Name_______________________________________Period________________________Date_________
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16
True-False
___ 1. In the Sioux culture women believed themselves subordinate to men.
___ 2. In the early 1820’s Euro-Americans continually took Native American lands for themselves.
___ 3. In part railroads were needed to link territories acquired from Britain and Mexico to the Union.
___ 4. Jay Cookes Northern Pacific was one of the two greatest railroads to make it across The Rockies.
___ 5. The buffalo almost vanished in the ten years following 1870.
___ 6. William F. Cody was a crack shot and excellent horseman who became the star of the Wild West Show.
___ 7. The land speculators, railroads, transatlantic steamship lines, and the Western states and territories did all they could to encourage settlers to migrate.
___ 8. Dry farming considerably helped settler’s soil and made it better for the future.
___ 9. The Natural Grange of the patrons of Husbandry staged strikes and were violent in their fight for farmers betterment.
___ 10. The government’s reservation solution did in part try to undermine the Indians tribal way of life.
___ 11. The Dawes Severalty Act (1887) was another attempt to belittle and destroy the Native Americans.
___ 12. The Battle of Wounded Knee was the last big fight on the Northern Plains between the whites and the Indians.
susceptible to supporting a large population.
___ 14. Prospectors were able to extract the metal locked in underground lodes.
___ 15. San Francisco was the metropolis for the entire west. The hub of the mining bonanza.
___ 16. New Spain 1st settlement was El Paso and contained 4,635 residents in 1860.
___ 17. Mexicans such as the Pobres and the Tejanos were civil and non-violent in the fight for what they considered rightfully theirs.
___ 18. Originally the Chinese were attracted to the United States between 1850-1880 because of work on the railroads.
___ 19. The Mediterranean climate of California allowed for the “sunshine” state to convert to specialty crops.
___ 20. When the stakes were high environmentalists like John Muir always came out on top.
Multiple Choice
___ 21 Sioux gender roles were defined by a. both men and women hunting horseback b. the men hunting and the women preparing buffalo skins c. the subordination of women to men d. the men constructed ponds and the women hunted
___ 22 Indian country became a bridge to the Pacific when a. Americans began to eye Oregon and California b. Major Stephan H. Long explored the Great Plains c. The U.S. government supervised and licensed trade with the Indians d. the government forced the Sioux into reservations
___ 23 The transcontinental project languished because a. no private company could be expected fort the bill by itself b. freight lines and Pony Express riders in the Indian Country made the railroad unnecessary c. the construction costs were staggering d. the argument over the terminals over the route
___ 24 Which of the following did not encourage the inaguration of the Long Drive? A. The Missouri Pacific Railroad reached Sedalia Missouri in 1865 b. Sedalia was far enough west to be accessed by Texas ranchers c. a $3 Texas Longhorn could command $40 d. The railroads reached the Texas range country during the 1870's
___ 25 One of William F. Cody's first claims to fame prior to the Wild West Show was a. his affiliation with sharp shooting Annie Oakley b. his leadership of buffalo-hunting parties for the rich c. his skills as an excellent buffalo hunter d. the Sioux Wars of 1875-1876
___ 26 Kansas briefly represented the 'Promised Land" to who a. southern blacks b. women farmers c. Norwegians and Swedes d. all southern plains settlers
___ 27 What was one characteristic of the Homesteaders experience in the late 1800's a. the abundance of trees made clearing the land difficult b. the semi-arid climate west of the 98th meridian c. the neccessity of "wet-farming" methods d. the successful practice of letting the land lay fallow periodically
___ 28 Various enacted Granger Laws advocated all the following EXCEPT: a. a pro-monopoly platform for independent political parties b. the prohibition of discriminatory treatment of shippers c. the regulation of grain elevators d. fixing railroad rates
___ 29 Indian resistance along the frontier included all of the following EXCEPT: a. the Sioux in the Wyoming/Dakota Territories b. the Apaches in the Southwest c. the Navajos in the Oklahoma Territory d. the Cheyennes & Arapahos in Colorado
___ 30 The event associated with the destruction of Custer's army was a. the march/resistance of the Nez Perce led by Chief Joseph b. the resistance by the fierce Apaches led by Geronimo c. the battle at Little Big Horn River d. the opening of the Black Hills
___ 31 Indian sympathizers and reformers a. Believed assimilation