Abstract
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The design and development of smart power monitoring system in real time has been announced in this paper. we presents wireless sensor networks based real time power system to monitor the power consumption of electrical in a board, Current sensor and voltage sensor is putted at electrical board to sense the current and voltage and then calculates the power consumption of electrical appliances. This data will be transmitted wirelessly to the raspberry pi . This system is very efficient, cheaper and more flexible in operation and thus can economize electricity cost of the consumers.Index Terms- Wireless sensor network (WSN) , Power monitoring system , Real time , Power consumption , Raspberry pi .
I.
INTRODUCTIONElectrical is considered a main source of evolution and advance at the modern world, and demand for energy is increasing day by day in all sectors.Therefore, inhabitancies and companies are starting to seek for best ways to assist reduce their rising electrical bills ,One method of decrease these expenses by real-time monitoring, how much power is being consumed, and from this information make informed decisions about how to control the electrical devices being worked . The designed a system that based on wireless sensor networks(WSNs) is used to manage power consumption at buildings in a real time .This system comprises of: sensing node and base station. A sensing node is use wireless sensors to measure voltage and current; to calculate power consumption of connected appliances, transmitted wirelessly to a base station. A base station is prepared to receive all data transmitted from the sensing node and show it at the computer. Wireless sensor networks have become very substaintial because of their capability to monitor and manage situational information in number of intelligent services . Due to those features , WSNs has been used in many fields, like industry, the military, environmental monitoring. Electric power is the important source for the advancement and development in todays technological world. The technology develops the power requirement and hence day by day power demand is increasing , The gap between needs and supply is increased. Residential energy consumption tends to grow very fast because more and more appliances and consumer electronics are installed. Wireless sensor network uses Web services and middleware technologies for power management and power monitoring [1] .
II. RELATED WORKS
In this section, an overview is presented of some works which are related to the proposed system:
Gill, S.P.S. .et al , 2012 [2] a smart monitoring device has been designed and developed for monitoring many parameters such as current and voltage for household appliance, the system improved grid stability and reduces consumer's cost.
Zeebaree .et al ,2014 [3] used Arduino platform in monitoring the electrical devices due to its easy to use with GSM and Ethernet technologies .the system used a mobile phone for controlling the devices.
Ramya, R.Poomurugan 2015 [4] A real time controlling and smart monitoring system for household electrical appliances is designed and developed, The novelty of this system is relies in implementing different ways of controlling mechanisms for the household appliance which leads to a flexible operation and low-cost thus it can save expenses for the consumers.
Ms. Rubana P. Shaikh1, Dr. R. R. Dube 2016 [5] Intelligent Power Management that consisting of actuators and smart sensors is implementes ,The novelty of this system is implementing controlling mechanism and it can be easily operated, economical and it is uses user authentication, these intelligent features reduces the expenses and it is friendly to the people. Controlling the electrical devices can be developed and programmed using a controller or cell phone running in anywhere in the planet.
Rekha B.Omase .et al,2017 [6] A smart controlling and monitoring system is proposed for controlling the household appliance in real time,many electrical devices were monitored such as motor,Bulb , refrigerator , Fan , Television etc. , different ways of controlling mechanism is applied which leads to flexibility in operation and reduces costs , the system views the electrical appliances through PC(GUI) .The usage of this system can be extended to monitor the entire intelligent building , it analyzes the period of peak hours of using the electricity.
Pallavi Ravindra Joshi1 and Prof. M S kha 2017 [7] Another aspect has been proposed by implementing the Internet of things (IoT) for monitoring the household appliance, it implemented a real time power management system based on wireless sensor network for controlling and monitoring the consumed power of electrical appliance in
Smart Power Monitoring System Based On
Wireless Sensor Networks
voltage and current and it calculates the power consumed of the appliance then the data collected will be transferred wirelessly using ZigBee protocol and then to Ethernet shield. The data transferred will be controlled and monitored using IoT which leads to flexible control mechanism by the user remotely.
