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11ChinaElectricPowerResearchI nsttiute,No.15 ,QingheXiaoying,EastRoad,
g n ij i e B , t c i r t s i D n a i d i a
H , China
2ChinaUniverstiyofGeosciences(Beiijng)No.29,XueyuanRoad,HaidianDistrict ,Beiijng,China
: s d r o w y e
K Powertelecommunicaiton, Timef requencysynchronizaitondevice, Fusionalgortihm.
t c a r t s b
A .A tpresent ,accordingto thepriorityprinciple ,thetimefrequencysynchronizationdevice f o e n o s e s
u the mutli-frequency sources for itme keeping ,and the qualtiy of synchronous signa l z i m i t p o e b t o n n a
c ed .To solvethis problem ,a itme keeping algorithm formulti-frequency source g n i s u f y b g n i p e e k e m i t r o f d e s u e r a s l a n g i s y c n e u q e r f e t a r u c c a e r o m d n a , d e s o p o r p s i p u k c a b n o i s u f n a s i s y l a n a l a c it e r o e h t f o n o i t a n i b m o c e h t h g u o r h T . s e c r u o s y c n e u q e r f e l p i t l u
m d experimenta l
. d e i d u t s s i m h t i r o g l a n o i s u f e h t n i s t h g i e w e c r u o s y c n e u q e r f i t l u m f o d o h t e m n o i t c e l e s e h t , g n i t s e t i t l u m e h t f o s e g a t n a v d a e h t d e i f i r e v e v a h s t n e m i r e p x
E -frequencysourcefusion algorithmwhenthe
f o s t l u s e r e h T . l a m r o n b a s i e c r u o s y c n e u q e r
f thestudyshowt hatt heuseofunequa lweightscanmake e h t e t a n i m i l e y l e v it c e f f e n a c m h t i r o g l a n o i s u f e h t d n a , r e t t e b n o i s u f y c n e u q e r f e h t f o y t i li b a t s e h t y c n e u q e r f e h t o t s e g r e v n o c n o i s u f r e t f a y ti l i b a t s y c n e u q e r f e h t t a h t o s , e c r u o s y c n e u q e r f l a m r o n b a . e c r u o s y c n e u q e r f l a m it p o e h t f o y t il i b a t s n o it c u d o r t n I e m i t e h
T -frequency synchronization device can be considered as a combination of clock e c i v e d n o i t a z i n o r h c n y s e m i t d n a e c i v e d e d o n n o i t a z i n o r h c n y
s . I thas the funciton of time and
d n a t u p n i y c n e u q e r
f outpu tsimultaneously.
s u o i r a v n i ) s e c i v e d n o i t a z i n o r h c n y s e m i t f o d e s o p m o c ( m e t s y s n o i t a z i n o r h c n y s e m i t e h t ,t n e s e r p t A r e h t o h c a e f o t n e d n e p e d n i s i p r o C d i r G r e w o P l a n o i t a n e h t f o s n o i t a t s b u
s .Withou tforminganetwork
i d s i t i , s k n i l l a i r t s e r r e t h g u o r h
t fficul tto mee tthe demand of the power business .After the time k c o l c e l p i t l u m f o n o i s u f e h t s i e v l o s o t y g o l o n h c e t y e k e h t , d e k r o w t e n s i m e t s y s n o i t a z i n o r h c n y s . s s e l e r i w d n a d e r i w g n i d u l c n i , s e c r u o s e h t , n o i t a r o p r o C d i r G e t a t S l a n o i t a n e h t n
I clocksynchronizationnodedevicehasbeennetworked , c i r t c e l e e h t y l e m a
n powercompany'sfrequencysynchronizationnetwork .Theclocknodedevicein k r o w t e n e h
t setst heprioritiesofmultiplefrequencysourcesandselectst hehighes tpriorityfromt he r f e v it c e f f
e equencysourcetobepunctual .Thewayoffixedpriorityisdifficul ttoselec ttheoptima l k r a m h c n e b g n i m i t s a e c r u o s l a n g i s y c n e u q e r
