204496883-Manual-Chemistry-2014

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(1)RESTRI CTED. ! !. !. MAJLI S PEPERI KSAAN MALAYSI A. ST A l PM ex T C an he m is try. (MALAYSI AN EXAMI NATI ONS COUNCI L). PEPERI KSAAN SI JI L TI NGGI PERSEKOLAHAN M ALAYSI A (MALAYSIA HIGHER SCHOOL CERTIFICATE EXAMINATION). M anual for School-Based Assessment: Chemistry Practical Paper 4 962/4 STPM 2014. REM I NDER:. This manual is specifically for the use of teachers or examiners only and should not be given to unauthorised persons. __________________________________________________________________________________ This SBA M anual consists of 83 printed pages. Majlis Peperiksaan Malaysia 2013 RESTRI CTED.

(2) RESTRI CTED. Contents Page Part 1: 7HDFKHU¶V0DQXDOof Chemistry Practical Introduction. 1. 1.2. General Information. 1. 1.3. Recording of Assessment Marks. 2. 1.4. Moderation. 3. 1.5. Practical Work Assessment Guide. 4. 1.6. Project Assessment Guide. 9. 1.7. Summary of the Allocation of Mark for Each Experiment. 16. 1.8. Table of Summary of Experiment and Project. 17. 1.9. Preparation of Solutions. 19. 1.10. Guidelines for Experiments. 22. 1.11. List of Apparatus and Materials. 36. Appendix A. 49. Appendix B. 50. ST A l PM ex T C an he m is try. 1.1. Part 2: 6WXGHQW¶V0DQXDOof Chemistry Practical 2.1. Introduction. 51. 2.2. Assessment of Practical Work and Project. 51. 2.3. Table of Summary of Experiment and Project. 54. 2.4. Experiment for First Term. 56. 2.5. Experiment for Second Term. 66. 2.6. Experiment for Third Term. 75. RESTRI CTED.

(3) RESTRI CTED CHEM I STRY PRACTI CAL. STPM 2014. Part 1: Teacher's M anual of Chemistry Practical 1.1 I ntroduction This manual contains administration and guidelines on the implementation and assessment of the practical work and project which have to be carried out by the school.. 1.1.2. Some of the skills that should be developed in STPM Chemistry subject (e.g. handling of apparatus, observation, interpretation of results, and planning) can only be fully acquired through practical work and project.. 1.1.3. Continuous assessment of practical work and project in school throughout form six will ensure that direct assessment of all the desired practical and scientific skills of students can be made.. 1.1.4. The practical science assessment is carried out in schools with the following objectives:. ST A l PM ex T C an he m is try. 1.1.1. (a). To establish a practical work assessment system which is fair, accurate and comprehensive;. (b). To improve the practical skills and the quality of practical work of students;. (c). To inculcate independence, teamwork spirit, scientific attitudes and critical thinking among students.. 1.2 General I nformation 1.2.1. The teacher in charge of the school-based assessment of practical chemistry will be provided with a softcopy of the 7HDFKHU¶V 0DQXDO ZKLFK FRQWDLQV WKH GHWDLOV RI the administration of practical chemistry assessment, practical work assessment guide and description of experiments.. 1.2.2. Malaysian Examinations Council (MEC) will provide a softcopy of Teacher's and 6WXGHQW¶V 0DQXDO which can be downloaded from MEC Portal (http://www.mpm.edu.my) during the first term of form six. MEC will send username and password to Principal of the school for the downloaded purposes. The school is expected to make the duplicate copies of the Student's Manual which contain experiments to be given to each student.. 1.2.3. MEC has determined 13 compulsory experiments and one project to be carried out by students which will be assessed by the teacher in three respective terms.. 1.2.4. Experiments and project are to be carried out either individually or in groups as recommended in the Table of Summary of Experiments and Project on pages 17.. 1.2.5. The teacher is expected to prepare the experiments according to this manual. MEC should be informed of any modifications made by using the Experiment Report Form (See Appendix B on page 51). 1.2.6. The recommended time to complete the practical works report and project report is as recommended in the Table of Summary of Experiments and Project on pages 17.. 1.2.7. The information on each experiment should be given to the students before the experiment is carried out so that they can plan their practical work. 1. RESTRI CTED.

(4) RESTRI CTED CHEM I STRY PRACTI CAL. STPM 2014. 1.2.8. The teacher should ensure that a student has been given a chance to acquire a particular skill before the assessment of that skill is made. For this purpose, the teacher should carry out similar experiments before carrying out the compulsory experiments.. 1.2.9. The assessment of experimental skills should be done while the student is carrying out the experiment and also on the student¶VSUDFWLFDOZRUNUHSRUWThe assessment for the project should be done according to the project report and the oral presentation made by students.. 1.2.10 For a student who is absent for an experiment with reason, the teacher can fix another date for the students to carry out the experiment.. ST A l PM ex T C an he m is try. 1.2.11 Students may write their practical work and project reports in either English or Bahasa Melayu. The practical work reports is to be submitted to the teacher on the same day the experiment is carried out unless otherwise stated. (Refer to the Table of Summary of Experiments and project on pages 17) Practical work reports which are not submitted RQWKHGD\RIWKHH[SHULPHQWDUHWREHDZDUGHGµ¶PDUN. 1.2.12 Practical work reports which can be completed at home are to be submitted to the teacher not later than 3 days from the date of the experiment. A penalty of 2 marks is to be imposed for the reports submitted late to the teacher. Practical work reports which are submitted later than 7 days from the date RIWKHH[SHULPHQWDUHWREHDZDUGHGµ¶ mark. 1.2.13 The teacher is required to set the dateline for the submission of project in the specified date at the end of third term. A penalty of 2 marks is to be imposed for the reports submitted late to the teacher.. 1.2.14 The oral presentation for the project work should be carried out by the teachers after the assessment of the project report of all students. If the teacher suggests that changes are required towards the project report after the oral presentation, the student needs to correct the project report.. 1.2.15 For a student who has transferred to another school, the previous school is to send the student¶VUHSRUWVDQGWKH6WXGHQW5HFRUG Form which is partially completed and signed by the subject teacher, to the student¶VQHZVFKRRO. 1.2.16 All practical work and project reports, and Student's Record Form are evidence; and should be kept by the school and destroyed under secure condition 6 months after the release of the STPM result in the following year.. 1.3 Recording of Assessment M arks 1.3.1. Recording of the practical assessment marks of each student is to be done by the subject teacher on Student's Record Form (See Appendix A on page 50).. 1.3.2. For each student, the teacher is to record the date of the experiment, the experiment number and mark given to each of the skills for the 13 compulsory experiments in the Student's Record Form. Marks are to be awarded in accordance with the practical work assessment guide on pages 4. The teacher will also record the date of oral presentation and mark given to each skill and component for the project in the Student's Record Form. Marks are to be awarded in accordance with the project assessment guide on pages 9. 2. RESTRI CTED.

(5) RESTRI CTED CHEM I STRY PRACTI CAL. Remarks on the following FDVHV VKRXOG EH ZULWWHQ LQ WKH µNotes¶ FROXPQ RQ WKH Student's Record Form of the student involved. (a). An experiment carried out at a later date for a student who was absent for the experiment.. (b). Any penalty imposed due to late submission of practical and project reports to the teacher.. (c). A student who has not finished all the experiments allocated (reasons to be stated).. (d). A student who failed to submit all the practical and project reports (reasons to be stated).. ST A l PM ex T C an he m is try. 1.3.3. STPM 2014. 1.3.4. Practical work and project assessment for the three terms should be completed four weeks before the written examination for third term. 1.3.5. Once the practical and project assessment for every term is completed, the marks for the 13 compulsory experiments and one project is to be calculated and written in the µ2YHUDOO7RWDOPDUN¶FROXPQRQWKH6WXGHQW V5HFRUG Form. The full total mark for this practical work and project assessment is 225.. 1.3.6. The total mark for each student must be submitted to MEC via electronic submission in the specified date.. 1.3.7. The teacher carrying out the practical and project assessment are required to make a declaration that the entries of marks and the overall total mark in the Student's Record are correct by signing in the spaces provided.. 1.4 M oderation 1.4.1. A common assessment standard for marking must be agreed upon if more than one teacher in the same school is involved in assessing the student's practical work and project to ensure that the internal assessment is carried out fairly and effectively.. 1.4.2. All component of assessment are subjected to moderation by the moderator appointed by MEC.. 3. RESTRI CTED.

(6) RESTRI CTED CHEM I STRY PRACTI CAL. STPM 2014. 1.5 Practical Work Assessment Guide 1.5.1 The practical work should be graded based on the assessment criteria below. Skill. Description. M ark Range. The assessment is made through unobtrusive observations of any two experiments for every term which involved the use of different apparatus. Students should not be aware of the assessment.. The student exhibits correct techniques in handling apparatus and materials. The experiment is conducted without guidance.. 6. The student is sufficiently capable of using and handling apparatus with minimum guidance.. 4. The student can carry out simple practical work using common apparatus and materials provided with guidance.. 2. M ax M ark. ST A l PM ex T C an he m is try. A: Ability to use correct techniques and handling of apparatus and materials.. Criterion. B: Observations, measurements and recording. The assessment is based on the practical reports for five experiments (first term and second term) while three experiments (third term); which require students to make, record and report observations or results. Teachers are required to carry out the same experiments for moderation purposes.. 6. For Volumetric Analysis (a) Correct readings (CR) and sufficient readings (SR). Correct readings both the initial and final readings are recorded in the correct spaces and to two decimal places, except for zero. Sufficient readings at least two volume readings within the range of 0.10 cm3. 1. 1. 5. (b) Correct average set (AS) and mean (M). 4. Correct average set correct difference between the final and initial readings.. 1. Correct mean arithmetic mean for titres used/obtained to two decimals places.. 1. RESTRI CTED.

