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Information Security Compliance

System Owner Training

Richard Gadsden

Information Security Office

Office of the CIO – Information Services

Sharon Knowles

Information Assurance Compliance

MUSC Medical Center

(2)

Overview

Information Security Fundamentals

HIPAA Security vs. HIPAA Privacy

● How the two regulations differ ● MUSC's compliance strategy ➲

New Security Responsibilities

● Enterprise ● Covered Entities ● System Owners ● Other individuals

(3)

Information Security Process

The goal: protection of information assets 

from threats to their:

● availability ● integrity ● confidentiality ➲

Security is a process...

● not a product ● not really a state either ● not “set it and forget it”

(4)

Information Security

A Risk Management Process

Risk management 

● the process for making security decisions ➲

Steps in the process

● identify significant risks ● evaluate possible controls ● implement the most cost­effective set of controls that  will keep risks within acceptable levels ➲

Caveat: zero risk is not attainable

(5)

MUSC's Information Security Policy

System Owners Are Responsible For...

➲ Ensuring that accurate and thorough risk assessments are conducted  and documented at appropriate points in the lifecycle of the System,  beginning prior to the System's implementation, and that the findings  are applied to the effective management of risks over the entire life of  the System. ➲ Ensuring that appropriate System­specific policies, procedures and  safeguards are developed and implemented, to comply with all  applicable MUSC policies, any applicable Entity policies, and all  applicable laws and regulations.

(6)

Information Assurance

Standard of Due Care

● duty is to protect against “all reasonably  anticipated threats” by implementing  “reasonable and appropriate” safeguards ➲

Reasonable and appropriate

● ideally, minimum but sufficient controls ● must avoid unacceptable risks ● must avoid unnecessary expense

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Reasonable and Appropriate

How to achieve?

● the risk management process ● assessment of risk ● evaluation and selection of controls ● approval, funding, implementation, operation ➲

How to verify?

● the compliance process ● documentation ● audits and other reviews

(8)

Information Assurance

Compliance Process

Document the level of assurance

● Are all security responsibilities clearly defined  and understood? ● Is a sound (risk­based and cost­conscious)  decision­making process being followed? ● Are security procedures documented? ● Are procedures being followed? ● Are controls working as intended?

(9)

HIPAA: Security Rule vs. Privacy Rule

Security is more than just privacy

● confidentiality, integrity, availability ➲

PHI vs. ePHI

● all electronic (“computerized”) PHI is subject to both  the Privacy Rule and the Security Rule ● telephone and fax communications are subject to the  Privacy Rule, but not the Security Rule  ➲

Covered Entities (CEs)

● responsible for compliance with both regulations

(10)

Security vs. Privacy: MUSC

Overall HIPAA compliance strategy

● Organizational: MUSC OHCA comprised of 4 CEs ➲

Privacy Rule strategy

● policies were set by each MUSC Entity ➲

Security Rule strategy

● One set of enterprise­wide security policies ● these policies apply to all MUSC Entities ● not just for HIPAA/ePHI, but for all types of protected  information ● 16 new policies and 1 updated policy were issued by  the Office of the President in Feb 2005

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MUSC's Security Policies

Computer Use Policy (updated)

Information Security Policies (new)

● Information Security, Risk Management, Evaluation,  Workforce Security, Awareness and Training, Incident  Response, Contingency Plan, Workstation Use,  Device and Media Controls, Access Control, Network  Access, Audit Controls, Person or Entity  Authentication, Data Integrity, Encryption,  Documentation

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New Security Responsibilities

➲ Enterprise (Office of the CIO) ➲ Covered Entities (CEs) ➲ System Owners and System Administrators ➲ Managers and Supervisors ➲ Workforce members

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Responsibilities: OCIO

Information Security Office (ISO) will:

● Document security architecture and plans ● Coordinate development of enterprise policies,  standards, guidelines ● Manage Enterprise­level safeguards ● Develop shared tools and services ● Direct MUSC's incident response team ● Conduct vulnerability assessments

(14)

Covered Entities

➲ Each Entity will designate an Information  Assurance Compliance Officer (IACO), who will: ● Monitor compliance (system owners, system  administrators, managers, supervisors,  workforce members) ● Report violations of policy to appropriate  enforcement authorities ● Ensure access to documentation and training

(15)

System Owners 

Each System must have a designated 

System Owner, who will:

● Assess and manage security risks ● Risk assessments and risk management plans must be  documented if the system contains protected information (e.g.  ePHI) ● Ensure that appropriate safeguards are  implemented ● Some safeguards are required only if the System contains  protected information (e.g. ePHI) ● Also, designate a System Administrator

(16)

MUSC Risk Management Standards

Standards established for managing risk at 

4 stages in the System life cycle

● Initiation ● Development/Procurement ● Implementation ● Post­Implementation ● aka “Existing Systems”

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Existing Systems

i.e.

 “Post­Implementation Stage”

Have you...

● Registered your system? ● Designated a System Administrator? ● Conducted a System risk assessment? ● Implemented appropriate safeguards? ● administrative measures ● physical security measures ● technical measures ● document, document, document...

(18)

Step 1.0: Review MUSC Policies, Standards and  Guidelines

(19)

Step 2.0: Document Current System Environment  and Personnel

Deliverable: Security Documentation, 

Section 2 (System Identification)

System Name

Key System Personnel

Functional Description

Key Components

System Boundaries

Relationships with other systems

interfaces, interdependencies

(20)

Step 3.0: Document Current System­Specific  Security Procedures and Other Controls

Deliverable: Security Documentation, 

Section 3 (Current System Procedures)

Use the MUSC Information Security Policy 

Compliance Checklist for System Owners 

as a guide

http://www.musc.edu/security/tools

(21)

Step 4.0: Identify and Analyze Potential Issues

Deliverable: Risk Analysis Worksheet

http://www.musc.edu/security/tools

Priorities

● Address policy compliance gaps identified using  the Policy Checklist, or any other assessments ● Decide how to address other risks identified  through formal risk analysis process

(22)

Step 5.0: Develop Security Plan

Deliverable: Security Plan Summary

http://www.musc.edu/security/tools

Document your plan for resolving all known 

compliance gaps

● who ● what ● when

(23)

Step 6.0: Execute Security Plan

Deliverables

● Document changes made to system procedures  and other controls (Section 3, Current System  Procedures) ● Progress and status reports as required by your  Entity's IACO

(24)

Are We There Yet?

Security is never finished

Repeat the risk management cycle as 

warranted by conditions

● respond to environmental, operational, policy,  and/or regulatory changes ➲

Evaluate the effectiveness of your System's 

security measures

● until your System is retired ➲

Set it and forget it? Not an option!

References

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