about it, how little we can say to account for the necessity of sleep. It is one of those extra- ordinarily common things which we all accept, perhaps not thinking that there are immense scien- tific problems there." These sentences were part of the chairman's opening remarks to the thirty-two other members of the Ciba Foundation symposium.

During the symposium a vast amount of pertinent research, most of it concerned with electroencepha- lographic observations, was presented and dis- cussed. The presentations and discussion are the subject matter of this volume. Although they answer some questions, they leave myriads of questions unanswered. "The Ciba Foundation will be well rewarded if this book awakens fresh inter- est and stimulates new experiments to unravel the mysteries still surrounding one-third of our natural life."

• CLINICAL OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY. Vol- ume 5, Number 1. The Newborn: Edited by Michael New- ton, M.D. Office Gynecology: Edited by Roger B. Scott, M.D., Cloth. Pp. 320, with illustrations. Price $18.00 a year.

Paul B. Hoeber, Inc., 49 East 33rd Street, New York 16, 1962.

The small size of this volume should suggest that neither of the subjects treated can be dealt with comprehensively and exhaustively; the individual topics, however, receive full and comprehensive treatment. The previous volumes of the series must be consulted for information not provided here.

The following subjects are dealt with in the first symposium: respiration and the cardiovascular sys- tem; immediate care of the newborn; the normal course and management of lactation; world-wide care of the mother and newborn child; hyperbili- rubinemia of the newborn; detection, control, and treatment of hospital-acquired staphylococcal dis- ease in maternity-nursery units; respiratory-distress syndrome in the newborn; and perinatal mortality.

The symposium on office gynecology deals with the following subjects: cytology and its office applica- tion as viewed by the pathologist and as viewed

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by the clinician; office management of cervical erosions and other benign cervical lesions; office application of the fern test; vulvar lesions amenable to office therapy; the melancholies of menstruation, or premenstrual tension; Rubin's test and hystero- salpingography; office management of acute pelvic and urinary-tract infections; geriatric office practice

—pessaries, atrophic vaginitis, gynecologic aspects of osteoporosis; role of the gynecologist in psycho- somatic illness; and when does ovarian or adnexal enlargement cease to be an office problem?

It* PROGRESS IN RADIATION THERAPY. Volume 2.

Edited by Franz Buschke, M.D., Professor of Radiology, University of California, School of Medicine, San Francisco;

with 17 contributors. Cloth. Pp. 266, with illustrations.

Price $12.50. Grupe & Stratton, Inc., 381 Park Avenue South, New York 16, 1962.

In line with the policy set forth in the first volume of this series, the editor has selected for discussion

"problems of fundamental biological, physical, or clinical importance which have immediate applica- tion to clinical radiation therapy." Among subjects discussed are renal irradiation; radiotolerance of cartilage and bone in clinical irradiation; the place of cesium-137 in radiotherapy; periodic fractionation of treatment; oxygen as a radiotherapeutic adjuvant;

radiation and surger y; the relative place of chemo- therapy and radiation therapy; Hodgkin's disease;

reirradiation; limitations of histologic diagnosis;

place of radiobiology in the training of radiothera- pists; and radiation therapy in a small community.

The final chapter is devoted to the approach to the cancer problem in the Soviet Union.

■ RELIEF OF SYMPTOMS. By Walter Modell, M.D., F.A.C.P., Director of Clinical Pharmacology and Associate Professor of Pharmacology, Cornell University Medical Col- lege, New York, N. Y.; Attending Physician, New York Veter- ans Administration Hospital, New York, N. Y.; Associate Visiting Physician, Bellevue Hospital, New York, N. Y.;

Member, General Committee on Revision, United States Pharmacopeia XVII; Editor, Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics. Ed. 2. Cloth. Pp. 374, with illustrations. Price

$11.50. The C. V. Mushy Company, 3207 Washington Boulevard, St. Louis 3, 1961.

Modell states his stand in the Preface to this book:

" . . . what the symptom causes can be as impor- tant as what causes the symptom and, therefore, that the relief of distressing symptoms comprises an exceedingly important part of modern medical

care; further, in view of our understanding of the effect of reactions to stress and because of the effective agents now available, to ignore tfie pa- tient's distress is to deprive him of a significant part of what modern medicine has to offer." Every- thing discussed in the book bears directly on the relief of symptoms and is planned to serve as a basis for relieving them. The twenty-seven symp- toms discussed do not comprise an exhaustive list, but they include more than 95 per cent of those that bring patients to a doctor's office. The author recognizes the justice of the arguments (1) that there are inherent dangers in therapy that removes symptoms but does not similarly affect the disease process, for symptoms may serve a useful purpose, ( 2 ) that relief of symptoms may distract attention and interest from diagnosis and etiologic therapy, and ( 3 ) that serious reactions may be a direct and immediate consequence of drugs used to relieve symptoms. He asserts, however, that each of these arguments is valid only when it weighs more heavily than all the benefits of a well-organized plan for relief, which may be summarized as improving function, reducing or eliminating reactions to dis- tress and anxiety, providing protection, and furnish- ing a better setting for the rest that the patient may require.

■ CARDIOPULMONARY DATA FOR CHILDREN AND YOUNG ADULTS. By Donald E. Cassels, M.D., Professor of Pediatrics, University of Chicago Medical School; and Minerva Morse, Ph.D., The Department of Pediatrics, Uni- versity of Chicago Medical School. Cloth. Pp. 134, with illustrations. Price $7.00. Charles C Thomas, Publisher, 301- 327 East Lawrence Avenue, Springfield, Illinois, 1962.

The authors have accumulated and present in monograph form a mass of data on the respiration and circulation of children and young adults. The data separate themselves into those related to the blood, those related to respiration at rest and during exercise, and those related to the circulation at rest and during exercise. All the data were obtained in the same laboratory and under the supervision of the same person, the junior author, and the results are therefore comparable. Although most of the hook is devoted to children and adults without disease, a special section has been devoted to physiological aspects of the circulation and respira- tion of patients with congenital heart disease; an- other special section concerns the circulation and respiration of patients with kyphoscoliosis.

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