Lesson Syllable Type
-Closed Letter/Pattern Key Word Letter/Pattern Key Word
F.1 Consonants & Short Vowels c cat o otter
F.2 Consonants & Short Vowels a apple d dog
F.3 Consonants & Short Vowels g goat m mouse
F.4 Consonants & Short Vowels l lemon h hat
F.5 Consonants & Short Vowels t table i itch
F.6 Consonants & Short Vowels j jar k kite
F.7 Consonants & Short Vowels p panda u up
F.8 Consonants & Short Vowels b bat r rat
F.9 Consonants & Short Vowels f frog n nickel
F.10 Consonants & Short Vowels e edge s soup
F.11 Consonants & Short Vowels w witch y yo-yo
F.12 Consonants & Short Vowels v volcano x fox
Lesson Syllable Type - Closed Pattern Key Word Rule
1.1 Initial Consonant Digraph ch chop
Digraphs are patterns in which two letters work together to make
one sound
1.2 Initial Consonant Digraph sh sheep
1.3 Initial Consonant Digraph th think
1.4 Initial Consonant Digraph wh when
1.5 Initial Blends L-Blends
bl – blue
When we blend consonants together, we usually hear both
sounds cl – cloud fl – fly gl – glue pl – plate sl - sled
1.6 Initial Blends R-Blends
br – brim cr – crab dr – drum pr – print tr – trash
1.7 Initial Blends S-Blends
sn – snail sp – spot st – stop sw - swim
1.8 Final Consonant Digraph ck sock Two letters that make one sound
1.9 Final Blends N-Blends
nd – sand
When we blend consonants together, they usually keep both
sounds ng – song
nk - honk nt – ant
1.10 Final Blends S-Blends
st - dust sk - desk
1.11 Final Blends M-Blends camp
1.12 Welded Sounds all ball
A welded sound is a pattern in which we glue the sounds together because they aren’t
spelled as they sound
1.13 Welded Sounds ank bank
1.14 Welded Sounds ink stink
1.15 Welded Sounds ang fang
Lesson Syllable Type Pattern Key Word Rule
2.1 Closed ck kick Use CK at the END of a single-syllable word touching a short vowel. 2.2 Closed FLOSS Floss Double an F, L, S, or Z touching a short vowel in a single syllable word. 2.3 Closed tch catch Use TCH at the END of a single-syllable word touching a short vowel. 2.4 Closed dge bridge short vowel to say /J/ because no English word ends with Use DGE at the END of a single-syllable word touching a
J. 2.5 Closed VC/CV(Rabbit
Rule)
Rabbit Highlight the vowels, split the consonants using the Divide closed syllables between the consonants. Rab/bit Rule.
2.6 Consonant EVowel V-C-E Magic E
When you have a vowel, followed by a consonant, followed by an E – the vowel makes a long sound, and
the E is silent. 2.7 Consonant EVowel (between 2 s
vowels) rose An S stuck between 2 vowels will say /z/ as in rose. 2.7 Consonant EVowel v Bees love the
beehive
No English word ends in V, it needs an E at the end. The vowel might make a short or long sound when this happens. The vowel may also become schwa (lazy). 2.8 Consonant EVowel VC/VCE(Reptile
Rule) Reptile
Highlight the vowels, keep a VCE syllable together using the Rep/tile Rule.