(7) RESTRI CTED CHEM I STRY PRACTI CAL Skill. STPM 2014 Criterion. Description (c) Accuracy (The difference in mean value between the teacher and the student). M ark Range. M ax M ark. 1. If the difference is between 0.00 cm3 and 0.30 cm3. ST A l PM ex T C an he m is try. For Physical Quantity and Technique (a) The table is complete and the data are filled in the correct spaces.. 2. (Minus ONE mark if the table is not complete). (b) All calculations of the data in the table are correct.. 1. (c) Appropriate decimal places. Example:. Temperature readings up to one decimal place. (± 0.1 °C) Weight measurements up to two decimal places (± 0.01 g). 1. Burette readings up to two decimal places (± 0.05 cm3). (d) Accuracy (The difference in mean value between the teacher and the student). 1. If the difference between 0% to 10%. 5. RESTRI CTED.

(8) RESTRI CTED CHEM I STRY PRACTI CAL Skill. STPM 2014 Criterion. Description For Technique (Qualitative Analysis) (a) Filling the ³REVHUYDWLRQ´ column correctly (Minus ONE mark if the table is not complete). The assessment is based on the practical reports for four experiments in first term, four experiments in second term, and three experiments in third term whereby students are required to answer the stipulated questions, interpret data and draw deductions.. For Volumetric Analysis, and Physical Quantities and Technique (Synthesis) (a) Each question, other than graphs which is correctly answered. (Minus ONE mark for the incorrect answer). M ax M ark. 5. ST A l PM ex T C an he m is try. C: Interpretation of experimental observations and data. M ark Range. (b) Experiment which involve graphs.. Axes labelled and correct units (c) Correct shape of the graph. For Technique (Qualitative Analysis) (a) Filling the ³GHGXFWLRQ´FROXPQ correctly. (Minus ONE mark for each incorrect deduction) (b) Deducing the identity of the salt/ion correctly. 6. Max 4. 1. 6. 1. 5. 1. RESTRI CTED.

(9) RESTRI CTED CHEM I STRY PRACTI CAL Skill. Criterion. Description. The assessment is based on the practical report for two experiments whereby the students are required to plan the experiment by themselves. Read the tabulation on page 16.. M ark Range. The practical report for first term should have the following format: (a) Title. 1. (b) Purpose. 1. (c) Materials and apparatus (d) Theory/Introduction. 1. (e) Procedure. 1. (f). 2. M ax M ark. 1. ST A l PM ex T C an he m is try. D: Design and Planning of Investigation. STPM 2014. Results (Including calculations)/ observation. (g) Conclusion. 1. (h) Comments (on the experiments and/or results and/or safety measures/ precautions). 1. 9. The practical report for second term and third term (except project report) should have the following format: (a) Title. (b) Purpose (c) Materials and apparatus. (d) Theory/Introduction (e) Procedure/Tests (f). 7. 4. Observations. (g) Deduction. 4. (h) Conclusion/Identity of substance. 1. RESTRI CTED.

(10) RESTRI CTED CHEM I STRY PRACTI CAL Skill. Criterion. Description. Assessment is conducted throughout the terms in first term and second term by observations. The students are expected to exhibit the scientific ethics and values such as:. M ark Range. (a) Excellent. 5. (b) Good (c) Moderate. 4 3. (d) Fair. 2. (e) Poor. 1. M ax M ark. 5. ST A l PM ex T C an he m is try. E: Scientific ethics and values. STPM 2014. self-reliance, trustworthiness, fairness, curiosity, inquisitiveness, initiative, innovative, receptive to new ideas, cooperative and caring for the environment.. 8. RESTRI CTED.

(11) RESTRI CTED CHEM I STRY PRACTI CAL. STPM 2014. 1.6 Project Assessment Guide The school will be notified of the theme of the project for the current year by MEC. The students are free to propose the title of the project based on the theme given.. 1.6.2. The groups are expected to complete the task at the end of third term of form six where they will define the project focus, analyse and evaluate the information gathered, prepare an oral presentation and submit a written report.. 1.6.3. The students will be assessed on their performances both as members of the group and as individuals.. 1.6.4. The performance of individual students and that of groups is assessed through the following means: written report, overall quality of project report and oral presentation.. 1.6.5. The report on project which has been done on third term should have the following format: (a) Title (b) Abstract (c) Introduction (d) Methodology (e) Observations, result and discussion (f) Conclusion (g) References/Bibliography. 1.6.6. The assessment framework of the project work is shown in the table below.. ST A l PM ex T C an he m is try. 1.6.1. Component. Project report Project file. Oral Presentation. Group. Individual. Total. 66.67 %. ±. 66.67%. ±. 10%. 10%. 13.33%. 10%. 23.33%. Total. 100%. 1.6.7. The project report should be at least 800 words and not more than 1500 words. The project report will be DVVHVVHGDVDJURXS¶VDVVHVVPHQWDQGVKRXOGEHDVVHVVHGEDVHGRQ the assessment criteria.. 1.6.8. The oral presentation will be assessed individually and as a group. On the individual level, each student is given a minimum of 5 minutes per student. For groups of three students, a maximum time limit of 20 minutes is allocated; whereas for groups of two students, the maximum limit is 15 minutes. The group presentation also includes those that do not exceed 5 minutes. Each presentation will have a Q & A session.. 1.6.9. Students need to be aware that the written work they submit must be entirely their own and cite any source that had been referred to. Teachers should try to encourage students to take responsibility for their learning, so that they accept ownership of the work and take pride in it.. 9. RESTRI CTED.

(12) RESTRI CTED CHEM I STRY PRACTI CAL. STPM 2014. 1.6.10 The project report should be assessed based on the assessment criteria below. Skill. Description. M ark Range. M ax M ark. Title. Clearly stated and related to the theme.. 1. 1. Abstract. Clearly stated about the summary of the project.. 1. 1. Introduction includes: Theory and Literature review. Presents some background information. ST A l PM ex T C an he m is try. B: Observations, measurements and recording. Criterion. with reference quoted. 2. without reference quoted but have some information background. 1. weak background of research. 0. 4. Problem statements. Presents relevant problem statements. 0. 1. Objective. Presents relevant objectives of research. 0. 1. 3. 4. Methodology. Data collection procedures and techniques planned and outlined clearly. Presents easy-tofollow steps which are logical, adequately detailed, and repeatable.. Most of the data collection procedures and techniques are understandable but some lack detail or are confusing.. 10. 4. 1. 2. RESTRI CTED.

(13) RESTRI CTED CHEM I STRY PRACTI CAL. STPM 2014 Criterion. Description. C: Interpretation of experimental observations and data. Observation, result and discussion. Observation: Data is well organised in a data table or paragraph well written in complete sentences. Result: All calculations were completed, and a correct graph is drawn. Discussion: Presents a logical and well structured explanation for findings.. M ark Range. 5. M ax M ark. 6. ST A l PM ex T C an he m is try. Skill. 11. Observation: Data is organised in a data table or paragraph written in complete sentences. Result: All calculations were completed, but not correctly or a graph is drawn, but it is not the correct. Discussion: Presents a logical explanation for findings.. 3. 4. Observation: Data is not organised in a data table or paragraph not written in complete sentences. Result: All calculations were not completed and a graph was not complete. Discussion: Presents an illogical explanation for findings.. 1. 2. 6. RESTRI CTED.

(14) RESTRI CTED CHEM I STRY PRACTI CAL Skill. Description. M ark Range. M ax M ark. Suggests specific changes that would improve the investigation. Recommends relevant action or research in the future findings.. 1. 1. References/ Bibliography. Correct writing of references and cited appropriately.. 1. 1. Presentation of the project report. Presentation of the project is excellent (well structured, clear, concise and precise).. Criterion Conclusion. ST A l PM ex T C an he m is try. D: Design and Planning of Investigation. STPM 2014. Project file evidence. 12. 2. 2. Presentation of the projects is adequate.. 1. Evidences including log book are neat, accurate and clearly related to the project work and keep in a portfolio. 3. Evidences including log book are neat and accurate related to the project work and keep in a portfolio. 2. Not all important evidences including log book are neither neat nor accurate related to the project work and keep in a portfolio. 1. 3. RESTRI CTED.

(15) RESTRI CTED CHEM I STRY PRACTI CAL. STPM 2014. The oral presentation should be assessed based on the assessment criteria below. Skill. Criterion. F: Oral Presentation ICT (Group assessment). Description Students have positive and appropriate experiences in a wide range of ICT applications.. M ax M ark. 2 2. 1. ST A l PM ex T C an he m is try. Students experience a limited range of ICT applications.. M ark Range. Presentation (Group assessment). Holds attention of entire audience with the use of direct eye contact, seldom looking at notes. Speaker used techniques such as visual aids and props, anecdote, humour, surprising facts, direct audience participation.. 2. The composition of the presentation elements exhibits creativity in effective delivery of the message.. 2. Some eye contact was made, as entire report is read from notes.. Technique used to engage audience were minimal, or mainly ineffective. The composition of the presentation elements exhibits limited creativity.. 13. 1. RESTRI CTED.

(16) RESTRI CTED CHEM I STRY PRACTI CAL Skill. STPM 2014 Criterion Communications (Individual assessment). Description. M ark Range. M ax M ark. Presenter spoke clearly and at a good pace to ensure audience comprehension. Delivery was fluent and expressive.. ST A l PM ex T C an he m is try. Question answered with little difficulty. Very good knowledge of the project was demonstrated.. 3. The presentation content was grammatically correct. Pronunciation and intonation is correct and confident.. 3. Presenter usually spoke clearly to ensure audience comprehension. Delivery was usually fluent.. Most questions answered. Answers showed good knowledge and understanding of the project.. 2. The presentation content was usually grammatically correct. Pronunciation and intonation is usually correct.. 14. RESTRI CTED.