f [ - .1 4 ] Wtihthei ncreaseoft hepowerbusiness ,higher m i t r o f d r a w r o f t u p n e e b e v a h s t n e m e r i u q e
r eand frequency synchronization [5] .Oneofthe mos t a d e s u s a h h c r a e s e r t n a v e l e r , y l t n e r r u C . e c r u o s e h t m o r f l o r t n o c o t s i s e i g o l o n h c e t l a c i t i r c e c n e r e f e r y t i l a u q h g i h e h t t c e l e s y l l a c i m a n y d o t y t i r o i r p c i m a n y d d n a y t i r o i r p d e x i f f o n o i t a n i b m o c e c r u o
s ][6 .However ,thismethod only choosesthesinglesourceasthe itming benchmark ,and the s i h t n I . t c e f f e t s e b e h t e v e i h c a o t t l u c i f f i d s i t i d n a , n o it a r e p o e h t n i d e v l o v n i t o n e r a s e c r u o s r e h t o m h t i r o g l a g n i p e e k e m i t a , r e p a
p o fmult ifrequencysourcefusion isproposed .Theweigh tselection . s i s y l a n a e s a c t s e t y r o t a r o b a l h g u o r h t d e v l o s s i m h t i r o g l a e h t n i e c r u o s y c n e u q e r f i t l u m f o m e l b o r p e r o m e d i v o r p n a c n o i s u f e c r u o s y c n e u q e r f i t l u m t a h t s t n e m i r e p x e h g u o r h t s e i f i r e v o s l a t i , y l l a n i F n g i s y c n e u q e r f e t a r u c c
n o is u F e c r u o S y c n e u q e r F f o e l p i c n i r P
7 [ m h t i r o g l a e m i t c i m o t a e v i s n e h e r p m o c e h t o t g n i d r o c c
A -10] ,the itme-keeping algorithm of
i t l u
m -frequencysourcefusioni sdesignedbasedont heunderstandingofi tsprinciple .Supposethere f
s i e c r u o s t n e d n e p e d n i h c a e f o y c n e u q e r f e h t d n a , s e c r u o s y c n e u q e r f t n e d n e p e d n i N e r
a i ( i t) , =l ,2.. .
n e h t , ) t ( F o t y c n e u q e r f d e t a r g e t n i e h t t e s , N
F(t)� ∑wi(t)fi(t) , ∑Ni�1wi(t)� 1 )( 1
w : e r e h
W i (t)representst heweigh toft hei -thi ndependen tfrequencysource.
n i n w o h s s i s e c r u o s y c n e u q e r f t n e d n e p e d n i e l p i tl u m f o w o l f m h t i r o g l a y c n e u q e r f n o i s u f e h
T Figure
1.
t h g ie w l a u q e e h t e t a l u c l a C
y c n e u q e r f n a e m
a t a d y c n e u q e r f e t a l u m u c c A
r o t c a f t h g ie w e t a l u c l a
C s
y c n e u q e r f n a e m t h g i e w e h t t e G
l a m r o n b a e t a n i m il E
s e c r u o s y c n e u q e r f h
c a e f o y ti li b a t s e h t e t a l u c l a C
c r u o s y c n e u q e r
f e
t n e d n e p e d n i h c a e r e h t e h W
s k r o w e c r u o s y c n e u q e r f
y ll a m r o n
s e Y
o N
g i
F u 1 .re Flowchar toffrequencysourcefusionalgorithm.
) 1
( Whent hei nitia ldataaccumulationi si nsufficien,tt heweigh tofeachfrequencysourcei ssett obe .
d e n i a t b o s i y c n e u q e r f e g a r e v a e h t d n a , e m a s e h t ) 2
( A ucc mulate data ,then calculate the curren tstandard deviation and second stabiilty of each .
e c r u o s y c n e u q e r f t n e d n e p e d n i ) 3
( According to thestandard deviation ,theworkingstateofeach independen tfrequencysourceis r
e c a f o s u t a t s e h t f I . e m i t l a e r n i d e g d u
j tainfrequencysourcei sabnormal ,removei tanduset he .
