ASME B30.9-2014

(1)

S1¡ngs

Safety

Standard

for

Cableways,

Cranes,

Derricks, Hoists,

Hooks,

_facks,

and

Slings

AI{

AMERICAl{

lIATIOI{AL

STAl{DARD

Copyright

O

2015 bj'the Amcricar¡ Society ofMechanica¡ Enginecrs.

(2)

INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK

Copyright

O

2015 by thc Amcrican Socicly ofMcchanioal Engincers.

(3)

St¡ngs

Safety

Standard

for

Cableways,

Cranes,

Derricks, Hoists, Hooks,facks,

and

Slings

AI{

AMERICAI{

¡{ATIOI{At

STAI{DARD

Copyrighl

O

2015 by lhc A¡ncrican Socicty ol Mech¿nic l Ilnliinocrs. No reproducti(nl n¡ay bc ¡ladc oIlhis n]atcrial rvithout lyrittc¡r conscnt ofASME.

(4)

0ate of lssuance: February 6, 2015

The next edition of th¡s Standard is scheduled for publication

in

2017. This Standard w¡ll become effective 1 year after the Date of lssuance.

ASME ¡ssues written replies

to

inquiries concerning ¡nterpretations of technical aspects of this Standard. Interpretations are published on the ASME Web site under the Committee Pages at http://cstools.asme,org/ as they are issued. Interpretations will also be ¡ncluded with each ed¡t¡on.

Errata to codes and standards may be posted on the ASME Web site under the Committee Pages to prov¡de corrections

to

incorrectly published items, or to correct typograph¡cal or grammatical errors

in codes and standards. such errata shall be used on the date posted.

The Comm¡ttee Pages can be found

at

http://cstools.asme.org/. There

is an

option ava¡lable to automatically rece¡ve an e-ma¡l notificat¡on when errata are posted to a particular code or standard.

This option can be found on the appropr¡ate Committee Page after selecting "Errata" in the "Publicat¡on Information" section.

ASIIE ¡s the regislered trademark of The Ameícan Soc¡ety of Mechan¡cal Engineers.

This code or standard was developed under procedures accredited as meeting the criteria for Amer¡can National

Standards. The Standards Committee that approved the code or stand¿rd was balanced to assure that ¡ndividuals from

competent and concerned ¡nterests have had an opportunity to párt¡cipate. fhe proposed code or standard was made available for public review and comment that provides an opportun¡ty for additional public ¡nput fíom industry, academia, regulatory agercies, and the public.at.large.

ASME does not "approve," "rate," or "endorse" any item, construction, proprietary devlce, or activ¡ty,

ASME does not take any pos¡tion with respect to the val¡dity of any patent rights assened in connection with any

items ment¡oned in this document, and does not undedake to insure anyone !til¡zing a standard aga¡nst liability for infringement of any applicable letters patent, nor assumes any such liabil¡ty. Users of a code or standard are expfessly

advised that determination of the validity of ¿ny such patent rights, and the risk of infringement of such rights, ¡s ent¡rely their own responsibility.

Panicipation by federal agency representative(s) or pelson(s) afflliated with indlstry is not to be ¡nterpreted as

government or industry endorsement of this code or standatd.

AslvlE accepts responsibility foronlythose interpretat¡ons ofthis document issued in accordancewith the established

ASfME procedures and policies, which precludes the issuance of interpretat¡ons by iñdividuals.

3

E No part of this document may be reproduced in any form,

in ¿n electroric refieval system o'othe,wise, wilhout the prior written perm¡ss¡on of the publisher.

The American Socicty of fVc(haniral Inginee's

lwo Park Avenue, New York, NY 10016-5990

Copyright @ 2015 by

Prlnted ¡n U.5.4.

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20t5 by lhe American Society ofMechanical Dngineers.

(5)

*

Foreword . . Committee Roste¡ 830 Standard

Introduction

. . .

..

. Summary of Changes

viii

xiii

Chapter 9-0 Section 9-0.1 Section 9-0.2 Section 9-0.3 Section 9-0.4 Section 9-0.5 Chapter 9-1 Section 9-1.0 Section 9-1.1 Section 9-1.2 Section 9-1.3 Section 9-1.4 Section 9-1.5 Section 9-1.6 Section 9-1.7 Section 9-1.8 Section 9-1.9 Section 9-1.10 Chapter 9-2 S€ction 9-2.0 Section 9-2.1 Section 9-2.2 Section 9-2-3 Section 9-2.4 Section 9-2.5 Section 9-2.6 Section 9-2.7 Section 9-2.8 Section 9-2.9 Section 9-2.10 Chapter 9-3 Section 9-3.0 Section 9-3.1 Section 9-3.2 Section 9-3.3 Section 9-3.4 Section 9-3.5 Section 9-3.ó Section 9-3.7 S€ction 9-3.8 S€ction 9-3.9 Section 9-3.10

scope, flefinitions, Personnel Competence, Translat¡ons, and References Scope of ASME 830.9

...

Definitions Personnel Competence

...

Translations References

Altoy Steet chain S[ngs¡ Selectlon, Use, and ,tialntenance

...

Scope

. . . . . . . . . .

rrainin8...::.:..:....:::::::.:::.:.::.::..:::.

Components

Fabrication and Configurations

Design Factor Rated Load

Proof Test Requirements

Sling ldentification

Effects

of

Envi¡onment

...

Inspection, Removal, and

Repair

...

Ope¡ating Practices

...

Wlre Rope Sllngsr Selectlon, Use, and Malntenance . . . . . .

.

11

Scope

...

1l

Training

...

11

ComDonents

11

Fabrñation and

Configurations

11

Design

Factor

11

Rated

Load

13

slinr

ldentirication

...

:...

:..

:...

:

:.

:...

:.

:...

:..

:....

Effects

of

Environment

...

Repair

...

Operating Practices

...

Metat Mesh Sl¡ngs¡ Select¡on, Use, and Ma¡ntenance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Scope

-...

Training

...

Components

Fabrication and Configurations

Design Factor Rated

toad

Sling ldentification Effects of Environment

...

7 9 13 14 14 74 15 18 18 18 18

l8

18 18

l8

20 20 21 lll

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(6)

Chapter 9-4 Section

94.0

Section 9-4.1 Section 9-4.2 Section 94.3 Section 9-4.4 Section 9-4.5 Section 9-4.6 Section 9-4.7 Section 9-4.8 Section 94.9 Section 9-4.10 Chapter 9-5 Section 9-5.0 Section 9-5.1 Section 9-5.2 Section 9-5.3 Section 9-5.4 Section 9-5.5 Section 9-5.6 Section 9-5.7 Section 9-5.8 Section 9-5.9 Section 9-5.10 Chapter 9-6 Section 9-6.0 Section 9-6.1 Section 9-6.2 Section 9-6,3 Section 9-6.4 Section 9-6.5 Section 9-6.6 Section 9-6.7 Section 9-6.8 Section 9-6.9 Section 9-6.10 Figur€s 9-1.0-1 9-1..5-1. 9-2.0-1 9-2.0-2 9-2.3.2-1. 9-2.3.2-2 9-2.5-1 9-2.9.5-1. 9-2.1.0.1-1. 9-3.0-1 9-3.5-1 9-3.10.1-1 94.0-L 94.5-1 94.5:2 9-4.10.1-1 9-5.0-1 9-5.0-2

SFthetic

Rope sl¡ngs: Setection, Use, and ftla¡ntenance

...

-.

Scope

...

Training

...

Componenls

Fabric¿tion and ConfiSurations

Design Factor Rated Load

ProoI Test Requiremcnts SlinB ldent¡fication

Effects

of

Envi¡onment

...

Inspection, Removal, dnd

Repair

...

nhér:+iño Prá.ri¡oc

Synthet¡c Webb¡ng Slingsr Setection, Use, and Ma¡ntenance . . . . . . . . . . . .

kope

...

Training

..

Components

F.rbricdtion and Conf igurations

Design F¿ctor Rated Lo¿d

Sli¡g

Identification

Effects of Environment

...

I¡spection, Removal, and

Repair

...

Operating Practices

...