2.9 R-Controlled ar car ar says /R/ in the middle or end of a word or syllable (can say /r/ as in dollar)
2.10 R-Controlled or corn (can say /r/ as in doctor usually as a suffix meaning a or says /or/ in the middle or end of a word or syllable person who does)
2.11 R-Controlled er spider (usually used in multisyllable words, also used as a suffix er says /r/ in the middle or end of a word or syllable comparative)
2.12 R-Controlled ir bird (can say /ear/ as in irresponsible as a prefix meaning not)ir says /r/ in the middle or end of a word or syllable 2.13 R-Controlled ur turn ur says /r/ in the middle or end of a word or syllable 2.14 R-Controlled CVR/CV Division Hornet Highlight the vowels, keep R-Controlled vowels together using the Hornet Rule. 2.15 Open y at the gymCry baby Y is a vowel whenever it is not in the beginning of a word. It says /I/ in one-syllable words and /E/ in multisyllable
words. It can say /i/ in closed syllables (e.g., gym) 2.16 Open CV/CVCDivision Tiger separates the vowels, keep the vowel long first.Highlight the vowels, when only 1 consonant 2.16 Open VC/CVCDivision Camel separates the vowels, try the vowel short next.Highlight the vowels, when only 1 consonant
Lesson Syllable Type Pattern Key Word Rule
3.1 DigraphVowel ai rain ai says /A/ in the middle of a word or syllable 3.2 DigraphVowel ay play ay says /A/ at the end of a word or syllable 3.3 DigraphVowel ee green ee says /E/ in the middle of a word or syllable
3.4 DigraphVowel ey key ey says /E/ at the end of a word (usually a multisyllable word)
3.5 DigraphVowel oa/oe stepped goat on my toe
oa says /O/ in the middle of a word or syllable; oe says /O/ at the end of a word or syllable
3.6 DiphthongVowel oi poison oi says /oi/ in the middle of a word or syllable
3.7 DiphthongVowel oy destroy oy says /oi/ at the end of a word or syllable
3.8 DigraphVowel oo look at the moon oo can say /U/ as in look or /U/ as in moon in the middle or at the end of a word or syllable
3.9 Digraph & Vowel
Diphthong ou trout soup
ou says /ou/ in the middle of a word or syllable; ou can say /U/ as in soup usually in the middle of a word
or syllable 3.10 Digraph & Vowel
Diphthong ow snowplow
ow can say /O/ as in snow in the middle or at the end of a word or syllable; ow says /ou/ as in plow in the
middle or at the end of a word or syllable
3.11 DigraphVowel ea eat bread and steak
ea can say /E/ or /e/ as in eat bread in the middle of a word or syllable
ea can say /A/ as in steak in the middle of a word or syllable (this is the least common sound option for ea) 3.12 DigraphVowel au laundry au says /o/ (short sound) in the middle or a word or syllable
3.13 DigraphVowel aw yawn au says /o/ (short sound) in the middle or at the end of a word or syllable 3.14 &
3.15 Consonant LE C-L-E apple Consonant LE count back 3 to divide the syllable; the e is silent 3.16 Consonant LE stle castle stle says /sl/ the t and e are silent
Lesson Affix Pattern Key Words Rule
4.1 Suffixes -s dogs, runs Makes the word plural or conjugates verb
-es teaches, classes Used instead of -s after an s, x, z, ch, sh
4.2 Suffixes -ing looking Makes a verb present tense
-ed sailed, folded, jumped Makes a word past tense
4.3 Suffixes -ful youthful Means “full of”
-less wireless Means “without”
4.4 Suffixes -er taller Comparative that means more
-est fastest Comparative that means most
4.5 Suffixes -er teacher Means “a person who does”
-or doctor Means “a person who does”
4.6 Suffixes -y grumpy Means “like or characteristic of”
-ly quickly Describing how something is done
4.7 Suffixes -able bendable Means “able to
-ible flexible Means “able to
4.8 Prefixes un- unhappy “Means not/opposite of”
non- nonstop Means “without”
4.9 Prefixes mis- misspell Means “incorrect”
dis- disconnect Means “not/opposite of”
4.10 Prefixes in- incorrect Means “not” or “in/on”
ir- irresponsible Means “not”
4.11 Prefixes re- replay Means “again”