) 2 ( p e t s d n a ) 1 ( p e t s t a e p e r o t s e c r u o s y c n e u q e r f g n i n i a m e r ) 4
( The weights of each frequency source are calculated by stabliity ,and the weighted average .
d e n i a t b o s i y c n e u q e r f
s i e c r u o s y c n e u q e r f e h
T constantly running . As time changes , new data is continuously t n e d n e p e d n i h c a e f o s t h g i e w , d e t a e p e r e r a ) 3 ( d n a ) 2 ( s p e t s , d e v o m e r s i a t a d d l o , d e t a l u m u c c a
. d e t a d p u s i y c n e u q e r f n o i s u f d n a , d e t s u j d a y l t n a t s n o c e r a e c r u o s y c n e u q e r f
a e h t m o r f n e e s e b n a c s
A boveprocess ,thekey poin tinthefrequencysourcefusionalgorithmis .
s t h g i e w f o n o i t c e l e s e h t
t h g i e W f o n o it c e l e S
t h g i e w f o s d n i k o w t e r a e r e h t , l a r e n e g n
I s ,equa lweigh tmethodandunequa lweigh tmethod .Asthe o
t s i d o h t e m t h g i e w l a u q e , s e i l p m i e m a
n takeequa lweightsforeachindependen tfrequencysource . t
a h t g n i r e d i s n o
C theatomictimealgorithm takesweigh taccording to the stabiilty of each atomic i
t l u m e h t n I . k c o l
c -frequencysourcefusionalgorithm, thereciproca loftheeachi ndependen tsource ’
y c n e u q e r
f sstabiiltycanalsobet akenast heweight .Thebettert hestabiiltyoft hefrequencysource n
i n w o h s s a , s i t h g i e w e h t r e t a e r g e h t , s
wi(t)� 1/σi
2
∑Nj=11/σj2 (2)
. N , .. . , 2 , 1 = j : e r e h
W σi2representsthestabilityofeachindependen tfrequencysourceandcanbe e
c n a i r a v d r a m a d a H r o e c n a i r a v n a l l A y b d e z i r e t c a r a h
c [ - ]11 14 .The fusion algorithm under both
. y c n e u q e r f n o i s u f e h t f o e c n a i r a v e s i o n e h t e z i m i n i m n a c s d o h t e m n o it a z i r e t c a r a h c
, y c n e u q e r f n o i s u f e l b a t s l a e d i e h t n i a t b o o t r e d r o n
I threerubidiumatomicclocksareselected as f
o y c a r u c c a y c n e u q e r f e h T . s e c r u o s y c n e u q e r f t n e d n e p e d n
i threerubidiumclocksrelativet ot hesame
i e c r u o s y c n e u q e r f e c n e r e f e
r s 1.15× 01 - 01,-1.8 ×10- 01 and - .1 5 ×10- 01 respecitvely .The frequency 1 ± d e e c x e t o n s e o d e g n a h c e r u t a r e p m e t ( C ° 2 2 f o e r u t a r e p m e t t n a t s n o c a t a d e m r o f r e p s i t s e t y t il i b a t s
t u p t u o l a n g i s z H M 0 1 e h t , t s e t e h t n I . ) C
° o fthehydrogenatomicclockisusedasthemeasuremen t h
g i h e h t f o e c n e r e f e
r -precision counter ,and then the10 MHzsigna loutpu tfromthethreechiming h
g i h a h t i w d e r u s a e m s i s k c o l
c -precisioncounter .Thesampilngi ntervali s10s ,andt het es tduraiton ×
3 s
i 105s T. he frequency deviation curve of each independen tfrequency source relative to the n
i n w o h s s i e c n e r e f e r t n e m e r u s a e
m Fig .2.
g i
F u 2 .re Thefrequencyoffse tdataofeachi ndependentfrequencysource.
n
I F 2ig. ,the abscissais the length of test time ,the uni tis s ,and the ordinate isthe frequency )
w o l e b e m a s e h t ( n o i t a i v e
d .I tcanbeseent hatt hecurveoffrequencysourcef1 issmootherandwith s a , e c n a i r a v d r a m a d a H d e t a l u c l a c s i e c r u o s y c n e u q e r f t n e d n e p e d n i h c a e f o y t i l i b a t s e h T . s r r u b r e w e f
n i n w o h
s Table1 .Thesmoothingt imeofvariancecalculationi sshowni nt het able ,andt heuniti ss.
e l b a
T 1 .Stabilityofeachi ndependen tfrequencysource. s
/
τ f1/ s f2/ s f3/ s
0 0 .
1 �101 3.32�10- 31 1.07�10- 21 1.13�10- 21
0 0 .
4 �101 1.57�10- 31 5.40�10- 31 5.59�10- 31
0 2 .