Polyester Roundslings: Selection, Use, and Ma¡ntenance

...

-...

36

Scope

...

36

Training

...

36

Components

36

Fabrication and

Configu¡ations

36

Design

Factor

36

Rated

Load

36

Proof Test

Requirements

36

Sling

ldentification

38

Effects

of

Environment

...

38

Repair

...

38

OñFr¡tina

Pr¡.ti.cs

... ... ..

39

Alloy

Steel Chain Slings: Configurations, Components, and

Hitches

....

Angle of Loading Wire Rope Sling

Wire Rope

Minimum

Sling

Length

. ... ... ... ...:...:...

Minimum

Braided Sling Length

...

Argle

of

Loading

Cable-Laid Wire Rope

Sling

...

D/d Ratio: Wjre Rope Slings

..

...

Metal Mesh Sling

Angle of Loading

Angle of Choke: Metal Mesh

Slt"gt

...

Synthetic Fiber Rope Slings

Hitch Types for Synthetic Rope Slings

Angle of

l¡ading

D/d Ratio: Synthetic Rope

Slints

...

Synthetic Webbing

Slings

...

Synthetic Webbing Sling Nomenclature

Copyrighr O 2015 by rhe

^mcrican

Sociery ofMechanical Engineers.

No be ¡rade ol lh¡s malerial wilhout written cons€nt ofASME.

22 22 23 23 23 24 26 26 27 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 33 33 34 6

'-E 6 7 1.2 12 12 13 15 16 1.9 20 21. 26 29 31

(7)

9{.5-1

Angle of

l,oadint

Effect

of

Elevated Temperature on Rated Load of

Alloy

Steel

Chain

. . . .

Minimum

Allowable Thickness at

Any

Point on a

Link

Bask€t Sling

Hitch

Rated Capacity Affected by

D/d

. . . . .

..

.

..

Angle of Choke: Wire Rope Slings Fabric Constructionr Metal Mesh Slings

Angle of Choke: Synthetic Rope

Slings

...

Angle of Choke: Synthetic Webbing Slings

...

Angle of Choke: Polyester Roundslings

...

38 8 9 9 16 19 28 35 40 Tables 9-1.8.1-1 9-1.9.5-1, 9-1.10.1-1 9-2.LO.1,-l 9-3.2.1,-l 9-4.10.1-1 9-5.10.1-1 9-6.10.1-1

Copyright

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2015 by thc Amcrican Soci€ty ofMachúric¿l Engincers. No b€ madc ofthis msteri¡l without writt€d cons€nt ofASME.

(8)

IOREWORD

This American National Standard, Safety Standard for Cableways, Cranes, Derricks, Hoists, Hooks, Jacks, and Slings, has been developed under the procedures accredited by the American

National Standards

Institute

(ANSI). This Standard had its beginning

in

December 1916 when

an eight-page Code

of

Safety Standards

for

Cranes, prepared

by

the ASME Committee on the Protection

of

Industrial Workers, was pres€nted to the annual meeting

of

the ASME.

Meetings and discussions regarding safety on

cranet

derricks, and hoists were held from 1920

to

1925

involving

the ASME Safety Code Correlating Committee, the Association

of

lron

and Steel Electrical Engineers, the American Museum of

Safet,

the American Engineering Standards

Committee

(AESC)

_[ater

changed

to

American

Standa¡ds

Association (ASA), then

to

the USA

Standards

Institute

(USASI),

and

finally

to

ANSII,

Department

of

Labor

-

State of

New Jerset Department

of

Labor and Industry

-

State

of

Pennsylvania,

a¡d

the Locomotive

Crane Manufacturers Association. On June 11, 1925, the AESC approved the ASME Safety Code

Correlating

Committeet

¡ecommendation and authorized the proiect

with

the U.S. Department

of the Navy, Bureau of Yards and Docks, and ASME as sponsors.

In

March

1926,

invitations

were issued

to

50 or8anizations

to

appoint

¡epresentatives

to

a

Sectional

Committee.

The

call for

organization

of

this

Sectional

Committee

was sent

out

October 2, 1926, and the committee organized on November 4, 1926, with 57 membe¡s repres€nting 29 national organizations. Commencing June 1,1927, and using the eight-page code published

by ASME

in

1916 as a basis, the Sectional Committee developed the "Safety Code for Cranes, Derricks, and Hoists." The early drafts

of

this safety code included requirements for jacks, but

due to inputs and comments on those drafts, the Sectional Committee decided

in

1938 to make

the requirements

for

jacks

a

separate code.

In

January 1943,

ASA

830.2-1943 was published

addressint a

multitude

of equipment types and

in

August 1943, ASA 830.1-1943 was published

just addressing jacks. Both documents were reaffirmed

in

1952 and

widely

accepted as safety standards.

Due to changes in design, advancement in techniques, and general interest of labor and industry

in safety, the Sectional Committee, under the joint sponsorship of ASME and the Bureau of Yards

and Docks

(now the

Naval Facilities Engineering Command) was reorganized

on

January 31, 1962,

with

39 members representing 27 national ortanizations. The new committee changed the format

of

ASA 8,30.2-1943 so that the

multitude of

equiPment tyPes

it

addressed could be published in separate volumes that could completely cover the construction, installation,

inspection, testin& maintenance, and operation of each type of equipment that was included in

the scope

of

ASA 830.2. This format change resulted

in

the

initial

publication

of

830.3, 830.5, 830.6, 830.11, and 830.16 being designated as r€visions

of

830.2

with

the remainder of the 830 volumes being published as

totally

new volumes. ASA changed its name to USASI

in

196ó and to ANSI in 1969,

which

resulted in 830 volumes f¡om 1943 to 1968 being desitnated as ASA 830, USAS 830,

or

ANSI 830, depending on their date of publication.

In 1982, the Committee was reortanized as an Accredited Organization Committee, oPeratin8 under procedures developed by ASME and accredited by ANSI. This Standard presents a coordi-nated set

of

rules

that

may serve as a

guide to

government and other regulatory bodies and

municipal authorities responsible for the guarding and inspection of the equipment falling

within

its

scope. The suggestions leading

to

accident prevention are

given both

as mandatory and advisory provisions; compliancewith both types may be required by employers of their employees. ln cas€ of practical difficulties, new developments, or unnecessary hardship, the administ¡ative

or

regulatory

authority

may grant variances

from

the

literal

requirements

or

_{Permit the}use

of

other

devices

or

methods,

but only

when

it

is

clearly

evident that an

equivalent degree

of

protection is thereby secured. To secure uniform application and interpretation of this Standard,

administrative

or retulatoly

authorities are urged to consult the 830 Committee,

in

accordance

with the format described in Section lX of the Introduction, before rendering decisions on disputed

DOrnts.

CopyriSht

O

2015 by lhe America Sociely ofMcchanical Enginccrs. No may bc made ofthis matcrial rvithout writen co¡sent ofASML.

ó

(9)

and

industry

ne€ds. Revisions do not

i¡nply

that previous editions werc inadequate.

The first edition of ASME 830.9 was issued

in

1971; new editions were published in 1984, 1990,

L996, m03,2m,6, and 2010. This 2014 edition contains extensive revisions

including

the use of

¡!\e term load hondling to recotnize that the load could be moving vertically or

horizontall,

and rcmoval

of

the rated load tables. In addition, this edition addresses personnel comDetence and hanslations.

This edition of the 830.9 Volume was approved by the B!10 Committee and by ASME, and was approved by ANSI and designated as an American National Standard on S€ptemb€r 30, 2014.

vt¡

Copyright

O

2015 by th€ American Society ofMechanical Enginecrs.

No b€ made ofthis material without written con$ent ofASME.

vl

(10)

Safety Standard

for

Cableways, Cranes,

Derricks,

Hoists,

0he following is the roster of the Comrn¡ttee at the tiñe of approval of th¡s Standard.)