de- descend Means “down or away from”
4.12 /SuffixPrefix em- empower Means “cause to”
-en golden Means “made of/to make”
4.13 Suffixes -ish foolish Means “like or characteristic of”
-ic automatic Means “characteristics of/ability to”
4.14 Suffixes -ness kindness Means “a state of being”
-ty safety Means “state or condition of”
4.15 Suffixes -ment treatment Turning a verb into a noun
-al royal Means “having the character of”
4.16 Suffixes -ive active Doing or tending to do
Lesson Syllable
Type Pattern Key Word Rule
5.1 DigraphVowel ie pie & cookies
ie can say /I/ as in pie in the middle or at the end of a word or syllable; ie can say /E/ as in cookie in the
middle or at the end of a word or syllable 5.2 DigraphVowel ei reindeer receives
ei says /A/ in the middle of a word or syllable; ei can says /E/ in the middle or a word or syllable (this
is the least common sound pattern for ei) 5.3 DigraphVowel ui/ue Have fruit and don’t argue
over glue
ui says /U/ as in fruit in the middle of a word or syllable; ue can say /U/ as in argue or /oo/ as in
glue in the middle or at the end of a word 5.4 DigraphVowel ew/eu sleuth had stew ew can say /U/ as in stew; eu says /U/ as in feud in the middle or at the end of a word or syllable
5.5 DigraphVowel igh night igh says /I/ in the middle or at the end of a word or syllable
5.6 DiphthongVowel eigh eight eigh says /A/ in the middle or at the end of a word or syllable
5.7 Complex Patterns wor, quawa, war,
Wash the squash, check
for worms W can impact vowel sounds
5.8 Complex Patterns olt, ind, ildost, old, Most kind wild colts grow old These are closed syllable exceptions and the vowel makes a long sound
5.9 Stable Final Syllables tion/sion mansionnation/ tion says /shun/ usually following a long vowel or base or root word that ends in t, sion says /shun/ following a consonant or /zhun/ following a vowel 5.10 Stable Final Syllables cian/tian Martian was a magician
cian - says /shun/ and means a person in a profession; tian - says /shun/ and means
descended from
5.11 Complex Patterns ture picture ture says /cher/
5.12 Complex Patterns cial/tial Your initials are special cial and tial say /shul/
5.13 Complex Patterns cious/tious Be cautious of delicious
desserts cious and tious say /shus/ 5.14 Complex Patterns kn, gn, mb, ph, wr
I know the gnome will climb a phony
wreath.
Each of these patterns has a silent letter, wr – typically means “twisted”
5.15 Complex Patterns Soft C circled the cell The cyclone
tower. C says /s/ when followed by an e, i, or y 5.16 Complex Patterns Soft G found a gem in The giraffe
Lesson Affix Pattern Key Words Rule
6.1 Prefixes fore- before Means “before in space, time or condition”
pre- prehistoric
6.2 Prefixes mid- midair Means “meets at or near the middle point”
over- overhead Means “above, highest, too much”
6.3 Prefixes tran- transformation Means “across, beyond, through”
semi- semi-permanent Means “half”
6.4 Prefixes anti- antioxidant Means to be “against, opposite of”
inter- interconnected Means “between, among, in the midst of”
6.5 Prefixes sub- subway Means “under, below, beneath”
under- underground Means “under, beneath, less, lower”
6.6 Prefixes super- superhero Means “above, beyond”
ultra- ultrafast Means “above, beyond”
6.7 Roots phon- symphony Means “sound”
aud- audible Means “to hear”
6.8 Roots auto- automobile Means “self”
bio- biodegradable Means “life”
6.9 Roots scrib transcribe Means “to write”
graph paragraph Means “to write”
6.10 Roots ast asteroid Means “stars”
terr terrain Means “Earth/land”
6.11 Roots port portable
Means “to carry”
ject eject Means “to throw”
6.12 Roots sens sensation Means “feel/sense”
sent sentiment Means “feel/sense”
6.13 Roots dict dictionary Means “to say or speak”
voc vocabulary Means “to call”
6.14 Roots photo photosynthesis Means “light”
spec spectacular Means “see”
6.15 Roots cent century Means “one-hundred”
bi bicycle Means “two”
6.16 Roots bene benefit Means “well”