Pallavi Joshi1 .et al, 2018[8] A smart power management system based on wireless sensor network is developed for monitoring and controlling the power consumption of household appliance. The control panel of operating the appliance is provided with the user's smartphone, the main goal of this paper is to let the elderly or the handicapped people live an independent life, this can be reached by taking care of the difficult domestic appliances for elderly or handicap live.
III. THE PROPOSED SYSTEM
A model of projected system contains 2 sensors (current sensors and voltage sensors) that are organized within the wireless sensor network infrastructure. These sensors are controlled by microcontroller and also the main server that is represented by raspberry pi3 contains the SQL database to support real time monitoring methods. a web interface is employed to monitor the complete system in styles of charts and numbers .Wi-Fi technology is employed to connect microcontrollers with server and therefore the communication is achieved by using Message Queuing telemetry Transport Protocol (MQTT). The proposed system contains two primary units, the primary unit is that the receiving part that sense power by sensors and these sensors are controlled by microprocessors. The second unit is that the web server that receive the processed data via Wi-Fi communication and store it within the main database.
1.SCT-013 Current sensor module
SCT-013 can be deployed for measuring the current with high accuracy and it's almost like any other current transformer in term of having a primary winding and secondary winding and equipped with a magnetic core [9] .
Fig (3-1)current sensor
2. ZMPT101B voltage sensor module
ZMPT101B created from the ZMPT101B voltage transformer. it's several features like high consistency with enough accuracy, for voltage measurement it can measure voltage vary up to( 250V) AC. Another
feature that is its simplicity to use and it comes with a multi-turn trim potentiometer used to regulate the ADC output. an exact usage of this sensor will facilitate to find the right relationship between the input voltage and also the ADC output by deploying regression analysis .
MPT101B sensor gave a correct measurement for each voltage and power. it's small sized sensor and simple to implement on varied architecture[10].
Fig (3-2) voltage sensor
3. Arduino Uno
Arduino Uno is an open source microcontroller platform and it's used for several project and it are often connected with sensing elements to convert the analog sensor data to digital. It contains fourteen digital input/output pins (six of those pins can be used for pulse width modulation outputs), six analog inputs, a quartz crystal (sixteen MHz), a USB connection, a power jack reset button so as to connect it with wifi connection an ESP8266 module has been connected to attain this mission [11] .
Fig (3-3) Arduino Uno microcontroller
4. ESP8266
[image:2.595.372.494.171.279.2] [image:2.595.367.518.454.560.2] [image:2.595.81.259.557.656.2]Fig (3-4) ESP8266 module
5. ESP32
ESP32 is a system on chip extremely integrated resolution with low value, low power for Wi-Fi services and twin mode Bluetooth services. it's the successor of the ESP-8266 microcontroller. ESP32 was designed for net of things applications, physics applications and mobile devices. With versatile sorts of computer code platforms, Esp32 might accomplished low power consumption. ESP32 is operated from (–40°C to +125°C) in industrial places attributable to its strong style[13].
Fig (3-5) ESP32 Microcontroller
6. Raspberry Pi3
Raspberry Pi3 a small and cheap computer with (1.4GHz 64-bit quad-core processor) , dualband wireless lan, Bluetooth( 4.2/BLE) , quicker ethernet, and power over ethernet (POE) supports. it had been factory-made within the united kingdom by the Raspberry Pi Foundation for the needs of teaching in several schools[14].
Fig (3-6) Raspberry Pi
7. Wireless sensor networks (WSNs)
Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) are a set of small-sized individual sensor nodes. the gathering of WSNs are often varied vastly depending on the application situation which might reach up to hundreds to thousands for each one. every node of the collection is connected with further nodes. every sensor node in a very WSN is deployed to look at its environmental data in real-time and so this collected information is transmitted to the sink stations one or more through a wireless link[15].
