Name___________________________________Period_____________________Date___________
__
15
Reconstruction
1865-1877
A. True-False
Where the statement is true, mark T. Where it is false, mark F. Mark clearly.
1. The problem of Reconstruction-how the restore rebellious states to the Union-was addressed by the Founding Fathers.
2. They enacted laws-known as Black Codes- designed to drive the former slaves back to the plantations.
3. In early April they got the necessary two-thirds in both houses and enacted the Civil Rights Act. 4. A dissension-ridden National Union convention in July ended conclusively, and Johnson’s
campaign for the Fourteenth Amendment became, effectively, a campaign for the Democratic Party. 5. Republicans responded furiously, unveiling a practice that would become known as “waving the
dirty shirt.”
6. About securing the freedmen’s civil and political rights, however, there was no agreement. 7. Johnson vetoed the Reconstruction Act, but Congress overrode the veto.
8. Eleven counts of presidential misconduct were brought, nine of them violations of the Tenure of Office Act.
9. The impeachment controversy made Grant, already the North’s war hero, a Democratic hero as well, and he barely won the party’s presidential nomination in 1868.
10. Douglass’s resolution in support of the Fifteenth Amendment failed, and the Equal Rights convention broke up in acrimony.
11. The core support of the Reconstruction administration came from African Americans, who constituted a majority of registered voters in Alabama, Florida, South Carolina, and Mississippi. 12. Calling forth the special destiny of the ex-slaves as the new “Parents of Israel,” black ministers
provided a powerful religious underpinning for the Republican politics of their congregations. 13. The sharecropping system joined laborers and the owners of land and capital in a common sharing
of risks and returns.
14. Throughout the Deep South, especially where black voters were heavily concentrated,
Confederate planters and their supporters organized secretly and terrorized blacks and their white allies.
15. The Fort Pillow massacre foreshadowed the civil strife that would consume Tennessee during Reconstruction.
16. Scalawags is an ancient Scots-Irish term for runty, worthless animals.
17. Whites who had come from the North they denounced as carpetbaggers- self-seeking interlopers who carried all their property in cheap suitcases called carpetbags.
18. Lower tax revenues never managed to overtake the huge obligations assumed by the Reconstruction governments.
19. The battle between planters and freedmen over the land was by means unique to the American South.
20.The political cynicism that overtook the Civil Rights Act signaled the Republican Party’s reversion to the practical politics of earlier days.
B. Multiple Choice
Select the best answer and write the proper letter in the space provided. ___ 21. The core support for Reconstruction Administration came from
a. Southern Whites b. Northern Whites c. African Americans d. Immigrants
___ 22. Johnson offered amnesty too all Southerners who took an oath of allegiance to the Constitution except
a. poor farmers with little or no slaves b. merchants
c. high-ranking Confederate officials and wealthy planters d. Scalawags
___ 23. The newly formed legislatures sought to restore slavery by a. passing the Black Codes
b. revising the Constitution
c. replacing Johnson with a Democratic president d. threatening the nation with cotton
___ 24. The Congressional Republicans decided to intervene with the issues at the South because
a. Johnson ordered them as part of his Reconstruction plan
b. a wave of violence erupted in the South when the Congress refused to admit the southern delegates
c. the Black Codes completely restored slavery in the South d. South was undergoing a severe depression due to no slavery ___ 25. After their independence, the emancipated blacks sought to acquire
a. the right to vote b. respect
c. the chance to go back to Africa d. land
___ 26. The Freedmen’s Bureau sided with the planters in that it allowed the planters to
a. retain the “gang labor” of the past with the wages that replaced the food, shelter and clothing
b. use violence against the workers
c. restrict any form of freedom among the laborers during the work hours d. use the Black Codes to regain slavery in their plantations
___ 27. Johnson’s veto of the Freedmen’s Bureau showed
a. the extent in which Freedmen’s Bureau was unconstitutional b. the changing power from Union to the Confederates c. Johnson’s racism and helped pass the Civil Rights Act d. that the Union did not want to free the slaves completely
___ 28. Johnson’s campaign against the ________ became a campaign for the Democratic party.
a. Freedmen’s Bureau
b. The Fourteenth Amendment c. Black Codes
d. Gang-Labor System
___ 29. The three-to-one majority victory of the 1866 congressional election demonstrated
a. how Andrew Johnson’s Reconstruction plan was a failure
b. how Andrew Johnson’s new approach to the campaigning was a success c. the growing separation between the Republicans and Democrats d. the vast popular support for the civil rights of the former slaves
___ 30. The _________ viewed themselves as God’s instrument for regenerating the South and remaking the southern society.