(17) RESTRI CTED CHEM I STRY PRACTI CAL Skill. STPM 2014 Criterion. Description. M ark Range. M ax M ark. Presenter occasionally spoke clearly and at a good pace.. ST A l PM ex T C an he m is try. Not all questions could be answered. Questions answered with difficulty, and little knowledge of the project was demonstrated.. 1. The presentation content was occasionally grammatically correct.. Pronunciation occasionally correct, but often hesitant and inaccurate.. 15. RESTRI CTED.

(18) 7($&+(5¶60$18$/. STPM CHEM I STRY. 1.7 Summary of the Allocation of M ark for Experiments and Project. First term 1 2 3 4 5 Second term 6 7 8 9 10 Third term 11 12 13 Project Total mark. Skill A. Skill B. Skill C. Skill D. Skill E. A TP le x M T C an he m is try. Experiment. 5 marks. Any 2 experiment ! 6 marks. 9 marks. 5 marks. 6 marks. 5 marks. 6 marks. 5 marks. 6 marks. 5 marks. 6 marks. 5 marks. 6 marks. 5 marks. Any 2 experiment ! 6 marks. 5 marks. 36 marks. 5 marks for overall assessment per term. 6 marks. 5 marks for overall assessment per term. 6 marks. 5 marks. Any 2 experiment ! 6 marks. Skill F. 9 marks. 5 marks. 6 marks. 5 marks. 6 marks. 5 marks. 6 marks. 5 marks. 6 marks. 10 marks. 6 marks. 7 marks. 75 marks. 66 marks. 31 marks. Overall total mark. 225 marks. 16. 10 marks. 7 marks 7 marks.

(19) STPM CHEM I STRY. 1.8 Table of Summary of Experiments and Project. Experiment. Topic. Subtopic. Purpose. M ode of working. Report to be completed. First Term 1. Volumetric analysis. To determine the exact concentration of a monobasic acid, HX. Individually. In the laboratory. Acid base and redox. To determine the mass of sodium ethanedioate used to prepare a solution containing sodium ethanedioate and hydrated ethanedioic acid. Individually. In the laboratory. Purity and stoichiometry. To determine the purity of a sample of sodium sulphite. Individually. In the laboratory. Reaction kinetics. To determine the effect of temperature on the reaction rate. Individually. In the laboratory. Equilibrium and solubility. To determine the solubility product, Ksp, of MX2 and enthalpy change of solution, ǻH sol. Individually. In the laboratory. Thermochemistry. To determine the heat of reaction. Individually. In the laboratory. ElectrochemistryFaraday's Laws. To determine the percentage purity of copper metal by electrolysis. Individually. In the laboratory. ST A l PM ex T C an he m is try. 2. Stoichiometry. 3. 4. Physical Quantity. 5. Second Term 6 7. Physical Quantity. 17.

(20) RESTRI CTED CHEM I STRY PRACTI CAL. Experiment. Topic. 8. Technique. STPM 2014. Subtopic. Purpose. M ode of working. Report to be completed. To determine the cations and anions of inorganic substances. Individually. In the laboratory. 9. Qualitative analysis. To determine the cations and anions in inorganic salts. Individually. In the laboratory. 10. TechniqueSynthesis. To determine the percentage of aluminium in a sample X by means of the preparation of a complex compound of aluminium with 8-hydroxyquinoline. Individually/ Group. In the laboratory. Qualitative analysis. To study the reactions of alcohols and carbonyl compounds. Individually. In the laboratory. 12. Qualitative analysis. To study the reactions of Individually organic nitrogen compounds (amides, amines and their salts, amino acids and proteins). In the laboratory. 13. TechniqueSynthesis. To prepare a sample of 2-(4-hydroxyphenylazo) benzoic acid. Group. At home. To enable students to acquire knowledge and skills in chemistry using ICT as well as to develop soft-skills. Group. At the end of third term. ST A l PM ex T C an he m is try. Qualitative analysis. Third Term 11. Project. Technique. Volumetric analysis/ Physical quantity/ Technique. 18. RESTRI CTED.

(21) RESTRI CTED CHEM I STRY PRACTI CAL. STPM 2014. 1.9 Preparation of Solutions For a 0.05 mol dm-3 solution of sodium ethanedioate, Na2C2O4, with a relative formula mass of 134.0, its concentration in g dm-3 can be prepared using the following equation. Concentration in g dm. 3. = = =. molarity relative formula mass 0.05 134 6.7. Standard solutions of sulphuric acid, glacial ethanoic acid, and ammonia are prepared as follows:. ST A l PM ex T C an he m is try. Step 1. mass and the specifications given in the table below, volume the volumes of reagents required for dilution can be calculated. By using the formula: Density =. Acid. Relative Molecular Mass. Density or Specific Gravity. Purity. HCl. 36.5. 1.18. 36%. H2SO4. 98.0. 1.84. 98%. HNO3. 63.0. 1.42. 70%. H2O2 NH3. 34.0 17.0. 1.13. 35% 25%. CH3COOH. 60.0. 0.88. 0.91. 1.05. 99.5%. Example: To prepare 1 dm3 of 0.1 mol dm 3 solution of HCl, the volume of concentrated acid 3.65 100 required = = 8.59 cm3. 1.18 36 0.10 mol dm 3. Volume required/cm3. HCl. 3.65. 8.6. H2SO4. 9.80. 5.4. HNO3. 6.30. 6.3. H2O2. 3.40. 8.6. NH3. 1.70. 7.7. CH3COOH. 6.00. 5.7. Acid. 19. RESTRI CTED.

(22) RESTRI CTED CHEM I STRY PRACTI CAL. STPM 2014. Step 2 For more accurate work, these solutions need to be standardised using a standard solution of sodium carbonate, Na2CO3. A standard solution of sodium carbonate can be prepared in the following way: A little anhydrous sodium carbonate is dried in an evaporating dish to eliminate all traces of moisture. The substance is then cooled in a desiccator. The amount required (5.3 g dm 3 for a 0.05 mol dm 3 solution) is then weighed, dissolved and made into a solution in a standard flask. Acid solutions are then standardised using this solution. Other concentrations of acid solutions can be prepared by diluting certain volumes of the acids and standardising them with the standard solution of sodium carbonate. Standard solution of sodium thiosulphate. ST A l PM ex T C an he m is try. 1.9.1. Standard solutions of sodium thiosulphate, Na2S2O3.5H2O, (relative molecular mass 248.0) cannot be prepared directly because of its salt's nature of absorbing water. For accurate work, a solution which is prepared directly will not give good results, e.g. problems which involve the determination of relative molecular mass or relative atomic mass. Prepared solutions of thiosulphate are normally standardised with potassium iodate, which will react with iodide in acid solution to liberate iodine. Potassium iodate is used because this compound is available in a pure state.. 1.9.2. Standard solution of Fe2+ ions. To prepare this solution, use FeSO4.(NH4)2SO4.6H2O (relative molecular mass 392.0), not FeSO4.7H2O. Iron(II) sulphate is easily oxidised by air. In the preparation of this solution, the double salt FeSO4.(NH4)2SO4.6H2O needs to be dissolved in dilute sulphuric acid and made up to the required volume with distilled or deionised water.. 1.9.3. I odine solution. Dissolve 20.0 g of iodate-free potassium iodide in 30 ± 40 cm3 distilled water. Weigh about 12.7 g iodine and transfer it to the 1 dm3 volumetric flask containing concentrated potassium iodide solution. Shake the mixture until all the iodine has dissolved. Make up the solution to the mark with distilled water.. 1.9.4. Hydrogen peroxide solution. The strength of a solution of hydrogen peroxide is usually mentioned in µvolumes¶, e.g: µ20 - volume¶ hydrogen peroxide, µ100 - volume¶ hydrogen peroxide, etc. For a 20 - volume solution, 1 cm3 of hydrogen peroxide will decompose to yield 20 cm3 of oxygen at s.t.p. 2H2O2. 2H2O + O2. 68 g of hydrogen peroxide liberates 22.4 litres of oxygen at s.t.p. 1 g of hydrogen peroxide liberates. 22.4 litres of oxygen at s.t.p. 68. 1 litre of 20-volume hydrogen peroxide liberates 20 litres of oxygen at s.t.p. 1 litre of 20-volume hydrogen peroxide contains. 20. 20 6 = 60.8 g. 22 .4. RESTRI CTED.

(23) RESTRI CTED CHEM I STRY PRACTI CAL. STPM 2014. Therefore, to prepare a 0.1 mol dm-3 solution of H2O2, about 5.6 cm3 of 20 - volume hydrogen peroxide must be diluted to make 1 litre. Other concentrations can be prepared by diluting suitable volumes of 20 - volume H2O2. Hydrogen peroxide solutions cannot be kept for long periods of time because of their strong tendency to decompose. Hence, hydrogen peroxide solutions for volumetric work must be standardised with a standard solution of potassium manganate(VII) before use. 1.9.5. I odine - potassium iodide solution (I odoform Test) Iodine dissolves sparingly in water. Its solution is prepared by adding 20.0 g potassium iodide and 10.0 g iodine in 80 cm3 distilled water. The mixture is stirred to form a deep brown solution. )HKOLQJV¶VROXWLRQ. ST A l PM ex T C an he m is try. 1.9.6. Fehling's solution can be prepared as follows: (a). )HKOLQJV¶6ROXWLRQ$ Dissolve 17.32 g copper(II) sulphate pentahydrate in 200 cm3 of distilled water and dilute the solution to 250 cm3.. (b). )HKOLQJV¶6ROXWLRQ% Dissolve 86.5 g of sodium potassium tartarate and 35 g sodium hydroxide in 100 cm3 of distilled water and dilute the solution to 250 cm3.. To prepare the Fehlings¶solution, mix 2.5 cm3 )HKOLQJV¶6ROXWLRQ$DQGFP3 )HKOLQJV¶6ROXWLRQ% immediately before use.. 1.9.7. Tollen's reagent. Add a drop of 2.5 mol dm±3 of sodium hydroxide solution to a 2 cm3 of 0.3 mol dm±3 of aqueous silver nitrate in a test tube. Add 3.0 mol dm±3 of ammonia drop by drop until all the precipitate (silver oxide) dissolves.. 1.9.8. 2,4-DinitrophenylhyGUD]LQHUHDJHQW %UDG\¶VUHagent). Dissolving 3 g of 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine in 15 cm3 concentrated sulphuric acid. This solution is added with stirring to 20 cm3 of distilled water and 70 cm3 of 95% ethanol and filtered.. 1.9.9. I ndicator solutions (a). Methyl orange Dissolve 1 g of the solid in 1 dm3 of water.. (b). Screened methyl orange Dissolve 1 g of methyl orange and 1.5 g of p-xylene cyanol in 500 cm3 of alcohol and dilute the solution to 1 dm3 with water.. (c). Phenolphthalein Dissolve 1 g of the solid in 500 cm3 of alcohol and dilute the solution to 1 dm3 with water.. (d). Starch indicator (usually 1%) Make a paste of 1 g of starch with cold water, then pour boiling water and make up to 100 cm3.. 21. RESTRI CTED.