3 �102 6.10�10- 41 1.78�10- 31 2.02�10- 31
8 2 .
1 �103 2.69�10- 41 9.66�10- 41 9.98�10- 41
2 1 .
5 �103 1.59�10- 41 4.60�10- 41 3.96�10- 41
5 0 .
2 �104 9.21�10- 51 3.80�10- 41 2.67�10- 41
Equa lWeigh tMethod
r o f s t h g i e w e m a s e h t s e k a t s y a w l a d o h t e m t h g i e w l a u q e e h t , t r a h c w o l f m h t i r o g l a e h t n i n w o h s s A
, t n e m i r e p x e s i h t n I . y c n e u q e r f n o i s u f e h t g n i t a l u c l a c n e h w e c r u o s y c n e u q e r f h c a
e threeindependen t
e c r u o s y c n e u q e r f h c a e f o t h g i e w e h t o s , d e t c e l e s e r a s e c r u o s y c n e u q e r
f i s1/3 .Thefusionfrequency
e h t g n i s u y b d e n i a t b o n o i t a i v e
d E 1 q . isshowni nFig .3.
. 2 e l b a T n i n w o h s s a , e c n a i r a v d r a m a d a H y b d e t a l u c l a c s i y t i l i b a t s e h T
e h t e r a p m o
C equa lweigh tfusionwtih thestabilityofeach independen tfrequencysource ,tha tis , y
c n e u q e r f t n e d n e p e d n i e h t f o y t i l i b a t s e h t t a h t n e e s e b n a c t I . 2 d n a 1 s e l b a T e r a p m o
c sourcef1i st he
. s e c r u o s y c n e u q e r f t n e d n e p e d n i e e r h t g n o m a t s e
f , s t h g i e w l a u q e h t i w s e c r u o
s 1 doesno tgiveful lplaytoitsownadvantagesofshort-termstabliity . l
a u q
E weightedfusion frequencyisgreatlyaffected by f2 andf3 frequency sources ,whichleadsto unsatisfactorystabiiltyofequa lweigh tfusionfrequency.
g i
F u 3 .re Thefrequencyoffse tdataofequa lweigh tfusionfrequency. e
l b a
T 2 .Stabilityofequa lweigh tfusion. s
/
τ fequa lweight/ s
0 0 .
1 �101 5.35�10- 31
0 0 .
4 �101 2.65�10- 31
0 2 .
3 �102 9.29�10- 41
8 2 .
1 �103 4.40�10- 41
2 1 .
5 �103 2.29�10- 41
5 0 .
2 �104 1.82�10- 41
l a u q e n
U Weigh tMethod
g n i s u y b d e n i a t b o y c n e u q e r f n o i s u f e h
T Eq .1and E 2 q. forunequa lweigh tcalculationsisshownin .
g i
F 4.
g i
F u 4 .re Thefrequencyoffse tdataofunequa lweightfusionfrequency.
s a , e c n a i r a v d r a m a d a H e h t y b d e t n e s e r p e r s i y t i l i b a t s e h t , y l r a l i m i
S showni nTable3.
e h t , 1 e l b a T h ti w 3 e l b a T g n i r a p m o
C fusionfrequencyw ithunequa lweights si comparedwtiht he d e n i a t b o y c n e u q e r f n o i s u f e h t t a h t d n u o f e b n a c t I . e c r u o s y c n e u q e r f t n e d n e p e d n i h c a e f o y t il i b a t s
e h t s t i r e h n i y l l a c i s a b s t h g i e w l a u q e n u h t i
w stabilityadvantageoft hei ndependen tfrequencyf1.
e l b a
T 3 . Stabilityofunequa lweigh tfusion. s
/
τ f nu equa lweight/ s
0 0 .
1 �101 3.62�10- 31
0 0 .
4 �101 1.74�10- 31
0 2 .
3 �102 6.92�10- 41
8 2 .
1 �103 3.14�10- 41
2 1 .
5 �103 1.56�10- 41
5 0 .
f o n o si r a p m o
C T Wwo eigh tSeleciton Methods
, y c n e u q e r f n o i s u f f o y t i li b a t s e h t n o s d o h t e m n o i t c e l e s t h g i e w o w t f o t c e f f e e h t e r a p m o c o t r e d r o n I
s t l u s e r o w t e h t f o y ti l i b a t s e h
t isshowni nTable4.
e l b a
T 4 .Stabilitycomparisonofequa lweigh tfusionandunequa lweigh tfusionoffrequencies. s
/
τ fequa lweight/ s funequa lweight/ s
0 0 .