a. Radical Republicans b. Radical Democrats c. Conservative Republicans d. Conservative Democrats
___ 31. The two other states that were bounded with Alabama for the military district were
a. Arkansas and Texas b. Georgia and Florida
c. North Carolina and South Carolina d. Louisiana and Mississippi
___ 32. The Tenure of Office Act was intended to protect a. Secretary of War Edwin M. Stanton
b. Freed Blacks in the South c. Ex-Northerners in the South d. Supporters of Johnson ___ 33. The Tenure of Office Act
a. Defined citizenship rights of freedom
b. Required Senate consent for removal of any federal official whose appointment had required Senate confirmation
c. Prohibited the states from depriving citizens of their civil rights or equal protection under the law
d. Divided the South into five military districts, each hunder the command of a Union general
___ 34. These two people focused exclusively on women’s rights and took up the battle for a federal woman suffrage amendment.
a. Susan B. Anthony and Elizabeth Cady Station b. Fredrick Douglass and Lydia Maria Child c. Lucy Stone and Julia Ward Howe d. Fredrick Douglass and Lucy Stone
___ 35. The Fifteenth Amendment was not sufficient in allowing everyone to vote because
a. it only allowed the white northerners to legally vote b. the amendment did not specify well enough c. it stated that African Americans could not vote
___ 36. The reason why only few of the homesteaders succeeded was a. the land granted was not big enough for many to start farming b. the land granted was in swampy, infertile parts of the Lower South c. many did not gain the knowledge to build farms for themselves d. many left to the East to get jobs at factories
___ 37. Liberals were made up of group of middle class reformers who believed in a. free trade, market competition, and limited government
b. strong central government
c. “redeeming” the South and restoring the South’s political power under the democratic party
d. the Ku Klux Klan
___ 38. One of the reasons why free blacks liked sharecropping was a. blacks were able to make a good earning from it
b. blacks were able to gain more respect among the Southern whites
c. mobilized husbands and wives in common enterprise while shielding both from personal subordination to whites
d. it increased the chance for them to climb up the social ladder once their debts were paid
___ 39. The Congress did all of the following to control the Ku Klux Klan except
a. passed legislation, including the Ku Klux Klan Act b. they sent federal troops to the South Carolina
c. sought to suppress terrorist activities that deprived citizens of their civil and political rights
d. succeeded in prosecuting the Klansmen and threatened others from staying in the Klan
___ 40. Grant did not get re-nominated by the Republican Party because a. Grant did not wish to run again
b. Grant’s second term was over
c. The Republican party thought that Grant had too much power d. The political corruption during that time damaged his image
C. Identification
Supply the correct identification for each numbered description.
____________________ 41. Act committed by the president of refusing to sign a bill before Congress. ____________________ 42. Laws observed to drive former slaves back to the plantation fields; restoring
slavery in all but name.
____________________ 43. Establish by 38th Congress, it aided ex-slaves during the transition from war to
peace.
____________________ 44. Declared the ex-slaves to be citizens and granted them equal rights of contract, access to the courts, and protection of person and property.
____________________ 45. A plan that entitled pardoned Confederates to recover property seized during the civil war; restoring plantations to their white owners.
____________________ 46. Common term for blacks newly liberated from slavery
____________________ 47. Declared “All persons born or naturalized in the United States…” as citizens. ____________________ 48. Lincoln’s 1863 program for rapid reconstruction in the south.
____________________ 49. Organized the south as a conquered land, dividing it into five military districts; each under the command of a union general.
