The Brazilian program for biodiesel:
Present status and challenges.
José D. Rocha
Researcher
Focus in solutions: from biomass to energy
Plano de Ação 2007-2010
In
INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP ON
BIODIVERSITY FOR BIOFUELS AND BIODIESEL IN ARID LANDS
(BIO3)
An overview of the Embrapa – The Brazilian
Company for Agriculture R&D
The Brazilian Agroenergy Plan and the
Agroenergy Platforms
The Biodiesel Program
The Semi-arid and its opportunities in Brazil
Embrapa Network
•
44 Research Centers
- 11 National Thematic Centers
- 16 National Commodity Centers
- 14 Ecorregional /Agroforestry Centers
•
3 Special Services
•
4 VIRTUAL OVERSEA LABS (LABEX)
USA – USDA/ARS
Europe: France, The Netherlands, UK
Korea
Panama
Embrapa Africa – Accra, Ghana
Embrapa Venezuela
Embrapa’s RD&I Network
Embrapa Acre Embrapa Amapa
Embrapa Western Amazonia Embrapa Eastern Amazonia Embrapa Rondonia
Embrapa Roraima Embrapa Tocantins
Embrapa Mid-North
Embrapa Tropical Semi-Arid Embrapa Coastal Tablelands Embrapa Goats
Embrapa Cassava & Tropical Fruits Embrapa Cotton
Embrapa Tropical Agroindustry Embrapa Maranhão
Embrapa Western Region Agriculture Embrapa Rice & Beans
Embrapa Coffee Embrapa Cerrados Embrapa Beef Cattle Embrapa Vegetables Embrapa Pantanal Embrapa Agroenergy
Embrapa Genetic Resources & Biotechnology Embrapa Tecnological Information
Embrapa Mato Grosso
North
Northeast
Mid-west
Embrapa Agrobiology Embrapa Food Technology Embrapa Dairy Cattle
Embrapa Agriculture Informatics Embrapa Agricultural Instrumentation Embrapa Environment
Embrapa Maize & Sorghum Embrapa Satellite Monitoring Embrapa Cattle-Southeast Embrapa Soils
Southeast
Embrapa Temperate Agriculture Embrapa Forestry
Embrapa South Animal Husbandry & Sheep Embrapa Soybean
Embrapa Swine & Poultry Embrapa Wheat
Embrapa Grape & Wine
South
Embrapa Africa Labex USA Labex Europe
(07)
(08)
(11)
(10)
(07)
The Brazilian Agroenergy Platforms
The Brazilian Agroenergy Plan is based on:
-
Agronomic technology
development;
-
Industrial technology
development; and
Biodiesel National Program –
PNPB
. Federal Law 11.097, January 13, 2005. www.biodiesel.gov.br/programa.htmlPr
ograms
R&D, I Bioethanol Program
(PNP Ethanol 2008-2012)
Program ...
Program ...
BRAZILIAN FOREST LAW – FEDERAL LAW 4771 (Modificado por leis, decretos e medidas provisórias. Versão em vigor - ago/97). Artigo 12º - Nas florestas plantadas, não consideradas de preservação permanente, é livre a extração de lenha e demais produtos florestais ou a fabricação de carvão. Nas demais florestas, dependerá de norma estabelecida em ato do Poder Federal ou Estadual, em obediência a prescrições ditadas pela técnica e às peculiaridades locais.
Gerenciamento e capacidade organizacional; C&T; Políticas de sustentabilidade e competitividade da AF; Meio Ambiente; Política Fundiária)
The country has a public agenda
dedicated to the business of
agroenergy.
Fragments
- documents, laws, APL (Local Productive
Arrays), R,D&I, …
The Brazilian Biodiesel Na0onal Program
Federal Law 11.097/2005:
Brazilian Internal Market
2005 ‐ 2007
(2% allowed) => 0 – 840 million liters
2008 ‐ 2012
(3% mandatory)
(5% allowed) => 0,8 – 2,5 billion liters
2013 ‐ ...
(5% mandatory) => 2,5 billion liters
Biofuels consume in Brazil as 25% ethanol from sugarcane in gasoline (flex fuel
cars) and 5% of biodiesel in diesel.
