2
Article Number VESD4003 - Manual Version: APROT.AE.9 © OMICRON electronics 2007. All rights reserved. This manual is a publication of OMICRON electronics GmbH.
All rights including translation reserved. Reproduction of any kind, e.g., photocopying, microfilming or storage in electronic data processing systems, requires the explicit consent of OMICRON electronics. Reprinting, wholly or in part, is not permitted.
This manual represents the technical status at the time of writing. The product information, specifications, and all technical data contained within this manual are not contractually binding. OMICRON electronics reserves the right to make changes at any time to the technology and/or configuration without prior announcement.
We have done our best to ensure that the material found in this publication is both useful and accurate. However, please be aware that errors may exist in this publication, and that neither the authors nor OMICRON electronics are to be held liable for statements and declarations given in this manual or in the use to which it may be put. The user is responsible for every application described in this manual and its results. OMICRON electronics explicitly exonerates itself from all liability for mistakes in this manual.
OMICRON electronics translates this manual from its source language English into a number of other languages. Any translation of this manual is done for local requirements, and in the event of a dispute between the English and any non-English versions, the English version of this manual shall govern.
3
Table of Contents
1
Introduction . . . .9
1.1 Preface . . . .10
1.2 Scope of Advanced Protection . . . .11
2
Advanced TransPlay . . . .13
2.1 The Advanced TransPlay Views . . . .14
2.1.1
Detail View . . . .15
2.1.2
Time Signal View . . . .17
2.1.3
Measurement View . . . .19
2.1.4
Report View . . . .20
2.2 Example:
Distance Relay with a Transient Playback . . . .21
2.2.1
Wiring Between Protection Relay and CMC . . . .22
2.2.2
Starting Advanced TransPlay from the OCC . . . .22
2.2.3
Setting up the Test Object . . . .22
2.2.4
Configuring the Hardware. . . .23
2.2.5
Defining the Test. . . .23
2.2.6
Running the Test . . . .27
2.2.7
Defining the Test Report Format . . . .27
3
Advanced Distance . . . .29
3.1 Advanced Distance Features . . . .29
3.1.1
Shot, Search and Check Test Modes . . . .29
3.1.2
Relative Test Definitions . . . .32
3.1.3
Constant Source Impedance Model . . . .32
3.1.4
Load Current. . . .32
3.1.5
Testing Multiple Fault Loops in one Test Module . . . .32
4
3.2 Advanced Distance Example:
Testing Reaches and Trip Times. . . .34
3.2.1
Wiring Between Protection Relay and CMC . . . .36
3.2.2
Starting Advanced Distance from the OCC . . . .37
3.2.3
Setting up the Test Object . . . .37
3.2.4
Configuring the Hardware. . . .44
3.2.5
Defining the Test. . . .44
3.2.6
Running the Test . . . .51
3.2.7
Defining the Test Report Format . . . .51
3.2.8
View Options. . . .52
3.3 CB Configuration Example with Advanced Distance Module . . . .55
3.3.1
Wiring Between Relay and CMC . . . .56
3.3.2
Starting the OMICRON Control Center. . . .56
3.3.3
Setting up the Test Object . . . .56
3.3.4
Configuring the Hardware. . . .56
3.3.5
Inserting the CB Configuration Module. . . .57
3.3.6
Inserting an Advanced Distance Module . . . .59
3.3.7
Viewing the results . . . .60
4
Advanced Differential . . . .61
4.1 Overview . . . .62
4.1.1
The Diff Configuration Module . . . .63
4.1.2
The Diff Operating Characteristic Module. . . .63
4.1.3
The Diff Trip Time Module . . . .64
4.1.4
The Diff Harmonic Restraint Module. . . .64
4.2 Advanced Differential Example . . . .65
4.2.1
What should be tested? . . . .66
4.2.2
Wiring Between Relay and CMC/CMA . . . .68
4.2.3
Starting Diff Harmonic Restraint from the OCC . . . .69
5
4.2.5
Configuring the Hardware. . . .83
4.2.6
Testing the Relay or Protection System Configuration . . . .83
4.2.7
Testing the Operating Characteristic . . . .88
4.2.8
Testing the Trip Time Characteristic. . . .102
4.2.9
Testing Harmonic Restraint . . . .106
5
Synchronizer . . . .115
5.1 Application:
Connecting a Generator to the Grid . . . .116
5.2 Example:
ELIN SYN3000 Digital Synchronizing Relay . . . .116
5.2.1
Emulation with CMC Test Set. . . .118
5.2.2
Starting Synchronizer . . . .119
5.2.3
Setting up the Test Object . . . .119
5.2.4
Configuring the Hardware. . . .122
5.2.5
Verifying the Wiring Between the Relay and the CMC . . . .124
5.2.6
Defining the Synchronizer Time Settings . . . .124
5.2.7
The Function Test. . . .126
5.2.8
The Adjustment Test. . . .133
5.2.9
Creating an OCC Test Document. . . .139
6
Annunciation Checker. . . .141
6.1 Example: Annunciation Checker with a Digital Distance Protection
Relay 7SA631 . . . .146
6.1.1
Test Task . . . .146
6.1.2
Preparing the Test . . . .147
6.1.3
Defining the Test Object . . . .148
6.1.4
Specifying the Hardware Configuration . . . .154
6.1.5
Defining the test . . . .154
6.1.6
Running the Test . . . .163
6
7
Transient Ground Fault . . . .173
7.1 Example: Ground Fault Relay . . . .173
7.1.1
Emulation with CMC Test Set. . . .175
7.1.2
Starting Transient Ground Fault . . . .175
7.1.3
Setting up the Test Object . . . .176
7.1.4
Configuring the Hardware. . . .176
7.1.5
Verifying the Wiring Between Relay and CMC . . . .177
7.1.6
Defining the Test. . . .177
7.1.7
Running the Test and Viewing the Time Signal . . . .182
7.1.8
Defining the Measurement Settings . . . .183
7.1.9
Defining the Test Report. . . .184
8
VI-Starting. . . .185
8.1 About VI Characteristic . . . .186
8.2 Testing Method of VI Starting . . . .186
8.3 Example: Using VI Starting . . . .188
8.3.1
Setting Up the Test Object . . . .188
8.3.2
Preparing the Hardware . . . .190
8.3.3
Automatic Testing of the Characteristic . . . .190
8.3.4
A Search Test . . . .192
9
Single Phase Testing and Output of Fault Quantities . . . .193
9.1 Introduction . . . .193
9.2 Electromechanical Relays and the Single-Phase Fault Model . . . .193
9.3 Output of the Fault Quantities for Testing Distance Protection . . . .194
9.4 Settings in the Hardware Configuration for using the Single-Phase
Fault Model . . . .196
9.5 Output of the Fault Quantities for Testing Overcurrent Protection . . . .198
9.6 Single-Phase Current Source and Three-Phase Voltage Source . . . . .199
7
File Name Extensions within OMICRON Test Universe . . . .201
Contact Information / Technical Support . . . .205
Index . . . .207
9
1 Introduction
The OMICRON Test Universe Advanced Protection manual is an add-on manual to the OMICRON Test Universe Protection manual. It describes all components of the Advanced Protection Package that are not already
documented for the Protection Package. It includes general information about the additional test modules as well as one or more specific test examples using those test modules.