(24) RESTRI CTED CHEM I STRY PRACTI CAL. STPM 2014. 1.10 Guidelines for Experiments Experiment 1 Notes for Teachers This experiment is to be conducted after the teacher has taught: (a). Preparation of standard solutions. (b). Skills involving acid-base titration. M aterials. ST A l PM ex T C an he m is try. A suitable monobasic acid is hydrochloric or ethanoic acid, about 150 cm3 per student.. A suitable base is sodium hydroxide or sodium carbonate with suitable mass as required by the student. A suitable indicator is phenolphthalein or methyl orange. Distilled water, about 250 cm3 per student.. Apparatus per student. 250 cm3 volumetric flask and stopper. Electric balance 0.01 g or equivalent (common use) One 25 cm3 pipette and pipette filler. One 100 cm3 volumetric flask and stopper Two 50 cm3 burettes. One retort stand and clamp One white tile. One wash bottle filled with distilled water Spatula. Three titration flasks. Other suitable fittings and apparatus. Skills A, B, D, and E. Examples of skills A that can be seen are as follows: (a). Reasonable quantities of substance used. (b). Method of weighing to obtain an exact weight of substances. (c). Technique of setting up, rinsing and filling up of the burette. (d). Technique of rinsing, filling up and transferring the solution from the pipette into the titration flask. (e). Addition of indicator at the appropriate time. (f). Method of holding and shaking the titration flask during the titration process. (g). Method of washing off the solution from the sides of the titration flask with distilled water before reaching the end-point 22. RESTRI CTED.

(25) RESTRI CTED CHEM I STRY PRACTI CAL. STPM 2014. Experiment 2 Notes for Teachers. M aterials KA 1 is a solution containing 3.00 g of sodium ethanedioate, Na2C2O4, and 4.00 g hydrated ethanedioic acid, H2C2O4.2H2O, per dm3, about 250 cm3 per student. KA 2 is a solution containing 3.50 g potassium manganate(VII), KMnO4, per dm3, about 120 cm3 per student.. ST A l PM ex T C an he m is try. KA 3 is a solution containing 4.00 g sodium hydroxide per dm3, about 120 cm3 per student. KA 4 is 1.00 mol dm-3 sulphuric acid, about 120 cm3 per student. Phenolphthalein as an indicator.. Apparatus per student. Two 25 cm3 pipettes and pipette fillers Two 50 cm3 burettes Six titration flasks. Two retort stands and clamps. One 50 cm3 measuring cylinder Two white tiles. One wash bottle filled with distilled water. One thermometer 0 C ± 100 C (± 1.0 C). Skills A, B, C and E. Examples of skills A that can be seen are as follows: (a). Technique of setting up, rinsing and filling up of the burette. (b). Technique of rinsing, filling up and transferring the solution from the pipette into the titration flask. (c). Addition of indicator at the appropriate time. (d). Method of holding and shaking the titration flask during the titration process. (e). Method of washing off the solution from the sides of the titration flask with distilled water before reaching the end-point. (f). Technique of using measuring cylinder to measure volume of solution. (g). Technique of heating the solution before titration. 23. RESTRI CTED.

(26) RESTRI CTED CHEM I STRY PRACTI CAL. STPM 2014. Experiment 3 Notes for Teachers. M aterials KA 1 is a 0.025 mol dm 3 iodine solution prepared by dissolving 6.35 g of iodine in 10% solution of potassium iodide per dm3, about 250 cm3 per student. KA 2 is a solution containing 12.41 g of sodium thiosulphate per dm3, about 200 cm3 per student.. ST A l PM ex T C an he m is try. KA 3 is a solution containing 3.15 g of anhydrous sodium sulphite, Na2SO3, per dm3, about 150 cm3 per student. KA 4 is 2 g sodium hydrogencarbonate, about 8 g per student. Starch as an indicator.. Apparatus per student. One 25 cm3 pipette and pipette filler One 50 cm3 pipette. Three titration flasks One 50 cm3 burette. One retort stand and clamp One white tile. One wash bottle filled with distilled water. Skills A, B, C, and E. Examples of skills A that can be seen are as follows: (a). Technique of setting up, rinsing and filling up of the burette. (b). Technique of rinsing, filling up and transferring the solution from the pipette into the titration flask. (c). Addition of indicator at the appropriate time. (d). Method of holding and shaking the titration flask during the titration process. (e). Method of washing off the solution from the sides of the titration flask with distilled water before reaching the end-point. 24. RESTRI CTED.

(27) RESTRI CTED CHEM I STRY PRACTI CAL. STPM 2014. Experiment 4 Notes for Teachers. M aterials KA 1 is a solution containing 24.90 g of potassium iodide per dm3, about 150 cm3 per student. KA 2 is a 0.5% starch solution, about 50 cm3 per student.. ST A l PM ex T C an he m is try. KA 3 is a solution containing 12.41 g of sodium thiosulphate per dm3, about 50 cm3 per student. KA 4 is a solution containing 8.60 cm3 of hydrogen peroxide (35%) per dm3, about 300 cm3 per student. KA 5 is a solution containing 54.0 cm3 of concentrated sulphuric acid per dm3, about 150 cm3 per student. Ice and hot water are used as water bath and also to obtain different temperatures. Distilled water, about 150 cm3 per student.. Apparatus per student. One 25 cm3 pipette and pipette filler One 10 cm3 measuring cylinder One 50 cm3 measuring cylinder One 50 cm3 burette. One retort stand and clamp One conical flask One stopwatch. One 150 cm3 beaker. One thermometer 0 C ± 100 C ( 1.0 C) One wash bottle filled with distilled water One white tile. Skills A, B, C, and E. Examples of skills A that can be seen are as follows: (a). Technique of obtaining and maintaining the required temperatures. (b). Accuracy in noting the time when the blue colour appears. Examples of skills B and C that can be seen are as follows: (a). Recording time and temperature in the correct spaces. (b). Plotting of graph from the information obtained. (c). Interpretation of the graph plotted 25. RESTRI CTED.

(28) RESTRI CTED CHEM I STRY PRACTI CAL. STPM 2014. Experiment 5 Notes for Teachers. M aterials KA 1 is solution containing 33.10 g of lead(II) nitrate per dm3, about 150 cm3 per student. KA 2 is solution containing 29.25 g of sodium chloride per dm3, about 100 cm3 per student.. ST A l PM ex T C an he m is try. Apparatus per student Two burettes. Five boiling tubes. One thermometer 0 ºC ± 100 ºC (± 1.0 ºC) Two 250 cm3 beakers. Two retort stands and clamps One test-tube holder One water bath. Skills A, B, C and E. Examples of skills B and C that can be seen are as follows: (a). Recording of volume and temperature in the correct spaces. (b). Plotting of graph from the information obtained. (c). Interpretation of the graph obtained. 26. RESTRI CTED.

(29) RESTRI CTED CHEM I STRY PRACTI CAL. STPM 2014. Experiment 6 Notes for Teachers ± M aterials KA 1 is a solution containing 172 cm3 of concentrated hydrochloric acid per dm3, about 100 cm3 per student. KA 2 is 2.00 g to 2.40 g of solid anhydrous sodium carbonate in a stoppered test-tube; one test-tube of KA 2 per student.. ST A l PM ex T C an he m is try. KA 3 is 2.70 g to 3.10 g of sodium hydrogencarbonate in a stoppered test-tube; one testtube of KA 3 per student.. Apparatus per student. One 50 cm3 burette. One retort stand and clamp. One plastic/polystyrene cup. One thermometer 0 C ± 110 C ( 0.2 C) One wash bottle filled with distilled water Electric balance 0.01 g (common use). Skills A, B, C, and E. Examples of skills B that can be seen are as follows: (a). Measurement of the initial temperature is only carried out when the temperature is stable. (b). Correct method of weighing to obtain an exact weight of KA 2. (c). Weights to be recorded to the nearest 0.01 g in the correct spaces. (d). Temperatures to be recorded to the nearest 0.2 C in the correct spaces. 27. RESTRI CTED.

(30) RESTRI CTED CHEM I STRY PRACTI CAL. STPM 2014. Experiment 7 Notes for Teachers. M aterials Solution containing 250 g of CuSO4.5H2O per dm3, about 300 cm3 per student. Propanone, about 100 cm3 per student. Distilled water, about 200 cm3 per student.. ST A l PM ex T C an he m is try. Apparatus per student. One 100 cm3 measuring cylinder One 250 cm3 beaker. Two pieces of copper plates measuring 5 cm. 4 cm. 0.2 cm. Five connecting wires with crocodile clips One ammeter, 0 A. 3A. One rheostat, 11 One switch. Four dry cells or source of direct current 6 V One stopwatch. Hair dryer (common use) Electric balance. 0.01 g (common use). One wash bottle filled with distilled water Other suitable fittings and apparatus. Skills A, B, D and E. Examples of skill D that can be seen are as follows: (a). Neat and proper planning in following common procedures. (b). Selecting, setting up of apparatus, and using of materials correctly and completely. (c). Obtaining and recording of the masses of both the copper plates at the anode and the cathode before and after the electrolysis process. (d). Time planning to be compatible with the experiment. 28. RESTRI CTED.

(31) RESTRI CTED CHEM I STRY PRACTI CAL. STPM 2014. Experiment 8 Notes for Teachers (a). The teacher has to supply different salts to each of the classes taught.. (b). The teacher has to supply a different salt each year to the students.. M aterials KA 1, solid MgS2O3 or MgSO3 or CuSO3 or Pb(CH3COO)2 or Ca(CH3COO)2 KA 2, a mixture of solids Al2(SO4)3 and (NH4)2SO4 or a mixture of solids Zn(NO3)2 and NH4NO3. ST A l PM ex T C an he m is try. Common acids (concentrated and dilute). Common alkalis (concentrated and dilute). Aqueous solution of iron(III) chloride, approximately 50 g dm. 3. Dissolve 135 g of solid iron(III) chloride in distilled water containing 20 cm3 of concentrated hydrochloric acid and make up the volume of solution to 1 dm3. Aqueous solution of ammonium chloride, approximately 50 g dm Aqueous solution of silver nitrate, approximately 50 g dm. 3. 3. Aqueous solution of disodium hydrogen phosphate, approximately 50 g dm Aqueous solution of potassium chromate(VI), approximately 50 g dm Aqueous solution of potassium iodide, approximately 50 g dm. 3. 3. 3. Aqueous solution of sodium ethanoate, approximately 50 g dm. 3. Aqueous solution of sodium carbonate, approximately 50 g dm. 3. Apparatus per student. One test-tube rack with six test tubes. One hard glass test-tube with delivery tube One test-tube holder One spatula. One filter funnel and two pieces of filter paper One teat pipette. One Bunsen burner. Red and blue litmus papers Wooden splint. One wash bottle filled with distilled water. Skills A, B, C, and E. Examples of skills B and C that can be seen are as follows: (a). Correct observations for each of the tests done. (b). Correct deductions which are consistent with correct observations 29. RESTRI CTED.

(32) RESTRI CTED CHEM I STRY PRACTI CAL. STPM 2014. Experiment 9 Notes for Teachers (a). The teacher has to supply different salts and other suitable reagents to each of the classes taught.. (b). The teacher has to supply different salts and other suitable reagents each year to the students.. M aterials KA 1, a mixture of solids KI and KNO3 or a mixture of solids KBr and KNO3. ST A l PM ex T C an he m is try. Common acids (concentrated and dilute). Common alkalis (concentrated and dilute) 'HYDUGD¶VDOOR\. Aqueous solution of silver nitrate, approximately 50 g dm. 3. Aqueous solution of iron(II) sulphate, approximately 50 g dm. 3. Aqueous solution of lead(II) ethanoate , approximately 50 g dm. 3. Aqueous solution of ammonium chloride, approximately 50 g dm. 3. 1,1,1-trichloroethane (test for halogens) Other suitable reagents. Apparatus per student. One test-tube rack and six test-tubes. One hard glass test-tube and delivery tube One test-tube holder One spatula. One filter funnel and two pieces of filter paper One teat pipette. One Bunsen burner. Red and blue litmus papers Wooden splint. One wash bottle filled with distilled water. Skills A, B, D, and E. Examples of skill B that can be seen are as follows: Tests on KA (a). Correct observations for each of the tests done. (b). Correct deductions which are consistent with correct observations. 30. RESTRI CTED.

(33) RESTRI CTED CHEM I STRY PRACTI CAL. STPM 2014. Experiment 10 Notes for Teachers (a). The students are required to submit the product of the experiment together with their reports.. M aterials KA 1 is a solution of 8-hydroxyquinoline prepared by dissolving 2.00 g of 8-hydroxyquinoline in 100 cm3 of 2 mol dm 3 ethanoic acid, about 50 cm3 per student.. ST A l PM ex T C an he m is try. KA 2 is a solution containing 154.00 g of CH3COONH4 per dm3, about 100 cm3 per student. KA 3 is a potassium alum, KAl(SO4)2 .12H2O, about 0.25 g to 0.30 g per student.. KA 4 is a solution containing 170 cm3 of concentrated hydrochloric acid per dm3, about 10 cm3 per student. Distilled water, about 200 cm3 per student. Ice cubes which are used as water bath.. Apparatus per student. Electric balance 0.01 g (common use) One 250 cm3 beaker One Bunsen burner. One tripod stand and wire gauze. One thermometer 0 C to 100 C One crucible and lid. One filter funnel and filter paper One teat pipette. One 250 cm3 conical flask. One wash bottle filled with distilled water Oven (common use). Magnetic stirrer, one per four students One 50 cm3 measuring cylinder. Skills A, B, C, and E. Examples of skill A that can be seen are as follows: (a). Correct technique of weighing. (b). Ensuring that all product are removed from the filter paper. (c). Ensuring that the temperature of the oven is 120 C. 31. RESTRI CTED.

(34) RESTRI CTED CHEM I STRY PRACTI CAL. STPM 2014. Experiment 11 Notes for Teachers (a). The iodine potassium solution, Tollen's reagent and Brady's reagent should be freshly prepared before the experiment begins. Fehlings' solution A and Fehlings' solution B should be mix immediately before use with the unknown.. M aterials KA 1, absolute ethanol, about 10 cm3 per student KA 2, propanal or acetone, about 10 cm3 per student. ST A l PM ex T C an he m is try. Concentrated and 1 mol dm 3 sulphuric acid Glacial ethanoic acid. 1 mol dm-3 sodium hydroxide solution. Acidified of potassium manganate(VII) solution, approximately 3 g dm. 3. Iodine-potassium iodide solution (Iodoform Test) FHKOLQJV¶VROXWLRQ 7ROOHQV¶UHDJHQW. 2,4 'LQLWURSKHQ\OK\GUD]LQHVROXWLRQ %UDG\¶VUHDJHQW

(35). Apparatus per student. One test-tube rack and six test-tubes One test tube holder One Bunsen burner. One 250 cm3 beaker. One wash bottle filled with distilled water One teat pipette /dropper. Skills A, B, C and E. Examples of skills B and C that can be seen are as follows: (a). Correct observations for each of the tests done. (b). Correct observations for each of the tests done. (c). Correct deductions which are consistent with the observations. 32. RESTRI CTED.

(36) RESTRI CTED CHEM I STRY PRACTI CAL. STPM 2014. Experiment 12 Notes for Teachers (a). KA 2 is smelly, with an unpleasant odour and should be administered in a fume chamber.. M aterials KA 1, 2.0 g ethanamide KA 2, 5 cm3 of 1-butanamine Common acids (concentrated and dilute). ST A l PM ex T C an he m is try. Common alkalis (concentrated and dilute) Bromine water. Dissolve bromine liquid in water to make a saturated solution Sodium nitrite. 5% Sodium hydrogencarbonate solution Propanone Ice cubes. Universal indicator. Apparatus per student. One test-tube rack and six test-tubes. One hard glass test tube and delivery tube One test-tube holder One spatula. One teat pipette. One Bunsen burner. Blue and red litmus paper Wooden splinter. One wash bottle filled with distilled water One 250 cm3 beaker. Skills A, B, C and E. Examples of skill A that can be seen are as follows: (a). Reagents to be added slowly so that all the stages of observation can be recorded. Examples of skills B and C that can be seen are as follows: (a). Correct observations for each of the tests done. (b). Correct deductions which are consistent with the observations. 33. RESTRI CTED.

(37) RESTRI CTED CHEM I STRY PRACTI CAL. STPM 2014. Experiment 13 Notes for Teachers (a). The students are required to submit the product of the experiment together with their reports.. (b). Since phenol is a highly hygroscopic substance (absorbing water from the air), the stock alkaline solution of phenol must be prepared immediately after the bottle containing phenol is open and the solution is kept in the big amber glass bottles.. (c). Common salt may be added to the ice to lower the temperature of ice water bath to 5 °C.. ST A l PM ex T C an he m is try. M aterials KA 1 is solid 2-aminobenzoic acid, about 3.4 g per group.. KA 2 is a solution containing 140.0 cm3 of concentrated hydrochloric acid (37 wt.%) per dm3, about 65 cm3 per group. KA 3 is solid sodium nitrite, about 1.9 g per group.. KA 4 is solution prepared by dissolving 54 g of sodium hydroxide in about 900 cm3 of distilled water followed by dissolving 28.24 g of phenol, then water is added to a 1 dm3 mark; about 85 cm3 per group. If phenol in a liquid form, it is estimated that there is 8 g phenol in 100 cm3 in the liquid solution. To prepare the KA4 solution, we need to dissolve 54 g of sodium hydroxide in about 900 cm3 of distilled water followed by dissolving 353 cm3 of phenol, then water is added to a 1 dm3 mark; about 85 cm3 per group. KA 5 is a solution containing 330.0 cm3 of concentrated hydrochloric acid (37 wt.%) per dm3, about 35 cm3 per group. Distilled water, about 250 cm3 per group. Acetone, about 70 cm3 per group. Sodium chloride (common salt). Ice cubes which are used as water bath.. Apparatus per group. Electric balance ± 0.01 g (common use) One 125 cm3 conical flask. Two 100 cm3 graduated cylinders One 100 cm3 beaker One PVC basin. One teat pipette. One teat pipette rubber bulb. One thermometer 0 to 100 C. One glass, spoon-paddle ends spatula, about 30 cm long One wash bottle filled with distilled water. One Buchner filter funnel, its conical flask and filter paper A watch glass/evaporating dish 34. RESTRI CTED.

