FCE Use of English B2 Teacher´s Book

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E. MOUTSOU

Use

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Use of English B2 for all exams

E. M outsou

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M M Publications

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Produced in the EU

C 1 103001307-5240 C 1 103002007-5239

Use

of English B2

for the FCE Examination and other exams is intended fo r B2 level students. It system atically eaches gram m ar and vocabulary and prepares students th o ro u g h ly fo r all exams.

" i e FCE Use of English Paper contains fo u r parts and lasts 45 m inutes. The task types and the num ber of questions in each part are presented in the fo llo w in g table.

PART TASK TYPE NUMBER OF QUESTIONS/MARKS

1 Multiple-choice cloze 12 (one mark per question)

2 Open cloze 12 (one mark per question)

3 Word formation 10 (one mark per question)

4 Key word transformation 8 (two marks per question)

This b o o k is d iv id e d in to 15 u nits, fo llo w e d by a Final FCE Test and a Final ECCE Test.

~ne v o c a b u la ry and g ra m m a r ta u g h t has been d is trib u te d in 12 u n its (U n its 1-4, 6-9 and 11-14), each o f w h ich is d iv id e d in to tw o sections. In th e firs t se ctio n , in u n its 1,3, 6, 8,11,13 th e re is a se le c tio n o f c o llo c a tio n s and expressions, w h ile in u n its 2 ,4 , 7,9,12,1 4 th e re is a se le c tio n o f p re p o s itio n a l phrases. Phrasal verbs, w o rd s

ith p re p o sitio n s, g ra m m a tic a l s tru c tu re s and key w o rd tra n s fo rm a tio n s are p re se n te d and p ra ctise d in all 12 - n its . This se ctio n ends w ith tw o exercises w h ic h are s im ila r in fo rm a t to tasks in th e FCE Use o f English paper and ECCE G ram m ar and V o c a b u la ry sections, b u t w h ic h te s t o n ly th e ite m s ta u g h t in th e c o rre s p o n d in g un it.

In th e second se ctio n , a n u m b e r o f g ro u p s o f ea sily co n fu se d w o rd s and d e riv a tiv e s are p re se n te d and practised, fo llo w e d by tw o exercises w h ic h te s t o n ly th e item s ta u g h t in th e c o rre s p o n d in g u n it.

U nits 5,10 and 15 are c o n s o lid a tio n u n its w h ic h revise th e m a te ria l p re v io u s ly ta u g h t. Each o f th e m is a c tu a lly a co m p le te Use o f English P ractice Test fo llo w in g th e e xa ct fo rm a t o f th e FCE/ECCE e xa m in a tio n s, b u t te s tin g o n ly th e ite m s ta u g h t in th e fo u r u n its p re ce d in g it.

The Final FCE Test and Final ECCE Test are m o d e lle d on th e C a m b rid g e Use o f English Paper and on th e G ram m ar and V o c a b u la ry se ctio n s o f th e U n iv e rs ity o f M ich ig a n E xa m in a tio n fo r th e ECCE.

The re fe re n ce se ctio n at th e end o f th e b o o k in clu d e s an o v e rv ie w o f English G ram m ar, v o c a b u la ry notes w ith d e fin itio n s o f e asily co n fu se d w ords, exam tip s and th re e a ppen dices. These a p p e n d ice s a lp h a b e tic a lly present p re p o s itio n a l phrases, w o rd s w ith p re p o s itio n s and d e riva tive s.

The Teacher’s B ook co n sists o f tw o sections. The fir s t se c tio n is th e S tu d e n t's Book w ith th e answ ers o v e rp rin te d . The second se ctio n in clu d e s notes fo r th e te a c h e r and th re e p h o to c o p ia b le Revision Tests w ith Key.