should start with tribal leaders b. disagreed with the ideas of Helen Hunt Jackson c. strictly opposed severalty d. supported the office of Indian Affairs
___ 32 Wounded Knee was a result of white fear regarding a. the war against the Plains Indians b. the Dawes Severalty Act of 1887 c. the Ghost Dance Frenzy d. the Sioux tribe and their leader
___ 33 Why was California considered unsusceptible of a large population a. because of the recent discovery in the Sierra foothills b. it was too dry for farming c. it was flat and resembled the Great American Desert d. it contained no mineral wealth
___ 34 Due to the metal of each gold strike being locked under ground, A . the heyday of prospectors was long and prosperous b. extracting required capital and technology c. extracting excluded minorities such as the Mexicans or Chinese from the gold fields d. business organizations was unnecessary
___ 35 Oregon and Washington grew prodigiously due to a. booming California creating a market for the states b. the dying out of the mining bonanza c. slow growing population d. their lack of markets for their products
___ 36 The economy of the Hispanic Crescent was NOT: a. located along the California coast b. defined by a stratified social order c. primarily consisted of cattle and sheep ranching d. industrial and focused on big business marketing
___ 37 What customary rights of New Mexico peasants were challenged legally by the Anglo ranchers? a. establishing titles to plots of land b. intermarriage and business partnerships c. the grazing of livestock on communal lands d. migrating seasonally to the Colorado mines and sugar beet fields
___ 38 Most Chinese immigrants a. came as married couples seeking employment b. were young men hoping to return home c. were young men hoping to make a permanent home in their adopted countries d. were driven out by cruel overlords
___ 39 The appearance of sentimental novels and histories regardng the Indians paralled a. the influx of Asian immigrants b. the movement to restore missions c. the reservation solution d. the Hispanic social system
___ 40 In the late 1800's,John Muir headed a. scientific and romantic environmentalism b. the assimilationist movement in the West c. the effort regarding the LA water crisis d. the disregard towards the closing of the "frontier line"
Identification
__________ 41 Area whose climate was dry but had interspersing cycles of rainfall and drought. __________ 41 Indian tribe that moved west and settled north of the Arkansas River.
__________ 43 Trade system utilized by the Sioux, which they entered and was integrated into the Sioux life. __________ 44 Trail from Missouri to Oregon that thousands traveled.
__________ 45 Railroad that was building westward from Omaha.
__________ 46 Event in which cowboy’s herded the longhorn cattle hundreds of miles north. __________ 47 Hub for cattle shipped from the West.
__________ 48 Crackshot and excellent horseman who was the grand perpetrator of the Mythic West. __________ 49 A term for settlers who moved west under the Homestead Act.
__________ 50 Blacks who left the South to move west.
__________ 51 Technique developed by corporate farms in the Red River Valley of North Dakota. __________ 52 Act passed to “civilize” the Native Americans.
__________ 53 Final episode in the war against the Plains Indians.
__________ 54 Mineral that made many thousands emigrate to California, Nevada and other Far West states. __________ 55 Group whose culture and traditions influenced the Southwest.
__________ 56 Agitation over the Chinese in California lead to this act of Congress.
__________ 57 Greatest resource of Southern California that was utilized and translated into riches. __________ 58 The naturalist who helped preserve Yosemite park.
__________ 59 The way most Asians migrated before the 1820’s.
Matching People, Places,
and Events
____ 61.mining A The nomads also know as the Lakota
____ 62. Frontier line B Riders used to communicate to the west
before the railroads.
____ 63. Environmentalists C railroad building eastward from
Sacramento.
____ 64. John Muir D Name referring to the large beef market
____ 65.Sunshine E railroad that met the Central Pacific
____ 66. Wounded Knee F railroad whose failure caused the Panic
of 1873
____ 67. Californios G Sioux lands were gold was discovered
____ 68. Virginia City H Indian Chief of the Nez Perce
____ 69. Senator Dawes I Leader of Fierce Indian rebels
____ 70. Chinese J Civil War hero that was defeated at the
Battle of Little Big Horn
____ 71. George A. Custer K Group of immigrants who worked on the
railroads in California
____ 72. Geronimo L Man whose act lead to the forced
assimilation of the Plains Indians
____ 73. Chief Joseph M City in Nevada that was the site a a great
silver bonanza
____ 74. Black Hills N natives of California before it became
part of the U.S.
