VSICM6__M10_HostScalability

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Host Scalability

Module 10 Module 10

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Y

ou

Are Here

1.

1. Course IntroductionCourse Introduction

2.

2. Software-Defined Data Center Software-Defined Data Center

3.

3. Creating Virtual MachinesCreating Virtual Machines

4.

4. vCenter Server vCenter Server

5.

5. Configuring and ManagingConfiguring and Managing Virtual Networks

Virtual Networks

6.

6. Configuring and ManagingConfiguring and Managing Virtual Storage

Virtual Storage

7.

7. Virtual Machine ManagementVirtual Machine Management

8.

8. Resource Management andResource Management and Monitoring

Monitoring

9.

9. vSphere HA and vSphere FaultvSphere HA and vSphere Fault Tolerance

Tolerance

10.

10. Host ScalabilityHost Scalability

11.

11. vSphere Update Manager andvSphere Update Manager and

Host Maintenance Host Maintenance

12.

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Importance

As you scale your

As you scale your VMware vSphere® VMware vSphere® environment, you environment, you must be awaremust be aware of the vSphere features and functions that will

of the vSphere features and functions that will help you manage thehelp you manage the hosts in your environment.

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Learner Objectives

By the end of this module, you should be able to meet the following By the end of this module, you should be able to meet the following objectives:

objectives:

•• Describe the functions of a Describe the functions of a VMware vSphere® Distributed ResourceVMware vSphere® Distributed Resource Scheduler™

Scheduler™ cluster cluster

•• Create a vSphere DRS cluster Create a vSphere DRS cluster

•• View information about a vSphere DRS cluster View information about a vSphere DRS cluster

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vSphere DRS Cluster

Prerequisites

vSphere DRS works best when the virtual

vSphere DRS works best when the virtual machines meet VMwaremachines meet VMware vSphere® vMotion® migration requirements.

vSphere® vMotion® migration requirements. T

To use vSphere o use vSphere DRS for load DRS for load balancing, the hosts balancing, the hosts in the cluster in the cluster must bemust be part of a vSphere vMotion migration network.

part of a vSphere vMotion migration network.

•• If not, vSphere DRS can sIf not, vSphere DRS can still make initial placement recommendations.till make initial placement recommendations.

T

To use shared o use shared storage, configure all hosts storage, configure all hosts in the in the cluster:cluster:

•• VVolumes must be accessible by all olumes must be accessible by all hosts.hosts.

•• VVolumes must be large enough to store all virtual disks olumes must be large enough to store all virtual disks for your virtualfor your virtual machine.

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vSphere DRS Cluster

Settings: Automatio

n Level

Configure the automation level for the initial

Configure the automation level for the initial placement of virtualplacement of virtual

machines and dynamic balancing while virtual machines are running. machines and dynamic balancing while virtual machines are running.

Automation Level Settings

Migration threshold guides selection

of virtual machines for migration.

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Other Cluster Settings: Swap File Location for

vSphere DRS

Store the virtual machine’s swap file with the

Store the virtual machine’s swap file with the virtual machine or in avirtual machine or in a specified datastore.

specified datastore.

VMware recommends that you store the swap file in

VMware recommends that you store the swap file in the same directorythe same directory as the virtual machine.

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vSphere DRS Cluster Settings:

Virtual Machine Affinity

vSphere DRS affinity rules vSphere DRS affinity rules specify that selected virtual specify that selected virtual machines be placed either machines be placed either on

on

the same host (affinity) or on the same host (affinity) or on separate hosts

separate hosts (anti-affinity).(anti-affinity). Affinity rules:

Affinity rules:

•• Use for multi-virtual machineUse for multi-virtual machine systems where virtual

systems where virtual machines communicate machines communicate heavily with one another. heavily with one another.

Anti-affinity

Anti-affinity rules:rules:

•• Use for multi-virtual machineUse for multi-virtual machine systems where load balance systems where load balance or high availability is desired. or high availability is desired.

Options:

•

• Keep Virtual Machines TogetherKeep Virtual Machines Together

•

• Separate Virtual MachinesSeparate Virtual Machines

•

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vSphere DRS Cluster Settings:

DRS Groups

DRS groups are used in DRS groups are used in defining VM-Host affinity defining VM-Host affinity rules.

rules.

Types of DRS groups: Types of DRS groups:

•• A A group of virtual machinesgroup of virtual machines

•• A A group of hostsgroup of hosts

A

A virtual machine virtual machine can belongcan belong to multiple virtual machine to multiple virtual machine DRS groups.

DRS groups. A

A host can belong host can belong to multipleto multiple host DRS groups.

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vSphere DRS Cluster Settings: VM-Host Affinity Rules

A

A VM-Host afVM-Host affinity rule:finity rule:

•• Specifies an affinitySpecifies an affinity

relationship between a virtual relationship between a virtual machine DRS group and a machine DRS group and a host DRS group

host DRS group

•• Is either a required rule or aIs either a required rule or a preferential rule

preferential rule

Other options:

Must run on hosts in group,

Must Not run on hosts in group,

Should Not run on hosts in group

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VM-Host Affinity Rule:

Preferential

A

A preferential rule preferential rule is softly enforced is softly enforced and can be violated and can be violated if necessaryif necessary.. Example: Separate virtual machines on

Example: Separate virtual machines on different blade systems.different blade systems.

Group A

Group A _{Group B}_{Group B}

Blade Chassis A

Blade Chassis A _{Blade Chassis B}_{Blade Chassis B}

vSphere DRS Cluster vSphere DRS Cluster

X

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VM-Host Affinity Rule: Required

A

A required rule required rule is strictly enforced is strictly enforced and can never be and can never be violated.violated. Example: Enforce host-based ISV licensing.