Section 1

Section 2

U N I T 1 p. 6

Collocations of the type noun+of+noun Collocations w ith go, come, reach, get

Phrasal verbs with come, goand be Words with prepositions (miscellaneous) Grammar Review: Tenses

Words easily confused (mainly related to the topics of w ork and employment)

Introduction to Derivatives

UNIT 2

p. 16

Prepositional phrases of tim e and place _{Phrasal verbs w ith get, p u lland throw}

Words with prepositions (miscellaneous) Grammar Review: Relative Clauses-Clauses of Time

Words easily confused (mainly related to the topics of time and viewing)

Adjectives in -ful, -less and nouns in -ship deriving from noun roots

UNIT 3

p. 26

Expressions w ith day, year and time _{Collocations w ith hold, run, catchand keep}

Phrasal verbs w ith look, check, watchand

show

Words w ith prepositions (miscellaneous) Grammar Review: Adverbs-Comparisons- Articles-Uncountables

Words easily confused (mainly related to the topics of people and education)

Adjectives in -al, -y, -ous, -ly (+adverbs) and nouns in -hood deriving from noun roots

UNIT 4

p. 36

Prepositional phrases (miscellaneous) _{Phrasal verbs w ith keep, hold, catch, carry,}

wear, workand move

Words with prepositions (miscellaneous) Grammar Review: Determiners-Pronouns

Words easily confused (mainly related to the topics of travel and tourism)

Adjectives in -ic, -ical, verbs in -ise and nouns in -ist, -ian, -dom deriving from noun roots

UNIT 5

p , 4 6 Consolidation I (Units 1-4)

UNIT 6 P.

so

Collocations with doCollocations with break, change, cut, turn and make and draw

Adverbial expressions

Phrasal verbs w ith make, do, grow, pass, fill and leave

Words with prepositions (miscellaneous) Grammar Review: Infinitive /-ing form

UNIT 7

p. 60

Prepositional phrases (miscellaneous), _{linking phrases}

Phrasal verbs with break, burn, cutand turn Words w ith prepositions (miscellaneous) Grammar Review: Modal Verbs

UNIT 8

p. 70

Collocations with leave, put, set, shake, miss and lose Collocations/Expressions w ith way

Sentence linkers

Phrasal verbs w ith put, lay, set, settle Words w ith prepositions (miscellaneous) Grammar Review: Passive Voice

UNIT 9 P.

so

Prepositional phrases (miscellaneous) _{Phrasal verbs with mix, run, hang, fall, hurry} and try

Words with prepositions (miscellaneous) Grammar Review: Pronouns-Causative Form

Words easily confused (mainly related to the topic of money)

Common negative prefixes

Words easily confused (mainly related to the topic of thinking)

Verbs in -en and nouns in -ness, -nee, -ncy, -cy deriving from adjective roots

Words easily confused (mainly related to the topic of communication)

Verbs in -ise and nouns in -ity, -hood deriving from adjective roots

Words easily confused (miscellaneous) Inflections of nouns, adjectives, adverbs and verbs

Section 1

Section 2

UNIT 10

p .

90

Consolidation II (Units 6-9)

UNIT 11 p.

94

Collocations with follow, have, take, give,

pay, b ringand mind

Phrasal verbs with take, close, knock, clean,

clearand drop

Words with prepositions (miscellaneous) Grammar Review: Clauses of concession, reason, purpose and result

Words easily confused (mainly related to the topics of crime and punishment)

Adjectives in -able, -ible, -ent, -ant and nouns in -ery, -ence, -ance, -ant deriving from verb roots

UNIT 12 p.

104

Prepositional phrases (miscellaneous) Phrasal verbs with bring, give, hand, burst and blow

Words w ith prepositions (miscellaneous) Grammar Review: Conditionals

Words easily confused (mainly related to the topics of health and illness)

Nouns in -ion, -ation, adjectives in -ive, -ative and nouns in -al deriving from verb roots

UNIT 13 p.

114

Adjective + Noun Collocations Collocations with sayand tell Idiomatic expressions with all Phrasal verbs with lie, stand, sit, save,

dress, pay, end, point, lockand let Words with prepositions (miscellaneous) Grammar Review: Unreal Past

Words easily confused (miscellaneous) Nouns in -ment, -ure, -er, or and -ee deriving from verb roots

UNIT 14 p.