____ 75. Nothern Pacific Railroad O The Last episode in the Battle with the Plains Indians
____ 76. Union Pacific Railroad P Southern California's greatest resource
____ 77. Cattle Kingdom Q Man who crusaded for the preservation
of Yosemite
____ 78. Central Pacific Railroad R People who believe in perseving nature
____ 79. Pony Express S boundary that has been present since the
U.S. was founded that disappeared in the late 1800's
____ 80. Sioux T Profession many took in the hopes of
striking it rich
Matching Cause and
Effect
____ 81. Americans began to eye Oregon and California (Indian territory).
A led to the eventual outpour of Mexicans dominating menial jobs
____ 82. The need to link territories to the union, and the South’s rebellion.
B One result of Muir's appeal was the creation of National Parks in 1890-Yosemite, Sequoia and General Grant. ____ 83. The failing of Jay Cooke’s
Northern Pacific Railroad.
C Through their writing California was set apart from the U.S. itself and so were Californians
____ 84. Eastern tanneries learned how to cure hides and buffalo skins, demand skyrocketed.
D Denis Kearney became a dominant figure and racism turned into violence against the Chinese. The government passed Chines Exclusion Act
____ 85. A hard winter in 1885, and a severe drought the following summer, along with record blizzards and cold killed cattle by the hundreds and thousands.
E Women took a greater role in the village economy tending the gardens, engaging in bartering, and manintaining the households
____ 86. Dime novelist Ned Buntline came through Kansas and wrote 1,700 potboilers featuring William F. Cody.
F Native Americans in California and the Far West were nearly wiped out altogether
____ 87. Women settlers shouldered much of the work on new farms and became self reliant in the face of danger and hardship.
G Oregon was pulled from the doldiums and allowed to flourish because California creatd a market for the states products
____ 88. Kansas was called, named, and became the Promised Land for racial freedom.
H led to population growth of the Far West
____ 89. Settlers started to employ dry farming methods which involved deep planting to bring subsoil moisture to the roots and quick harrowing after rainfalls to turn over a dry mulch that stowed evaporation.
I Resulted in the Dawes Severalty Act which authorized the president to carve up tribal lands with each head of family receiving an allotment of 160 acres and singles smaller portions
____ 90. The force of Indians on to government allocated land (the reservation solution).
J Ghost Dances led to white fear and pressure for army intervention.
____ 91. Helen Hunt Jackson’s book A century of Dishonor along with the belief of reformers for assimilation, and a civilizing force.
K led to rebellions like that of the Nez Perce and the battles like Wounded Knee and Little Big Horn
____ 92. Wovokas prophecy that whites would dissapear and Indians would return to the Great Plains, his encouragement of Ghost Dance.
L led to destruction of the soil which brought on erosion, sandstorms, and opened pathways for exotic and destructive pests
____ 93. The goldstrikes that occurred in Nevada, Colorado, and the mineral wealth in the far West.
M 6,000 blacks left the South to go to Kansas and became by far the largest African American population in the West.
____ 94. The California boom, due to it’s mining country brought the West great population and economy.
N Women were liberated and became an essential part of farming life.
____ 95. The Hispanic occupation in California was very hard on the indigenous hunter-gatherers, undermining their tribal structure, reducing theme to easy prey for the aggressive Anglo miners and settlers.
O Started the legend of Wild West that Cody endorsed and kept alive to this day.
____ 96. IN New Mexico peasants could no longer graze livestock on communal lands because Anglo ranchers established title and started putting up fences.
P Beef prices plunged, the boom collapse and investors fled, open-range ranching end.
____ 97. Chinese came to the U.S. between 1850 and 1880 constituting a considerable minority of the United States’s population, 9%.
Q Already diminished by disease and shrinking pasturage, the great herds almost vanished within ten years.
____ 98. The writings of Mark Twain, Helen Hunt Jackson, and Bret Harte told the tails of California.
R Triggered the Panic of 1873 and brought all on the western roads to an abrupt halt.
contained a dose of romanticism, sanctifying nature as a sacred space and elevating it’s defense to a kind of religious crusade.
land grants and millions of dollars in loans to two companies that undertook the transcontinental project.
____ 100. Mexicans started to employ most menial labor jobs during the period of 1850.
T Wagon trails such as the Oregon Trail became abundant and thousands of emigrants traveled West.