Together with the Protection Package software, Advanced Protection Package provides full-range functionality to define and perform comprehensive tests of any protective relay according to the manufacturer’s guidelines or actual relay settings and usage. In addition, it provides more advanced test modules to test more complex and difficult protection relays.
Detailed information about the individual test modules is found in their module-specific online help systems. You are encouraged to use this reference first whenever you have a question or need further explanation about a specific topic. Start the online help by clicking the HE L P TO P I C S. . . command on the HE L P
pull-down menu of the individual test module or tool.
If this does not meet your needs, please fax or e-mail your question(s) to us or contact us directly by phone (refer to section ”Contact Information / Technical Support”").
For detailed information about the OMICRON Control Center (OCC), please refer to the manual The Concept. The PDF file can be found at OMICRON Test
Universe installation path\Doc. You find a direct hyperlink to this manual in the
online help topic "User Manuals of OMICRON Test Universe". In addition, the online help also provides detailed information about Control Center under the table of contents entry --- OMICRON Control Center ---.
Full scope of Advanced Protection = + Protection manual Advanced Protection manual Protection P A C K A G E Version 2.2 TEST UNIVERSE Advanced Protection P A C K A G E Version 2.2 TEST UNIVERSE
10
1.1 Preface
We assume that you understand and are comfortable using the Windows™ operating system1. Please take time to become familiar with your computer's operating system before using OMICRON Test Universe.
This manual uses the following conventions:
Mouse
Click Press and release the primary mouse button. The primary mouse button is the button you use most often. For most people, this is the left mouse button.
Right-click Press and release the secondary mouse button. The secondary button is the button you use least often. For most people, this is the right button.
Double-click Press and release the primary mouse button twice. Drag Move the mouse while you hold down the primary mouse
button.
Release Remove your finger from a mouse button.
Scroll Scroll bars along the right and bottom sides of a window can be used to move the contents up and down and left and right within the window. To use a scrollbar, either click and hold one of the arrow buttons at either end of the bar, or drag the scroll bar slider.
11
1.2 Scope of Advanced Protection
In addition to the test modules and tools described in the Protection Package software, the Advanced Protection Package software consists of the following test modules:
Test modules
Advanced TransPlay Universal tool to import, edit, and output transient data
to a test object.
The transient data files were created from real or simulated fault occurrences beforehand and are available as a data file in either COMTRADE, PL4 or TRF format.
The main application area is the reproduction of real fault occurrences. The fault occurrences recorded with the integrated fault recorder of the protection device are transmitted to a PC and stored in a corresponding file format.
Advanced Distance Advanced Distance is used to efficiently define test
documents, execute them, automate them, and report the results.
It provides the same features as offered in the Distance module plus advanced functionality:
• Additional testing modes: Search and Check test • Impedance setting as percentages of zone reaches
("relative" impedance)
• Efficient and flexible testing in several fault loops.
Synchronizer Tests synchronizing relays.
It tests 3-phase-to-3-phase, 3-phase-to-1-phase, and 1-phase-to-1-phase operations for connecting two power systems together, such as a generator to the power grid.
VI Starting Tests the voltage-dependent overcurrent starting function (VI starting function).
12
Advanced Differential
The Advanced Differential software is a set of 4 test modules which provide a complete testing solution for differential schemes having up to 3 winding
transformers and up to 9 injected currents. Automatic calculation of the test currents avoids time consuming and error-prone manual calculations.
These test modules are also suitable for testing other differential relay functions such as an overcurrent backup-protection function or an overload function integrated into the relay.
This module is covered in more detail in section 4 ”Advanced Differential” on page 61.
• Diff Configuration
• Diff Operating Characteristic
• Diff Trip Time
• Diff Harmonic Restraint Transient Ground
Fault
Tests ground fault protection relays.
Ground Fault provides the appropriate network
configuration to perform a simulation of a ground fault. The simulation can be directly output from a CMC test system as currents, voltages, and binary signals. The behavior of the test object can be measured and displayed, and can be reported in a test document.
Annunciation Checker
Verifies the wiring and the assignment of status messages when commissioning a substation.
CB Configuration The test set CMC 256 offers a CB simulation that emulates the action of the auxiliary contacts (52a / 52b) of a circuit breaker during tripping and closing.
CB Configuration configures the circuit breaker (CB)
simulation state machine in the CMC firmware. This module automatically maps the routed binary input and output signals to the simulation inputs and outputs of the state machine.
13
2 Advanced TransPlay
Advanced TransPlay is used to import, edit and output transient data to a test
object. These transient data were created from real or simulated fault occurrences beforehand and are available as a data file.
The main application field is seen in the reproduction of real fault occurrences. The fault occurrences recorded with the integrated fault recorder of the protection device are transmitted to a PC and stored in a corresponding file format.
Of course, this data may also originate from another source than a fault recorder as long as is is available in a compatible file format.
The following file formats used to import transient signals are supported: • Comtrade format with the following files:
- CFG: COMTRADE configuration file for the description of the failure report channels (signal names, sample frequency etc.)
- DAT: COMTRADE file with the sample values of the failure report channels.
- HDR: "Header file", that contains any data-related text that is not used by the software.
• L4 format with a PL4 file • TRF format with a TRF file
A detailed description about the supported file formats can be found in the
Advanced TransPlay online help under the table of contents entry "File Formats
and Size".
Using this data, a protection device can be optimally tested and adjusted under real operation conditions.
Advanced TransPlay is also a suitable tool for testing protection devices (e.g.,
with simulated data) during the process of development.
The data output is started either via an external trigger (e.g., GPS), via binary inputs, by pressing a key or immediately after pressing the ST A R T/ CO N T I N U E
button.
Afterwards, the reaction of the test object is compared with given nominal values or binary signals (reaction saved in the data record or user-defined) and assessed in the test report.
14
2.1 The Advanced TransPlay Views
The Advanced TransPlay test module provides four different views:
Detail View
Time Signal View
Measurement View
Report View
All settings necessary for the test are made in the Detail View. In the Detail View the transient analog signals are routed individually to the analog CMC output channels, the binary signals are interconnected and the trigger conditions are defined.
The Time Signal View is active after loading (importing) a data record. This view displays the transient current and voltage signals and the binary signals, if available.