124

Prepositional phrases (miscellaneous) Phrasal verbs with call, speak, telland count Words w ith prepositions (miscellaneous) Grammar Review: Reported Speech

Words easily confused (miscellaneous) Irregular Derivatives

Adjectives and nouns deriving from the name of a country or continent

Adverbs and pronouns ending in -body, -one, -thing,

-where, -how, -ever and -self

UNIT 15

p .

134

Consolidation III (Units 11-14)

Final FCE Test ...138

Final ECCE Test ...142

Grammar R e v i e w ... ...147

Vocabulary N o t e s ...

...

165

Exam T i p s

...

... 171

Appendix I: Prepositional P h ra s e s ...... 173

Appendix II: Words with Prepositions...... 174

Appendix III: Derivatives...... 176

Teacher’s Notes

...

...

185

Revision Test 1

...

...

186

Revision Test I I

...

... 190

Revision Test III

...

...

194

Collocations/Expressions

A

Complete the blanks with the verbs go, come, reach or get. get reach come get get better a decision to terms with into trouble dark go/get get get get come to sleep rid of ready the sack in handy get go reach get get revenge red an agreement lost the job get get get go get on sb’s nerves off sb’s back down to business over the top even with

B

Complete the sentences with the collocations / expressions in the box below. Use each one only once.

in somebody’s shoes on top of in search of on the safe side in charge of in trouble with

1 Mr Johnson is in charge of ____the company’s marketing department.

2 People who system atically cheat the tax system will one day b e ________ in trouble with the Tax Department. on the safe side

3 The doctor insisted that I should be given a thorough check-up just to be __ 4 The children wandered around the neighbourhood __________in search of

5 Nobody would want to b e __________ in his shoes_________ _ pot with all those debts he has to pay off. their lost dog.

6 After weeks of hard work, Kevin was confident he was finally on top of _{the situation.}

C

Complete the collocations b e lo w with the w ords in the box. You may use some of the w ords more than once. In some cases m ore than one w ord may be correct.

bar bunch can clap flash flock pair pint set sheet swarm tube pair

flash

of pyjamas of lightning a pint/can of beer a set of traffic lights a bunch of flowers sheet bar of paper .o f soap pair of sunglasses flock of birds tube of toothpaste pair flock of scissors of sheep set of rules claP of thunder swarm of bees

Read the sentences on the left and match the phrasal verbs with their definitions on the right b y writing the correct num ber in the box next to each definition.

A

COME

1 While cleaning the basement, I came across something I thought I had lost years ago.

2 Joe cam e into a lot of money, which changed his life completely. 3 Why doesn’t Julie come round to our place anymore?

4 The scientists took months to come up with a solution to their problem. 5 Richard came down with a bad cold the day before his exams.

6 It took the woman a few minutes tocom e round/to after she had fainted.

3 stop by, visit 2 inherit 1 find by chance 6 regain consciousness 5 betaken ill with 4 think of and suggest

unit

0 1

move / travel around, visit match

explode start sth continue doing

turn sour, start to decay examine / discuss in detail suffer

happen

Words with Prepositions

B GO

1 They decided to go ahead w ith th e ir trip despite the bad w eather conditions. 2 Once you have finished cleaning, you can g o o n w ith yo ur job.

3 The d o cto r w anted to go over the test results w ith his patient. 4 That tie goeswith yo ur suit nicely.

5 Luckily no one was injured w hen the bom b went off.

6 W hile visiting Rome, we went round all the m ajor archaeological sites. 7 The child went through a lo t before recovering com pletely.

8 The m ilk went off a fte r o nly an hour in the scorching heat. 9 W hat’s going on in there? Open the door!

C

BE

1 What's on this weekend at the theatre?

2 We were prom ised th a t the hard tim es w ould be over soon. 3 I was about to leave home w hen some unexpected visitors arrived. 4 I'm for the m ayor's plan to relocate the tow n hall.