Hooks,

_{facks, and Slings}

STANDARDS COMMITTEE OFFICERS

L. D, lrte¡n5. Cl,o/¡ R. l¡1. ParnelL Yi.¿ Clroi¡

K A. Hyam, Seuetary

STAI{DARD5 COMM|ÍTEE PER5O]{]{EL

E

ASME

B3O COMM¡TTEE

. L Andreq ThyssenKrupp Steel USA, LtC

C. m. Roblson, ¡lÍ€¡note, Uf Eattelle

/

oak R¡dge Nat¡on¿l Laboralory

G, Aurtln, Terex Corp. T. L. 8ta¡ton, NACB Group, Inc.

R, O, Ohman, ,4laern¿te, Verde Concept, lnc.

P. A. Boe(kmen, fhe Crosby Group, Inc.

C.E. Lu.zs, Altenote,ll\e Crosby Group, Inc. R. J. 8olen, Consultant

C. L Collo¡, Alternote, Nalv Crane Center

M. E. Brund, Manitowoc Cranes/The Manitowoc Crane Group

A. L. calla, Altenote, Manitowoc Crane Group

8. Closson, Craft Forensic seN¡ce

B. A. Plckett, A/terrole, Forensic Eng¡neeíng & Applied Science

lnst¡tute

R. lU. Cutshall. Savann¿h R¡ver Nuclear Sohrtions

R. T. golton, A/terrote, Savannah R¡ver Nuclear Solutions

J. A. Dan¡elson, The Boeing Co.

P. W.&oyd, Allenote,-lhe Boe¡ng Co.

L. o. Demark, Sr,, Equipmcnt lrain¡ng Solut¡ons, LLC

D. [. Jordan, /4/¡ernote, BP Amefica 0. Eckst¡ne, Eckst¡ne & Assoc¡ates

H. G. Lldlch, Alterrote, Leidich Consult¡ng Serv¡ces, Inc.

n. l. Edwerds, NE|S

A. l. Egg¡ng, National O¡lwell Varco

R, Stanoch. ¡lt¿¡rdle, consultant. Nat¡onal Oilwe¡l Varao E. 0. f¡dler. The Manitowoc Co.. Inc.

G. D. fi¡ller, Altenote,

^¡anitowoc

Cranes l. A G¡lbert, Assoc¡¿ted W¡re Rope Fabricators

l. L. Gordon, Acco Chain & Lift¡ng Ploducts

I{. C. HarSteaves, Consultant, ferex Hargre¿ves Consult¡ng, LLC

C. ¿ lmeman, ,4llernole, Llnk-Belt Construct¡on Equipment Co. G. B. Hetherston, E. L DuPont

J. B. Greenwood, Alternole, Navy Cr¿ne Center

K. M. Hyam, fhe American Society of Mechan¡c¿l Engineers 0. C. _,¡ckson,fuls¿ W¡nch Group

S. D, Wood,,4llenote, [¡nk-8elt Construct¡on Equ¡pment Co. l/1.

ll.

J¡fh€¡m€., Navy Crane Center

S. R. Gr¡dley, A¡ier¡,¿fe, N¿vy Crane Center

P. R. ,uhren, Morow Equipment Co., LLC

t¡i, J. Qulnn, A/tendte, Morow Equ¡pment Co., LLC

n.

. Kohner, Landmark Engineering Service D. Dúerr, Alternote,2DM Assoc¡ates, Inc.

A. l. Lus¡, Jr., Luma|k Consulting LLP

E. K ,á¡rburg, Columbus McKinnon Corp.

)- 9. gwker, Alternate, Columbus McXinnon Corp.

[.

D. Means, Means Engineering & Consult¡ng D. A" llenn¡rger, A/ferrotg, Bridon American

[.

W.

[llb,

Liberty Mutual Group D. L. l¡iorg¡n, Critlcal L¡ft Consultant, LIC

f. C. nackey, Altemote, WRPS Handford, a URS Co. W. [. Osbom, Inge6oll Rand

S. O.Wood, Alternote, L¡nk-Belt Construction Equ¡pment Co. R.

il,

Pe.nell, lll, F¡eld Servlces Div¡sion

W. C. Dlcklnso[, ,r., ¡ltez,ote, Crane Industry Services, LLC

J. T. P€rkln3, Englneerlng Consultant

J. R. Schober, ¡/le¡note, Amer¡can Eridge Co.

l. E. Rlch¡rdson, U.s. Departnent of fhe N¿w

K l(e¡nedf ¡l¿ernot¿, Navy Crane Center D. W. Rftchi., Dave Ritchie Consultant, LtC

[. N, Shaplro, /4lfernate, Howard l. Shapiro & Associates

J. W. Rowland lll, Consultant

D. A. noo.e, Ntemote, un¡fied Engineering J. C. Ryen, Boh Bros. Construction Co.

A. n, Rüud, Aiterrofe, Atk¡nson Construction 0, W Sn¡th. STI Grouo

S. l(' Rammelsberg, ,4llerr¿¿e, cB&l

W,l. Sm¡th, rr., Nations Bu¡lder Insurance Serv¡ce t. S.hopgefa, Allernate, NElS Claims & Risk Management R. S. stemp, Lampson International, ILC

E. P. Vl¡et, A¡te¡rofe, Turnef lndustr¡es Group R. G. Str¿in, Advanced Crane Technologies, LLC

I, Sturm, Sturm Corp.

P. D, Swee¡ey, General Dynam¡cs Electric Eoat

B. M. Casey, , ¡fe¡ro¿e, General Dynamics Electric Boat J. D. Wiethorn, Haag Engineer¡ng Co.

m. Gard¡ner, . lternote Haag Engineer¡ng Co.

R. C. Wlld, C. J. Drilling, Inc.

D.

Í.

Wolff, Nation¿l Crane/Manitowoc Crane Group

l.

r-

Pilgrim, Altemole, Manitowoc Crane Group

Copyr¡ght O 2015 by lhe American Society ol-Mechanical llngirecrs.

(11)

l. l. fr¡n|(s, Consultant

l.lt.

Klbe , L¡ft-AllCo., Inc. R. W. P¡rry, Consulta¡t P. 5. Zo.lch. RZP L¡r¡¡ted

al

f

R. ¡1. P.mclL Chdi¿ In, F¡eld Serv¡ces D¡v¡sion

t.

E Ardruw, LTS Cranes Mechanical

B. B. B¡cor, Tennessee Valley Author¡ty

T. L Bl¡¡ton, NACB Group, Inc.

R, O. Ohm.n, Altemote fechn¡cal Engineer Support

P, A. Boe*¡n¡n, The Crosby Group, Inc.

P, Cooke, Columbus McK¡nñon Corp. T. Rrhcs, lr., Arfernate, CMCo

D. Doaklr, Becket Trd¡ning and Consult¡ng D. t¡bul¡, Department of the NaW, PHST Center

ll.

r. G.lsk y, l¡fr-lt Manufacturing Co., lnc.

P. W. 8oyd, The 8oe¡ng Co.

,. D. Can||on, U.S. Army Co.ps of Eng¡neers

. l. EtgubrElr, Bay Ltd. tl. A. H¡5ham. Saudi Aramco

,. Hol, School of Civ¡l Eng¡neer¡n& People's Republ¡c of Ch¡ná

A,

¡noll, Prowinch, LLc

830,9 SUBCOMÍITITTEE PERSOI{l{Et

l. A Gllb. , Assoc¡ated W¡re Rope Fabr¡cators

S. R, Gddlcy, Navy Cnne Center

P. 5,

Hútt6,

RUD Cha¡n

,. Sdto.d.r, ¡lte.r¡?te, RUD Cha¡n T. W. XLh, W¡reco Worldcroup ¡t. A. Xowrll.lq Liftex Cory. C. E Luc¡s, Ihe Crosby Group, Inc.

l.

D. [ear9, Means Eng¡needng and Consult¡ng D. A ,¡loor., Unified Eng¡neering

. Ícuzll, 5¡x Rags

B. O. lodd, canpbell Cha¡n

L

B. Doltor, ¡lteflof¿, Apex Tool Group

B3O IT{IERESÍ REV|EW GROUP

,f. W. Osbom., E-Crdne Intemational USA

G. L O¡eE. Consultant

A. G. noch¡, Belgo Bekaert Arames W. Rúmburg, Crane Consultants, lnc.

C. C. T3¡ur, Inst¡tute of Occupational Safety on Health, Taiwan

B3O REGUTATORY AI'I}IORIW COU]{CIL C. Shelharncr, C¡dir, New York c¡ty Depanment of Bu¡ld¡ngs

A. O, Omr¡¡, Al¿errote, NYC Department of Bu¡ld¡n$

6. B€€r. lowa oSHA

L. G. Crnplon, u.S. Depanment of l-abor/osHA

W. L. Coopaa, Afi¿ona oepartment of Occupat¡onal Safety and

He¿lth

W. _,.Doughcrty, jr., C¡ty of Ph¡ladelph¡a

C.