It is now possible using Advanced TransPlay to edit this data record and to adapt it for the planned test. Any time sections can be repeated (e.g. to extend the prefault time), state transitions can be marked, and new binary signals can be inserted.
The nominal values for the time measurements are defined in the Measurement View. During the test, each measurement condition is analyzed for the
observance of the tolerances and assessed with "Passed" or "Failed".
The test results are displayed in the Report View. The contents of the Report View can be either defined by the user or standard default settings can be used.
15
2.1.1 Detail
View
The Detail View consists of the tabs Analog Out, Binary Out, Trigger, and General. With these tabs, it is possible to view and edit the parameters which are necessary for the test.
Which fields in the tabs are active and which names are assigned to these fields depends on the settings previously made in the hardware configuration. If, for instance, only one generator group is assigned in the hardware configuration only this generator group will be available. The designation is the name that is assigned for this group in the hardware configuration.
Analog Outputs
The Analog Outputs tab contains a table for setting the output magnitudes of the available generators.
This table has five columns: Signal, Channel, Scale, Minimum, and Maximum. Each line corresponds to one used analog output.
After loading a data file, the table is filled with the information stored in the data record. The signals are routed to the analog outputs of the CMC on the basis of the signal names. This assignment can be changed at any time. The Scale column can be used to increase or decrease the voltage and current values that are to be output. The result of the scaling is displayed in the Minimum and Maximum fields.
Binary Outputs
The Binary Outputs tab shows the available binary outputs (as defined in the hardware configuration) and what is interconnected with the binary signals.
Trigger
The Trigger tab defines the start conditions for the output of the transient signals.
16
Four trigger conditions are available:
No Trigger: The output of data is started immediately after the ST A R T/ CO N T I N U E button is pressed (or the corresponding option is selected on the TE S T menu). Binary Trigger Condition: The output is put on hold until the binary inputs of the hardware meet the logical conditions defined in the lower half of the tab.
Key Pressed: With this option it is waited until the user presses a key.
External Trigger: It is waited for an external trigger event via the connector on the CMC's CMExif board (e.g. from a
CMGPS synchronization unit).
When test repetitions are performed, the trigger condition is only valid for the first test.
The output of the transient data is started for the repetitions after the pause time between the repetitions is elapsed. (These settings are made at
VI E W | DE T A I L VI E W in the General tab).
Figure 2-1: Validity of trigger conditions
General Tab
The General tab contains specifications for the entire test, such as the number of test repetitions and the time between the individual test repetitions.
Additionally, the sampling rate can be specified with which the transient signals are output.
Test 1 Test 2 Test 3
Test start
Trigger Time = 0 for "No Trigger" > 0 for all other trigger
conditions
Time between repetitions
Time between repetitions
17
2.1.2 Time Signal View
The transient signals are displayed in the Time Signal View. Three different display modes are available:
Original: Displays only the played back data record. Here data markers for the repeated output of time ranges or for the restriction of the time range to be output (start and end) can be defined or edited. Expanded: Displays the transient signals as they are to be output, taking
into consideration the repetitions and restrictions defined in the original mode. In addition it is possible to define binary signals (for the output to the test object or as a nominal signal for comparison purposes) and state markers.
Test Results: Displays the analog and binary signals output during the test and the recorded binary inputs.This mode is only available after the test is carried out.
Two cursor sliders are available in all views to determine the values at certain time positions and to determine time differences. The measurement values are displayed in the cursor data window.
Context menus allow
• zooming individual time ranges and the optimized display of the signals in the diagram (concerning X and Y axis)
• magnifying the display of the diagrams (100% to 400%)
• editing the properties of the signals and data markers and removing the self-defined binary signals, state markers, and data markers.
Cursor Slider
The sliders act as anchor points for the measuring cursors. In addition they are used to move the cursor horizontally along the time axis. This is done either by using the cursor arrow keys of the PC keyboard or by clicking and dragging with the mouse to the position of your choice.
If you prefer to use the cursor arrow keys on your PC keyboard, use the <Tab> key or <Shift> + <Tab> to switch between the cursor sliders.
18
Cursor Data Table
The Cursor Data table is now located within the Time Signal View dialog box. The table displays the position of the two cursors in the Time column in the Time Signal View. It is possible to change the cursor position by entering a time. In the Signal column, an analog signal can be assigned to each cursor. The
momentary value of the selected signal is displayed in the Value column. If the signals assigned to the two cursors are of the same physical quantity (e.g. two voltages) then the difference is shown in the third line.
Figure 2-2: Cursor Data table
Voltage / Current Output Signal
A diagram is displayed for each of the available voltage and current generator groups to represent the voltage/current output signals as a time function. A different line format is used for each signal of one generator group. The assignment between line type and generator output is displayed at the bottom of the diagrams. The representation of the signals (line type, color, width and marking) can be changed by the user.
Binary Output and Input Signals
The binary signals are represented with the designations assigned in the hardware configuration or when defining the signals. The binary state 0 is represented by a thin line and the binary state 1 is represented by a stylized rectangle.
Data Markers
In the Original mode repetition type data markers can be defined and displayed. The data markers are represented by vertical lines in the diagram and with their names in the state diagram. The representation of the lines can be individually defined by the user.
State Markers
State markers are defined in the Expanded mode. As with the data markers, they are depicted by vertical lines and their names.
19
2.1.3 Measurement
View
Any number of time measurement conditions can be defined in the Measurement View. To do this, two tables are offered. In the upper table, individual moments (state markers and edge changes) can be specified as assessment criterion (Table 2-1).
Table 2-1: Terms in the
measurement table Terms in the measurement table
Name User-defined name for the identification of the time measurement condition.
Ignore before An event which has to occur before the "Start" and "Stop" events. With this, the time measurement range is limited. All events until the end of the specified state will be ignored for the measurement. If the field remains empty the time
measurement starts immediately when the start condition is fulfilled.
Start The event which starts the time measurement. The start condition is selected from a drop-down list of options. Stop The event which stops the time measurement. The stop
condition is selected from a drop-down list of options.
Tnom Nominal time interval for the defined measurement condition (in seconds).
Tdev- Permitted negative deviation from the nominal time (in seconds).
Tdev+ Permitted positive deviation from the nominal time (in seconds).
Tact Measured time interval between the start and the stop condition. If the cell is empty, either the start condition or the stop condition did not occur.
The start conditions and the stop conditions are scanned simultaneously. This means that possibly the stop condition occurred before the start condition. In this case the time measurement value is negative.
Tdev The measured deviation of Tact in relation to Tnom (this value can be either positive or negative).
Assessment "Passed" (green +), "Failed" (red x), or "Not assessed" (grey o). The assessment is based on the comparison between actual deviation and permitted deviation.