5 W hat are the boys up to? Don’t te ll me th e y ’re ruinin g the garden again! 6 I m ust be off now. My parents are expecting me fo r dinner.

A

Complete the blanks with

prepositions.

Adjectives Nouns Verbs

excellent at an answer associate w i t h praise sb f o r _sth

experienced in an exDert o n / i n / a t concentrate o n sth provide sb w i t h _sth happv for sb (take)D ride in conaratulate sb o n sth provide sth f o r _sb h a o D V w i t h / a b o u t s t h _{a reDlv t0} cooperate w ith sb succeed in

D r o u d ° f a reDort on deal w i t h supply sb w i t h sth

respected for an o p p o rtu n ity include 'n supply sth t o _sb

responsible f o r

G Read the following sentences and complete them with

prepositions.

1 C ongratulations Rodney! I'm so happy for you and yo ur wife.

2 I w ould be m ore than happy to provide you with o ur com pany's catalogue.

3 We supply all m ajor com panies with our products.

4 She takes great pride in her w ork. That's w hy she's the best in her field.

5 The gove rn m e nt w ill provide housing for the homeless.

6 You shouldn't be proud of yourself. W hat you did was w rong!

7 The gove rn m e nt supplied food and m edicine to the victim s of the hurricane.

unit 0 1

Grammar Revision (Tenses)

See Grammar Review page 147 ^

Read the text below and complete each blank with

one

word. All missing words are auxiliary verbs (is, was, have, has, had, do, does, did etc.).

My life (1 )__________has__________ im proved a lo t since last year. You see, before th a t I ( 2 ) __________ _____________ been w orking in the same jo b fo r five years and I ( 3 ) __________was__________ beginning to feel rather bored. I ( 4 ) __________ was

g e ttin g ready to apply fo r another jo b w hen one day my boss called me into her office. "Our com pany ( 5 ) _________ __________ planning to expand overseas," she said. "We ( 6 ) ___________^ __________ w ith Spain, th erefore we w ill ( 7 ) ___________be

branch there. ( 8 ) ________ ^

th in k in g of starting needing some of o ur best em ployees to su p p o rt o ur new

the tim e I (9) did

you th in k you w ould be interested in a transfer?" N aturally I accepted, a lthough at _ not know th at th ey ( 1 0 ) _________ ______________also going to prom ote me to assistant manager.

By the end of this m onth, I w ill have (11)

exciting m y life (1 2 )__________ has

been _{living in M adrid fo r a year. You can't im agine how} become.

B

Put the verbs in brackets into the

Past Simple, Past Progressive, Present Perfect Simple

or

Present Perfect

Progressive

and complete the boxes with the

time words

below. Use each time word only once.

fo r w hile yet still w hen ago already since

While was cooking

Mary was having

When

_ (have) a bath yesterday evening, I was in the kitchen. (cook) her fa vo u rite dish because I ________ wanted________ (want) to surprise her.

s h e ________ came__________ (com e) into the kitchen, she co u ld n 't believe her eyes!

2 Jim: Mum. I ° iafen lo oking (look) for m y black belt

I stj|| haven’t found

seen

for

(not fin d) i t . . Have

the past hou r and ________ you

Mother: No, but I th in k you

(see) it anywhere?

Ie ri__________ (lend) it to your b ro the r about a week ago

Jim: Oh, yo u ’re rig h t. He hasn't ciyen/didrrc give (n o t g (ve) jt back to me. I bet he nas been wearing (wear)

it all week. Where is he now, Mum? Mother: I'm afraid M a rk ___

H e __________90t

has _already left _.(leave).

.(g e t) up about an hour before you . did . (do).

3 | have been w orking (w ork) on this p ro je ct haven’t finished

I

(no t finish) it yet

this m orning but . What am I going to te ll m y boss?

& M y sister loves cats. /

She loves cats. /

M y s is t e r s h e lo v e s c a t s .

(Only one subject in each sentence.)

$> There is a b o o k o n the table. It is Susan’s.

(Use there when m entioning sth fo r the firs t time. Use it fo r sth already mentioned.)

€> T h ey don't have a car. / (have = own) T h ey haven't got a car. / (have got = own)

They haven't a car.

® H e has a bath e v e ry morning. / (have = take) H e doesn’t have a bath e v e ry m orning. J

H e has- got a bath e v e ry moTning.

® Jam es didn't use to sm oke so m uch. / Jam es didn't used to s m o k e s o m u e h . (did/didn’t + bare infinitive)

& I do speak French. / (emphasis) H e does eat snails. /

T h e y did bu y a house. / W e did saw the thief.

(do/does/did + bare infinitive)

She has gone to Italy. (She is s till there.) She has been to Italy. (She has returned.)

I bought this bik e tw o y ea rs ago. /

(Past Simple + ago)

I- h a v e & o u g h tth is bik e -two y e a rs ago. I b o u g h tth is b tk e t w o y e a r s b e fo r e . I have had this bik e for tw o years. / (Present P erfect+fo r)

Ib a v e th i-sb ik e -lo rtw o y e a r-s.— - I have had this bik e since 1998. / (Present Perfect + since + time)

I have had this bik e since I w as sixteen. / (Present Perfect + since + Past Simple)

I have-had this-bike since two years ago. »

(Only one tim e word in each sentence.)

I haven't studied for a w eek , (refers to the past: The last time I studiedw as a week ago.)

I have to study for a w eek, (refers to the future: I must study fo ra week before I do sth else.)

I haven't eaten spaghetti for six months. / Ih avetoeatspagh ettiforsixm on th s-.

Key Transformations

I h a v e n e v e r b e e n to M alta before.

It is the first tim e I h a v e ev e r b e e n to Malta. I h a d n e v e r b e e n to M alta before.

It w a s the first tim e I h a d e v e r b e e n to Malta. W h e n d id h e start working?

H o w long h as h e b e e n working?

H o w long is it since h e started working?

& T h e last tim e I s a w h er w a s a y e a r ago. I last sa w h er a y e a r ago.

I h a v e n ’t seen h e r for a year.

It has b e e n a y e a r since I last s a w her. It is a y e a r since I last sa w her.

unit 0 1

Examination Practice

A Read the text b e lo w and think of the w ord which best fits each space. Use only one w ord in each space.

MONGY

There is no d o u b t th a t money, in the fo rm th a t we know it today, (1). w hat keeps m odern econom ic life fu n ctio n in g . Yet, th ro u g h o u t history, money, in w hatever form , has provided people (2 )_________ with__________ the a b ility to buy (3 )_________ and/or_________sell goods.

Thousands o f years ( 4 ) __________ ago__________ , civilisations ( 5 )__________ used_________ to rely on the barter system as a way of exchanging goods. W ithin this system a person had to exchange one thing fo r another. This m eant th a t the tw o parties involved had to ( 6 ) ______ make/reach_______ an agreem ent as to w hat th e y th o u g h t th e ir products were w orth. Items such (7 )__________ as___________wheat, tobacco and livestock have all been used as m oney at one tim e or another. It was not u ntil much later th a t hum ans came up ( 8 ) _________ with__________ the idea o f m oney in the fo rm of m etal coins. So w hy ( 9 ) __________did___________the barter system com e to an end? The answer is simple. Coins were m uch easier to handle and ca rry around. Since then, the use of coins has become widespread. It has made com m erce sim pler and has given countries an o p p o rtu n ity (1 0 )__________ _____________developm ent by doing business w ith o the r countries fu rth e r afield, w hich they (11)__________ h^d__________ never done business w ith before.

In recent years, paper m oney has become m ore com m on all over the w orld, as it is easier to use. It (12)__________ ^ __________ not be long, however, before plastic cards take over com pletely, replacing coins and paper money.