Í¡n¡t,

C¡9 of Ch¡cago

_-

Department of Bu¡td¡ngs

K ,¡1. Hyañ,

fte

Aner¡can Soc¡ety of Mechan¡cal €ng¡neeE

I, L l,¡nlúord, State of Nevada/OSHA

A, l!¡daan, State of Wash¡ntton, Department of Labor and

lndushies

¡t. G. ,laa¡lm¡n, New York State Department of labor, D¡v¡s¡on of

Safety & Health/PESH

G. E Pu3hl.!, M¡ch¡gan occupat¡onal Safety and Health

Admin¡stlat¡on

C. R. Smlth, Pennsylvan¡a Department of State, Bureau of

Profess¡onal and occupational Affa¡ls

C

. Stdbl¡ñt, lr., Kentucky Labor cab¡net

T.l¡ylor, state of Minnesota, Departrnent of [abor and Industry

C, Tolson, State of Cal¡fomia, OSH Standards Board

lx

Copyright

O

2015 by the American Society ofMechanical Engineers. No be made ofthis mater¡al without written consent otASME.

(12)

SAFETY

STANDARD

FOR

CABTEWAYS, CRANES, DERRICKS,

HOIsTs,

HOOKS,

'ACKs,

AND SUNGS

6

f

--E (14) SECTION

l:

SCOPE

The ASME 830 Standard

contains provisions

that

apply to the construction, installation, operation,

inspec-tion, testing, maintenance, and use of cranes and other

lifting

and material-movement related equipment. For

the convenience

of

the reader, the Standard has been

divided

into separate volumes. Each volume has been

written

under the direction of the ASME B30 9tandard

Committee and has successfully completed a consensus

approval

process

under

the general auspices

of

the

American National Standards Institute (ANSI).

As

of

the date

of

issuance

of

this Volume,

the

B30 Standard comprises the

following

volumes:

830.1

lacks, Industrial Rollers,

Air

Caste¡s, and

Hydraulic Gantries

830.2

Overhead and Gantry Cranes (Top Running

Bridge, Single

or Multiple

Girder, Top Running Trolley Hoist)

830.3

Tower Cranes

830.4

Portal and Pedestal Cranes

830.5

Mobile and Locomotive Cranes

830.6

Derricks

830.7

Winches

830.8

Floating Cranes and Floating Derricks

830.9

Slings

830.10

Hooks

830.11

Monorails and Underhung Cranes

830.12

Handling Loads Suspended From Rotorcraft

830.13

Storage/Retrieval (S/R) Machines and Associated Equipment

830.14

Side Boom Tractors

830.15

Mobile

Hydraulic

C¡anes

(withdrawn

1982

-

requirements found in

latest revision of 830.5)

830.16

Overhead Hoists (Underhung)

830.'17

Overhead and Gantry Cranes (Top Running

Bridge, Single Girder, Underhung Hoist)

830.18

Stacker Cranes (Top

or

Under Running

Bridge,

Multiple

Girder With Top

or

Under

Running T¡olley Hoist)

830.19

Cableways

830.20

Below-the-l

look Lifting

Devices

830.21

Levcr Hoists

830.22 Articulating

Boom Cranes

830.23

Personnel

Liftint

Systems

830.24

ContainerCranes

830.25

Scrap and Material Handlers

830.26

RiggingHardware

830.27

Material Placement Systems

830.28

Balance

Lifting

Units

830.29

S€lf-Erectins Tower Cranes

830.30

Ropesl

SECTION

ll:

SCOPE EXCLUSIONS

Any

exclusion

of,

or limitations

applicable to

the

equipment, requirements, recommendations,

or

opera-tions contained

in

this Standard ar€ established

in

the af fected volume's scope.

SECTION

lll:

PURPOSE

The 830 Standard is intended to

(a) _{prevent or}minimize injury to workers, and other-wise provide for the protection of life,limb, and property by prescribing safety requilements

(b) provide direction to

manufacturers, owners,

employers, users, and others concerned with, or rcspon-sible for, its application

(c)

guide

governments and

other

regulatory bodies

in

the development, promulgation, and enforcement

of

appropriate safety directives

SECT|OÍ{

lV:

USE BY REGULATORY AGENCIES Thes€ volumes may be adopted

in

whole

or in

part

for governmental or

retulatory

use. If adopted for

gov-ernmental use,

the

refercnces

to

other national codes and standards

in

the specific volumes may be changed to refer to the corresponding regulations of _the

Bovern-mental authorities.

SECIION

V:

EFFECTIVE DATE

h)

Efectiue Date. The effective date of this Volume

of

the 830 Standard shall be 1 yr after its date of issuance.

Copyrighl

O

20l5 by the Amcrican Socicty ofMcchanical Engineers.

No rcnmduction nrav bc nradc oflhis malcrial without *rittcn consent ol AsME.

B3O STANDARD INTRODUCTION

(13)

Construction, installation, inspection, testing, mainte-nance, and operation

of

equipment manufactured and

facilities constructed after

the

effective

date

of

this

Volume shall conform

to

the mandatory requirements

of this Volume.

(b)

Exist itr

g

Ifl sta I I0 tions. Equipment manufactured

and facilities constructed

prior

to the effective date of

this Volume

of

the 830 Standard shall be subiect to the inspection, testing, maintenance, and operation require-ments of this Standard after the effective date.

It

is not the intent of this Volume of the 830 Standard

to require

retrofitting

of existing equipment. However, when an item isbeing modified, its performance require-ments shall

be

reviewed

relative

to

the

requirements

within

the current volume. The need to meet the current

requirements shall be evaluated

by

a

qualified

person selected

by

the

owner

(user). Recommended changes shall be made

by

the owner (user)

within

1

yr

SECTION

Vl:

REQUIREMENTS AND RECOMMENDATIONS

Requirements

of

this Standard are characterized by

use ofthe word sl¡all. Recommendations of this Standard are characterized

by

the

word

s/tolll

SECT|OI{

Vll¡

USE OF MEASUREMEI{T UNITS

This Standa¡d contains

SI

(metric)

units

as

well

as

U.S.

Customary

units. The values stated

in

U.S.

Customary

units

are

to

be regarded as the standard. The SI units are a di¡ect (soft) conversion from the U.S.

Customary units.

SECTION

Vlll:

REQUESTS FOR REVISIOI{

The 830 Standard Committee

will

consider requests

for

revision

of

any

of

the

volumes

within

the

830 Standard. Such requests should be directed to S€cretart 830 Standard Committee

ASME Codes and Standards

Two Park Avenue

New York,

NY

10016-5990

Requests should be

in

the

following

format:

Volume:

Cite the

desitnation

and

title of

the volume.

Edition:

Cite the applicable edition

of

the volume.

Subject:

Cite the applicable paragraph number(s)

and the relevant heading(s).

Request:

Indic¿te the su8gested revision.

Rationale:

State the rationale

for

the suggested

revision.

Upon

receipt

by

the Secretary,

the

request

will

be

forwarded to the relevant 830 Subcommittee for consid-eration and action. Correspondence

will

be provided to

the requester

defining

the actions undertaken

by

the 830 Standard Committee.

SECTION

I&

REQUESTS TOR INTERPRETATION

The 830 Standard Committe€

will

render an

interDre-tation of

the

provisions of

the

830

Standard.

Such requests should be directed to

Secretary, 830 Standard Committee

ASME Codes and Standards

Two Park Avenue

New York,

NY

10016-5990

Requests should be

in

the

following

formatr

Volume:

Cite the

desitnation

and

title

of the volume.

