HISTORY
1 1600 East India Company was established on 31st December 1600 as per the Royal Chater Issued by the queen Elizabeth I.
2 1639 Francis Dey established the city of Madras and constructed the Fort St.George.
3 Fort William - Calcutta Job Charnock named it Fort William after the king William III.
4 1757 Battle of Plassey
5 1764 Battle of Buxar
6 Robert Clive First Governer Genaral of Fort William under the company rule. Governer General of Fort William
Warren Hastings
[ 1772 – 1785 ]
8 1772 Calcutta – Become the capital of Bengal.
9 Dual System Abolished the Dual System introduced by Robert Clive. 10 1773 Regulating Act of 1773.
11 1780-1784 Second Mysore War – Between HyderAli and British. Treaty of Mangalore – Accordingly, all conquests were mutually restored and the prisoners on both sides were liberated.
12 1784 Pitts India Act (Board of Cotrol related).
Lord Cornwallis
[ 1786 – 1793 ]
13 1790-1792 Third Mysore War – Between Tipu Sultan and British. Treaty of Srirangapatinam – Accordingly, Tipu had to give up half of his dominion.
14 Cornwallis Permanent Revenue Settlement
Lord Wellesley
15 Subsidiary Alliance System
1. The Nizam of Hyderabad was the first to accept the subsidiary alliance system. He handed over the territories of Cuddappah, Bellary, Anantapur and Carnool
2. After the death of Tippu Sultan, his kingdom was handed over to Krishna Raja Wadiar who accepted the scheme
3. The Nawab of Oudh accepted this scheme and surrendered Rohilkhant and Southern districts of Doab region.
4. Peshwa Baji Rao II and many Rajput rulers also entered into this alliance.
16 1799 Fourth Mysore War – Tippu Sultan and British Tippu was shot dead in the war.
17 1802 Treaty of Bassein – British and Peshwa Baji rao II Governer General of India
Lord William Bentick
[ 1828 – 1835 ]
18 Governer General of India
Lord William Bentick was the first Governer General of India. 19 T.B.Maculay First Law Member for the Governer general – in Council. 20 1829 Bentick passed a law in 1829. It declared the practice of
Sati as a criminal and illegal offence. The law said that anyone who forced a woman to perform Sati would be given capital punishment.
(Raja ram Mohan Roy and Devadranath Tagore Supported it.)
21 Reforms Abolition of Human Sacrifice and Female
Infanticide. Supression of Thugs.(New Department Under Major Sleeman.).
Mahalwari System was introduced.
22 English Language Made English as the medium of School Education. Lord Macaulay, the Governor-General’s Law member, was responsible for it.
23 1835 Government resolution made English the official and literary language of India.
Lord Dalhousie
[ 1848 – 1856 ]
24 Policy “Doctrine of Lapse” – [After the mutiny of 1857 this law was withdrawn].
Conquest. Consolidate. Development.
The Doctrine was considered as a violation of Hindu Law which permitted adoption.
25 Railways 1853 – Bombay to Thane.
1854 – Calcutta to Raniganj Coal Fields. 1856 – Madras to Arakonam.
26 Telegraphs The telegraph system was also introduced. From 1853 to 1856, nearly 4000 miles (6400 k.m.) of telegraphic lines Connecting, Calcutta with Peshawar, Bombay and Madras was installed.
The military value of this was realized during the revolt of 1857.
27 Postal Reform Introduced half an anna per post card was charged throughout India.
28 Education 1854 – Despatch of Charles Wood - Outlines comprehensive scheme of education at primary, secondary and collegiate levels.
The Department of Public Instruction (DPI) was opened in each province.
1857 - Universities started at Bombay, Calcutta and Madras. Dalhousie introduced the grants-in-aid scheme to
help the private institutions.
29 Father He was the father of Indian Railways and Telegraphs. He introduced the process of modernization of India. “Maker of Modern India.”
30 1857 First war of Indian Independence The Great Revolt of 1857
31 After the 1857 revolt, the responsibility of ruling India was directly assumed by the British Crown. Lord Canning became the first Viceroy of India in 1858. The
Government of India Act of 1858 and the queen proclamation in the same year signify this change in the Indian Administration.
Lord Lytton
[ 1876 -1880 ]
32 1878 Vernacular Press Act.
This Act empowered a Magistrate to secure an undertaking from the editor, Publisher and printer of a vernacular newspaper that nothing be published against the English Government.
33 1878 Arms Act.
This Act prevented the Indians to keep arms without appropriate license.
Lord Rippon – “The Good”
[ 1880 – 1884 ]
34 1881 Rippon repealed the Vernacular Press Act.
35 1881 Factory Act. To improve the service condition of the factory workers in India.
36 1882 He was called as the Father of Local Self Government. 37 1882 Hunter Commission – Education Commission. The
commission recommended for the expansion and improvement of the elementary education of masses.
38 1883 Ilbert Bill. According to it Indian magistrates were to be given the right to try the British accused. It made the Indian judges equal in power to the European judges.