____________________ 50. Passed in March of 1863, it required senate consent for the removal of any federal official whose appointment had required senate confirmation. ____________________ 51. An act employing the power granted to the House of Representatives to
charge high federal officials with “Treason, Bribery, or other high Crimes and Misdemeanors.”
_____________________ 52. Forbade states to deny citizens the right to vote on the grounds of race, color or “previous condition of servitude.”
_____________________ 53. Defined citizenship rights of freedmen, and was established as constitutional by the 14th amendment.
_____________________ 54. Authorized the president to use federal prosecutions and military force to suppress conspiracies that deprived citizens of the right to vote and enjoy the equal protection of the law.
_____________________ 55. Required black men to pay for their vote, discouraging them from voting. _____________________ 56. Name given by ex-confederates for southern whites who supported
reconstruction.
_____________________ 57. Whites that came from the North as self seeking interlopes who carried all their property in cheap suitcases called carpetbags.
_____________________ 58. Offered 80 acre grants to settlers, limited for the first yr freedmen and southern unionists.
_____________________ 59. Distinctive laboring system, of cotton agriculture in which the freedmen worked as renters, exchanging their labor for the use of a house, or other necessities. _____________________ 60. Advocates of free labor that repudiated the war time expansion of federal
power.
D. Matching People, Places, and Events
Match the person, place, or event in the left column with the proper description in the right column by inserting the correct letter on the blank line.
61. Thirteenth Amendment 62. President Abraham Lincoln 63. Wade-Davis Bill
64. Andrew Johnson
65. General William T. Sherman 66. Rural South
67. Pine Bluff, Arkansas 68. Fourteenth Amendment 69. Republican Party
70. Reconstruction Act of 1867 71. Tenure of Office Act 72. Fifteenth Amendment
73. Susan B. Anthony and Elizabeth
Cady Stanton 74. Equal Rights Association
75. National Women Suffrage Association
76. Scalawags 77. Carpetbaggers
78. Southern Homestead Act of 1866 79. Ku Klux Klan Act of 1871 80. Rutherford B. Hayes
A. New organization, New York, accepted only women, focused exclusively on women’s rights,
and resolutely took up the battle for a federal woman suffrage amendment
B. This amendment abolished slavery C. “after some kind of dispute with some
freedmen,” whites had set fire to their cabins and hanged twenty-four of the inhabitants-men, women, and children.
D. Governor of Ohio, a colorless figure but untainted by corruption or by strong
convictions-in a word, a safe man; nominated by Republicans
E. Spoke of the need to “bind up the nation’s wounds,” died on April 14, 1865 at Ford’s Theatre in Washington.
F. This declared that “all persons born or naturalized in the United States” were citizens G. An ancient Scots-Irish term for runty, worthless animals
H. Designed to enforce the rights of ex-slaves under the Fourteenth and Fifteenth Amendments
I. Passed on July 2, 1864; as conditions on the rebellious states; served notice that congressional Republicans were not about to hand over Reconstruction policy to the president J. Not like the North, where working for wages was by now the norm and qualified a man as independent
K. The champion of universal suffrage, black abolitionist Frederick Douglass, pleaded for understanding
L. Offered 80-acre grants to settlers, limited for the first year to freedmen and southern Unionist
M. Self-made man from Tennessee, born in 1808, apprenticed as a boy to a tailor and set up shop in Greenville; prospered
Radical Republicans that this was “the Negro’s hour” and that women should wait another day O. Emerged with a new sense of unity-a unity
coalescing not as the center, but on the left, around the unbending program of the Radical minority
P. Self-seeking interlopers who carried all their property in cheap suitcases
Q. Reserved large coastal tracts for liberated slaves and settled them on 40-acre plots
R. Companion to the Reconstruction Act, required Senate consent for the removal of any official whose appointment had required Senate confirmation; required president to issue all orders to the army thought its commanding general, Ulysses S. Grant
S. Enacted in March by the Republican Congress, organized the South as a conquered land, dividing it into five military districts, each under the command of a Union general
T. Forbade either federal government or the states from denying citizens the right to vote on the basis on race, color, or “previous condition on servitude.”
E. Matching Cause and Effect
Match the historical cause in the left column with the proper effect in the right column by writing the correct letter on the blank line.