20
In the second table, binary signals are used for time comparison (Table 2-2). If the start condition and the stop condition are the same a measurement of 0 s is recorded. It is not searched for a second appearance of a condition, i.e. the time between the first and the second 0 -> 1 transition of a binary signal is not measurable; the first 0 -> 1 transition fulfills both measurement conditions. In order to measure such a condition the cursor measurement function in the Time Signal View can be used.
Table 2-2:
Additional terms in the measurement table 2
The tables are expanded in accordance to the number of measurement repetitions, i.e. all measurement results are displayed. The first column in the table in which the measurement conditions are numbered obtains an additional number enclosed in brackets. This specifies the number of the measurement to detect which result belongs to which measurement.
2.1.4 Report
View
The Report View depicts the test results in the form of a report for later printing. All settings made in the test object, in the hardware configuration, and in the test module can be displayed as well as all the results of the test. The selection of the contents is made on the menu PA R A M E T E R S | RE P O R T.
Additional terms in the measurement table 2
Signal Binary signal which is to be played back in order to be
compared with the reference signal. Here, all the binary signals which are set in the HCC dialog are available.
Reference signal
Binary signal from the data record or self-defined signal which serves as a reference for the comparison with the signal to be played back.
Tact Here the measured time for the edge change of the played back signal is entered. The edge change time with the maximum deviation in relation to the reference signal is entered for binary signals with several edge changes.
Tdev The (greatest) measured deviation of Tact in relation to Tnom (this value can be either positive or negative).
21
2.2 Example:
Distance Relay with a Transient Playback
Sample files:
• AdvTransPlay-Transient_Playback.tra
• AdvTransPlay-Transient_Playback.occ
• Comtrade Example.cfg
• Comtrade Example.dat
Stored at: ...OMICRON Test Universe installation path\
Test Library\Samples\SW Manual Examples\Advanced Protection
Task
A distance relay is to be tested with a transient "play back" test. The test file is in COMTRADE format (Comtrade Example.cfg) and was created from a fault recording. The prefault time should be extended to at least one second. Also a measurement condition for the trip signal of the relay should be defined. The COMTRADE file format is an internationally accepted standard for transient data exchange (COMTRADE = COMmon TRAnsient Data Exchange). This standard was formulated by the IEEE. Ref.: IEEE C37.111-1999: "IEEE Standard Common Format for Transient Data Exchange (Comtrade) for Power Systems".
Solution
The OMICRON Test Universe offers a dedicated test module Advanced
TransPlay to "play back" any transient fault recording or simulation. This is the
only module that can fulfill the above task completely.
Assuming that this transient "play back" test is to become part of a complete automatic test for a distance relay, this test module will be embedded into a test document for the OMICRON Control Center.
If this test is a once-off test, the Advanced TransPlay module could also be used in a stand-alone configuration, i.e. without the Control Center.
)
22
2.2.1 Wiring Between Protection Relay and CMC
1. Connection of the CMC to the parallel port of the PC for data exchange: Output of the data for simulation, loading of the binary signals.
2. Connection of the analog outputs of the CMC to the transducer inputs of the test object in order to read out the simulated currents and voltages. 3. Connection of the binary outputs and transistor outputs of the CMC to the
binary inputs of the test object to read out binary signals to the test object. 4. Connection of the binary inputs of the CMC to the binary outputs of the
test object to load the binary signals of the test object (therefore the reactions to the output data).
2.2.2 Starting Advanced TransPlay from the OCC
Start the OMICRON Control Center from the Start Page by clicking OP E N
EM P T Y DO C U M E N T. Insert Advanced TransPlay into the OCC document by selecting the menu item IN S E R T | TE S T MO D U L E. . . | O M I C R O N AD V A N C E D TR A N SPL A Y.
2.2.3 Setting up the Test Object
For configuration of your relay under test, the correspondingly named software function Test Object is used. Open Test Object either by using the pull-down menu item PA R A M E T E R S | TE S T OB J E C T or by clicking the "Test Object"
button in the toolbar. In Test Object browse, access and edit the test object parameters.
A detailed description of Test Object and the closely related subject "XRIO" can be found in section 3 ”Setting up the Test Object” of the "Concept" manual, or in the online help under the --- Test Object --- entry of the table of contents.
23
2.2.4 Configuring
the
Hardware
Configure the hardware according to the wiring described in section 2.2.1 ”Wiring Between Protection Relay and CMC”.
A detailed description of the Hardware Configuration can be found in the "Concept" manual’s section 4 ”Setting Up the Test Hardware”, or in the online help under the --- Hardware Configuration --- entry of the table of contents.
2.2.5 Defining
the
Test
Step 1: Importing the COMTRADE file
1. Select FI L E | IM P O R T.2. Select the COMTRADE file to import, Comtrade Example.cfg in this case.
Maximize the "Time Signal View" window to obtain a full view of the signal to be played back.
Figure 2-3: Time Signal View
24
Step 2: Extending the prefault time
1. Zoom the prefault portion of the signal to show about three cycles of data. To zoom the signal, first enable the zoom function (right mouse click anywhere in the Time Signal View and select ZO O M). The cursor changes
to a magnifying glass to indicate the activated zoom function. A zoom window can be defined with a left mouse click and dragging a window open. The width of the window defines the limits to which the graph is zoomed.
To "zoom out" to the original signal, right mouse click and select OP T I M I Z E.
2. Mark exactly one cycle of data.
Two markers are available. They can be positioned by dragging the yellow or blue mark on the horizontal marker bar (1).
Position the markers at the zero crossings of one phase voltage, e.g. V A-N. Position the second marker one sample before the zero crossing. This prevents two consecutive samples with a zero value when this cycle of data is repeated. Note that "Delta t" in the cursor window shows 19.9 ms and not 20 ms.
Figure 2-4:
Zoomed signal with one cycle of data marked
3. Select ED I T | IN S E R T RE P E T I T I O N to repeat this portion of the signal.
4. In the Data Markers dialog box, set the name to "Extended Prefault".
25 5. Specify 50 repetitions.
Note that the value for "Time" and "Duration" is automatically entered from the present position of the markers.
Figure 2-5:
Defining the signal to be repeated
6. Click O K .
7. Select "expanded" as display mode (1).
Figure 2-6:
Complete signal with prefault extended
8. Unzoom (Optimize) to view the complete signal.
26
Step 3: Defining a measurement condition
To time the trip signal accurately, it is important to define the exact moment of fault inception. This is done by manually defining a state marker at the moment of fault inception.
1. Zoom into the time around fault inception.
2. Position one of the markers directly on the moment of fault inception. 3. Select ED I T | IN S E R T ST A T E M A R K E R.
4. Define the name "Fault Inception". 5. Click O K .
Figure 2-7:
Defining a state marker
6. Activate the ME A S U R E M E N T VI E W by clicking its icon. 7. Define the parameters of the trip signal to be measured:
Name = Trip; Start at "Fault Inception"; Stop at "Trip 0>1" Tnom = 60 ms; Tdev- = 20 ms; Tdev+=50 ms.
This function enables the definition of any signal to be measured: From, To, the nominal trip time and the deviation in the negative and positive direction. The actual measured "trip" time, actual deviation and the assessment will be shown after a test has been performed.
27
2.2.6 Running
the
Test
A test is only possible, if no results are present. If necessary, clear the results by clicking the CL E A R toolbar icon or selecting TE S T | CL E A R.
To start the test, click the ST A R T/C O N T I N U E T E S T T O O L B A R icon or select TE S T | ST A R T/ CO N T I N U E.
This downloads the transient file to the CMC and reproduces the voltage and current signals exactly as shown.
The trip signal measurement together with an assessment will be shown in the Measurement View.
2.2.7 Defining the Test Report Format
Select PA R A M E T E R S | RE P O R T. A dialog box appears where you can define the scope of the report.
A detailed description about defining test reports can be found in the "Concept" manual’s section 5.2 ”Test Reports”, or in the online help under the --- Test Reports --- entry of the table of contents.
Select VI E W | RE P O R T to display the test report.
Note that if the signal has been zoomed, it will also be shown in this zoomed state in the Report View.
)
29
3 Advanced Distance
Advanced Distance is used for comprehensive element evaluations in different
automatic testing modes (Shot, Search, Check) in the Z-plane with graphical characteristic display. Allows standard test templates with relative test points to test any distance relay’s setting.
3.1 Advanced Distance Features
Advanced Distance provides advanced functionality in addition to the base
functionality of Distance: • Search and Check tests
• Test settings relative to zone reaches and line angle ("relative shots") • Testing multiple fault loops
3.1.1 Shot, Search and Check Test Modes
Shot Test
At a Shot test, test points in the test point table are automatically processed.
Figure 3-1:
Advanced Distance - Shot Test
30
Search Test
At a Search Test, zone reaches are determined automatically. Zone transitions are searched along search lines specified in the impedance plane, using an optimized algorithm. It is possible to define a series of search lines in a single step. All defined search lines are stored in a table for automatic processing.
Figure 3-2:
Advanced Distance - Search Test
31
Check Test
At a Check Test, test points are automatically set at the tolerance boundaries of zones. The setup is done with test lines (check lines) similar to a Search Test, but test points are only set at the intersections of the check lines with the zone tolerances. The Check test is an efficient overall test of the relay with minimum testing time. This gives a quick verification of whether the specifications are met, particularly for routine tests.
Figure 3-3:
Advanced Distance - Check Test
Adding test points and test lines to the tables is possible in a variety of ways. Parameters can be precisely defined by numerical inputs, or specified by pointing to certain locations in the characteristic diagram. A magnetic cursor supports the choosing of useful values. Mouse commands, context menus and keyboard shortcuts facilitate data input.
A test in Advanced Distance can have any combination of Shot, Search, or Check tests. At test execution, the whole test settings are processed sequentially.
This versatile system offers a wide range of testing possibilities. Using this, it is easy to comply with testing philosophies and regulations.
32
3.1.2 Relative Test Definitions
A revolutionary feature is that the test settings can be made relative to the characteristic of the distance relay. Test points are not entered in absolute R, X, Z, or angle values, but are instead referred to zone reaches and the line angle. The relative settings can be applied to reaches and to angles, either combined or individually.
Test points defined relative to zone reaches (e.g. 90 % of zone 1, 110 % of zone 1, 90 % of zone 2, ...) have the magnitude of the impedance automatically adjusted to the actual values defined in the test object data.
Test points and test (search/check) lines defined relative to the line angle are twisted according to the setting of the line angle in the XRIO test object file. With this feature, re-usable test templates that adopt themselves to the actual relay settings can be created.
3.1.3 Constant Source Impedance Model
In addition to the constant test current and constant test voltage models from
Distance, Advanced Distance provides the constant source impedance test
model which is useful in special cases where parameters such as SIR (Source Impedance Ratio) are important.
3.1.4 Load
Current
To verify special behavior of certain relays which occurs only when a prefault (load) current is present (e.g. accelerated tripping performance), a load current can be superimposed.
3.1.5 Testing Multiple Fault Loops in one Test Module
Advanced Distance provides special support by performing the tests for multiple
fault loops within one test module. For all test modes (shot, search, check) multiple tabs are provided with a separate test point table for every fault type. For every fault type, individual test settings can be made, but for the common case of equal settings in related fault types, there are functions to make the same settings in multiple fault types simultaneously.
33
3.1.6 User
Interface
The user interface can be configured individually, using the following elements:
Test View
This view holds the test point tables for the Shot, Search, and Check tests and the impedance plane. Test definitions are made in this view. During and after the test execution, this view displays the results numerically in the tables and graphically in the impedance plane.
Z/t Diagram
This view shows the graded trip time curve over the impedance along a certain line. The actual line is determined by pointing in the impedance plane or by a selection in one of the test tables. It is also possible to define test points and view the assessments in the diagram.
Vector Diagram
The vector diagram shows the phasors of the voltages and currents, both for the phase quantities and the sequence components. The corresponding numerical values are displayed in the attached table.
Time Signal View
The voltages, currents, and binary signals after a completed shot are shown in this view. This is useful to perform more detailed investigations (e.g., time measurements using cursors).
34
3.2 Advanced Distance Example:
Testing Reaches and Trip Times
Sample files:
• AdvDist-7SA511.occ
• Siemens 7SA511 Distance Relay.rio
Stored at: ...OMICRON Test Universe installation path\
Test Library\Samples\SW Manual Examples\Advanced Protection
Task
A Siemens 7SA511 distance relay is to be tested. The automatic test should: • Perform a Shot Test at 50% in Zone 1 as well as 75% in Zone 2 and 3 on
the line angle for all fault loops.
• Verify the reaches on the line angle to be within the tolerance limits for all zones and for all fault loops.
• Determine the exact reach of the relay on the reactive and resistive axis for all zones for an A-N and a B-C fault.
The Siemens 7SA511distance relay has several settings that are given. • General Settings: – Inom: 1 A – Vnom: 110 V (L-L) – fnom: 0 Hz – Line angle: 60° – Re/Rl: 0.9 – Xe/Xl: 0.9
– Potential Transformers are connected on busbar – Current Transformer starpoint is on line side
35 • Tripping Zone Settings:
• Starting Zone Settings:
– X+A: 12 Ω – X - A: 2.5 Ω – RA1= RA2: 6 Ω – RAe: 12 Ω – t4 = t5: 3.0s
Solution
The OMICRON Test Universe offers a dedicated test module - Advanced
Distance - for testing the impedance measurement function of distance relays.
This module models the transmission line protected by a distance relay. It is recommended that this module be used to test the distance function. A manual test of this function is possible, but can prove to be very laborious and time consuming.
Individual fault shots can be placed anywhere in the impedance plane with the single shot. The Check Test places shots at the impedance tolerance limits of each zone to verify that the reach is within the tolerance limits. The exact reach can be determined with the Search Test.
Because an automatic test should be carried out, use the OMICRON Control
Center so that the test can then be integrated with the tests for all the auxiliary
functions of a distance relay (e.g., Fusefail [or LOP], Manual Close [or SOTF], Auto-reclose, Powerswing detection, etc.)
The Advanced Distance module could also be used stand-alone. Setting Zone 1 Zone 2 Zone 3
X 2.50Ω 5.00Ω 10.00Ω
R 1.25Ω 2.50Ω 5.00Ω
Re 2.50Ω 5.00Ω 10.00Ω
trip time inst. 400 ms 1.0 s
36
3.2.1 Wiring Between Protection Relay and CMC
1. Connect the voltage inputs of the relay to the corresponding voltage outputs of the CMC.
2. Connect the current inputs of the relay to the corresponding current outputs of the CMC. Ensure that the current "outputs" of the relay, i.e., the output side of the current transformers, are connected together in a starpoint.
3. Connect the trip signal of the relay to Binary Input 1 of the CMC.
4. Because the Siemens relay has a starting zone, connect the start signal to binary input 2 of the CMC.
Figure 3-4: CMC 256 test set, front view Connect to current inputs of the protection relay
Connect the relays’ trip contact to Binary Input 1 and the start signal to Binary Input 2.
Connect to voltage inputs of the protection relay
37
3.2.2 Starting Advanced Distance from the OCC
Start the OMICRON Control Center from the Start Page by clicking OP E N
EM P T Y DO C U M E N T. Insert Advanced Distance into the OCC document by
selecting the pull-down menu item IN S E R T | TE S T MO D U L E. . . |
O M I C R O N AD V A N C E D DI S T A N C E.
3.2.3 Setting up the Test Object
For configuration of your relay under test, the correspondingly named software function Test Object is used. Open Test Object on the pull-down menu item PA R A M E T E R S | TE S T OB J E C T. Alternatively, click the Test Object icon in
the toolbar. In Test Object browse, access and edit the test object parameters. A detailed description of Test Object and the closely related subject "XRIO" can be found in section 3 ”Setting up the Test Object” of the "Concept" manual, or in the online help under the --- Test Object --- entry of the table of contents.
Step 1: Define the distance protection parameters
Figure 3-5 shows the Distance Protection Parameters pages that are started by double-clicking "Distance" in the Test Object tree.
38
Step 2: Define the system settings
Figure 3-5:
System Settings page in the Distance
Protection Parameters
dialog box
1. Enter the Line angle (figure 3-5, no. 1).
2. Select the PTs to be connected on the busbar (2).
3. Select the CT starpoint to be connected on the line side (3). 4. Enter suitable tolerances for both time and impedance (4).
The larger of the absolute or relative values entered is used for the assessment.
Typical values for the time and impedance tolerance for a numerical relay are 5% for the relative impedance and 10% for the relative time tolerance. The absolute impedance tolerance should be set to 50 mΩ and the absolute time tolerance should be set to 2.5 cycles either way, i.e. 50 ms. 5. Set the grounding factor mode to "RN/RL and XN/XL" and enter the
values for RN/RL and XN/XL (5).
The numerical distance relays from Siemens use this entry mode. The distance relays from General Electric (GE) use X0/X1. All other relays use
the common k-factor which is the ratio of ground fault reach/phase fault reach. 1 2 5 6 7 8 3 4
39 The option "Separate Arc resistance" (6) is of relevance to the relays, which measure the component of line impedance separately to the component of arc resistance, which is a pure resistance to the left or right of the line angle. The arc resistance component is treated as a pure resistance. It is not compensated by the k factor for a ground fault. Presently the quadrilateral ground fault characteristic of the Schweitzer SEL 321 and all characteristics of the Alstom EPAC relay use this type of algorithm. Please refer to the On-line help for more details on this subject. 6. The option "Impedance correction 1A/Inom" (7) is of relevance only when testing 5A rated relays. Some manufacturers compensate the impedance measured for the nominal current of the CT. In this case, the option must be selected and the impedance is calculated from Z = V / I / Inom. In most cases the impedance is calculated from Z = V / I, in which case this option is not selected.
7. "Impedance in primary values" (8): The values entered are converted internally to secondary values using the PT and CT ratios entered in the device settings.
40
Step 3: Defining the zone settings
Figure 3-6:
Zone Settings page in the Distance
Protection Parameters
dialog box
1. Click NE W to define the first zone.
41
Figure 3-7:
Characteristic Editor for the test object parameters
3. Click the predefined shape for quadrilateral characteristics (fig. 3-7, 1). 4. Enter the settings for the first line element. The directional line in the fourth
quadrant: R = X = 0Ω; angle = -45°.
The line element selected is highlighted in the graphic.
Line elements are defined by an angle from the horizontal plus any point in the R/X plane through which the line passes. This point can either be entered in Cartesian or polar co-ordinates.
5. Enter the second line element, which is the resistive blinder: R = 1.25 Ω; X = 0 Ω; Angle = 90°.
Note: Always enter the line elements in a counter-clockwise fashion around the characteristic. Tip: draw the expected characteristic on paper before entering it into the software.
6. Enter the third line element, which is the reactive blinder: R = 0 Ω; X = 2.5 Ω; Angle = 0°.
7. Enter the fourth line element, which is the resistive blinder in the third quadrant: R = -1.25Ω; X = 0Ω; Angle = 90°.
8. Click O K .
42
Figure 3-8:
Zone Settings page in the Distance
Protection Parameters
dialog box.
The zone settings for the first zone and the tripping zones are entered
9. Copy this zone five times:
- Select the zone by clicking the row selection button (most left-hand column, figure 3-8, 1).
- Right click anywhere in the table and Select CO P Y. - Right click again and select AP P E N D CO P I E D ZO N E S. 10.Define the zone and fault loop for Zone 1 L-L:
- Define the "Fault loop" of the first zone to "L-L" (2).
When clicking the field, a drop-down menu appears from which "L-L" can be selected.
- Define the "Zone" name for the first zone to "Z1" (3) by clicking the field and using the drop-down menu.
11.Repeat for Z1 L-N, Z2 L-L, Z2 L-N, Z3 L-L, and Z3 L-N. 12.For each zone:
- Edit the R and X settings for the second, third, and fourth line element (Repeat steps 5 to 7).
- Specify the relevant trip time for each zone (4).
3 2
1
43 13.Enter the starting zone by adding a "New" zone:
- Select "Type" to "Starting". - Define "Fault loop" to "L-L". - Define "Zone" to "ZS1". - Define a trip time of 3s. 14.Edit characteristic:
- Line 1: R = 0 Ω; X = -2.5 Ω; Angle = 0°. - Line 2: R = 6 Ω; X = 0 Ω; Angle = 90°. - Line 3: R = 0 Ω; X = 12 Ω; Angle = 0°. - Line 4: R = -6 Ω; X = 0 Ω; Angle = 90°.
15.Copy this zone and amend settings for the L-N element: - Fault loop = "L-N".
- Zone = "ZS1"
- Line 2: R = 12 Ω; X = 0 Ω; Angle = 90°. - Line 4: R = -12 Ω; X = 0 Ω; Angle = 90°.
Figure 3-9:
Standard page for the zone settings. All zone settings entered
44
3.2.4 Configuring
the
Hardware
Specify the hardware configuration according to the wiring described in section 3.2.1 ”Wiring Between Protection Relay and CMC”.
A detailed description of the Hardware Configuration can be found in the "Concept" manual’s section 4 ”Setting Up the Test Hardware”, or in the online help under the --- Hardware Configuration --- entry of the table of contents.
3.2.5 Defining
the
Test
Step 1: Inserting an Advanced Distance test module into the
test document
Position the cursor in the test document where the Advanced Distance test module is to be inserted (e.g. between hardware configuration and the test conclusion).
1. Click the AD V A N C E D DI S T A N C E icon in the test modules tool bar or
2. select IN S E R T | TE S T MO D U L E and then "OMICRON Advanced
Distance".
Step 2: Defining the trigger conditions
1. Click the Trigger tab in the Advanced Distance Test View. 2. Ensure that the trigger condition for the "Trip" signal is set to "1".
Note, that only the binary inputs as selected in the hardware configuration are enabled.
Note: When testing the relay with a single pole tripping scheme, the phase selective tripping signals for each phase (i.e. Trip A, Trip B and Trip C) have to be monitored. In this case ensure that the trigger condition for each trip signal is set to "1" and that the trigger logic is set to "OR".
Figure 3-10: Defining the trigger conditions
45
Step 3: Defining the test settings
Figure 3-11: Test settings page
1. Specify the test model "Constant test current" with a test current of 2A. Please refer to the online help for more detailed information on the test models available.
2. Specify the fault inception mode as "random" with "DC-Offset" cleared. Again refer to the online help for more detailed information on this function. 3. Specify the test times:
- Prefault = 0.5 s - Max. fault time = 4 s
Ensure that the maximum fault time is set longer than the slowest tripping element of the relay.
- Postfault = 0.1 s
This setting might have to be increased for electromechanical relays, to allow the relay to reset properly and to cool down.
3
2 1
46
Step 4: Defining a Shot Test
1. Click the Shot Test tab in the Advanced Distance Test View. Single fault shots can be entered in one of the following ways: - Numerically as absolute impedance.
a) Enter the impedance either in polar (|Z| and phi) or in rectangular (R and X) format.
b) Click AD D to add the shot to the list of test points of the selected fault type or AD D TO. . . to add the shot to a selection of fault types.
- (or) Numerically and relative to a zone reach. a) De-select the "Absolute" selection box.
b) Select the zone relative to which the impedance should be specified, e.g. Z1.
c) Enter the percentage of zone reach required, e.g. 90%. d) Click AD D or AD D TO. . . .
- (or) Graphically in the impedance plane.
a) Point with the mouse at the required impedance.
b) Press <Ctrl> and click with the left mouse button (or right click and select AD D SH O T) to add this shot to the list of test points. c) Press <Shift> and click with the left mouse button (or right click and
select EX E C U T E SH O T) to immediately execute a single shot. 2. Specify the angle of the line (60°) for Phi.
3. De-select "Absolute".
4. Select Z 1 on the "Zone" drop-down menu. 5. Specify the relative impedance required (50%). 6. Click AD D TO. . . .
7. Select "All". 8. Click O K .
Note: The color of the fault tabs at the bottom of the test point table indicate that test points have been added to each fault loop, thus all are shaded dark gray.
47 The column width of the test point table can be adjusted by dragging the split bar in the column header.
Figure 3-12: Shot Test View
48
Step 5: Defining a Check Test
1. Click the Check Test tab in the Advanced Distance Test View.
A check line consists of the origin point, a test angle, and the length of a test line. This can be defined in one of the following ways:
– Numerically as absolute impedance.
a) Enter the impedance of the origin point either in polar (|Z| and phi) or in rectangular (R and X) format.
b) Enter the test angle.
c) Enter the length of the test line in Ω. The length of the test line can also be specified relative to a zone reach by de-selecting the "Absolute" option, e.g., 120% of the starter zone.
d) Click AD D or AD D TO. . . .
– (or) Graphically in the impedance plane. a) Point at the impedance for the origin point.
b) To add a test line to the test list, press <Ctrl>, press the left mouse button, and drag a test line at the required angle and length. c) To execute a single Check Test, press <Shift> and the left mouse
button and drag a test line at the required angle and length. The test starts as soon as the left mouse button is released.
2. Enter 0 Ω for the origin point. 3. Enter 90° for the check line angle. 4. De-select "Absolute".
5. Select 120% of the "ZS1" zone. 6. Click AD D TO. . . .
7. Select "All". 8. Click O K .
9. Repeat for a check line angle of 0°.
Note: The program automatically places shots at both the lower and upper reach tolerance limit. If these two shots are OK, the Check Test is passed, because it can be assumed that the reach is somewhere within the tolerance limits.
A sequence of test lines at uniform test angle steps, e.g. from 0° to 90° at 30° step can be specified by clicking the SE Q U E N C E. . . . button.
49
Figure 3-13: Check Test View
Step 6: Defining a Search Test
1. Click the Search Test tab in the Advanced Distance Test View.
Defining test lines for a Search Test is conducted in exactly the same way as for a Check Test. The only difference lies in the way the actual test is performed and the results presented. In a Search Test, the software searches for the exact border between two zones by applying a modified bisection algorithm starting from the theoretical reach and moving outwards. 2. Enter 0 Ω for the origin point.
3. Enter the angle of the line (60°) as the search line angle. 4. Clear "Absolute".
5. Select 120% of the "ZS1" zone. 6. Click AD D TO. . . .
7. Select "A-N" and "B-C". 8. Click O K .
50
10.Check the settings for the "Search resolution".
The search resolution is the accuracy to which a reach is to be determined. It is entered either as a relative value or as an absolute value. The test is terminated as soon as two neighboring test points in different zones are separated by less than either of these two settings.
Note: This test executes a significant number of test shots to a relay. This might strain the relay unneccessarily, especially in case of an
electromechanical relay. Be careful and do not specify too many search lines!
Figure 3-14: Search Test View
51
3.2.6 Running
the
Test
A test is only possible, if no results are present. If necessary, clear the results by clicking the toolbar icon or select TE S T | CL E A R.