Edition:

Cite the applicable edition of the volume.

Subject:

Cite the applicable paratraph number(s)

and the relevant heading(s).

Question:

Phrase the question as a request for an

interpretation of a specific provision

suit-able for general understandint and use,

not as a request for approval of a proprie-tary design

or

situation. Plans or draw-ings that explain the question may be

submitted to

clarify

the question.

How-evet

they should not contain any proprie-tary names

or

information.

Upon

receipt

by

the

Secretary

the

request

will

be

forwarded to the relevant 830 Subcommittee fo¡ a

d¡aft

response, which

will

then be subject to approval by the 830 Standard Committee

prio¡

to its formal issuance.

Interpretations to the 830 Standard

will

be published

in the subsequent edition of the respective volume, and

will

be available online at http://cstools.asme.orgl.

SECTION

X:

ADDITIONAL GUIDANCE

The equipment covered by the 830 Standard is subject to hazards that cannot be abated by mechanical means,

but

only

by the exercise

of

intelligence, care, and

com-mon

sense.

[t

is

therefore essential

to

have personnel

involved

in

the use and operation

of

equipment who

are competent, careful, physically and mentally quali-fied, and trained

in

the proper operation of the

equip-mentand the handling of loads. Serious hazards include,

but are not

limited

to, improper

or

inadequate mainte'

nance, overloading,

dropping

or

slipping

of

the load, obstructing the freepassageof the load,and usingequip-ment

for

a purpose

for which

it

was

not

intended or

designed.

ó

E

xi

Copyright @ 2015 by the Amcrican Sooicty ofMcchanical llngincers. No m¿y be made ofthis material without writien conscnt ofASME.

(14)

The 830 Standard Committee

fully

¡ealizes the

impor-tance of proper design factors,

minimum or

maximum

dimensions, and other

limiting

crite¡ia of

wire

rope or chain and

their

fastenings, sheaves, sprockets, drums,

and similar equipment cove¡ed

by

the standard,

all

of

which are closely connected with safety. Sizes, st¡entths, and

similar criteria

are dependent

on

many

different

factors, often

varying

with

the installation and

uses.

These factors depend on

(a) _thecondition of the equipment or material (b) the loads

(c)

the accele¡ation

or

speed

of

the ropes, chains,

sheaves, sprockets, or drums

ld)

the type of attachments

(¿) the number, size, and arra¡gement

of

sheaves o¡ othe¡ parts

l/)

environmental conditions

causing corrosion or

wear

(g) many variables that must be conside¡ed

in

each

indivídual

case

The requirements and recommendations provided

in

the volumes must be interpreted accordingly, and

judg-ment used

in

determining their application.

xll

Copyright @ 2015 by thc American Socicty ofMcchanical Engineers.

No be made ofthis material without writlen consent of Asl\-4E.

(15)

SUMMARY

OF

CHANGES

Following approval by

the ASME

830

Committee

and ASME, and

after public

review,

ASME

830.9-2014

was approved

by the

American National Standards

Institute

on

September 30, 2014.

ASME 830.9-2014 includes

editorial

changes, revisions, and corrections

identified

by a margin note, (14). Poge

ix-xi

1-4 5-10 11-77 18-22 30-35

3641

SPE€IAL I{OTE:

The interp¡etations to ASME 830.9 are included

in

this edition as a separate s€ction for the

usert

convenience.

xl|l

copyright O 2015 by the Amer¡can society ofMechanical Ergineers. No reproduction may be made ofthis material without wrilten consent ofASMD.

Iocatiotr lntroduction Chapter 9-0 Chapter 9-1 Chapter 9-2 Chapter 9-3 Chapter 9-4 Chapter 9-5 Chapter 9-6 Change Revised

Revised

in

its entirety

Revised

in

its entir€ty

Revis€d

in

its entircty

Revis€d

in

its entirety

Revised

in

its entirety

Revised

in

its enti¡ety

(16)

INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK

Copyright O 2015 by the American Society ofMcchanical Enginccrs.

No reDroduction m¿¡v be made ofth¡s mater¡al w¡thout wrilten consent ofASME.

(17)

(14) i

-.

Scope,

Definitions,

Personnel

Competence,

Translations,

SUNGS

and

References

braíded uire rope slirrg: a sling made from braided rope. bridle sling: a sling composed

of multiple

legs

with

the

top ends gathered

in

a

fitting

that attaches to a hook, shackle, or other load handling device.

cableJaid rope: a type of wire rope composed of six

indi-vidual wire ropes laid asstrandsaround a wire ropecore.

cable-laíd ropc sling, mechanical

joínt: a wire

rope sling

made from a

cablelaid wire

rope

with

eyes fabricated

by swaging one

or

more metal sleeves over each rope

junction.

choker hitch: a method

of

rigging a

sling in which

one end of the sling is passed a¡ound the load, then throuSh

itself, an eye opening, an end

fitting, or

other device, and attached to a hook, shackle, or other load handling

device.

componerrt: any load-bea ng element of the sling

includ-ing

the chain,

wire

rope, metal mesh, synthetic rope,

synthetic

webbint,

roundsling core yams, thread, and

fittings, as applicable.

componeut stlcrgtl¡r the published

or

industry accepted

minimum breaking strength or minimum breaking force

of the weakest component of the sling. couplíng Iittk

mechonicql couplirrg link: a nonwelded cross-pinned

link

used as a connector to join a sling leg to a fitting.

ucldcd couplíng

lilh

an

alloy

steel welded

link

used as a connector to join alloy stcelchain to another compo-nent of the sling

cross rod: a

wire

used to

join

spirals

of

metal mesh to form the complete fabric.

D/d rctio: the

ratio

between the curvature taken by the

sling,

D,

and the diameter

of

the

wire

rope, synthetic rope, or chain, d.

design _{fnctor: the}

fttio

between the designated breaking

load

of

the fabricated

sling and

the rated load

of

the

slins.

I

Copyr¡ght @ 2015 by thc

^rDerican

Socicty ofMcchanical Engincers.

No be made ofth¡s nralerial without wrilten conscnt of^SME.

Chapter 9-0

SECTION

9-0.1r

SCOPE OF ASME

830.9

Volume 830.9 includes provisions that

apply to

the

fabrication, attachment, use, inspection, testing, and

maintenance of slings used for load handling purposes, used in conjunction

with

equipment described in other volumes

of

the

830 Standard, except as restricted in

ASME B30.12 and ASME 830.23. Slings fabricated from alloy steel chain,

wire

rope, metal mesh, synthetic fiber

rope, synthetic webbing, and polyester fiber yarns

in

a protective cover(s) a¡e addressed.

All

slings, including

those fabricated

from

materials

or

constructions other than those detailed

in

this Volume, shall be used only

in

accordance

with

the recommendations

of

the slinq

manufacturer or a qualified

person-SECTIO]{9-0.2:

DEtlNlTlONs

abttornnl operat ing co¡¡dilio¡¡sr envi¡onmental conditions that are unfavorable, harmful,

o¡

detrimental to

or for

the operation of a sling such as excessively high or low ambient temperatures, exposure

to

weather, corrosive fumes,

dustladen or

moistureladen atmospheres, and hazardous locations.