Fig (3-7) Wireless Sensor Network
8. MQTT (Message Queuing Telemetry Transport) MQTT (Message Queuing Telemetry Transport) is used in the proposed project, actually it is based on publishing/subscribing messages meaning that many clients can publish messages with the broker and the other clients can subscribe to first clients and so on. Due to its light weight it is widely used in IOT applications and it is used in low power consumption applications[16].
Fig (3-8) Message Queing Telemetry Transport
[image:3.595.101.260.70.173.2] [image:3.595.341.543.191.399.2] [image:3.595.94.277.340.462.2] [image:3.595.334.550.535.723.2] [image:3.595.90.273.578.711.2]Fig (4-1) The System Flowchart
THE RESULTS
This paper proposed implementation of power monitoring system using WSN by using web server.
the database of current sensors is in fegure below:
Fig (4-2) The Database of current sensors the database of voltage sensors is in figure below:
Fig (4-3) The Database of current sensors
[image:4.595.93.257.53.709.2] [image:4.595.305.549.110.336.2] [image:4.595.306.549.379.576.2]Fig (4-4) current results
The figure (4-5) showed the readings of voltage sensor each 10 seconds.
Fig (4-5) voltage results a
IV. THE CONCLUSION
In this paper , a low cost power monitoring system was designed using WSN and displayed using web server. This system is easy to design and consume less power than another power monitoring systems , and because of its ability to show data in real time that make it more efficint.
V. REFERENCES
[1] Rekha B.Omase, Kiran V.Palase, Trupti R.Mengane, Lalita B.Taware "Wireless Sensor Network based power management system in building" International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) Ashta Maharashtra, INDIA,Volume:04 Issue: 04, |April -2017. [2] Nagender Suryadevara , S.C. Mukhopadhyay "Smart Power Monitoring System Using Wireless Sensor Networks" Sixth International Conference on Sensing Technology- 2012.
[3] Dr. Subhi R. M. Zeebaree, Hajar M. Yasin "Arduino Based Remote Controlling for Home: Power Saving, Security and Protection" International Journal of Scientific & Engineering Research, Volume 5, Issue 8,August-2014.
[4] R. Ramya, R.Poomurugan " Energy Management System Based On Wireless Sensor Networks In Intelligent Buildings" International Journal of Modern Trends in Engineering and Research (IJMTER) Volume 02, Issue 12, December- 2015.
[5] Ms. Rubana P. Shaikh, Dr. R. R. Dube " Smart Power Management System using Wireless Sensor Networ" International Journal of Advanced Research in Computer and Communication Engineering Vol. 5, Issue 5, May -2016. [6] Rekha B.Omase, Kiran V.Palase,Trupti R.Mengane, Lalita B.Taware " Wireless Sensor Network based power management system in building" International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) Volume: 04 Issue: 04 ,Apr -2017.
[7] Pallavi Ravindra Joshi, Prof. M S khan " IOT Based Smart Power Management System Using WSN" International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) Volume: 04 Issue: 06 , June -2017. [8] Pallavi Joshi, Prof. Sarita Varma, Prof M S Khan, Prof Mrunmayi Joshi " WSN Based Smart Power Monitoring And Controlling System For Home Automatio" International Journal Of Innovative Research In Computer And Communication Engineering Vol.5, Issue 12, December -2018.
[9] Robert Wall B.Sc., C.Eng., MIEE." A Report on the properties of the Yhdc Current Transformer
andits suitability for use with the OpenEnergy monitor" Issue 6 , March-2014.
[image:5.595.51.291.53.287.2] [image:5.595.51.293.342.548.2][13]Https://Www.Espressif.Com/Sites/DefAult/Files/Docu mentation/Esp32_Datasheet_EN .Pdf.
[14]http://www.combinatorialdesign.com/boards/Raspberry _PI.
[15] Prashant Tiwari , Varun Prakash Saxena ,Raj Gaurav Mishra , DevendraBhavsar "Wireless Sensor Networks: Introduction, Advantages, Applications and Research Challenges" HCTL Open International Journal of Technology Innovations and Research (IJTIR) olume 14, April 2015.