Electrolyte
Challenge
Measure electrolytes in gatorade and fruit juices #1025
Table of Contents
Project abstract …... pg. Question/Problem & Hypothesis……… pg. Background Research ……….. pg. Experiment Materials……….. pg. Experiment Procedures……….. pg. Experiment Variables ………. pg Data Table………….. ………. pg Analysis Graphs/Charts……….. pg Analysis………. ……….……….. pg Conclusion…………. ……….. pg Biblical Principle ……….. pg
Appendix (photographs etc)………….……….. pg
Bibliography………pg
A
BSTRACTTo investigate whether or not sports drinks such as Gatorade and water have more electrolytes than orange juice (freshly squeezed). My hypothesis was that either water or Gatorade will have more electrolytes compared to Orange Juice because more and more TV commercials these days promote these sports drinks as the only source of replenishment of electrolytes after heavy work out, playing sports, or strenuous exercise. Knowing the drinks which have high concentration of electrolytes will help people suffering from problems such as kidney diseases or dehydration pick a drink they like that will replenish their electrolytes effectively. In underdeveloped tropical countries where sports drinks are either unavailable or expensive, orange juice can be used to replace electrolytes. Also, since coconut water has a higher electrolyte concentration than many sports drinks, professional sports teams can also incorporate this drink during strenuous activities along with the sports drinks that they already use.
Questions & Hypothesis The experiment is to measure gatorade and juice and see which one has more. “I hypothesize that gatorade has more than juice.”
B ACKGROUND R ESEARCH
Electrolytes help the body function and they have chemicals that conduct electricity when mixed with water. They help nerve and muscle function, help hydrate the body and blood acidity. So which has the most electrolytes?
But just like anything, too many electrolytes can be unhealthy. Too much sodium, formally referred to as hypernatremia, can cause dizziness, vomiting, and diarrhea. Too much potassium, known as hyperkalemia, can impact your kidney function and cause heart arrhythmia, nausea, and an irregular pulse. Electrolytes need to be maintained in an even balance for your body to function properly. Otherwise, vital body systems can be affected. Severe electrolyte imbalances can cause serious problems such as comma, seizures, and cardiac arrest.
Electrolytes are electrically charged minerals and compounds that help your body do much of its work — producing energy and contracting your muscles, for example. Sodium, chloride, potassium and calcium are all types of electrolytes. Electrolytes are essential minerals—like sodium , calcium , and potassium —that are vital to many key functions in the body.
They are often talked about in association with dehydration and mentioned in ads for sports drinks that promise to replace electrolytes lost through sweat. Sodium, calcium, potassium, chloride, phosphate, and magnesium are all electrolytes. You get them from the foods you eat and the fluids you drink. The levels of electrolytes in your body can become too low or too high. This can happen when the amount of water in your body changes.
Natural Fruit Juices. Drinks like Coconut Water, Orange Juice, or Lemon-Infused Water are all hydrating options that contain electrolytes. They are a great choice for anyone who values drinking things that are only from nature. Each drink has 160 milligrams of sodium and 45 milligrams of potassium per 12-ounce serving. Gatorade also contains 80 calories in a 12-ounce serving. Exercising diminishes the body's storage of fluids and minerals, which must be replaced. If one is engaged in light exercise, a glass or two of water will be enough to replace a body’s electrolytes.
Light exercise would be something like gym class. However, if one is exercising
persistently (such as training for a marathon, or a high level soccer game), it will take more than just a glass or two to replenish the salts a body loses when it sweats and those salts are called electrolytes. Electrolytes are essential in one’s blood and for their health. Many systems in the human body such as the nervous system and cardiovascular system need electrolytes to function well. Electrolytes can and cannot be received through natural juices, such as orange juice. One main problem with juices is that they have high concentrations of carbohydrates which are not good for rehydrating during exercise, but they are good for morning drinks.
On the other hand, to measure electrolytes in this project, you will be using a multimeter. A multimeter is an electronic device that measures voltage, current, and resistance. However, you will be using an ammeter part of the multimeter and that measures the current. You will use it to measure conductance, which is proportional to the electrolyte concentration. Electrolytes are charged particles that carry current in solution. The conductance of the solution depends on the concentration of the electrolytes. In order to measure a current in the solutions, you have to apply a voltage. You will use a 9-volt (V) battery to source the voltage. Conductance is measured in
units, called Siemens, and has the symbol G. Current has a symbol of C and it is measured in amperes (amp). Voltage is measured in volts (V).
E XPERIMENT :
Materials List
● A small Gatorade bottle. (any flavor) ● Any fruit juice. 1 cup
● millimeter ● little containers ● sharpie ● white tape Procedures 1. get Gatorade
2. Next set the multimeter
3. Then measure the electrolytes.
4. clean the multimeter so it doesn't read the liquid wrong 5. Next get a fruit juice (1 cup and any flavor)
6. Then measure the electrolytes in the juice. 7. Then clean it again
8. measure the water 9. Last compare the data.
Variables List the variables to be observed indicating which variables you may be changing or affecting.
1) DEPENDENT/RESPONDING Amount of electrolytes
INDEPENDENT/MANIPULATED Fruit juice
2) CONSTANTS Use a multimeter to measure electrolytes
D ATA C OLLECTION
You have to measure each drink carefully because if you accidentally have another liquid on the millimeter it could completely throw it off and have more electrolytes than it initially has. The experiment shows that the orange juice has more electrolytes than the Gatorade and water which was a surprise. I put each drink in a little cup and labels each cup.
A NALYSIS
I was looking over and over again for science fair ideas that had to do with technology and chemistry, until I found the one website that had a great idea. I borrowed the idea. I thought that Gatorade would have the most electrolytes because MLB players drink Gatorade, and then run for miles.I started out my experiment with making a simple conductance sensor which consisted of a piece of a straw and two pieces of copper wire. Then, I put all the liquids into a bowl and onto a scale so they would all be the same weight which was around 1one pound. I also made the temperature the same and the temperature I set on was 19.4 degrees celsius.After that,
drinks test 1 test 2
Gatorade
3.5 milli
3.2 milli
Orange juice
4.5 milli
4.7 milli
I made a conductance measuring circuit with a digital multimeter. In order to measure my conductance I had to set the multimeter to “200μ.” Once I finished measuring and recording my data, I started to convert the M’s to Amps (amperes.) Then I used an equation from Ohm’s law to convert the Amps to conductance. The equation was conductance measured in siemens was equal to the current in amps over voltage. I already knew that the voltage was 9V because I used a 9V battery. Then I just got my answer in conductance and calculated an average.
Data:
These are my averages. Orange juice had an average of 4.2. The average for Gatorade was 3.4. The water was 0.2. All these measurements were converted to siemens.Conclusion :
Overall my hypothesis was wrong. The orange juice had more electrolytes than Gatorade. And the water has the least amount of electrolytes
Biblical Principle: John 4:14:
“But whoever drinks the water that I will give him will never be thirsty again. The water that I will give him will become in him a spring of water welling up to eternal life.” I had chosen this bible verse because it talks about drinks and being thirsty.
Student Learning Expectations: A2 “Are skilled problem solvers that utilize critical and creative thinking skills”. I had chosen this SLE because I had to find out how many electrolytes are in each drink and that commercials for gatorade are always saying that their drink is the most thirst quenching drink. I am a skilled problem solver by finding out that orange juice has more electrolytes than Gatorade.
Works CIted
"Beginner Tip: Presenting Your Page with Style." Webmaster Tips Newsletter. July 2000. NetMechanic. 13 Oct. 2002. WEB. <http://www.netmechanic.com/news/vol3/beginner_no7.htm>.
https://www.openbible.info/topics/eggs Elevate Science textbook
Holy bible Saint Joseph
https://www.healthline.com/nutrition/electrolytes
https://www.epicurious.com/expert-advice/the-7-best-drinks-for-dehydration-article https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/323211