R&D Strategic Areas for BIODIESEL
Source: MCT, 2007
Technical & Scientific and Production Challenges
1
•
Ethylic route technology
2
•
Aggregated value to co-products (feed,
briquettes and biochar
3
•
Development and production of better raw
material varieties to oil
4
•
On-board and stationary engine validation
using biodiesel
1
2
3
Biodiesel National Network
4
10
13
12
8
1
4
(*) Embrapa (Agroenergia, UDs, SGE, DPD, SNT, …)
(*) Embrapa
Biodiesel
Opportunities and Risks - Necessities
Biodiesel
bottlenecks
Raw material
availability
Residues and
co-products in the
productive chain
Technical-scientific
challenges
(agronomics,
industrial)
Market and Logistic
Vehicle and stationary
engines
Investments & Management
New inputs for
Raw Material for Biodiesel in Brazil
•
Soya
•
Cotton
•
Sunflower
•
Castor oil
•
Palm
(Elaeis guineensis e oleifera)•
Jatropha curcas L.
•
Macaúba
(Acrocomia spp)•
Peanut
•
Canola
•
Babassu
(Orbignya phalerata)•
Buriti
•
Residual oils
•
Animal fat
•
Nabo forrageiro
•
Crambe
•
Sesame
•
Inajá
(Maximiliana maripa (Aublet) Drude•
Linasse (semente)
•
Pequi
•
Tucumã
(Astrocaryum spp)•
Industrial residues
•
Tung
in use
under
evaluation
Advanced Biology for
Jatropha curcas L.
Establishment of germplasm collec0on
Genotypic
characteriza0on
Phenotypic
characterization
Progeny test
High Throughput Technology
Marker assisted breeding
Germp
lasm
Collec0
on ‐
BAG
Variety
descrip
tors
(Traits*
)
Cultivar BRS (Conventional breeding) -RNC
Microsatelites EST database Genomic sequences databaseCulti
vars
3 mo
1 yr
3 yrs
4 yrs
7 yrs
Kno
wledg
e
Traits (*):
. Latex
. Oil
. Toxicity
factor
. Productivity
- Others (phenotypic parameters)
Jatropha curcas
L. Breeding Program Summary
Time
Deliverables
Ricinus communis L.
Opportunities, Challenges and
The Brazilian Ecosystems
Amazon
4.2 M Km
2
(49%)
Semi-arid
0.9 M Km
2
(10%)
Savannah
2 M Km
2
(24%)
Atlantic forest
1.1 M Km
2
(13%)
Pantanal (Wetland)
0.15 M Km
2
(2%)
Pampa (Native
pasture)
The Brazilian semi-arid land
(
Caatinga
)
The semi-arid land is 10% of the national area (912
km
²
) and 13% of the population (22 million
inhabitants). It has semi-arid climate, superficial
soil with stones, large biodiversity rich in genetic
resources. With an average water fall of 750 mm/
year (300 e 800 mm/y) is the wettest semi-arid in
the world.
Consortium – Ricinus + Sesame
Source: Beltrão et al., 2009 (Opções para a produção de biodiesel no
semi-árido brasileiro em regime de sequeiro. Porque algodão e mamona?
Consortium: Ricinus + Peanut
Source: Beltrão et al., 2009 (Opções para a produção de biodiesel no
semi-árido brasileiro em regime de sequeiro. Porque algodão e mamona?
“The Brazilian semi-arid is not only climate,
vegetation, soil, sun or water. It is people, music,
party, art, religion, politics, history, and social
process. It can not be understood just from only
one angle.”
This a poetic definition of our Caatinga, the
Brazilian semi-arid land, by Roberto Malvezzi
(2007), in his book The semi-arid: A Holistic
Vision.
Brazil has a large experience in biofuels with the Fuel
Ethanol Program (1975) and use it for new biofuel
EMBRAPA is a key player in this field
Any agroenergy project must be planned in connection
to food and other biobased material production
The Brazilian Biodiesel Program needs innovation
The Semi-arid has great opportunities in Brazil and
everywhere in the planet
We need international cooperation
We must change our style of life!
Muchas Gracias!
Embrapa
Agroenergia
Embrapa Agroenergy new
HQ starts from Dec 2, 2010
