Volume 2009, Article ID 946569,17pages doi:10.1155/2009/946569
Research Article
On Interpolation Functions of the Generalized
Twisted
h, q
-Euler Polynomials
Kyoung Ho Park
Department of Mathematics, Sogang University, Seoul 121-742, South Korea
Correspondence should be addressed to Kyoung Ho Park,[email protected]
Received 5 November 2008; Accepted 14 January 2009
Recommended by Vijay Gupta
The aim of this paper is to constructp-adic twisted two-variable Euler-h,q-L-functions, which interpolate generalized twistedh,q-Euler polynomials at negative integers. In this paper, we treat twistedh,q-Euler numbers and polynomials associated withp-adic invariant integral onZp. We will construct two-variable twistedh,q-Euler-zeta function and two-variableh,q-L-function in Complexs-plane.
Copyrightq2009 Kyoung Ho Park. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
1. Introduction
Tsumura and Young treated the interpolation functions of the Bernoulli and Euler polynomials in 1,2. Kim and Simsek studied onp-adic interpolation functions of these numbers and polynomials3–48. In49, Carlitz originally constructedq-Bernoulli numbers and polynomials. Many authors studied these numbers and polynomials 4, 28, 38, 41,
50. After that, twistedh, q-Bernoulli and Euler numberspolynomials were studied by several authors 1–32, 32–65. In 62, Whashington constructed one-variable p-adic-L -function which interpolates generalized classical Bernoulli numbers at negative integers. Fox introduced the two-variable p-adi L-functions 53. Young defined p-adic integral representation for the two-variable p-adicL-functions64. Furthermore, Kim constructed
the two-variable p-adic q-L-function, which is interpolation function of the generalized q-Bernoulli polynomials 8. This function is the q-extension of the two-variable p-adic L-function. Kim constructed q-extension of the generalized formula for two-variable of Diamond and Ferrero and Greenberg formula for two-variablep-adicL-function in the terms of thep-adic gamma and log-gamma functions8. Kim and Rim introduced twistedq-Euler numbers and polynomials associated with basic twistedq--functions28. Also, Jang et al.
q-Euler numbers En,q,ξ,χ attached to Dirichlet’s character χ 55. Kim et al. have studied
two-variablep-adicL-functions, which interpolate the generalized Bernoulli polynomials at negative integers. In this paper, we will construct two-variale p-adic twisted Euler h, q -L-functions. This functions interpolation functions of the generalized twisted h, q-Euler polynomials.
Let p be a fixed odd prime number. Throughout this paper Z,Zp,Qp and Cp will
respectively denote the ring of rational integers, the ring ofp-adic rational integers, the field ofp-adic rational numbers and the completion of the algebraic closure ofQp. Letvp be the
normalized exponential valuation ofCp such that|p|p p−vpp p−1. Ifs ∈ C, then|q| <1.
If q ∈ Cp, we normally assume |1 −q|p < p−1/p−1, so that qx explogq for|x|p ≤ 1.
Throughout this paper we use the following notationscf.1–32,32–48,50,51,54–65:
xq x:q
1−qx
1−q, x−q
1−−qx
1q . 1.1
Hence, limq→1xqx, for anyxwith|x|p≤1 in the presentp-adic case.
Forda fixed positive integer withp, d 1, set
X Xd lim← N
Z
dpNZ, X1Zp,
X∗
0<a<dp,
a,p1
adpZp
,
adpNZ p
x∈X |x≡amod dpN,
1.2
wherea∈Zsatisfies the condition 0≤a < dpN. The distribution is defined by
μq
adpNZ p
qa dpN
q
. 1.3
We say thatf is uniformly differential function at a pointa∈ Zp, and we writef ∈
UDZp, if the difference quotients, Ffx, y fx−fy/x−yhave a limitfaas
x, y → a, a.
Forf∈UDZp, thep-adic invariantq-integral onZpis defined as4,18
Iqf
Zpfxdμqx Nlim→ ∞
1 pN
q pN−1
x0
fxqx. 1.4
The fermionicp-adicq-measures onZpis defined ascf.14–16,18,22,28
μ−q
adpNZp
−qa dpN
−q
forf ∈UDZp. Forf ∈UDZp, the ferminoicp-adic invariantq-integral onZpis defined
as
I−qf
Zpfxdμ−qx Nlim→ ∞
1 pN
−q pN−1
x0
fx−qx, 1.6
which has a sense as we see readily that the limit is convergent. Forf ∈UDZp,Cp, we note
thatcf.14,16,18,22,28
Zpfxdμ−1x
X
fxdμ−1x. 1.7
From the fermionic invariant integral onZp, we derive the following integral equation
cf.14,35:
I−1
f1
I−1f 2f0, 1.8
wheref1x fx1.
2. Twisted
h, q
-Euler Numbers and Polynomials
In this section, we will treat some properties of twistedh, q-Euler numbers and polynomials associated withp-adic invariant integral onZp. From now on, we takeh∈Zandq∈Cpwith
|q−1|p< p−1/p−1. LetCpn be the space of primitivepnth root of unity,
Cpn w∈Cpn |wp n
1. 2.1
Then, we denote
Tp lim n→ ∞Cpn
n≥0
Cpn. 2.2
HenceTpis ap-adic locally constant space. Forξ∈Tp, we denote byφξ :Zp → Cpdefined by
φξx ξx, the locally constant function. If we takefx ξxext, then we havecf.35
En,ξ
Zpx
nξndμ
−1x. 2.3
By induction in1.8, Kim constructed the following useful identitycf.14,28:
I−1
fn
−1n−1I
−1f 2
n−1
0
wheren∈N, fnfxn. From2.4, ifnis odd, then we have
I−1
fn
I−1f 2
n−1
0 −1
f. 2.5
If we replacenbydoddinto2.5, we obtain
I−1
fd
I−1f 2
d−1
0 −1
f. 2.6
Letξ∈Tp. Letχbe a Dirichlet’s character of conductord, whichdis any multiple ofp
withp≡1mod 2. By substitutingfx χxξxextinto2.6, we have
I−1
χxξxext
∞
n0 En,ξ,χt
n
n!. 2.7
Remark 2.1. In complex case, the generating function of the Euler numbersEn,ξ,χ is given by
cf.28
2 d−01−1χξet
ξdedt1
∞
n0 En,ξ,χt
n
n!, |t|< π
d. 2.8
By using Taylor series ofext, then we can define the generalized twisted Euler numbersEn,ξ,χ
attached toχas followscf.55:
En,ξ,χ
X
ξnxnχxdμ−1x. 2.9
In8,h, q-Euler numbers were defined by
En,qh,1x
Zpq
h−1yxyn
qdμ−qy, 2.10
whereh∈Zandx∈Zp. In particular, if we takex0, thenEn,qh,10 En,qh,1. These numbers
are calledh, q-Euler numbers.
By using iterative method ofp-adic invariant integral onZpin the sense of fermionic,
we define twistedh, q-Euler numbers as followscf.55:
En,q,ξh,1x
Zpq
h−1yφ
Forh∈Zandn∈N, we have thatcf.55
En,q,ξh,1x 1q 1−qn
n
i0
n i
−1i
qxi 1
1ξqhi, 2.12
En,q,ξh,1x 1q 1qd
d−1
a0 −1a
qhaξaEh,1 n,ξd,qd
xa d
dnq, 2.13
whered∈Nwithd≡1mod 2.
LetFq,ξh,1t, xbe the generating function ofEn,q,ξh,1xin complex plane as followscf. 55:
Fq,ξh,1t, x 1q
∞
n0 −1n
qhnξnetnxq
∞
n0
En,q,ξh,1xt
n
n!.
2.14
Letχbe the Dirichlet’s character with conductord∈Nwithd≡1 mod 2. Then the generalized twistedh, q-Euler polynomials attached toχis given by as follows:
Forn∈ZN∪ {0},
En,q,ξ,χh,1 x
X
χyqh−1yξyxyn
qdμ−qy, 2.15
whereh∈Z, dis any multiple ofpwithp≡1mod 2andx∈Cp.
Then the distribution relation of the generalized twistedh, q-Euler polynomials is given by as followscf.14:
En,q,ξ,χh,1 x 1q 1qd
d
a1
χa−1aqhaξaEn,qh,1d,ξd
xa d
dnq. 2.16
3. Two-Variable Twisted
h, q
-Euler-Zeta Function and
h, q
-
L
-Function
In this section, we will construct two-variable twisted h, q-Euler-zeta function and two-variableh, q-L-function in Complexs-plane. We assumeq∈Cwith|q|<1.
Firstly, we consider twisted q-Euler numbers and polynomials in C as followscf. 55:
Fq,ξh,1t, x 1q
∞
n0
−1nqhnξnetnxq
∞
n0
En,q,ξh,1xt
n
n!,
whereq, x ∈ C, r ∈ Z N∪ {0}andξ isrth root of unity. In particular, if we takex 0, then we haveEn,q,ξh,10 En,q,ξh,1. These numbers are called twisted Euler numbers. By using derivative operator, we havedk/dtkF
q,ξt, x|t0En,q,ξh,1x.
From3.1, we can define Hurwitz-type twistedh, q-Euler-zeta function as follows cf.55:
ζE,q,ξh,1s, x 1q
∞
k0
−1kqhkξk
xksq
, 3.2
whereq∈C,|q|<1, s∈C, h∈Zandx∈R,0< x≤1. Note that ifx1 in3.2, then we see
that the twistedh, q-Euler-zeta function is defined bycf.28,55
ζE,q,ξh,1s 1q
∞
k1
−1kqhkξk
ksq
, s∈C,Res>1. 3.3
Forn∈N, we knowcf.28
ζE,q,ξh,1−n, x En,q,ξh,1x. 3.4
From now on, we will define the two-variableh, q-L-functionsLE,q,ξh,1s, x :χwhich interpolates the generalizedh, q-Euler polynomials.
Definition 3.1. Let χbe the Dirichlet’s character with conductor dwith d ≡ 1 mod 2. For
s∈C, h∈Zandx∈R,0< x≤1, we define
LE,q,ξh,1s, x:χ 1q
∞
n0
χn−1nqhnξn
nxsq
. 3.5
By substitutingnajd, d≡1mod 2,1≤a≤dandn0,1,2, . . .into3.5, then
using3.2, we have
LE,q,ξh,1s, x:χ1q
d
a1
∞
j0
χajd−1ajdqhajdξajd
ajdxsq
1q
d
a1
χa−1aqhaξa
dsq
∞
j0
−1jd
qhjd
j ax/dsqd
1q 1qd
d
a1
χa−1aqhaξaζh,1
E,qd,ξd
s,ax d
d−qs.
3.6
Theorem 3.2. For s ∈ C, h ∈ Z, letχ be the Dirichlet’s character with conductor dwith d ≡ 1mod 2. Then one has
LE,q,ξh,1s, x:χ 1q 1qd
d
a1
χa−1aqhaξaζE,qh,1d,ξd
s,ax d
d−qs. 3.7
By substitutings−nwithn >0, into3.7, we obtain
LE,q,ξh,1−n, x:χ 1q 1qd
d
a1
χa−1aqhaξaζE,qh,1d,ξd
−n,ax d
dnq
1q 1qd
d
a1
χa−1aqhaξaEn,qh,1d,ξd
ax d
dnq
En,q,ξ,χh,1 x,
3.8
whered≡1 mod 2, d∈N.
Thus, we have the following theorem.
Theorem 3.3. Forn ∈N, letχbe the Dirichlet’s character with conductordwithd ≡ 1mod 2. Then one has
LE,q,ξh,1−n, x:χ En,q,ξ,χh,1 x. 3.9
Remark 3.4. If we takex1 in3.5, then we havecf.28,55
LE,q,ξh,1s, χ 1q
∞
n1
χn−1nqhnξn
nsq
, fors∈C. 3.10
From3.9and3.10, we have the following corollary.
Corollary 3.5. Letχbe the Dirichlet’s character with conductordwithd ≡ 1mod 2. Then one has
En,q,ξ,χh,1 x 1q 1qd
d
a1
χa−1aqhaξaEn,qh,1d,ξd
ax d
dnq. 3.11
Secondly, we will define two-variable twisted Eulerh, q-L-function as follows.
Definition 3.6. Letχbe the Dirichlet’s character with conductordwithd≡1 mod 2, d∈N.
Fors∈C, h∈Z, x∈R,0< x≤1 andξr 1 withξ /1, we define
LE,q,ξh,1s, x:χ 1q
∞
k0
χk−1kqhkξk
We consider the well-known identitycf.44,65
1 1−xs
∞
j0
sj−1 j
xj. 3.13
By using3.12, we define two-variable twisted Eulerh, q-L-function as follows:
LE,q,ξh,1s, x:χ 1q1−qs
∞
j0
∞
k0
sj−1 j
χk−1kξkqhkjkx. 3.14
We will investigate the relations betweenLE,q,ξh,1s, x:χandLE,q,ξh,1s, χas follows. Substitutingk ajd, a 1,2, . . . , dwithd ≡1 mod 2, j 0,1,2, . . . ,into3.12,
we have
LE,q,ξh,1s, x:χ 1q
d
a1
∞
j0
χajd−1ajdqhajdξajd
ajdxsq , 3.15
Thus we obtain the following theorem.
Theorem 3.7. Fors ∈ Cwithh ∈ Z, letχbe the Dirichlet character with conductordwithd ≡ 1mod 2andx∈R,0< x≤1, ξr 1withξ /1. Then one has
LE,q,ξh,1s, x:χ 1q 1qd
d
a1
χa−1aqhaξaζE,qh,1d,ξd
s,ax d
d−qs. 3.16
By substitutings−nwithn∈Ninto3.16and using3.4, we can obtain
LE,q,ξh,1−n, x:χ 1q 1qd
d
a1
χa−1aqhaξaζE,qh,1d,ξd
−n,ax d
dnq
1q 1qd
d
a1
χa−1aqhaξaEn,qh,1d,ξd
ax d
dnq
En,q,ξ,χh,1 x.
3.17
Thus, we see that the functionLE,q,wh,1s, x:χinterpolates generalizedh, q-Euler polynomi-als attached toχat negative integer values ofsas followings.
Theorem 3.8. Forn∈N, letχbe the Dirichlet’s character with odd conductord. Then one has
LE,q,ξh,1−n, x:χ En,q,ξ,χh,1 x. 3.18
LetaandFbe integers withF≡1mod 2and 0< a < F. Fors∈C, we define partial h, q-Hurwitz type zeta functionHE,q,ξh,1s, a, x|Fas follows:
HE,q,ξh,1s, a, x|F
m≡amodF, m>0
−1mqhmξm
mxsq
. 3.19
By substitutingmajF, we have
HE,q,ξh,1s, a, x|F
∞
j0
−1ajFqhajFξajF
ajFxsq
−1aqhaξaF−s q
∞
j0
−1jFqFhjξFj
ax/F jsqF
F−qs−1aqhaξa
1 1qF
∞
j0
−1jFqFhjξFj
ax/F jsqF
F−qs
−1aqhaξa
1qF ζ
h,1
E,qF,ξF
s,ax F
.
3.20
By substituting3.2, fors−n, we get
HE,q,ξh,1s, a, x|F Fnq
−1a
qhaξa
1qF E
h,1
n,qF,ξF
ax F
. 3.21
Equation 3.20 means that the function HE,q,ξh,1s, a, x | F interpolates En,q,ξh,1s, a, x | F polynomials at negative integers.
From3.16and3.20, we have the following theorem.
Theorem 3.9. Fors∈C, ξr 1withξ /1, letχbe the Dirichlet’s character with conductord∈N
withd≡1mod 2andx∈R,0< x≤1, Fis any multiple ofd. Then one has
LE,q,ξh,1s, x:χ 1q
F
a1
χa−1aHE,q,ξh,1s, a, x|F. 3.22
Remark 3.10. If we takes0 in3.22, then we have
LE,q,ξh,10, x:χ 1q
F
a1
χaHE,q,ξh,10, a, x|F
1q 1qF
F
a1
χa−1aqhaξaEh,1
0,qF,ξF
ax F
.
3.23
Corollary 3.11. Fors∈C, ξr 1withξ /1, letχbe the Dirichlet’s character with conductord∈N
withd≡1 mod 2andx∈R,0< x≤1,Fis any multiple ofd. Then one has
LE,q,ξh,10, x:χ 1q 2
1qF1ξqh F
a1
χa−1aqhaξa. 3.24
4.
p
-Adic Twisted Two-Variable Euler
h, q
-
L
-Functions
In 62, Washington constructed one-variable p-adic-L-function which interpolates gen-eralized classical Bernoulli numbers negative integers. Kim 22 investigated the p-adic analogues of two-variables Euler q-L-function. In this section, we will construct p-adic twisted two-variable Euler-h, q-L-functions, which interpolate generalized twisted h, q -Euler polynomials at negative integers. Our notations and methods are essentially due to Kim and Washingtoncf.22,62.
We assume thatq ∈ Cpwith |1−q|p < p−1/p−1, so thatqx expxlogq. Letpbe
an odd prime number. Let ωdenote the Teichm ¨uller character having conductorp. For an arbitrary character χ, we define χn χω−n, wheren ∈ Z, in the sense of the product of
characters. Let a a : q ω−1aa
q aq/ωa. Thena ≡ 1modp11/p−1.
Hence we see that
aptω−1aptaptq
ω−1aaqω−1aqaptq
≡1mod p11/p−1,
4.1
wheret∈Cpwith|t|p≤1,a, p 1.
We denote the subsetDofC∗pbycf.62
D{s∈Cp:|s|p≤p1−1/p−1}. 4.2
Let
Ajx
∞
j0
an,jxn, an,j ∈Cp, j0,1,2, . . . , 4.3
be a sequence of power series, each of which converges in a fixed subsetDsuch that
1an,j → an,0asj → ∞for alln, jand
2for eachs∈Dandε >0, there existsn0n0s, εsuch that
n≥n0
an,jsn
p
< ε, for∀j. 4.4
Letχbe the Dirichlet’s character with conductordwithd≡1 mod 2and letF be a positive multiple ofpandd.
Now we set
LE,p,q,ξh,1 s, x:χ 1q 1qF
F
a1, pa
χa−1aξaapt−s
·∞
j0
−
s j
Ej,qh,F1,ξFqjapt
F apt
j
qapt .
4.5
ThenLE,p,q,ξh,1 s, x:χis analytic fort∈Cpwith|t|p ≤1, whens∈D. Fort∈Cpwith|t|p ≤1,
we have
∞
j0
−
s j
Ej,qh,F1,ξFqjapt
F apt
j
qapt
4.6
is analytic fors∈D. It readily follows that
aptsω−saaptsqas
∞
m0
s
m q
aa−1
q ptq
m
4.7
is analytic fors∈Cpwith|t|p≤1 whens∈D. Thus we see that
LE,p,q,ξh,1 0, x:χ 1q 2
F
a1 −1aχ
naξa. 4.8
Letn∈Zand fixedt∈Cpwith|t|p≤1. Then we have that
En,q,ξ,χh,1
npt F
n q
1q 1qF
F
a0
χna−1aξaEn,qh,1F,ξF
apt F
. 4.9
Ifχnp/0, thenp, dχn 1, soF/pis a multiple ofdχn. Therefore, we have
χnppnqE h,1
n,qF,ξF,χ nt
χnppnq
F p
n
qp 1qp 1qpF/p
F/p−1
a0
χna−1aξaEn,h,q1pF/p,ξpF/p
at F/p
Fnq
1qp
1qF F
a0
pa
χna−1aξaEn,qh,1F,ξF
apt F
.
Then we note that
1q
1qpχnpp n qE
h,1
n,qF,ξF,χ nt
1q 1qFF
n q
F
a0
p|a
χna−1aξaEn,qh,1F,ξF
apt F
. 4.11
The difference of these equations yields
En,q,ξ,χh,1 npt−
1q
1qpχnpp n
qEn,qh,1F,ξF,χnt
1q 1qFF
n q
F
a0
pa
χna−1aξaEn,qh,1F,ξF
apt F
.
4.12
Using distribution forh, q-Euler polynomials, we easily see that
En,qh,1F,ξF
apt F
F−qnaptnq n
k0
n k
qaptkξa
F apt
k
qapt
Ek,qh,1F,ξF. 4.13
Sinceχna χaω−na, fora, p 1, andt∈Cp, with|t|p≤1, we have
En,q,ξ,χh,1 npt−
1q
1qpχnpp n
qEn,qh,1F,ξF,χnt
1q 1qF
F−1
a0
χna−1aξaEn,qh,1F,ξF
apt F
1q 1qp
F−1
a0, pa
χna−1aξaaptn n
k0
n k
qaptk
F apt
k
qapt Ek,qh,1F,ξF.
4.14
From4.5–4.14, we can derive that
En,q,ξ,χh,1 npt− 1q
1qpχnpp n
qEn,qh,1p,ξp,χnt L
h,1
E,p,q,ξ−n, t:χ. 4.15
Therefore we obtain the following theorem.
Theorem 4.1. LetFbe a positive integral multiple ofpandddχwithF≡1mod 2, and let
LE,p,q,ξh,1 s, t:χ 1q 1qd
F
a1, pa
χa−1aξaapt−s
∞
m0
−s m
qaptm
F apt
m
qapt
Em,qh,1F,ξF.
ThenLE,p,q,ξh,1 s, t : χis analytic for t ∈ Cp,|t|p ≤ 1, provides s ∈ D when χ 1.
Furthermore, for eachn∈Z, we have
LE,p,q,ξh,1 −n, t:χ En,q,ξ,χh,1 npt− 1q
1qpχnpp n qE
h,1
n,qp,ξp,χ
nt. 4.17
Thus we note thatLE,p,q,ξh,1 s,0 : χ LE,p,q,ξh,1 s, χfor alls ∈ D, whereLE,p,q,ξh,1 s, χis twisted p-adic Eulerh, q-L-function,cf.15,22.
We now generalized to two-variable p-adic Euler h, q-L-function, LE,p,q,ξh,1 s, t : χ which is first defined by the interpolation function
HE,p,q,ξh,1 s, a, x|F −1
a
1qFq
haξaapt−s
·∞
j0
−s j
qjapt
F
q
aptq
j
Ej,qh,F1,ξF,
4.18
fors∈Zp.
From4.18, we have that
HE,p,q,ξh,1 −n, a, x|F −1
a
1qFξ
aqhaaptna
j0
n j
qaptj
Fq
aq
j
Ej,qh,F1,ξF
−1a 1qFq
haξaω−naFn qEn,qF,ξF
a F
ω−naHE,q,ξh,1−n, a, x|F.
4.19
By using the definition of HE,p,q,ξh,1 s, a, x | F, we can express LE,p,q,ξh,1 s, t : χ for all a ∈
Z,a, p 1 andt∈Cpwith|t| ≤1 as follows:
LE,p,q,ξh,1 s, t:χ
F
a1, pa
χaHE,p,q,ξh,1 s, apt|F. 4.20
We know thatHE,p,q,ξh,1 s, apt |Fis analytic fort ∈ Cp,|t| ≤1, whens ∈ D. The value of
∂/∂sLE,p,q,ξh,1 s, t:χis the coefficients ofsin the expansion ofLE,p,q,ξh,1 s, t:χats0. Using the Taylor expansion ats0, we see that
apt−s1−slogapt· · ·,
−s m
−1m
Thep-adic logarithmic function, logp, is the unique functionC∗p → Cpthat satisfies
logp1x
∞
n1 −1n
n x
n, |x| p<1,
logpxy logpx logpy, ∀x, y∈C∗p,
logpp 0.
4.22
By employing these expansion and some algebraic manipulations, we evaluate the derivative ∂/∂sLE,p,q,ξh,1 0, t:χ. It follows from the definition ofLE,p,q,ξs, t:χthat
LE,p,q,ξh,1 s, t:χ 1q 1qF
F
a1, pa
χa−1aξaapt−s
·∞
m0
−
s m
qaptm
F apt
m
qapt
Em,qh,1F,ξF.
4.23
Thus, we have
∂ ∂sL
h,1
E,p,q,ξs, t:χ|s0 1q 1qF
F
a1, pa
χa−1aξa
·
−logaptE0h,,q1F,ξF
∞
m1 −1m
m q
aptm
F apt
m
qapt Em,qh,1F,ξF
.
4.24
Sinceωais a root of unity fora, p 1, we have
logpaptlogpapt logpω−1a logpapt. 4.25
Thus we have the following theorem.
Theorem 4.2. Letχbe a primitive Dirichlet’s character with odd conductord, d∈Nand letFbe a odd positive integral multiple ofpandd. Then for anyt∈Cpwith|t| ≤1, one has
∂ ∂sL
h,1
E,p,q,ξs, t:χ
1q 1qF
F
a1, pa
χa−1aξa
∞
m1 −1m
m q
aptm
F
q
aptq
m
Em,qh,1F,ξF
−1q
2
F
a1
pa
χa−1aξalogapt.
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