.¡¡r¡.¡sionr the mechanical

wea¡int of

a surface resulting from frictional contact

with

other materials or objects. nngle of chokc: the angle

formed

in

a

sling body

as

it

passes through the choking eye

or

fittings-angle of loodittg: the acute

antle

between the

sling

leg and the plane perpendicular to the direction of applied

force, sometimes referred

to

as horizontol n¡gl¿ when

lifting

(see Fig. 9-1.5-1).

baskct h¡tch:

a

method

of

rigging

a

sling

in

which

the

sling is passed around the load, and both eye openings or end fittings a¡e attached to a hook, shackle(s),

orother

load handling device.

body (slirg): that part

of

a sling between the eyes, end

fittings,

or

loop eyes.

brnidad wirc ¡op¿'i a rope formed by

plaiting

component

(18)

ASME 830.9-2014

E

desígred brenkirg loadj

the minimum load

at

which

a

newly fabricated and unused sling is expected to break

when loaded to destruction

in

direct tension.

erdless sling (uire rope)

coble-laid endless sli,tg, mechanical joint: a wire rope sling

made endless from one continuous length of cableJaid

rope

with

the ends

joined

by

one

or

more metallic

fittings.

strond-lnid etúless slíng, mechanical

joint:

a

wire

rope

sling

made endless

from

one

continuous length of

strandlaid

rope

with

the ends

joined by

one

or

more

metallic fittings.

eye opetritrg: the opening

in

the end

of

a

sling

for

the attachment of the hook, shackle, or other load handling

device o¡ the load itself.

fabric (mctal mcsh): the flexible portion of the sling exclu-sive of end fittings consisting

of

a series

of

transvers€ spirals and cross rods.

fabric length (metal mesh):

the

distance

of

metal

mesh

between the end

fittints.

fabric thickness brctal n¡esú)r the nominaloverall thickness

of the spirals.

fob

catío

cffcicncy: the strength of the fabricated sling, as a

percentage

of

the material strength

prior

to

fabrication.

ffli¡¡gr

any load-bearing hardware used to fabricate the sling such as a swage sleeve for wire rope or a coupling link for alloy chain, or an end attachment such as a hook

or

master link.

llemish eye splice: amechanical splice formed by unlaying

the

wire

rope body

into

two

parts and refo¡ming

it

to

create a loop or eye. The splice is completed by pressing (swaging) a metal sleeve over the rope juncture.

yom

et hoire rope)

coblela¡d gromfiet, handlucked: an endless

wire

rope sling made from one continuous length of rope fo¡med to make a body composed

of

six ropes around a rope

core. The rope ends a¡e hand-tucked into the body, thus

fofming the core.

slnnd-laid grommet, hand-tucked: an endless

wire

rope sling made from onecontinuous length ofstrand formed

to make a six-strand rope

with

a strand core. The st¡and ends are hand-tucked

into

the body.

hnnd-tuckcd. splice (uíre rope atú synthetic rcpd: a loop

or

eye formed in the end of a rope by tucking the ends

of

the strands back

into

the

main bodv

of

the roDe

in

a orescribed manner.

hitch (hítched): a method

of

ritting

(attaching) a sling temporarily to a load or object for the purpose of load

handling.

lond-beoring splíce (wcb

slir6):

that part of a sling that is

lapped and secured to b€come an integral load

bearint

part of the sling.

load hotrdling: the act

of lifting

or pulling

a load from one location to another by using a sling as the connector between the load and the load handling equipment.

loop eye (ueb slíng): the opening formed when a length

of

webbing is folded back upon itself and sewn to the

sling body, thereby forming a bearing point.

master coupling

línk

an alloy steel welded coupling

link

used as

an

intermediate connector

to

ioin allov

steel

chain to a master link.

mastcr link: a

link

used to gather the le8(s) of a sling.

mechnnícnl splíce (uí¡e ¡ope)r a splice formed by swaging one or more metal sleeves over the wire rope to form a

loop or eye.

p/y: a layer of load-bearing webbing used in a synthetic webbing sling.

poured socket: a

fittint

into which

a

broomed

and

degreased

wire

rope is inserted. The

wire

rope is then secured

within

the socket by

filling

the socket bowl

with

special molten metal

or

resin materials.

proof load: the specifrc tension applied to a sling or com-ponent

in

the performance of a proof test.

Woof test: a nondest¡uctive tension test

of

the sling

or

comPonents.

qualified pÜson: a person who, by possession of a

recog-nized degree

or

certificate

of

professional standing in

an

applicable

field,

or

who, by

extensive knowledge,

trainin& and experience, has successfully demonstrated the

ability to

solve

or

resolve problems relating to the subject matter and work.

rated lood: the maximum allowable

working

load estab-lished by the sl¡ng manufacturer. The termsrated capac¡ty

and working lood

limit

are commonly used

to

describe

rated load.

rcach (nlloy steel

chai

sli,ti:

see sling langth.

retu

l

loop: see tunbnck swaged eye.

shock load: a momeri.taly increas€ in the force applied to a

sling

caused

by

the sudden movement, shifting, or

arresting of a load.

short splice kynthetic rcpe endless sling): a splice formed

by

joining

the

two

opposite rope ends

by

tuckint

the strands into the main body of the rope in a prescribed manner.

sli¡.gr an assembly as described in this Volume used

for

load handling.

slíttg body:

te

body. 2

Copyright O 2015 by the American Society ofMechan¡cal Engineers.

(19)

5) E

sliúg leügfh: the distance between the extreme bearing

points

of

the

sling

assernbly, except

that

the

length

dimension fo¡

wire

rope slings excludes the gathering

ring

or

m¿ster

Iink in

the length dimension.

slí

g manufacturer (fabticator): a person

or

company

assembling o¡ fab¡icating the sling(s). The sling manu-facturer and the manufacture¡ of the sling components may or may not be the same entity.

sliüg serL)ice

¡ornalr service that involves handling of loads

within

the rated load.

s¿z'¿l¿i service

that

involves normal service coupled

with

abno¡mal ope¡ating conditions.

sp¿c¡ai; service that involves operation othe¡ than

nor-mal or severe that is identified by a qualified person. spíral (metal mesft): a single transve¡se

coil

of \¡r'ire that

is thebasicelement from which metal mesh is fabr¡cated.

strúighllite

hiLch: a method

of

rigging a

sling in

which

an eye opening, end

fitting, or

one end

of

the sling is

attached

to

the load,

and

the other eye opening, end

fitting, or end of the sling is attached to a hook, shackle, or other load handling device.

strandlaid rcpe: a

wire

rope made

with

strands (usually

six to

eight) formed

around

a

fiber

core,

wire

strand core,

or

independent

wire

rope core (IWRC).

stoaged socket: an end

fittint

into which

a

wire

rope is

inserted and then permanently attached by mechanical compression applied to the socket shank.

turrúack xoagcd cya splica ftoitc rory): a

r

echanical splice

in

which

the rope is looped back on itself and secured

with

one or more metal sleeves. The te¡m

rcf!¡l¡

/oop is

commonly used to describe a turnback swaged eye.

oertical hítch: see stmighf-line hítch.

ya¡'r?r _{a Sene¡ic}te¡m for a continuous strand

of

fibers.

SECTION

9-0.3¡

PERSONNEL COMPETENCE

Persons

performing the functions identified

in

this

Volume

shall

meet the

applicable

qualifying

critcria

stated in this Volume and shall, through education,

train-ing, expe¡ience,

skill,

and physical ability, as necessary be competent and capable

to

perform the functions as

determined

by

the

employer

or

employer's

rePresenrauve.

SECTION9-0.4:

TRANSLATIONS

(n)

Translatíon

of

Non-English

Docuítetltafiotl lnto

Etlgl¡sh

(1)

The

wording of written

non-English safcty

information and manuals regarding use, inspection, and

maintenance shall be t¡anslated into English by profes-sional translation indust¡y standards, which include but

are not

limited

to the following:

(-d) t¡anslation

of

the complete paragraph mes-sage, instead of

word

by

word

(-ü) grammatical accuracy

(-c) _{respectfulness}

_of

_the_{source document}

con-tent

without omittin8

or expanding the text (-d) _accurate_{translation of}_the_terminology

(-e) ¡eflection of the level of sophistication of the

original document

(2)

The

finished translation

shall be

ve¡ified

fo¡

compliance

with

paras. 9-0.4(a)(1)(-a) through (a)(1)(-e)

by

a qualified person having an understanding

of

the technical content of the subject matter.

(3)

Pictograms used

to

identify

controls shall be dcscribed in the manuals. The pictograms should

com-ply

with

a recognizcd source, if previously defined. The

text

of

the description shall

meet

the criteria

of

paras. 9-0.4(a)(1) and (aX2).

(¿t)

_Any

_{non-English documentation}

_provided

_in

addition to English shall be translated

a¡d

reviewed

in

accordance with the requirements listed

inpara.9{.4(b).

SECTION9-o.5:

REFERENCES

1'he

following

is a

list

of

publications referenced in this Standard.

ASME 830.10-2009, Hooks

ASME 830.12-2011,

Handling

Loads Suspended From Rotorcraft

ASME 830.20-2010, Below-the-Hook

Lifting

Devices

ASME 830.23-2011, I'ersonnel

Lifting

Systems

ASME 830.26-2010, Rigging Hardware

Publisher: The American Society

of

Mechanical

Engineers (ASME), Two Park Avenue,

New

York, NY 10016-5990; Order Department: 22 Law Drive, PO. Box 2900, Fairfield, NJ 07007-2900 (www.asme.org)

ASTM

4391/,A391M-01,

Standard Specification for

Grade 80

Alloy

Steel Chain

ASTM A586-98, Standard Specification fo¡ Zinc-Coated Parallel and Helical Steel Wi¡e Structural St¡and and Zinc-Coated Wire for Spun-in-Place Structu¡al Stra¡d

ASTM A906lA906M-02, Standard Specification for

Grade 80 and Grade 100

Alloy

Steel Chain Slings

for

Ove¡head

Lifting

ASTM

A952/

A952M-02,

Standard Specification for

Forged Grade 80 and Crade

100

Steel

Liftint

Components and Welded Attachment

Link

ASTM 4973/

4973M-01,

Standard Specification for

Grade 100

Alloy

Steel Chain

ASTM A1023/A1023M-02, Standard Specification for

Strandcd Carbon

Stcel

Wire

Ropes

fo¡

Gene¡al

Purposes

3

(20)

ASME 830.9-2014

ó

.-E

Publishe¡:

America¡

Society

for

Testing and Materials (ASTM International), 100

Barr Harbor Drive,

P.O.

Box

C700,

West Conshohocken,

PA

1,9428-2959

(www.astm.org)

CI 1303-96, Nylon (Polyamide) Fiber Rope,3-Strand and 8-Strand Construction

CI

1304-96, Polyester (PET) Fiber Rope, 3-Strand and 8-Strand Const¡uction

CI

1305-96,

Single

Braided

Polyeste¡

Fiber

Rope, l2-Strand B¡aid Construction

CI130G96,Nylon (Polyamide) Fiber Rope, Double Braid Constn¡ction

Cl

1307-96, Polyeste¡ (PET) Fiber Rope, Double Braid Construction

CI

2110-04,

Fiber

Rope

Inspection and Reti¡ement

C¡iteria

Publishe¡: The Cordage

lnstitute

(CI), 994

Old

Eagle School Road, Wayne, PA 19087 (www.ropecord.com) Wire Rope

Slint

Users Manual, 3¡d Edition

Publisher:

Wire

Rope

Technical

Board

(WRTB),

70114 Manchester

Blvd., Alexand¡ia,

YA

2231,0

(www.wireropetechnicalboard.org)

WSTDA-RS-I, Recommended Sta¡dald Specification

fo¡

Slmthetic Polyester Roundslings

WSTDA-TH-1, Recommended Standard Specification

for Synthetic Thread

WSTDA-UV-Sling-2003,

Summary

Report

UV

Deg¡adation

WSTDA-WB-1, Recommended

Sta¡da¡d

Specification for Synthetic Webbing

for

Slings

Publisher: Web Sling & Tie Down Association (WSTDA),

2105

Lau¡el

Bush Road,

Bel

Ai¡,

MD

21015

(www.wstda.com)

4

Copyright

O

2015 by the American Society ofMechanical Engineers. No be made ofthis material without wrilten conscr¡t ofASME.

(21)

(r4l

s

6

"-,

É

Alloy Steel Chain Slings: Selection,

Use,

and

Maintenance

SECTION

9-1.3:

FABRICATION AND CONFIGURATIONS

9-1.3.1

Fabrication

(n) _{Grade 80}and Grade 100

alloy

steel chain slings

shall be

fabricated

in

acco¡dance

with

ASTM

4906/

4906M.

(ú) Mechanical coupling links shall not be used

within

the body

of

an alloy chain sling to connect

t\ro

pjeces

of chain.

9-1.3.2

Conf¡gurat¡ons

(rr) SingleJeg slings

and

double-leg,

tripleleg,

and quadrupleJeg bridle slings used in st¡aight-line, choke¡,

and basket hitches are covered

in

this Chapter

NOTI:

A straitht-line hitch is commonly rcferred to as a

vcrti-cal hitch.

(D) Singlc- and double-basket slings used

in

basket hitches are covered

in

this Chapter

(c) _{Other configurations maybe}used. When used, the

sling manufachrrer

or

a qualified person shall provide

specific data. These slings shall comply

with all

other requircments of this Chapter

SECTION

9-1.4:

DESIGN FACTOR

The design factor for alloy steel chain slings shall be a

minimum

of 4.

SECTION

9-1.5:

RATED LOAD

fa) The sling manufacturer shall establish the sling's

¡ated load.

(ü)

_At

a

minimum,

the rated load shall be based on

the

following

factors:

(1)

component strength

(2) number of legs

(3)

_{design factor}

(4)

type of

hitch

(see Fig. 9-1.0-1)

(5)

_angle

_of

loading (see

Fi8.91.5

1)

(c) _{The rated load of}a quadrupleJeg or double-basket sling shall not exceed the rated load of a tripleJeg sling.

SECTION

9-1.6:

PROOF TEST REQUIREMENTS

9-1.6.1

General

Prior

to initial

use,

all

new

and

repaired chain and

fittings of an alloy steel chain sling shall be proof tested

5

Cop),right

O

2015 by lhc Anlcrican Sooicly ofMcchanical Engincors.

No hs ¡nuJc ol lhi\ nrutürirl rrill¡'ut !rritt,:n

c

ns,:nl r,l AS\,41

Chapter

9-1

SECTION

9-1.0:

SCOPE

Chapter 9-1 includes provisions

that apply to

alloy

steel chain slings (see Fig.9-1.0-1).

SECTION

9-1.1:

TRAINING

Alloy

steel chain

sling

users shall be trained

in

the selection, inspection, cautions

to

personnel, effects of environment, and

rigging

practices as covered

by

this Chapter.

SECTION

9-1.2:

COMPONENTS

9-1.2.1

Atloy Cha¡n

The alloy steel chain shall be manufactured and tested

in

accordance

u'ith

ASTM

A391l4391M

for Crade 80

chain and

ASTM

A973

/

A973M for Grade 100 chain.

9-1.2.2

F¡tt¡ngs

(n) _Fittings_{for alloy}_steel_{chain slings shall be}

manu-factured

and

tested

in

accorda¡ce

with

ASTM

4952/

4952M.

(ü) Makeshift fasteners, hooks, or links formed f¡om

bolts, rods, or othe¡ such

fittings

shall not be used.

(c) Where used, handles shall be welded to the master

liñk

or hook

prior

to heat treating according to the

rec-ommendations of the sling manufacturer or a qualified

PCrSOn.

(¿l)

_{When employed, hooks}

other than

those

described in ASTM A952lA952M shall meet thc require-ments of ASME 830.10.

(e) When

employed,

rigging

hardware other

than master

links

described

in

ASTM

A952l4952M

shall

meet the requirements of ASME 830.26.

9-1.2.3

Other Components

Chain

or fittings

othe¡ than

those

listed

in

paras.

9-1.2.1 and 9-1.2.2 may beemployed. When such compo-nents are employed, the sling manufacturer or a

quali-fied

person

shall provide specific data regarding

deviations from the applicable sections of this Chapter

These slings shall

comply

with all

other requirements

(22)

ASllE 8:Xt $201{

R8.

+1,0-l

Alloy Steel

Ch¡ln

Sllngsr Conñgunüons, Componsnts, and Hltcheg

Master llnk (upp9r €nd compononV fttlng) 6nd componont {finlng} Low€r €nd componont (frttiñgt Mast€rcoupling l¡nk llnk

hl Ourdrupblrg Bldb

Slln0 Compom||t lb) S¡ngl..L.g Sl¡ng CompomÍtt

ldl

Doublllrg

Bridb Sl¡nc H¡t

ñ

lrl

Slneb-l¡e Chok r Hlrdl lcl

StngllB.¡trt

Sl¡r|e

rd

Hlrch

6

(23)

E

Fig.

9-1.5-1

Angle

of

Loading

Oirect¡on of

Plane perpend¡cular

Direction ol

either

individually

or as an assembly by the sling manu-facturcr or a qualified person.

9-1.ó.2

Proof Load Requirements

(n) _Forsingle-

or multipleleg

slings, each leg shall be proof loaded to a

minimum

of 2 times the singleJeg

straight-line hitch rated load.

(&) The proof load for fittings attached to single legs

shall be a

minimum of

2 times the

singleleg

straight-line hitch rated load.

(c) Master

links for

double-leg

bfidle

slings, single-basket slings, and master coupling

links

connected to

two legs shall be proof loaded to a minimum of 4 times the singleJeg straight-line hitch rated load.

(d) Master links

for triple-

and quadruple-leg bridle slings

and

double-basket

bridle

slings

shall

b€ proof

loaded to a minimum of 6 times the

sintle-let

straitht-line hitch rated load.

SECTION

9-1.7:

Stl

G IDENTIFICATION

9-1.7.1

ldent¡ficat¡on Requ¡rements

Each sling shall be marked to show

(n) _{name or trademark of}manufacturet o¡ if ¡epai¡ed, the entity perfofming repairs

(b)

grade

lc)

nominal chain size

(d) number

of

legs

(c) _{rated load for at least one}hitch type and the angle

upon which

it

is based

f)

length (reach)

(g)

individual sling identification (e.9., serial number)

9-1.7.2

In¡t¡at St¡ng ldentification

Sling identification shall

be

done by the sling

manufacturer.

9-1.7.3

túa¡ntenance of St¡ng ldent¡f¡cat¡on

Sling identification should be maintained by the user so as to be legible

during

the life

of

the sling.

9-1,7.4

Replacement of Sl¡ng ldentification

Replacement of the sling identification shall be

consid-ered

a

repair as specified

in

paras. 9-1-9.6(a) and (b).

Additional

proof testing is not required.

SECTION

9-1.E¡

EFFECTS OF EI{VIRONMEI{T

9-1.E.1 Temperature

Extr€me tempelatures may reduce the performance

ofalloy steelchain slings. The sling manufacturer should

be consulted when the slings are to be us€d in tempera-tu¡es of

_{-40'F (-40'C)}

or below. Rated load reductions

for Grade 80 and Grade 100 alloy chain slings used at

or

after exposure

to

temperatures

of

400"F (204'C) or higher are given

in

Table 9-1.8.1-1.

9-1.8.2

Chemlcally Act¡ve Environments

The

strength

of alloy

steel chain

slings

may

be

degraded by chemically active environments. This

includes exposure

to

chemicals

in

the

form

of

solids,

liquids, gases, vapors, or fumes. The sling manufactur€r or a qualified person should be consulted before slings are used

in

chemically active environments.

SECTION

9-1.9;

INSPECTION, REI|OVAL, AND

REPAIR

9-1.9.1

General

All

inspections shall be performed

by

a designated person. Any deficiency identified shall be examined and

a

determination

made

by

a

qualified

person as to whether

it

constitutes a hazard.

9-1,9.2

In¡t¡al Inspect¡on

Prior to use, each new, altered, modified, or repaired

sling shall be inspected

to verify

compliance

with

the applicable provisions

of

this Chapter

A written

record of the inspection referencing the individual sling identi-fication is required.

9-1.9.3

Frequent Inspection

(c)

_{A visual inspection for damage shall}be performed each day or

shift

the sling is used.

(b) _Slingsfound

with

conditions such as those listed

in

para. 9-1.9.5 shall

be

removed

from

s€rvice. Slin8s

7

Copyrighl @ 20 t5 by the American Society ofMechanical Lnginccrs.

(24)

ASME 830.9-2014

Table

9-1.8.1-1

Effect

of

Elevated Temperature

on

Rated Load

of Alloy

Steel

Cha¡n Grad€ of Chain Grade 80 Grade 100 5 E None 75./. 25% 30"/. N0ne None None 5% Temperature

.F

oc Temporary Reduct¡on of Rated load While at Temperature Permanent R€duct¡on of Rated Load After Exposure to Temperature Temporary Reduction of Rated Load Wh¡le at Temperatu¡e Permanent Reduct¡o¡ of Rated Load A[ter E¡posure to femperature Below 400 400 500 600 700 800 900 1,000 Over 1,000 Below 204 204 260 316 3/1 427 442 538 over 518 NOne 70% 75% 20% 3070 400/. 50% 601" Note (1) 70"/o 75./" 2O7o 25% Note (1) 40% so% 60% 70% Note (1J None NOne 5% 757. 20% 25% 30% 35% Note (1) NOTE:

(l)

Remove froñ serv¡ce.

shall

not

be

retumed

to

service

until

approved

by

a

qualified person.

(c)

_Written

records are

not

required for

frequent

inspections-9-1.9.4

Period¡c Inspection

(n)

_A

complete inspection

of

the

sling

shall be per-formed. Each link and

fitting

shall be examined

individ-ually,

taking

care

to

expose and examine

all

surfaces

including the inner

link

surfaces. Slings found with

con-ditions

such as those

listed in

para.

9-1.9.5

shall

be ¡emoved from service. Slings shall

not

be returned to

service

until

approved by a qualified person.

(b) Petíotlic lnspectíon Freqr.arcy Periodic inspection intervals shall not exceed 1

yr

The frequency

ofpedodic

inspections should be based on

(1) _frequencyof sling use 12) severity of service conrlitions (3) _natureof load handlin8 activities

(4) experience gained

on

the service

life of

slings used in similar circumstances

(c) _Guidelinesfo¡ the time intervals are

(1) normal service

-

yearly (2) seve¡e se¡vice

-

monthly to quarterly (3) _{special service}

-

as recommended

by

a quali-fied person

(d) A written

reco¡d

of

the most

recent

periodic

inspection

shall

be maintained

and shall include

the

condition

of

the

slint.

9-1.9.5

Removal Cr¡ter¡a

An alloy steel chain sling shall be removed from ser-vice

if

any

of

the

following

conditions are p¡esent:

(a) missing or illegible slinB identification

(see Section 9-1.7).

lb)

cracks

or

breaks.

lc)

excessive wear, nicks, or gouges.

Minimum

thick-ness on chain links shall not be below the values listed

in

Table 9-1.9.5-1.

rd) stretched

ch¡in

links

or

fittings.

(e) bent, twisted, o¡ deformed chain links or fittings.

f)

evidence of heat damage.

(g) excessive

pitting or

corrosion.

(lr)

Iack of

ability

of chain or fittings to hinge

(articu-late) freely.

(i)

weld splatter.

(f)

for

hooks,

removal

criteria as

stated

in

ASME B3O.1O,

(k) for rigging hardware, removal criteria as stated in ASME B30.26.

(/)

other conditions,

including visible

damage, that

cause doubt as to the continued use

of

the sling.

9-1.9.6

Repa¡l

(n) Slings shall be repaired only by the sling

manufac-turer

or

a qualified person.

(b)

_A

_repairedsling shall be ma¡ked to

identify

the

repairing entity per Section 9-1.7.

(c) Components used

for

sling ¡epair

shall comPly

with

the provisions of this Chapter.

ó

ASME B30.9-2014

S1¡ngs

Safety

Standard

for

Cableways,

Cranes,

Derricks, Hoists,

Hooks,

facks,

and

Slings

AI{

AMERICAl{

lIATIOI{AL

STAl{DARD

O

O

St¡ngs

Safety

Standard

for

Cableways,

Cranes,

Derricks, Hoists, Hooks,facks,

and

Slings

AI{

AMERICAI{

¡{ATIOI{At

STAI{DARD

O

in

to

to

at

is an

3

O

CONTENTS

*

Introduction

..

viii

xiii

...

...

...

Scope

rrainin8...::.:..:....:::::::.:::.:.::.::..:::.

of

...

Repair

...

...

.

Scope

...

1l

Training

...

ComDonents

Configurations

Factor

Load

slinr

ldentirication

...

:...

:..

:...

:.

:...

:.

:...

:..

:....

of

...

Repair

_facks,