Example: Enforce host-based ISV licensing.

Group A Group A ISV-Licensed ISV-Licensed vSphere DRS Cluster vSphere DRS Cluster

X

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vSphere DRS Cluster Settings: Automation at the Virtual Machine

Level

Y

You can customize the ou can customize the automation level for individual automation level for individual virtual machines invirtual machines in a cluster to override the automation level

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Adding a Host to a Cluster

When adding a host or

When adding a host or moving a host into a moving a host into a vSphere DRS clustervSphere DRS cluster, you, you can keep the resource pool hierarchy of the

can keep the resource pool hierarchy of the existing host.existing host.

•• If vSphere DRS is not If vSphere DRS is not enabled, host resources pools are lost.enabled, host resources pools are lost.

For example, add sc-quail04

For example, add sc-quail04 to Lab Cluster.to Lab Cluster.

When adding the host, choose to create a When adding the host, choose to create a

resource

resource pool for this host’s virtualpool for this host’s virtual machines and resource pools. machines and resource pools.

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Viewing vSphere DRS Cluster

Information

The cluster

The cluster SummarySummary tab provides information specific to vSphere DRS.tab provides information specific to vSphere DRS. Clicking the

Clicking the vSphere DRSvSphere DRS link on thelink on the Monitor Monitor tab displays CPU andtab displays CPU and memory utilization per host.

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Viewing vSphere DRS Recommendations

The

The DRSDRS tab displays information about the vSphere DRStab displays information about the vSphere DRS

recommendations made for the cluster, the faults that occurred in recommendations made for the cluster, the faults that occurred in applying such recommendations, and the history of vSphere DRS applying such recommendations, and the history of vSphere DRS actions. actions. Apply a subset of Apply a subset of recommendations. recommendations. Apply all Apply all recommendations. recommendations. Refresh recommendations. Refresh recommendations.

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Monitoring Cluster Status

View the inventory hierarchy for the cluster state. View the inventory hierarchy for the cluster state. You can view the cluster’s

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Maintenance Mode and Standby Mode

To service a host in a cluster, for example, to install more memory, or To service a host in a cluster, for example, to install more memory, or remove a host from a cluster, you must place the host in maintenance remove a host from a cluster, you must place the host in maintenance mode:

mode:

•• Virtual machines on the host should be migrated to another host or shut down.Virtual machines on the host should be migrated to another host or shut down.

•• YYou cannot power on ou cannot power on virtual machines or migrate virtual virtual machines or migrate virtual machines to a machines to a hosthost entering maintenance mode.

entering maintenance mode.

•• While in maintenance mode, the host does not allow you While in maintenance mode, the host does not allow you to deploy or power onto deploy or power on a virtual machine.

a virtual machine.

When a host is

When a host is placed in standby mode, it is placed in standby mode, it is powered off:powered off:

•• This mode is used by VMware vThis mode is used by VMware vSphere® Distributed Power Management™ toSphere® Distributed Power Management™ to

optimize power usage. optimize power usage.

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Removing a Host from the vSphere DRS Cluster

Before removing a host Before removing a host from a vSphere DRS from a vSphere DRS cluster

cluster, consider , consider thethe following issues: following issues:

•• The resource poolThe resource pool

hierarchy remains with the hierarchy remains with the cluster.

cluster.

•• Because a host must be inBecause a host must be in maintenance mode, all maintenance mode, all

virtual machines running on virtual machines running on that host are powered off. that host are powered off.

•• The resources available forThe resources available for the cluster decrease.

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Improving Virtual Machine

Performance Methods

Broad

Fine

Use a vSphere

Use a vSphere DRS cluster.DRS cluster. Use storage multipathing. Use storage multipathing.

Use NIC teaming. Use NIC teaming. Modify the resource

Modify the resource pool’s CPU andpool’s CPU and memor

memoryy limitlimits and res and reservaservationstions.. Use network

Use network traffic shaping traffic shaping..

Modify the virtual Modify the virtual machine’s CPU

machine’s CPU and memoryand memory reservations.

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Lab 22: Implementing a vSphere DRS Cluster

Implement a vSphere DRS cluster Implement a vSphere DRS cluster

1.

1. Create a Load ImbalanceCreate a Load Imbalance

2.

2. Create a vSphere DRS Cluster Create a vSphere DRS Cluster

3.

3. Verify Proper vSphere DRS Cluster FunctionalityVerify Proper vSphere DRS Cluster Functionality

4.

4. Create, TCreate, Test, and Dest, and Disable a VM-VM Affinity Risable a VM-VM Affinity Ruleule

5.

5. Create, TCreate, Test, and est, and Disable an Anti-Affinity RDisable an Anti-Affinity Ruleule

6.

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Review of Learner Objectives

Y

You should be ou should be able to meet able to meet the following objectives:the following objectives:

•• Describe the functions of a Describe the functions of a VMware vSphere® Distributed ResourceVMware vSphere® Distributed Resource Scheduler™

Scheduler™ cluster cluster

•• Create a vSphere DRS cluster Create a vSphere DRS cluster

•• View information about a vSphere DRS cluster View information about a vSphere DRS cluster

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Key Points

•• vSphere DRS clusters provide automated resource management for multiplevSphere DRS clusters provide automated resource management for multiple VMware ESXi™ hosts.

VMware ESXi™ hosts.

•• vSphere DRS works best if vSphere DRS works best if the virtual machines meet vSphere vMotionthe virtual machines meet vSphere vMotion migration requirements.

migration requirements. Questions?