6 Complete the second sentence so that it has a sim ilar m eaning to the first sentence, using the w ord given unchanged. You must use betw een two and five words, including the w ord given.

1 We last w ent abroad a long tim e ago.

n o t yye have not been abroad for _{a long tim e.} When did th ey s ta rt living in the suburbs?

have How long have they been living _{in the suburbs?}

It's the firs t tim e she has ever had problem s w ith the authorities.

trouble She has never had trouble

4 When Carl was young, he w en t to a holiday cam p e very summer,

used When Carl was young, h e __________________used to go to

w ith the a uth orities before.

. a holiday camp every summer. 5 A fter the earthquake, the gove rn m e nt supplied food and m edicine to the homeless,

provided A fter the earthquake, the g o v e rn m e n t_______provided the homeless with_____ 6 Lucy hasn't visited me since February.

was The la s t_______________ tim e Lucy visited me was__________________ in February.

.fo o d and m edicine.

How long has he had this car?

bought How lo n g _________ is it since he bought this car?

8 I haven't caught a cold fo r ages,

unit

0 1

Words easily confused

Use the correct form of the words in the boxes to complete the sentences in each group A-H below. You may use some of the words more than once. In some cases, more than one word may be correct.

jo b occupation w ork e m p lo ym en t profession 1 People in the m e d ic a l______ profession

2 In o rder to get a ( n ) _________ 12^______

w ork long hours.

w ork

as a co m p ute r analyst, you need a degree in c o m p ute r science. __since January.

3 Betty has been o u t o f ____

- Employment______ agencies help people fin d w o rk in th e ir field.

5 I was asked to w rite m y present occupation______ __ on the a p p lica tion form .

B

task course d u ty

1 They were set the 2 It is a n u rs e 's ___

task _{o f cleaning the room afte r the m eeting.} duty ______ to make the patients feel com fortable.

3 Her marks are quite high, so she can choose between a m edical o r a la w ________ course at university.

em p lo ye r em ployee colleague assistant clerk o ffic e r a tte nd an t 1 The shop assistant

2 The car park 3 All

___ helped me choose a ju m p e r th a t suited me. attendant_______ js responsible fo r parking cu stom ers’ cars. employees_______ are expected to be at w o rk by 8.30. O u r ________ em ployer 4 Jill w orked as a ( n ) _________clerk_______

5 All m y ______ colleagues_______ at the office are friendly.

fo r a law firm before entering politics.

6 Bob is a senior officer in the arm ed forces.

insists on it.

D p a rty crew sta ff 1 A m em ber o f a p o litic a l______

2

The teaching

3

The search _

4

The s h ip 's __ staff party crew

party _{gave a speech in the tow n centre last night.} at our school have form ed a basketball team.

_ had no luck in fin d in g the m issing child, served drinks as the ship set sail.

aim goal intention challenge success a m b itio n

challenge _{and to o k me over an hour to solve.}

1

The Maths problem was a ( n ) ___

unit 0 1

3 People w ith am bition 4 Their firs t album was a great 5 I have no intention

w ill always try to achieve th eir goals

success and sold tw o m illion copies w orldw ide. of changing my plans fo r to n ig h t.

achieve fu lfil cope

1 J o h n _______ succeeded________ jn co nvincin g his boss to give him the day off. 2 He doesn’t ________deal/cope________ w ith crisis situations ve ry well.

3 Despite his health problem s, J o e ________fulfilled___________his am b itio n to play in the local fo otba ll team. deal face succeed

4 The Johnstons are facing financial d iffic u ltie s a fte r Mrs Johnston lost her job. 5 Kim put a lo t of w o rk into her p ro je ct and

6 During his career as a teacher, he h a s ___

achieved _{excellent results.}

dealt _{w ith students from d iffe re n t backgrounds.}

m anage run operate undertake

1 You have to read the instru ction s ca re fully before y o u ______ operate 2 Brett co uldn 't fin d experienced staff so h e _________ ________________ 3 Kate was supposed t o _______undertake_________ tra in in g of the new staff.

