Summarize
Summarize
Connect to the Text
1.What do you know about
summarizing? What words come
to mind?
2. How do you summarize?
What do we already
What do we already
know?
to create a concise, condensed
account of the original;
to present the substance
or general idea in brief form;
to cover the main points
Summarize
--“
“
Practice in summarizing
Practice in summarizing
improves students’ reading
improves students’ reading
comprehension of fiction and
comprehension of fiction and
nonfiction alike, helping
nonfiction alike, helping
them construct an overall
them construct an overall
understanding of a text,
understanding of a text,
story, chapter, or article.”
story, chapter, or article.”
(Rinehart, Stahl & Erickson, 1986) (Rinehart, Stahl & Erickson, 1986)
Why summarize?
Look at the title. Look at the title.
Look at the first and Look at the first and
last paragraph. last paragraph.
Ask yourself: “What is discussed through the Ask yourself: “What is discussed through the
whole section?” whole section?”
Look at captions, pictures, words in bold, and Look at captions, pictures, words in bold, and
headings for clues to the topic. headings for clues to the topic.
What do they all have in common? What do they all have in common?
Authors often
Authors often plantplant important ideas in: important ideas in:
Details that reflect the titleDetails that reflect the title
Details at the beginning of textDetails at the beginning of text
Details at the endDetails at the end
Surprises or revelationsSurprises or revelations
RepetitionsRepetitions
Lots of attention given to a detailLots of attention given to a detail
Subheads and italicized textSubheads and italicized text
Changes in character, tone, mood, setting, Changes in character, tone, mood, setting, plot
plot
A question near the beginning or endA question near the beginning or end
Who?
Who?
What?
What?
When?
When?
Where?
Where?
How?
How?
Why?
Why?
Reciprocal Teaching
Reciprocal Teaching
The most important ideas in this
The most important ideas in this
text are…
text are…
This book was about…
This book was about…
First… Next… Then… Finally…
First… Next… Then… Finally…
This story takes place…
This story takes place…
Somebody/Wanted/
Somebody/Wanted/
But
But
/So Then
/So Then
Reading Skills Important
to Summarization
•
Conflict/Resolution
•
Character Differences, Goals,
and Motivations
Excerpt from The Necklace
Mrs. Loisel wanted to be rich and wanted to go to the dance. BUT she didn’t have the
right clothes and jewelry. SO she shamed her husband into buying her a dress and
she borrowed a necklace. THEN Mrs. Loisel wanted to give back the necklace after she wore it. BUT she had lost it. SO she and her husband had to find a new one and
3
3
Things You Found Out
Things You Found Out
2
2
Interesting Facts
Interesting Facts
1
1
Question You Still Have
Question You Still Have
3 – 2 – 1 Strategy
Title of Text
to be
Summarized
Key word (s) Summarizing
Fourth text
chunk
Key word (s) Summarizing
First text
chunk
Key word (s) Summarizing
Third text
chunk
Key word (s) Summarizing