ROCKS
Rocks are made up mostly of crystals of
different kinds of minerals, or broken
pieces of crystals, or broken pieces of
rocks. Some rocks are made of the
THE ROCK CYCLE
A: compacting and cementing B: magma
C: Sedimentary rock
D: weathering and erosion E: Melting
F: metamorphic rock G: Sediments
H: Cooling and crystalization I: heat and pressure
IGNEOUS : FIRE ROCKS
IN
TRUSIVE IGNEOUS ROCK:
When lava cools
IN
SIDE the earth,
it cools very slowly over many
thousands or millions of years until it
solidifies.
INTRUSIVE IGNEOUS ROCK:
cools very slowly over many thousands
or millions of years until it solidifies.
Slow cooling means the individual
mineral grains have a very long time to
grow, so they grow to a relatively large
size. Intrusive rocks have a coarse
grained texture.
VOLCANIC NECK
Shiprock
Devils Tower, WY
a cylindrical-shaped landform standing above the surface created by magma solidifying in the vent of a volcano. Erosion of the sides of the volcano exposes the neck.
DIKES AND SILLS
Dikes are vertical deposits of magma
Sills are horizontal deposits of hardened magma
DIKE: If this area hardens it will become a DIKE SILL : If this
area hardens, it will become a SILL
LACCOLITH AND BATHOLITH
Half Dome, Yosemite
BATHOLITH: large mass of intrusive igneous rock believed to have solidified deep within the earth
Gabbro
Course Granite
Diorite
Marshall Field Wholesale Store
EX
TRUSIVE IGNEOUS ROCKS
formed when volcanoes erupt…when
magma appears above the earth, it is
called lava..
Form on the
EX
TERIOR (on top) of the
EXTRUSIVE IGNEOUS ROCKS
andesite Basalt obsidian pumice Rhyolite scoria
EXTRUSIVE igneous are very fine grained, sometimes even
SEDIMENTARY
Sedimentary rock is formed from weathering and erosion. The accumulation of sediment in water compresses the sediment to form
sedimentary rock. Information about ancient organisms and climates can be found in fossils from sedimentary rock
SANDSTONE
Sandstone rocks are sedimentary
rocks made from small grains of the
minerals quartz and feldspar. They
often form in layers as seen in this
picture. They are often used as
BAPS Shri Swaminarayan Mandir in Toronto
LIMESTONE
Limestone rocks are sedimentary
SHALE
Shale rock is a type of sedimentary rock
formed from clay that is compacted
together by pressure. They are used to
Oil Shale to Synthetic Crude plant in Central Queensland
When scientists split the
CONGLOMERATE
Conglomerate rocks are sedimentary
rocks. They are made up of large
sediments like sand and pebbles. The
sediment is so large that pressure
alone cannot hold the rock together;
it is also cemented together with
GYPSUM
Gypsum rocks are sedimentary rocks
made up of sulfate mineral and
formed as the result of evaporating
sea water in massive prehistoric
METAMORPHIC ROCKS
Metamorphic rocks are rocks that have
"morphed" into another kind of rock. These rocks were once igneous or sedimentary
rocks. How do sedimentary and igneous rocks change? The rocks are under tons and tons of pressure, which fosters heat build up, and this causes them to change. If you exam
http://videos.howstuffworks.com/hsw/8449-basics-of-geology-metamorphic -rock-video.htm
Limestone
(sedimentary)
can become
marble
SCHIST ROCKS
Schist rocks are
metamorphic. These rocks can be formed from basalt, an
igneous rock; shale, a sedimentary rock; or slate, a metamorphic rock. Through
Shale
(sedimentary)
can become
slate
GNEISS ROCKS
Gneiss rocks are
metamorphic. These rocks may have been granite, which is an igneous rock, but heat and pressure changed it. You can see how the mineral grains in the rock were flattened
Sandstone
(sedimentary)