1 �101 5.35�10- 31 3.62�10- 31
0 0 .
4 �101 2.65�10- 31 1.74�10- 31
0 2 .
3 �102 9.29�10- 41 6.92�10- 41
8 2 .
1 �103 4.40�10- 41 3.14�10- 41
2 1 .
5 �103 2.29�10- 41 1.56�10- 41
5 0 .
2 �104 1.82�10- 41 1.19�10- 41
s i s e i c n e u q e r f n o i s u f d e t h g i e w l a u q e n u f o y ti l i b a t s e h t t a h t w o h s s t l u s e r n o s i r a p m o c e h T
f o e c n a m r o f r e p e h t n i s e c n e r e f f i d e r a e r e h t n e h w s e g a r e v a d e t h g i e w l a u q e n a h t r e t t e b y l t n a c i f i n g i s
r e h t o n I . s e c r u o s y c n e u q e r f t n e d n e p e d n i h c u
s words,t heunequa lweigh tfusionfrequencyminimizes e h t o t e s o l c s y a w l a s i y c n e u q e r f n o i s u f f o y ti l i b a t s e h t d n a , e c r u o s y c n e u q e r f r o o p f o e c n e u l f n i e h t
l b a s i v d a s i ti , e r o f e r e h T . g n i p e e k e m it e h t f o y t i li b a i l e r e h t g n i r u s n e s u h t , e c r u o s y c n e u q e r f l a m i t p
o e
. s t h g i e w l a u q e n u h ti w m h t i r o g l a n o i s u f y c n e u q e r f a e s o o h c o t
e g a t n a v d
A Veri ifca itono fMu Ftl i requencySourceFu ison
t n e d n e p e d n i e h t f o y c a r u c c a e h t n e h W . r e t p a h c d n o c e s e h t s a e m a s s i n o i ti d n o c l a t n e m i r e p x e e h T
f e c r u o s y c n e u q e r
f 3 abruptly changes ,the abnormality of f3 causes a significan tchange in the .
n o it a i v e d d r a d n a t
s Asdescribed in thealgorithmprocess ,thestandard deviation of thefrequency e h T . l a m r o n b a s i e c r u o s y c n e u q e r f e h t r e h t e h w e n i m r e t e d o t e m it l a e r n i d e t a l u c l a c s i e c r u o s
d m h t i r o g l
a etected tha tfrom the beginning of 200 000 s ,the standard deviation of f3 tended to i
t n u e s a e r c n
i l 200 920 sincreasedto 8.2036×10- 21 .Inorderto observethechangeofthestandard a
, y l e v i t i u t n i n o i t a i v e
d n enlargedviewofthestandard deviationchangetrendfrom200 000to203 n
i n e v i g s i s 0 0
0 Fig .5.
g i
F u 5 .re Thechangeofstandarddeviation.
n
I theinitia lanomaly phase ,thestandard deviation changeisno tveryobvious ,sothealgorithm g
d u j y l e m i t t o n n a
c etheabnorma lstartingmoment o 3ff .I twasno tunti l200042sandthestandard ×
3 0 . 3 o t d e s a e r c n i n o i t a i v e
d 10- 21 (thestandarddeviationisabou t1.2×10- 21 innormalt imes)t hatt he .
3 f e c r u o s y c n e u q e r f e h t d e t a n i m i l e y l l a c i t a m o t u a m h t i r o g l
a Andt hent healgorithmusesonlyf1 and
f2 rf o fusion. Thefrequencydeviationaftert hefusioni sshowni nF 6. ig. y
l a m o n a e h t g n i g d u j n i y a l e d e h t o t e u
D o f3f ,the long-term stabiilty of fusion frequency is a y l n o d n a d e t p o d a t o n s i y c n e u q e r f n o i s u f e h t f i , r e v e w o H . t n e t x e n i a t r e c a o t d e t c e f f
a single
f s a h c u s , d e s u s i y c n e u q e r
. y c n e u q e r
f Using thevariance to represen tthestability ofthefusion frequency afterremoving the n
i n w o h s s a , e v r u c n o s i r a p m o c y ti l i b a t s y c n e u q e r f e h t w a r d , e c r u o s l a m r o n b
a Fig .7.
g i
F u 6 .re Theoffse toffusionfrequency.
g i
F u 7 .re Comparisonoffrequencystability.