Select TE S T | ST A R T/ CO N T I N U E or click the repective toolbar icon. The test can also be run from the Control Center by clicking the start icon in the OCC or selecting TE S T | ST A R T.
This executes all shot, check, and Search Tests specified consecutively. The test results are shown in terms of the actual trip time ("tact" column) and an assessment. The assessment states whether the test was within the specified tolerance limits ("Status" column).
3.2.7 Defining the Test Report Format
Select PA R A M E T E R S | RE P O R T. A dialog box appears where you can define the scope of the report.
A detailed description about defining test reports can be found in the "Concept" manual’s section 5.2 ”Test Reports”, or in the online help under the --- Test Reports --- entry of the table of contents.
52
3.2.8 View
Options
In addition to the impedance plane (or R/X view) in the Test View, the following views are available in Advanced Distance:
Z/t diagram
In this view, the trip time is plotted vs. impedance for any specified test line. The stepped time grading characteristic of the relay can clearly be seen. The impedance and time tolerance bands can also be identified.
Tests can be executed from this view graphically in the same way as for a Shot Test.
Figure 3-15: Z/t diagram
53
VI monitor (natural phase quantities)
This view displays the calculated and injected phase voltages and currents for a specified test point. This view is "read only". The displayed values cannot be edited.
Figure 3-16: V/I monitor (natural)
VI monitor (symmetrical components)
This view displays the symmetrical components for the A phase voltage and current for the specified test point. This view is also "read only".
Figure 3-17: V/I monitor (symmetrical)
54
Time Signal View
This view displays the voltage and current quantities plotted vs. time. This option is only available after a test has been executed.
The time signal display can be zoomed and signals / diagrams shown can be switched off via the properties sheet (right click anywhere in the Time Signal View window). For more details on these options, please refer to the example of the Advanced TransPlay module.
Figure 3-18: Time Signal View
55
3.3 CB Configuration Example with Advanced
Distance Module
Task
A Distance relay requires the circuit breaker status to perform correctly.
Solution
The test set CMC 256 offers a CB simulation, which emulates the action of the auxiliary contacts (52a / 52b) of a circuit breaker during tripping and closing. The test Module CB Configuration is used to set up the parameters and the mode of operation for this CB simulation. Its intended use is for protection testing, whre certain relays need feedback from a CB for proper operation of the protection function.
The Advanced Distance test module serves to test the impedance measurement function of distance relays. This module models the transmission line protected by a distance relay. It is recommended that this module be used to test the distance function. A manual test of this function is possible, but can prove to be very laborious and time consuming.
Individual fault shots can be placed anywhere in the impedance plane with the single shot. The check test places shots at the impedance tolerance limits of each zone to verify that the reach is within the tolerance limits. The exact reach can be determined with the search test.
Because an automatic test should be carried out, use the OMICRON Control
Center so that the test can then be integrated with the tests for all the auxiliary
functions of a distance relay (e.g., Fusefail [or LOP], Manual Close [or SOTF], Auto-reclose, Powerswing detection, etc.).
The Advanced Distance module could also be used stand-alone.
9
56
3.3.1 Wiring Between Relay and CMC
1. Connect the voltage inputs of the relay to the corresponding voltage outputs of the CMC.
2. Connect the current inputs of the relay to the corresponding current outputs of the CMC. Ensure that the current "outputs" of the relay, i.e. the output side of the current transformers, are connected together in a starpoint.
3. Connect the trip signal of the relay to binary input 1 and the close signal from the Close Control Switch on the protection panel to binary input 2 of the CMC.
3.3.2 Starting the OMICRON Control Center
Start the OMICRON Control Center from the Start Page by clicking OP E N
EM P T Y DO C U M E N T.
3.3.3 Setting up the Test Object
For configuration of your relay under test, the correspondingly named software function Test Object is used. Open Test Object with the pull-down menu item IN S E R T | TE S T OB J E C T. Alternatively, click the Test Object toolbar icon. In
Test Object browse, access and edit the test object parameters.
A detailed description of Test Object and the closely related subject "XRIO" can be found in section 3 ”Setting up the Test Object” of the "Concept" manual, or in the online help under the --- Test Object --- entry of the table of contents. Import an existing RIO or XRIO file by selecting FI L E | IM P O R T, or add the
test object function "Distance" and define the distance protection-specific parameters as described in detail in ”Step 1: Define the distance protection parameters” on page 37 of this manual.
3.3.4 Configuring
the
Hardware
Specify the hardware configuration according to the wiring described in section 3.3.1 ”Wiring Between Relay and CMC”.
A detailed description of the Hardware Configuration can be found in the "Concept" manual’s section 4 ”Setting Up the Test Hardware”, or in the online help under the --- Hardware Configuration --- entry of the table of contents.
57
3.3.5 Inserting the CB Configuration Module
1. Click the C B CO N F I G U R A T I O N icon in the test modules tool bar or 2. select IN S E R T | TE S T MO D U L E and then select "OMICRON CB
Configuration".
Defining the binary inputs and outputs for the CB simulation
1. Select PA R A M E T E R S | HA R D W A R E CO N F I G U R A T I O N in the CBConfiguration Module.
2. For the CB Configuration a ’Trip’ and ’Close CMD’ must be assigned to the binary inputs. For this example the ’Trip’ will be connected to the distance relay trip output and the ’Close CMD’ to the close control switch of the protection panel - Figure 3-19.
3. The binary outputs must also be confederated to provide the distance relay with the CB status - Figure 3-20.
Figure 3-19: Binary Inputs
Figure 3-20: Binary Outputs
58
Defining the CB condition
1. Click the "Test View".2. Select the "Initial State" of the circuit breaker (CB). If selected "Closed" the CB will be simulated closed via the Binary outputs configured as soon as the module is executed and the same with the "Open" selection.
3. Select "Simulation Active".
4. The CB can be set to return to the "Initial State" after a set period, this is helpful when a "Close CMD" is not available.
5. To edit the "Trip" and "Close" time delay period, select
PA R A M E T E R S | TE S T OB J E C T, click "CB Simulation" and edit the times in the fields displayed. For more information refer to the online help.
6. The module can now be closed by selecting FI L E | EX I T & R E T U R N T O
* .O C C.
Figure 3-21:
CB Configuration Test View
59
3.3.6 Inserting an Advanced Distance Module
1. Click the AD V A N C E D DI S T A N C E icon in the test modules tool bar, or
2. select IN S E R T | TE S T MO D U L E and then select OMICRON Advanced
Distance.
3. Add a shot as described in section ”Step 4: Defining a Shot Test” on page 46 of this manual.
4. Close the module and return to the Control Center document.
5. Run the complete test procedure by selecting the "Test All" button. The
CB Configuration test module will set the CB simulation.
6. Then perform the shot test as defined in the Advance Distance module.
Figure 3-22: OCC Document