(38) RESTRI CTED CHEM I STRY PRACTI CAL. STPM 2014. Skills A, B, C and E Examples of skill A that can be observed are as follows: Correct method employed in weighing. (b). Correct method employed in handling the Buchner filtration apparatus. (c). Correct technique employed in carrying out the crystallization and drying of crystals. ST A l PM ex T C an he m is try. (a). 35. RESTRI CTED.

(39) RESTRI CTED CHEM I STRY PRACTI CAL. STPM 2014. 1.11 List of Apparatus and M aterials 1.11.1 List of Apparatus and M aterials by Experiments Apparatus/M aterials 250 cm3 volumetric flask and stopper Electric balance 0.01 g 25 cm3 pipette and pipette filler 100 cm3 flask and stopper 50 cm3 burette Retort stand and clamp White tile Wash bottle filled with distilled water Titration flask 150 cm3 hydrochloric or ethanoic acid Sodium hydroxide or sodium carbonate Phenolphthalein or methyl orange 250 cm3 distilled water 25 cm3 pipette and pipette filler 50 cm3 burette Titration flask Retort stand and clamp 50 cm3 measuring cylinder White tile Wash bottle filled with distilled water Thermometer 0 C ± 100 C ( 1.0 C) Sodium ethanedioate Hydrated ethanedioic acid Potassium manganate(VII) Sodium hydroxide Sulphuric acid Phenolphthalein 25 cm3 pipette and pipette filler 50 cm3 pipette Titration flask 50 cm3 burette Retort stand and clamp White tile Wash bottle filled with distilled water Iodine solution Potassium iodide Sodium thiosulphate Anhydrous sodium sulphite Sodium hydrogencarbonate Starch. Quantity used common use 1 1 2 1 1 1 3. ST A l PM ex T C an he m is try. Experiment no. (M ode of working). 1 (Individual). 2 (Individual). 3 (Individual). 36. 2 2 6 2 1 2 1 1. 1 1 3 1 1 1 1. RESTRI CTED.

(40) RESTRI CTED CHEM I STRY PRACTI CAL Experiment no. (M ode of working). Apparatus/M aterials 150 cm3 beaker Wash bottle filled with distilled water 50 cm3 burette Stopwatch White tile 250 cm3 conical flask Retort stand and clamp 25 cm3 pipette and pipette filler 10 cm3 measuring cylinder 50 cm3 measuring cylinder Thermometer 0 C 100 C ( 1.0 C) Distilled water, hot water, and ice Sulphuric acid Hydrogen peroxide Potassium iodide Sodium thiosulphate Starch 50 cm3 burette Boiling tube Thermometer 0 C ± 100 C ( 1.0 C) Water bath 250 cm3 beaker Retort stand and clamp Test-tube holder Lead(II) nitrate Sodium chloride 50 cm3 burette Wash bottle filled with distilled water Plastic/polystyrene cup Electric balance ( 0.01 g) Retort stand and clamp Thermometer 0 C 110 C ( 0.2 C) Hydrochloric acid Sodium hydrogen carbonate Anhydrous sodium carbonate. Quantity used 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1. ST A l PM ex T C an he m is try. 4 (Individual). STPM 2014. 5 (Individual). 6 (Individual). 37. 2 5 1 1 2 2 1. 1 1 1 Common use 1 1. RESTRI CTED.

(41) RESTRI CTED CHEM I STRY PRACTI CAL Experiment no. (M ode of working). Apparatus/M aterials Ammeter 0 A 3 A ( 0.1 A) 250 cm3 beaker Wash bottle filled with distilled water Stopwatch Copper plate measuring 5 cm 4 cm 0.2 cm Hair dryer Electric balance ( 0.01 g) 11 rheostat Dry cell (source of direct current 6 V) Connecting wire with crocodile clips 100 cm3 measuring cylinder Switch Distilled water Copper(II) sulphate pentahydrate Propanone Test-tube rack with six test tubes Hard glass test-tube with delivery tube Test-tube holder Spatula Filter funnel and two pieces of filter paper Teat pipette Bunsen burner Red and blue litmus papers Wooden splint Wash bottle filled with distilled water Magnesium thiosulphate(VI) or magnesium sulphite or copper sulphite or calcium ethanoate or lead(II) ethanoate Aluminium sulphate or ammonium sulphate or zinc nitrate or ammonium nitrate Nitric acid Ammonia Hydrochloric acid Sodium hydroxide Iron(III) chloride Ammonium chloride Silver nitrate Disodium hydrogen phosphate Potassium chromate(VI) Potassium iodide Sodium carbonate Sodium ethanoate. Quantity used 1 1 1 1 2 Common use Common use 1 4 5 1 1. ST A l PM ex T C an he m is try. 7 (Individual). STPM 2014. 8 (Individual). 38. 1 1 1 1 1 1 1. 1. RESTRI CTED.

(42) RESTRI CTED CHEM I STRY PRACTI CAL Apparatus/M aterials Test-tube rack and six test-tubes Hard glass test-tube and delivery tube Test-tube holder Spatula Filter funnel and two pieces of filter paper Teat pipette Bunsen burner Red and blue litmus papers Wooden splint Wash bottle filled with distilled water Hydrochloric acid Nitric acid Ammonia Sodium hydroxide 'HYDUGD¶VDOOR\ Silver nitrate Iron(II) sulphate Lead(II) ethanoate Ammonium chloride 1,1,1-trichloroethane Other reagents for testing iodine and nitrate ions Potassium iodide Potassium nitrate Copper(II) carbonate or magnesium carbonate or calcium carbonate or manganese carbonate or nickel(II) carbonate or barium chloride or magnesium chloride or calcium chloride 250 cm3 beaker Wash bottle filled with distilled water 250 cm3 conical flask Oven Electric balance ( 0.01 g) Magnetic stirrer Teat pipette Bunsen burner Refrigerator Filter funnel and filter paper Crucible with lid Tripod and wire gauze 50 cm3 measuring cylinder. Quantity used 1 1 1 1 1 1 1. ST A l PM ex T C an he m is try. Experiment no. (M ode of working). STPM 2014. 9 (Individual). 10 (Individual/ Group). 39. 1. 1 1 1 Common use Common use 1 per 4 persons 1 1 Common use 1 1 1 1. RESTRI CTED.

(43) RESTRI CTED CHEM I STRY PRACTI CAL Apparatus/M aterials Thermometer 0 C 100 C ( 1.0 oC) Ethanoic acid Hydrochloric acid Ice Ammonium ethanoate 8-hydroxyquinoline Potassium alum, KAl(SO4)2.12H2O Test-tube rack and six test tubes Test-tube holder Bunsen burner 250 cm3 beaker Wash bottle filled with distilled water Teat pipette/Dropper Absolute ethanol Propanal Propanone Butanone or 1-butanol Sulphuric acid 99.5% ethanoic acid Sodium hydroxide Potassium manganate(VII) Potassium iodide Iodine Silver nitrate Ammonia Copper(II) sulphate pentahydrate Sodium potassium tartrate tetrahydrate 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine 95% ethanol. Quantity used 1. 1 1 1 1 1 1. ST A l PM ex T C an he m is try. Experiment no. (M ode of working). STPM 2014. 11 (Individual). 40. RESTRI CTED.

(44) RESTRI CTED CHEM I STRY PRACTI CAL Apparatus/M aterials Test-tube rack and six test tubes Hard glass test-tube and delivery tube Test-tube holder Spatula Teat pipette Bunsen burner Red and blue litmus papers Wooden splinter Wash bottle filled with distilled water 250 cm3 beaker Ethanamide 1-butanamine Sulphuric acid Hydrochloric acid Sodium hydroxide Bromine water Sodium nitrite. Quantity used 1 1 1 1 1 1. 1 1. ST A l PM ex T C an he m is try. Experiment no. (M ode of working). STPM 2014. 12 (Individual). 13 (Group). Sodium hydrogencarbonate Propanone Ice Universal indicator Electric balance ( 0.01 g) 125 cm3 conical flask 100 cm3 graduated cylinder 100 cm3 beaker PVC basin Teat pipette Teat pipette rubber bulb Thermometer 0 C 100 C ( 0.01) Glass, spoon-paddle ends spatula Wash bottle filled with distilled water Buchner filter funnel Conical flask Filter paper Watch glass/evaporating dish 2-aminobenzoic acid Hydrochloric acid Sodium nitrite Sodium chloride Sodium hydroxide Phenol Ice 41. common use 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1. RESTRI CTED.

(45) RESTRI CTED CHEM I STRY PRACTI CAL. STPM 2014. 1.11.2 List of apparatus and materials by experiments No 1. Ammeter 0 A 3 A ( 0.1 A) 100 cm3 beaker 150 cm3 beaker 250 cm3 beaker. Quantity used. Experiment no.. M ode of working. 1. 7. Ind. 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 5 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 1 1 2 1 5 1 1 1 1 2. 13 4 7 5 10 11 12 5 13 8 9 10 11 12 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 13 4 10 1 1 7. Group Ind Ind Ind Ind/Group Ind Ind Ind Group Ind Ind Ind/Group Ind Ind Ind Ind Ind Ind Ind Ind Ind Group Ind Ind/Group Ind Ind Ind. 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 4. 10 4 2 4 10 7 13 7. Ind/Group Ind Ind Ind Ind/Group Ind Group Ind. ST A l PM ex T C an he m is try. 2 3 4. Apparatus. 5 6 7. Boiling tube Buchner filter funnel Bunsen burner. 8. 50 cm3 burette. 9 10 11. Connecting wire with crocodile clip 125 cm3 conical flask 250 cm3 conical flask. 12 13 14. 100 cm3 flask and stopper 250 cm3 volumetric flask and stopper. 15 16 17. 18 19 20. Copper plate 5 cm 4 cm 0.2 cm Crucible with lid 10 cm3 measuring cylinder 50 cm3 measuring cylinder. 100 cm3 measuring cylinder 100 cm3 graduated cylinder Dry cell 1.5 V (source of direct current 6 V). 1RWH³&´ &RPPRQXVH,QG ,QGLYLGXDO. 42. RESTRI CTED.

(46) RESTRI CTED CHEM I STRY PRACTI CAL No. STPM 2014. Apparatus Electric balance ( 0.01 g). 22. Filter funnel. 23. Filter paper. 24 25 26. Glass, spoon-paddle ends spatula Hair dryer Hard glass test-tube and delivery tube. 27 28. Magnetic stirrer Oven. 29. Pipette filler. 30. 25 cm3 pipette. 31 32 33 34. 50 cm3 pipette Plastic/polystyrene cup PVC basin Red and blue litmus papers. 35 36. Refrigerator Retort stand and clamp. 37. 11. Experiment no.. M ode of working. C C C C C 1 1 1. 1 6 7 10 13 8 9 10 8 9 10 13 13 7 8 9 12 10 10 13 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 3 6. Ind Ind Ind Ind/Group Group Ind Ind Ind/Group Ind Ind Ind/Group Group Ind Ind Ind Ind Ind Ind/Group Ind/Group Group Ind Ind Ind Ind Ind Ind Ind Ind Ind Ind. 13 8 9 12 10 1 2 3 4 5 6 7. Group Ind Ind Ind Ind/Group Ind Ind Ind Ind Ind Ind Ind. ST A l PM ex T C an he m is try. 21. Quantity used. 1 C 1 1 1 1 C C 1 2 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 1. C 1 2 1 1 2 1 1. rheostat. 1RWH³&´ &RPPRQXVH,QG ,QGLYLGXDO 43. RESTRI CTED.

(47) RESTRI CTED CHEM I STRY PRACTI CAL No. STPM 2014. Apparatus Spatula. 39. Stopwatch. 40 41. Switch Teat pipette. Experiment no. 8 9 12 4 7 7 8 9 10 11 12 13. M ode of working Ind Ind Ind Ind Ind Ind Ind Ind Ind/Group Ind Ind Ind. 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 3 6 3 1 1 1 1 1 1. 13 8 9 11 12 8 9 11 12 1 2 3 2 4 5 10 13 6. Group Ind Ind Ind Ind Ind Ind Ind Ind Ind Ind Ind Ind Ind Ind Ind/Group Group Ind. 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1. 10 1 2 3 4 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13. Ind/Group Ind Ind Ind Ind Ind Ind Ind Ind Ind/Group Ind Ind Group. ST A l PM ex T C an he m is try. 38. Quantity used 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1. 42 43. Teat pipette rubber bulb Test-tube holder. 44. Test-tube rack and six test-tubes. 45. Titration flask. 46. Thermometer 0 oC ! 100 oC ( 1.0 oC). 47. Thermometer 0 oC ! 110 oC ( 0.2 oC). 48 49. Tripod and wire gauze Wash bottle. 1RWH³&´ &RPPRQXVH,QG ,QGLYLGXDO 44. RESTRI CTED.

(48) RESTRI CTED CHEM I STRY PRACTI CAL No. STPM 2014. Apparatus. Quantity used. Experiment no.. M ode of working. Watch glass/evaporating dish Water bath White tile. 1 1 1 2 1 1. 13 5 1 2 3 4. Ind Ind Ind Ind Ind Ind. 53. Wooden splint. 1 1 1. 8 9 12. Ind Ind Ind. ST A l PM ex T C an he m is try. 50 51 52. !. ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !. 1RWH³&´ &RPPRQXVH,QG ,QGLYLGXDO. ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !. 45. RESTRI CTED.

(49) RESTRI CTED CHEM I STRY PRACTI CAL. STPM 2014. 1.11.3 List of chemicals by experiments No. Quantity used. Chemical Absolute ethanol 2-aminobenzoic acid Aluminium sulphate Ammonia. 5. Ammonium chloride. M ode of working. 11 13 8 8 9 11 8 9 10 8 8 3 9 12 12 11 9 9 8 9 7 11 8 9 11 8 1 10 12 11 11 4 2 1 6 8 9 10 12 13. Ind Group Ind Ind Ind Ind Ind Ind Ind/Group Ind Ind Ind Ind Ind Ind Ind Ind Ind Ind Ind Ind Ind Ind Ind Ind Ind Ind Ind/Group Ind Ind Ind Ind Ind Ind Ind Ind Ind Ind/Group Ind Group. ST A l PM ex T C an he m is try. 1 2 3 4. Experiment no.. 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18. Ammonium ethanoate, CH3COONH4 Ammonium nitrate Ammonium sulphate Anhydrous sodium sulphite Barium chloride Bromine water Butanamine Butanone or 1-butanol Calsium carbonate Calsium chloride Calsium ethanoate Copper(II) carbonate Copper(II) sulphate pentahydrate. 19 20 21 22 23. Copper sulphite 'HYDUGD¶VDOOR\ 2,4-Dinitrophenylhydrazine Disodium hydrogen phosphate Ethanoic acid. 24 25. Ethanamide 99.5% Ethanoic acid 95% Ethanol Hot water and ice Hydrated ethanedioic acid Hydrochloric acid. 26 27 28. 46. RESTRI CTED.

(50) RESTRI CTED CHEM I STRY PRACTI CAL No. STPM 2014 Quantity used. Chemical Hydrogen peroxide 8-Hydroxyquinoline Ice. 32. Iodine. 33 34 35. Iron(II) sulphate Iron(III) chloride Lead(II) ethanoate. 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44. Lead(II) nitrate Manganese carbonate Magnesium carbonate Magnesium chloride Magnesium sulphite Magnesium tiosulphate(VI) Methyl orange Nickel(II) carbonate Nitric acid. 45 46. Phenol Phenolphthalein. 47 48. Potassium alum, KAl(SO4)2.12H2O Potassium iodide. 49 50. Potassium chromate(VI) Potassium manganate(VII). 51 52 53. Potassium nitrate Propanal Propanone. 54. Silver nitrate. M ode of working. 4 10 10 12 13 3 11 9 8 8 9 5 9 9 9 8 8 1 9 8 9 13 1 2 10 3 4 8 9 11 8 2 11 9 11 7 11 12 8 9 11. Ind Ind/Group Ind/Group Ind Group Ind Ind Ind Ind Ind Ind Ind Ind Ind Ind Ind Ind Ind Ind Ind Ind Group Ind Ind Ind/Group Ind Ind Ind Ind Ind Ind Ind Ind Ind Ind Ind Ind Ind Ind Ind Ind. ST A l PM ex T C an he m is try. 29 30 31. Experiment no.. 47. RESTRI CTED.

(51) RESTRI CTED CHEM I STRY PRACTI CAL No. STPM 2014 Quantity used. Chemical Sodium ethanedioate Sodium ethanoate Sodium hydrogen carbonate. 58. Sodium carbonate. 59. Sodium hydroxide. 60 61. Sodium chloride Sodium nitrite. 62 63. Sodium potassium tartrate tetrahydrate Sodium tiosulphate. 64. Starch. 65. Sulphuric acid. 66 67 68. 1,1,1-trichloroethane Universal indicator Zinc nitrate. M ode of working. 2 8 3 6 12 1 6 8 1 2 8 9 11 12 13 5 12 13 11 3 4 3 4 2 4 11 12 9 12 8. Ind Ind Ind Ind Ind Ind Ind Ind Ind Ind Ind Ind Ind Ind Group Ind Ind Group Ind Ind Ind Ind Ind Ind Ind Ind Ind Ind Ind Ind. ST A l PM ex T C an he m is try. 55 56 57. Experiment no.. 48. RESTRI CTED.

(52) RESTRI CTED CHEM I STRY PRACTI CAL. STPM 2014 Appendix A 6WXGHQW¶V5HFRUG Form. Name of school/institute Name of student Centre no./Index no. Skill Study term First. Second. Third. Date. A TP le x M T C an he m is try. SCHOOL-BASED ASSESSM ENT OF PRACTI CAL CHEM I STRY (PAPER 962/4) STPM 2014. Experiment. S. I/C no.. /. Mark for skill assessed A B C D 7HDFKHU¶V 7HDFKHU¶V 0RGHUDWRU¶V 7HDFKHU¶V 0RGHUDWRU¶V 7HDFKHU¶V 0RGHUDWRU¶V mark mark mark mark mark mark mark. E 7HDFKHU¶V mark. 7HDFKHU¶V mark. F 0RGHUDWRU¶V mark. Notes. Exp 1 Exp 2 Exp 3 Exp 4 Exp 5 Exp 6 Exp 7 Exp 8 Exp 9 Exp10 Exp 11 Exp 12 Exp 13 Project Total mark Overall total mark. 7($&+(5¶6'(&/$5$7,21 I certify that the marks and details recorded above are true. «««««««««««««««««««««««« Name: Date: Contact number (H/P): Contact number (O):. 02'(5$725¶6'(&/$5$7,21 I certify that the marks and details recorded above are true. «««««««««««««««««««««««« Name: Date: Contact number (H/P): Contact number (O):. 49. RESTRI CTED.

(53) RESTRI CTED CHEM I STRY PRACTI CAL. STPM 2014 Appendix B. A TP le x M T C an he m is try. SCHOOL-BASED ASSESSM ENT FOR PRACTI CAL CHEM I STRY (PAPER 962/4) EXPERI M ENT REPORT STPM 2014. 1DPHRIVFKRROFROOHJH««««««««««««««««««««««««««««««««««««« Experiment Number. Topic. Centre nuPEHU««««««««««. Problem/Modification/Suggestion/Comment. Note: If there is no problem/modification/suggestion/comment for a certain experiment, please wriWH³NONE´ 50. RESTRI CTED.

(54) RESTRI CTED CHEM I STRY PRACTI CAL. STPM 2014. Part 26WXGHQW¶V0DQXDOIRUPractical Chemistry 2.1 I ntroduction MEC has determined 13 compulsory experiments and one project to be carried out by students which will be assessed by the teacher in three respective terms.. 2.1.2. Experiments and project are to be carried out either individually or in groups as recommended in the Table of Summary of Experiments and Project on pages 55.. 2.1.3. The assessment of experimental skills should be done while the student is carrying out the experiment and also on the student¶VSUDFWLFDOZRUNUHSRUW7KHDVVHVVPHQWIRU the project should be done according to the project report and the oral presentation made by students.. ST A l PM ex T C an he m is try. 2.1.1. 2.1.4. For a student who is absent for an experiment with reason, the teacher can fix another date for the students to carry out the experiment.. 2.1.5. Students may write their practical work and project reports in either English or Bahasa Melayu. The practical work reports is to be submitted to the teacher on the same day the experiment is carried out unless otherwise stated. (Refer to the Table of Summary of Experiments and Project on pages 55). Practical work reports which are not submitted RQWKHGD\RIWKHH[SHULPHQWDUHWREHDZDUGHGµ¶PDUN. 2.1.6. Practical work reports which can be completed at home are to be submitted to the teacher not later than 3 days from the date of the experiment. A penalty of 2 marks is to be imposed for the reports submitted late to the teacher. Practical work reports which are submitted laWHUWKDQGD\VIURPWKHGDWHRIWKHH[SHULPHQWDUHWREHDZDUGHGµ¶ mark.. 2.1.7. The teacher is required to set the dateline for the submission of project in the specified date at the end of third term. A penalty of 2 marks is to be imposed for the reports submitted late to the teacher.. 2.1.8. The oral presentation for the project work should be carried out by the teachers after the assessment of the project report of all students. If the teacher suggests that changes are required towards the project report after the oral presentation, the student needs to correct the project report.. 2.1.9. For a student who has transferred to another school, the previous school is to send the VWXGHQW¶VUHSRUWVDQGWKH6WXGHQW5HFRUGForm which is partially completed and signed by the subject teacher, to the student¶VQHZVFKRRO. 2.2 Assessment of Practical Work and Project 2.2.1. Students are to be assessed based on the following skills:. Skill A: Use of techniques and manipulation of apparatus and materials. To get maximum marks, students need to exhibit psychomotor skills in manipulating the apparatus and materials skillfully and efficiently to a suitable degree of accuracy without assistance.. 51. RESTRI CTED.

(55) RESTRI CTED CHEM I STRY PRACTI CAL. STPM 2014. Skill B: Observations, measurements, and recording To get maximum marks, students need to make observations accurately, record readings and data completely, and perform calculations to a suitable degree of accuracy. Skill C: I nterpretation of experimental observations and data To get maximum marks, students need to answer all the questions given or make deductions correctly. Skill D: Design and planning of investigation. ST A l PM ex T C an he m is try. To get maximum marks, students need to plan their experiment or project neatly, completely, and efficiently according to the format they have learned and to complete the experiment or project within a specified period of time and/or they are able to modify the planning based on their experience. Skill E: Scientific and critical attitudes. Among the attitudes expected of students are self-reliant, trustworthy, fair, curious, inquisitive, having initiative, innovative, receptive to new ideas, cooperative, and caring for the environment. Skill F: Oral presentation. 7R JHW PD[LPXP PDUNV VWXGHQW¶V QHHG WR KDYH SRVitive and appropriate experiences in a wide range of ICT applications, and exhibit a good technique of presentation skills and communication skills.. 2.2.2. The school will be notified of the theme of the project for the current year by MEC. The students are free to propose the title of the project based on the theme given.. 2.2.3. 7KHDVVHVVPHQWRIWKHSURMHFWLVFDUULHGRXWEDVHGRQVWXGHQWV¶UHSRUWRYHUDOOTXDOLW\RI project report and oral presentation. Students will be assessed by the same skill which is assessed in the practical work.. 2.2.4. The report on project which has been done on third term should have the following format: (a) Title (b) Abstract (c) Introduction (d) Methodology (e) Observations, result and discussion (f) Conclusion (g) References/Bibliography. 52. RESTRI CTED.

(56) RESTRI CTED CHEM I STRY PRACTI CAL 2.2.5. STPM 2014. The assessment framework of the project work is shown in the table below. Component Project report Project file Oral Presentation. Group. Individual. Total. 66.67 %. ±. 66.67%. ±. 10%. 10%. 13.33%. 10%. 23.33%. Total. The written report should be at least 800 words and not more than 1500 words. The SURMHFWUHSRUWZLOOEHDVVHVVHGDVDJURXS¶VDVVHVVPHQWDQGVKRXOGEHDVVHVVHGEDVHGRQ the assessment criteria.. ST A l PM ex T C an he m is try. 2.2.6. 100%. 2.2.7. The oral presentation will be assessed individually and as a group. On the individual level, each student is given a minimum of 5 minutes per student. For groups of three students, a maximum time limit of 20 minutes is allocated; whereas for groups of two students, the maximum limit is 15 minutes. The group presentation also includes those that do not exceed 5 minutes. Each presentation will have a Q & A session.. 2.2.8. Students need to be aware that the written work they submit must be entirely their own and cite any source that had been referred to. Teachers should try to encourage students to take responsibility for their learning, so that they accept ownership of the work and take pride in it.. 53. RESTRI CTED.

(57) RESTRI CTED CHEM I STRY PRACTI CAL. STPM 2014. 2.3 Table of Summary of Experiments and Project. Experiment. Topic. Subtopic. Purpose. M ode of working. Report to be completed. First Term 1. Volumetric analysis. To determine the exact concentration of a monobasic acid, HX. Individually. In the laboratory. Acid base and redox. To determine the mass of sodium ethanedioate used to prepare a solution containing sodium ethanedioate and hydrated ethanedioic acid. Individually. In the laboratory. Purity and stoichiometry. To determine the purity of a sample of sodium sulphite. Individually. In the laboratory. Reaction kinetics. To determine the effect of temperature on the reaction rate. Individually. In the laboratory. Equilibrium and solubility. To determine the solubility product, Ksp, of MX2 and enthalpy change of solution, ǻH sol. Individually. In the laboratory. Thermochemistry. To determine the heat of reaction. Individually. In the laboratory. ElectrochemistryFaraday's Laws. To determine the percentage purity of copper metal by electrolysis. Individually. In the laboratory. ST A l PM ex T C an he m is try. 2. Stoichiometry. 3. 4. Physical Quantity. 5. Second Term 6 7. Physical Quantity. 54. RESTRI CTED.

(58) RESTRI CTED CHEM I STRY PRACTI CAL. Experiment. Topic. 8. Technique. STPM 2014. Subtopic. Purpose. M ode of working. Report to be completed. To determine the cations and anions of inorganic substances. Individually. In the laboratory. 9. Qualitative analysis. To determine the cations and anions in inorganic salts. Individually. In the laboratory. 10. TechniqueSynthesis. To determine the percentage of aluminium in a sample X by means of the preparation of a complex compound of aluminium with 8-hydroxyquinoline. Individually/ Group. In the laboratory. Qualitative analysis. To study the reactions of alcohols and carbonyl compounds. Individually. In the laboratory. 12. Qualitative analysis. To study the reactions of Individually organic nitrogen compounds (amides, amines and their salts, amino acids and proteins). In the laboratory. 13. TechniqueSynthesis. To prepare a sample of 2-(4-hydroxyphenylazo) benzoic acid. Group. At home. To enable students to acquire knowledge and skills in chemistry using ICT as well as to develop soft-skills. Group. At the end of third term. ST A l PM ex T C an he m is try. Qualitative analysis. Third Term 11. Project. Technique. Volumetric analysis/ Physical quantity/ Technique. 55. RESTRI CTED.

(59) RESTRI CTED CHEM I STRY PRACTI CAL. STPM 2014. 2.4 Experiment for First Term Experiment 1 Topic: Volumetric analysis. stoichiometry. Purpose: To determine the exact concentration of a monobasic acid, HX Question:. ST A l PM ex T C an he m is try. You are provided with a monobasic acid, HX, with a concentration in the range of 0.500 mol dm 3 to 1.00 mol dm 3. You are required to plan and carry out an experiment to determine the exact concentration of the HX solution provided.. 56. RESTRI CTED.

(60) RESTRI CTED CHEM I STRY PRACTI CAL. STPM 2014. Experiment 2 Topic: Volumetric analysis Purpose:. Acid base and redox. To determine the mass of sodium ethanedioate used to prepare a solution containing sodium ethanedioate and hydrated ethanedioic acid. M aterials: KA 1 is a solution containing hydrated ethanedioic acid, H2C2O4.2H2O, and sodium ethanedioate.. ST A l PM ex T C an he m is try. KA 2 is a solution containing 3.50 g potassium manganate(VII) per dm3. KA 3 is a solution containing 1.70 g hydroxide ions per dm3. KA 4 is 1.00 mol dm-3 sulphuric acid.. Phenolphthalein is used as an indicator.. Procedure: (a). Pipette 25.0 cm3 KA 1 into a titration flask. Add two or three drops of phenolphthalein and titrate this solution with KA 3. Record your readings in the table below. Repeat the titration at least two times to achieve accurate results.. Results: (b). Record your titration readings in the table below.. Titration number. Rough. Accurate. First. Second. Third. Final reading/cm3. Initial reading/cm3. Volume of KA 3/cm3. (i) Calculate your average titre value showing the suitable titre values that you use.. (ii) 25.0 cm3 of KA 1 UHTXLUHG«««FP3 of KA 3 for a complete reaction.. (c). Pipette 25.0 cm3 of KA 1 into a titration flask. Then add 25 cm3 of KA 4. Heat this solution to about 60 C, and titrate the solution with KA 2 until a faint pink colour persists in the solution. Repeat the titration at least two times to achieve accurate results.. 57. RESTRI CTED.

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