Lord Curzon
[ 1899 – 1905 ]
39 Reforms Famine Commission and allocated a large sum of money for relief work.
Agricultural Research Institute was started at Pusa in Bengal.
Imperial Cadet Corps was founded to train young men for military service.
40 1905 Partition of Bengal.
Indian National Movement Early Political Associations:
1851– The British Indian Association – Bengal
1852 – The Bombay Association – 1852 Dadabhai Naoroji 1852 – Madras Native Association
1870 – Poona Sarvojanik Sabha 1884 – Madras Mahajana Sabha
41 1885 Indian National Congress – Allan Octavian Hume.( A retired civil servant in the British Government).
First Session: Bombay.
First President: W. C. Banerjee.
42 1892 Indian Councils Act.
G. Subramniya Aiyar. Founder: Madras Mahajana Sabha. “The Hindu” “Swadesamitran” Dadabhai Naoroji
“Grand Old Man of India”
1st Indian member of British House of commons.
Gopala Krishna Gokhale Political guru of Mahatma Gandhi Founder: “Servants of India Society” 43 1905 Partition of Bengal. – Lord Curzon.
44 Extremists Their main aim was to attain Swaraj or complete independence and not self government.
45 Swadeshi Movement All India Political Movement. Bala Gangadhara Tilak “Lokmanya”. Weeklies: Mahratta Kesari.
“Swaraj is my birth right and I
will have it” Imp rol: Swa Mov.
Lala Lajpat Rai “Lion of Punjab” Injuries – Procession against Simon Commission. Imp role – Swadeshi Movemnt. Bipin Chandra Pal Imp role – Swadeshi movement. Aurobindo Ghosh Imp role: Swadeshi Movement Nawab salimulla khan of Dacca. 1906 – Started All India Muslim League V.O.Chidambar am pillai. 1906 – Started swadeshi steam company. 1908 – Led the
43 1907 Surat Spilit – Extremists came out of the congress led by Tilak and Others.
44 1916 Lucknow Pact: - Congress Session. 1. Divided Congress become united.
2. Understanding for joint action against British was reached between the congress and the Muslim league.
45 1916 Home Rule Movement
Mrs. Annie Besant started it at Madras. B.G. Tilak at Poona.
Aim: To get Self Government for India within the British Empire.
Mahatma Gandhi
[ 1917 – 1947 ]
46 Principles Non Violence and Satyagraha.
47 1919 Rowlatt Act: Any Person can be arrested on the basis of Suspicion.
48 1919 Jallianwala Bagh:
General Dyer: Dyer marched in and without any warning opened fire on the crowd.
49 1919 Khilafat Movement:
Chief Cause: The defeat of Turkey in the first world war. Muslims believe that the Caliph(Sultan of Turkey) was the religious head of the Muslims.
50 1920 – 1922 Non Co-operation Movement:
As a sequel to the Rowlatt Act, Jallianwalla Bagh Massacre, and Khilafat movement. Approved in the Nagpur session of Congress.
51 1921 Mass demonstrations were held against the Prince of Wales during his tour of India.
52 1922 Chauri Chaura Incident:
Angry mob set fire to Police Station at Chauri Chaura and twenty two police men were burnt to death.
53 1923 Swaraj Party:
54 1927 Simon Commission:
All its seven members were English Men. No indian member in it. Almost all political parties including the congress decided to oppose the commission.
55 1929 Lahore Sesssion of Congress: Presided by Jawaharlal Nehru. Passed the Poorna Swaraj resolution.
55 1930 - 1934 Civil Disobidience movement:
56 1930 Dandi March:
57 Round Table Conferences
1930 – London - Congress boycotted it.
1931 – London – Mahatma Gandhi attended the conference. 1932 – London – Congress boycotted it.
58 1932 Gandhi – Irwin Pact.
59 1932 Ramsay Macdonald – Communal Award:
According to this award, the depressed classes were considered as a separate electorates for them. Gandhi protested against the communal award and went on a fast unto death in the yervadi jail on 1932. An agreement was reached between Dr.
Ambedkar and Gandhi. This agreement came to be called as Poona Pact.
60 1935 The Government of India Act. 61 1939 – 1945 Second world war
62 1940 The Muslim league demanded the creation of Pakistan.
63 1940 August offer:
After the war a representative body of Indians would be setup to frame the new constitution.
64 1942 Cripps Mission:
Gandhiji called Cripps proposals as “Post dated Cheque” of a failing bank.
65 1942 - 1944 Quit India Movement:
Gandhiji gave his call “Do or Die”.
66 1942 Indian National Army:
Gave the rousing war cry “Delhi Chalo”. Slogan : “Jai Hind”
President of Indian Independence League.
67 1946 Cabinet Mission:
After WWII Atlee became the Prime Minister in England. Both Congress and Muslim League accepted the Plan. 68 Interim Government An interim government was formed under the leadership of
Jawaharlal Nehru on 1946.
69 1947 Mountbatten Plan:
The partition of India and creation of Pakistan appeared inevitable for him. Congress and Muslim League ultimately agreed to the plan.
70 1947 Indian Independence Act: