Surf Life Saving NSW
Active First Aid Workbook
Instructions for Use
This workbook is designed to be used in conjunction with the ‘Active First Aid’ manual. Questions for the written assessment of this course are drawn from subject matter provided in the text of this workbook.
After reading the relevant sections of the text, candidates are required to answer each question corresponding to the section of this workbook.
o Write clearly and legibly
o Tick the appropriate ‘TRUE’ or ‘FALSE’ answer o Tick the appropriate ‘YES’ or ‘NO’ answer
o If required to explain an answer, use your own words
o If an error is made, cross it out and write the correct answer above the error
This activity is to be completed prior to your attendance at the practical course component. All questions must be attempted. If you have any problems please bring these to the attention of the instructor during the practical component so that a full explanation can be given.
This workbook is a mandatory requirement of this first aid course. Only applicants who successfully complete the self-assessments in this workbook will be able to attend the face-to-face session. Please check with your course trainer for any other specific requirements.
‘Record of Assessment’ - Please complete your personal details. The course assessor will complete the rest of the form which will then be retained by Surf Life Saving NSW as a record of your assessment.
Record of Assessment
- (To be retained by the assessor)
This page is kept as a record that participants have completed the required theoretical component of the First Aid course. Please remove and retain this page for 7 years.
Personal Details Candidate name: ___________________________________________________ Address: ___________________________________________________ Suburb / City: ___________________________________________________ Contact number: ___________________________________________________ Contact email: ___________________________________________________To be completed by the assessor
Practical Course date: ___/ ___/ ____Satisfactorily Completed: Y N (90% min)
Assessors name: ___________________________________________________ Assessors signature: ______________________________________________ Notes: ________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________All ‘Active First Aid’ material © Parasol EMT P/L
Introduction to First Aid Questions
1. State when ‘first aid’ should be provided to a casualty.
_____________________________________________________________________________ 2. Is it possible for a first aid provider to cause further injury to a casualty? Explain your answer.
_____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ 3. To render effective first aid, a rescuer should try to ____________________ and think
_____________________________________________________________________________ 4. In Australia, dialling ‘000’ obtains emergency assistance, however digital mobile phones (GSM)
work with which other emergency number? _____________
5. A casualty has a bracelet on their wrist which has the words ‘Medic-alert’ on one side. State what information you would expect to find on the reverse side of the bracelet?
_____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ 6. In your own words define ‘First Aid’.
_____________________________________________________________________________ 7. List the four main legal considerations relating to first aid.
1.__________________ 2. _________________ 3._______________ 4. __________________ 8. You should make notes or fill out a casualty report on any event attended, no matter how minor
True False
9. When preparing a report you should always use a black or blue ink pen, not a pencil. True False
10. The heart, blood and blood vessels are known as the ___________________________ system. This system involves blood which is pumped around the body by the heart through large
vessels called _______________________________ and _______________________________ 11. The respiratory system is composed of the _________________ and the __________________ 12. The _______________ and the ________________ are the two main parts of the Central
Nervous System. The peripheral system is comprised of the ________________________ and the ______________________________
13. Most muscles need bones to contract against causing movement, however some muscles such as the _____________________________ which helps drive the lungs, is not connected to bones.
14. The lymphatic system consists of lymphatic fluid which ‘strains’ toxins through ______________ located in the armpits, groin and neck.
15. List one example for each of the following infections:
Bacterial: _____________ Viral: _______________ Parasitic: ___________________________ 16. State what infection control precautions you would take prior to treating a casualty.
_____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ 17. List three precautions against body fluids you would take during treatment of a casualty.
1. ______________________ 2. _____________________ 3. ___________________________ 18. What is the recommended method for disposal of blood-soaked bandages?
_____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ 19. You have just completed treating a casualty. You wore the correct gloves during the procedure.
Is it now necessary to wash your hands?
o Yes o No
20. State the main aim of the Chain of Survival.
_____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ 21. In the case of cardiac arrest, CPR:
a) Can ‘buy time’ b) Will always restart the Heart c) Is ineffective
Essential First Aid Questions
1. When assessing safety at the scene of this road accident, list four potential hazards you would look for:
1. ________________ 2. ___________________ 3. _______________ 4. ________________
2. When checking for RESPONSE, list three types of response you may get:
1. _______________________ 2. _______________________ 3. ________________________ 3. If required to check a pulse of a casualty, state two elements you would assess:
1. __________________________________ 2. _______________________________________ 4. List the three actions you would use to check if an unconscious casualty is breathing.
5. List the actions you would take if you found that a casualty was unconscious and not breathing: _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ 6. To obtain a response from an unconscious casualty, you use the ‘talk and touch’ method?
o True o False
7. You find an unconscious casualty who is breathing. Describe the procedure for placing the casualty in the recovery position.
_____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ 8. List two alternative names for the recovery position.
1. ______________________________ 2. ___________________________________________ 9. State the purpose of placing someone in the recovery position:
_____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ 10. A woman has fallen about two metres from a ladder onto the ground. She is unconscious and
appears to have no injuries. After your initial assessment, she awakens and wants to go home. State your advice to the casualty.
_____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ 11. What are the four vital observations that should be written down against the time and name of
the casualty?
1. ________________2. ___________________ 3. _________________ 4. ________________ 12. A casualty complains of a headache. Is this a sign or a symptom?
o Sign o Symptom
13. State the purpose of a primary examination:
_____________________________________________________________________________ 14. State the purpose of a secondary examination:
_____________________________________________________________________________ 15. List the steps in performing a secondary examination.
_____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ 16. What does the acronym CPR stand for? ___________________________________________
17. The correct method for opening an airway is to use _____________ tilt and jaw ____________ 18. Should you always remove dentures before performing rescue breaths: True / False
19. State the precautions you would take with infants and small children when opening an airway. _____________________________________________________________________________ 20. List three methods of delivering rescue breaths:
1. ______________________ 2. __________________________ 3. ______________________ 21. When delivering rescue breaths, state how many initial breaths you would deliver? _________ 22. State your actions if during CPR, the chest does not rise effectively.
23. List three indications for CPR:
1. ________________________ 2. ______________________ 3. ____________________ 24. When compressing an infants’ chest, the depth of the compression is approximately ____/____
the depth of the chest.
25. When compressing an adult’s chest, the depth of the compression is approximately ____/____ the depth of the chest.
26. While performing CPR on an elderly man, you notice that there is evidence of vomitus in his mouth. State your management of this casualty.
_____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ 27. List the rate of compression per minute for an:
Adult: ____________________ Child: __________________ Infant: ____________________ 28. When performing compressions, list the appropriate hand or finger configuration for:
Adult: __________________ Child: ________________________ Infant: __________________
Trauma First Aid Questions
1. Your casualty has had his finger amputated. After treating the casualty, state how you would manage the care of the amputated part:
_____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ 2. Direct pressure is one way of controlling bleeding?
o True o False
3. A young boy has cut himself with a sharp fishing knife, dark blood is flowing from the wound. State what vessel has most likely been damaged: ________________________
4. You have applied a pad and bandage to a wound, but the blood has now soaked through. State your next action: _______________________________________________________________ 5. An elderly man complains of abdominal pain and vomits a dark granulated substance on his
shirt. State what posture you would place the casualty in:
_____________________________________________________________________________ 6. During a motor vehicle accident a woman has been thrown out of a car. She is conscious, has
several large lacerations and has a large amount of external blood loss. On examination she has a weak pulse and is pale, cool and sweaty. State your management of this casualty.
_____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ 7. If a penetrating object is still in place and there appears to be no bleeding, you should gently
pull the object out to restore the blood supply. Yes No
8. A laboratory worker has suffered a caustic substance burns to the arm. Material appears to be stuck to the burnt area. The casualty is wearing a watch.
a) How many minutes would you cool the burns for? _______________ minutes b) Is it necessary to remove the watch? Yes No c) Would you remove the material stuck to the burn? Yes No 9. Superficial burns destroy skin and underlying tissues and structures.
True False 10. Scalds are not as serious as burns.
True False
11. List two signs or symptoms you would associate with burns to the airway:
1.___________________________________ 2.______________________________________ 12. You find a man lying on the garage floor. He is motionless and has an electric drill in his hand.
State your management of this casualty.
_____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________
13. As a casualty is attempting to repair their car, the battery explodes and the battery acid splashes into one eye. State your management of this casualty.
_____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________
14. State your management of ‘Welders Flash’.
_____________________________________________________________________________ 15. It is important not to remove any protruding object from the eye.
True False
16. If a permanent tooth is knocked out, hold the tooth by the: ____________________________ 17. Use a clean damp cloth to remove an object off the surface of the eyeball.
True False
18. A female casualty has had a small insect land in her ear. She has been unable to remove the insect and is extremely distressed. State your management of this casualty.
_____________________________________________________________________________ 19. State your management for a ruptured eardrum:
_____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ 20. All head injuries must seek medical advice.
True False
21. You are called to help a colleague that has fallen down five steps. A witness indicated that the casualty was unresponsive for several minutes. The casualty is now responsive and keeps asking you what happened and has swelling on the back of their head. State your management of this casualty.
_____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ 22. List four signs or symptoms of a head injury.
1. _______________ 2. _________________ 3. _________________ 4. __________________ 23. Concussion is a minor injury only and does not require any medical assistance.
True False
24. Facial injuries may cause complication with the casualty’s airway. True False
25. A car runs into a concrete barrier. You find in your secondary examination that the driver has numbness and a loss of feeling to both legs. State your management of this casualty.
_____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ 26. List the four signs or symptoms of a spinal injury.
27. Do you remove a motorcycle rider’s helmet if the airway is obstructed? True False
28. Inability of the casualty to move their fingers or toes may indicate a spinal injury. True False
29. A fractured rib can be stabilised by strapping the chest with a bandage very tightly. True False
30. A piece of metal has impaled into a casualty’s chest and prior to your arrival the piece of metal has been removed. You can hear air passing in and out of the casualty’s chest with each breath that he takes. State your management of this casualty.
_____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ 31. Posture casualties with abdominal injuries on their back with legs bent at the knees.
Yes No
32. You find a casualty lying on their back and you see a large laceration to the abdomen with several loops of abdominal organs visible. State your management of this casualty.
_____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ 33. List three items that can be used to cover protruding intestines.
1. _______________________ 2. _______________________ 3. _______________________ 34. A three-sided dressing is used for chest wounds that have air passing in and out.
True False
35. A casualty falls two metres from a ladder. The casualty complains about pain in the right leg. On examination you find deformity, pain, tenderness and a large amount of swelling to the middle of the lower leg. State your management of this casualty.
_____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ 36. State the main aim in the treatment of a fracture:
_____________________________________________________________________________ 37. List two items that could be used as an improvised splint.
1.___________________________________ 2.______________________________________ 38. After applying a splint, sling or bandage to a casualty, it is important to ensure circulation is still
present.
39. Describe when you would use the following slings:
Arm sling: _________________________________________________________________ Collar & Cuff sling: ______________________________________________________________ Elevated sling: _________________________________________________________________ 40. In a pelvic injury the conscious casualty should be kept flat.
True False
41. During a cricket game the ball hits a player on the thigh. The skin is unbroken and the area is extremely tender and there is some swelling. The casualty has full movement and no loss of power. State your management of the casualty.
_____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ 42. Complete the following acronym.
R.________________ I.________________ C.________________ E.________________ 43. State the precaution that should be observed when using an ice pack on an injury:
_____________________________________________________________________________ 44. Dislocations should never be put back in position or ‘reduced’ by the first aider.
True False
45. After applying a bandage to a casualty’s hand and wrist, you should ensure that at least one fingernail is exposed to check circulation.
True False
46. List two household items which may be used as an emergency ice pack.
1.___________________________________ 2.______________________________________ 47. After applying a roller bandage to a lower leg, you test the ‘effectiveness’ of the bandage. How
would you gauge that the bandage was ‘effective’?
_____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________
Medical First Aid Questions
1. Self-administered adrenaline using an EpiPen® is the main treatment for someone having a
severe anaphylactic episode:
o True o False
2. Can the first aider assist the casualty with the administration of adrenaline using an EpiPen®. o Yes
o No
3. An 18-year-old female co-worker complains about breathing difficulties that she has had for about 10 minutes and keeps saying that it is becoming more difficult to take a breath. On examination the casualty is pale with rapid shallow breathing and you hear a pronounced wheeze. State your management of this casualty.
_____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ 4. List three trigger factors of an asthma attack:
1. ______________________ 2. _________________________ 3. _______________________ 5. Three signs or symptoms of a severe asthma attack:
1. _______________________ 2. _______________________ 3. _______________________ 6. Describe what a ‘Reliever’ is used for in asthma: _____________________________________ 7. List three signs or symptoms of hyperventilation.
1. _______________________ 2. _______________________ 3. _______________________ 8. Rapid breathing always indicates hyperventilation.
True False
9. Hyperventilation is treated using a brown paper bag. True False
10. A fainting casualty normally makes a full recovery once laid flat. True False
11. List the three signs of fainting.
1. _______________________ 2. _______________________ 3. _______________________ 12. During a first aid video showing a bloodied victim, a student falls from his chair. He is breathing
normally and has good signs of circulation. On examination you find no injuries. State your management of this casualty.
_____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ 13. You should splash water on a person who has fainted.
14. State what you should be aware of when an elderly casualty collapses:
_____________________________________________________________________________ 15. List three causes of fainting.
1. _______________________ 2. _______________________ 3. _______________________ 16. A brain attack (stroke) is a minor medical illness only.
True False
17. You find a casualty slumped on the floor confused with paralysis to the left side of the body. A co-worker tells you that the casualty has been complaining of a headache for several hours. State your management of this casualty.
_____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ 18. State the best position to place a conscious brain attack casualty:
_____________________________________________________________________________ 19. List two causes of a brain attack.
1.___________________________________ 2.______________________________________ 20. A friend’s 2-year-old child has developed breathing difficulties. The child has had a cold for
several days and now has a barking cough. State your management of this casualty.
_____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ 21. If the same child in question 20 was still and quiet, had a high temperature and was still
drooling, state how you would manage this casualty.
_____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ 22. Epiglottis has a rapid onset.
True False
23. Epiglottis casualties are better being nursed by a parent. True False
24. A 75-year-old casualty has been found in her home drowsy and confused. Her skin is cold and sweaty, and you are told that she is a diabetic. State your management of this casualty.
_____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ 25. Barley sugar or jelly beans can be placed in an unconscious diabetic’s mouth to treat low blood
sugar.
26. List four signs or symptoms of low blood sugar.
1.________________ 2.________________ 3.________________ 4.________________ 27. You see several people watching a person on the ground. When you approach you note that
the person is unconscious and has muscular jerks. State your management of this casualty. _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ 28. The main aim of treating convulsions should be to protect the person from injury.
True False
29. A child has been ill for several days with a high temperature. The child is now unconscious and has minor muscle jerking. State your management of this casualty.
_____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ 30. Aggressive cooling is required for febrile convulsions.
True False
31. A 55-year-old male co-worker complains about chest pain that he has had for about an hour. He says that the pain feels like an elephant is standing on his chest and he feels sick. On examination he is pale and sweaty with an irregular pulse. State your management of this casualty.
_____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ 32. Angina is not a serious condition.
True False
33. Pain always goes away with medication. True False
34. Chest pain can be described by the casualty in several ways, such as heavy pain. List two other ways the ‘pain’ can be described by the casualty.
1.___________________________________ 2.______________________________________ 35. You are eating at a restaurant when a man suddenly stands up and holds his hands to his neck.
He is starting to turn blue and is unable to talk. State your management of this casualty. _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________
36. If a choking casualty were able to cough, would you still give them firm slaps between the shoulder blades to help remove the object.
Yes No
37. A co-worker was in a storage shed moving drums around. The vehicle is parked in the shed and is still running. All the doors and windows are shut and you have found the worker unconscious inside the shed. State your management of this casualty.
_____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ 38. In the case of a poisoning casualty you should always keep a sample of vomitus from the
casualty.
True False
39. List three ways poisoning can occur.
1. _______________________ 2. _______________________ 3. _______________________ 40. List three signs of symptoms of poisoning.
1. _______________________ 2. _______________________ 3. _______________________ 41. If possible you should always seek advice from the Poisons Information Centre.
True False
42. You are watching the Sydney-to-Surf race when you see a runner who is staggering across the road. You go to help and note that she is hot and sweaty and is also confused. The casualty wishes to continue the race. State your management of this casualty.
_____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ 43. Heat stroke is a life-threatening condition.
True False
44. When re-warming a casualty vigorously rub the affected area. True False
45. It is a cold winter day in the snow fields. You find a person sitting on the snow complaining of numb fingers and cold feet. State your management of this casualty.
_____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ 46. You find a teenager submerged in one metre of water in a backyard swimming pool. The
casualty was last seen 10 minutes ago. State your management of this casualty.
_____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________
47. After a near drowning experience it is not essential that the casualty seek medical advice. True False
48. Drowning casualties often have hypothermia. True False
49. You are called to help a person in a park who says that some kind of snake bit her on the leg. You see two puncture marks on her leg. State your management of this casualty.
_____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ 50. List three bites or stings that require the application of a cold pack or compress.
1. _______________________ 2. _______________________ 3. _______________________ 51. State what you should avoid doing during the treatment of a tick bite.
_____________________________________________________________________________ 52. Unlike a bee, a European Wasp can sting multiple times.
True False
53. Vinegar is the treatment for a ‘Bluebottle’ sting. True False
54. State the treatment for reducing pain in a Fire Ant bite:
_____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ 55. You are called to help a swimmer who has been stung by a Box Jellyfish. The sting area is very
large and the casualty is having trouble breathing. State your management of this casualty: _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ 56. State the treatment for reducing pain following a stonefish sting:
_____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ 57. List four signs or symptoms for a Blue-Ringed Octopus bite:
58. Select the appropriate treatments for the illustrated animals below (tick appropriate boxes). Funnel Web
Cold Pack Hot Pack
Pressure Immobilisation
Bandage
Vinegar
Red Back
Cold Pack Hot Pack
Pressure Immobilisation
Bandage
Vinegar
Bee
Cold Pack Hot Pack
Pressure Immobilisation
Bandage
Vinegar
European Wasp
Cold Pack Hot Pack
Pressure Immobilisation
Bandage
Vinegar
Snake
Cold Pack Hot Pack
Pressure Immobilisation
Bandage