. g i
F 7 shows the comparison curve between the fusion frequency stabiltiy after removing the c
n e u q e r f e l g n i s e e r h t d n a e c r u o s y c n e u q e r f l a m r o n b
a i esstabiltiy.Theabscissai st hesmoothingt ime .
y t i l i b a t s e h t s i e t a n i d r o e h t d n
a I tcanbeseenfromt hefiguret hatt hefrequencystabilityafterfusion f
e c r u o s y c n e u q e r f l a m i t p o e h t f o y t i l i b a t s e h t o t e s o l c s y a w l a s
i 1 ,andthesinglefrequency source
. e n o l a m i t p o e h t y l i r a s s e c e n t o n s i y t i r o i r p e h t y b d e t c e l e s
y r a m m u S
i t l u m a , m h t i r o g l a e m i t c i m o t a l a c i s s a l c e h t n o d e s a
B frequencysourcef usiont imekeepingalgorithm e h t f o e c n a m r o f r e p e h t n e h w t a h t w o h s s t l u s e r e h T . r e p a p e h t n i d e t n e m e l p m i d n a d e s o p o r p s i
y b d e n i a t b o e b n a c y c n e u q e r f n o i s u f r e t t e b a , t n e l a v i u q e s i e c r u o s y c n e u q e r f t n e d n e p e d n i
l a u q
e -weigh taveragingmethod .Whent hei ndependen tfrequencysourceshaveal argedifferencei n e c n a m r o f r e p r o o p h ti w e c r u o s y c n e u q e r f t n e d n e p e d n i e h t e k a m n a c t h g i e w l a u q e e h t , e c n a m r o f r e p
y c n e u q e r f n o i s u f e h t n o t c a p m i r e t a e r g a e v a
h .A tthis time ,thedistribuiton ofunequa lweightsis h
g i h o t d e n g i s s a e r a s t h g i e w h g i H . d e s
u -performancefrequencies ,and relatively low-performance w
o l o t d e t a c o ll a e r a s e i c n e u q e r
f -weightt oobtainbetterfusionfrequencies .Theexperimenta lresults e
h t g n i v o r p m i r o f e c n a c i f i n g i s t a e r g f o e r
a time-keeping performance of time-frequency n
i m r e t n o i t a z i n o r h c n y
s a . ls
l a m r o n b a e h t e t a n i m i l e y l e v it c e f f e n a c r e p a p s i h t n i d e s o p o r p m h t i r o g l a n o i s u f y c n e u q e r f e h T
f o y t il i b a t s e h t o t e s o l c s y a w l a s i n o i s u f r e t f a y t i l i b a t s y c n e u q e r f e h t t a h t o s , e c r u o s y c n e u q e r
f the
. e c r u o s y c n e u q e r f l a m i t p
g n i v o r p m i y b e r e h t , e c r u o s y c n e u q e r f l a m i t p o e h t t c e l e
s the outpu t performance of the
n o i t a z i n o r h c n y s e h t n o e c i v r e s r e w o p e h t f o s t n e m e r i u q e r e h t g n i t e e m d n a e c i v e d n o i t a z i n o r h c n y s
; x e d n i e c n a m r o f r e
p Thepilo tverificaitonoft heclocksynchronizationnodeequipmen tandt het ime p
e b n a c m e t s y s n o i t a z i n o r h c n y
s erformed in the power communicaiton dispatching building or d n a y t i l a u q l a n g i s n o i t a z i n o r h c n y s e h t e v o r p m i o t d e il p p a e b n a c m h t i r o g l a n o i s u f e h t d n a , n o i t a t s b u s
e m i t e h t f o y t i l i b a i l e
r -frequencysynchronizationdeviceont henetwork.
t n e m e g d e l w o n k c A
This work issupported by Projec tof StateGrid Corporation ofChina :Technica lSystem and Key . ) 4 5 0 0 0 7 1 S J S A 0 0 0 0 T X G S ( s k r o w t e N n o i t a c i n u m m o C n o i t c e t o r P m e t s y S f o h c r a e s e R s e i g o l o n h c e T
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