Cause
_____ 81. The Enactment of the 14th
Amendment
_____ 82. Johnson’s easy reconstruction plan _____ 83. Johnson’s humiliating defeat in the
1866 congressional election
_____ 84. Johnson’s attack on the legislation claiming the country was for white men
_____ 85. Suffrage given to blacks but not to women
_____ 86. The Black Codes of 1865, poll tax and literacy test
_____ 87. The formal dismissal of Secretary of War Edwin Stanton
_____ 88. New taxes introduced by the Republican governments for their Ambitious new programs
_____ 89. The Republican’s plan for ending the
South’s dependency on cotton agriculture
_____ 90. The Wade Davis Bill
_____ 91. Emerging African Americans leadership
_____ 92. Republican ambitious plan to reconstruct the South
_____ 93. Republican’s view on education as the foundation for a democratic order _____ 94. Landless freedmen
_____ 95. Storekeepers lien on the crop Effect
A. African Americans of all ages began to enter the newly established schools even when they had to pay
B. Brought about the idea of impeachment against Johnson for defying Congress C. Demolished vast popular support for the Civil Rights of the former slaves as the
Republicans emerged with a new sense of unity that was centered around the radical D. Planted the seeds of the feminists movement as
more and more organizations such as the American Women Suffrage Association were established
E. Forced Republicans to take action in Congress and create the Freemen’s Bureau, headed by Lyman Trumbell
F. Modernized state constitution, that not only helped blacks but helped single and married women
G. Black officeholders became prominent in the South
H. Republican allies drifted away and turned against radical Reconstruction
I. Emancipated slaves rarely got civil or political equality and sharecropping succeeded
J. Established the Constitutionality of the Civil Rights Act and laid the groundwork for a federally enforced standard of quality in the states
_____ 96. Struggle between planters and freedmen _____ 97. Nathan Bedford Forrest
_____ 98. Ku Klux Klan Act
_____ 99. Republicans lost interest in the battle for blacks
_____ 100. “Grantism”
K. Sparked violence in the south with riots that left many blacks dead and places destroyed
L. Imposed slavery like restrictions on blacks and intimidated them from voting
M. Sharecroppers fell into debt and the debt became the pretext for peonage
N. The Ku Klux Klan was introduced O. Sharecroppers fell into debt and the debt became the pretext for peonage
P. Property taxes on both real estate and personal wealth were introduced
Q. The Republicans nominated Rutherford B. Hayes
S. Served notice that Congressional republicans were not about to hand over Reconstruction policy to the president
T. Rapidly increased states debts and ingrained corruption in American politics as more money was wasted or lading in the pockets of public officers.
ANSWERS TO CHAPTER 15
A. True/False
1. F 4. F 5.F 6. F 7. T 8.T 9.F 10. T 11. T 12. F 13. T 14. F 15. T 16. T 17. T 18. T 19. F 20. T
B. Multiple Choice
22. C 23. A 24. B 25. D 26. A 27. C 28. B 29. D 30. A 31. B 32. A 33. B 34. C 35. D 36. B 37. A 38. C 39. D 40. D
C. Identification
41. pocket veto 42. Black codes 43.Freedmen’s Bureau
44. Trumbell`s Civil Rights Bill 45. Johnson’s amnesty plan 46. Freedmen
47. 14th amendment 48. Ten percent plan 49. Reconstruction act of 1867 50. Tenure of office act
51. Impeachment
52. 15th amendment 53. Civil rights act of 1866 54 .Klu Klux Klan
55. Poll taxes 56. Scalawags 57. Carpetbaggers
58. Southern Homestead Act of 1866 59. Share-cropping 60.liberals
D. Matching
61. B 62. E 63. I 64. M 65. Q 66. J 67. C 68. F 69. O 70. S 71. R 72. T 73. N 74. K 75. A 76. G 77. P 78. L 79. H 80. D
E. Cause/Effects
81. J 82. E 83. C 84. K 85. D 86. L 87. B 88. T 89. F 90. S 91.G 92. P
93. A 94. R
95. M 96. I 97. N 98. O 99.H 100. Q