4 The com pany is managed/run_______ by tw o people w ho share the responsibilities.

__________ the pho toco p yin g machine. his business on his own fo r a few months.

H

skills q ualities q ua lifica tio n s experience

1 To get the jo b you m ust have three years’ experience in te leco m m un icatio ns and the necessary qualifications _{., one o f w hich is a u n ive rsity degree.}

2 Leadership qualities __ are required by a Prime Minister, as w ell as c o m m u n ic a tio n . 3 Learning to w in d s u rf was a fa n ta s tic ______experience_________ |

skills

A

Look at the sentences below. What part of speech (verb, noun, adjective or adverb) is each of the words

in bold type?

unit 0 1

Each part of speech has a d iffe re n t fu n c tio n in the sentence. n u m describe actions, events, feelings o r situations.

(e.g. The tw o patterns differ from each other.)

refer to people, animals, things, actions, situations or ideas. (e.g. There is a difference between the tw o patterns.) 2 describe the qualities o f nouns.

(e.g. This pattern is different from th a t one.)

describe verbs, adjectives, o ther adverbs, phrases or w hole sentences, (e.g. The tw o patterns have been differently designed.)

JECTIVES

VERBS

A lot of English w ords can be used as roots fo r the fo rm a tio n of o ther words, w hich are called derivatives. Most adverbs, fo r instance, are form ed by adding the ending -ly to the root adjective.

careful 4 c a re fu lly te rrib le 4 te rrib ly d iffe re n t 4 d iffe re n tly

B Choose the correct word A, B or C to complete the following sentences.

• The zoo's main _________ attraction________ are the pandas. A a ttra c tiv e ly B a ttractive ( c )a ttra c tio n

2 The teacher w a s ___________angry__________w ith the stu de nt because he d id n ’t do his hom ew ork. A anger (B Jangry C a ng rily

3 Before I set o ff on my journey, my fa th e r to ld me to d r iv e ___________safely__________. A safe B safety (c )s a fe ly

4 What's t h e _________difference________ between increaseand decrease? A difference B d iffe re n tly C d iffe re n t

5 I hired a _______ photographer______ to take pictures at my wedding. A) p ho tographer B p h o tog rap hy C p hotographic 6 Despite his age, he leads an __________ active__________ life.

A a c tiv ity B acting ( ^ a c t iv e

7 She com pleted the p r o je c t ________ successfully_______ and was prom oted. A success (B )su cce ssfu lly C successful

C Read the sentences below and decide what part of speech is missing. Then, complete the sentences with the correct form of the words in capitals.

1 I love sittin g on my new sofa. It’s so (Part of speech: adjective_______ ) _____ com fortable COMFORT 2 She chose light-coloured fu rn itu re to (Part o f speech: ve|-b ) _brighten_____ ___ BRIGHT

up her dull flat.

3 It’s ce rta inly (Part of speech: adjective ) ______ dangerous tQ drjve gt hjgh speed DANGER 4 August is a (Part of speech: __ adjective ) peaceful m onth in o ur city, as PEACE

noun robber

unit O f

5 The (Part o f speech: _ stole £ 2 0 0 0 0 0 .

6 N obody could fin d the (Part o f speech:. d iffic u lt Maths problem .

7 Even th ou gh th ey had financial d ifficulties, th ey were (Part o f speech:. happily

held up the bank and

noun

___ m arried.

8 I feel ve ry (Part o f speech:_________adjective

)

sleepy some coffee.

Examination Practice

solution

to the

adverb

today. I th in k I’ll have

ROB

SOLVE

HAPPY

SLEEP

A

Read the text below and decide which answer A , B, C or D best fits each space.

F I N D I N G E M P L O Y M E N T

My firs t (1)^ job was as a sales (2)_ assistant I w anted to w ork part-tim e, because I was s till studying (3).

( 4 ) _________ able__________ to w ork a few nights a week.

at

I came (5). across the advertisem ent in the local newspaper. I rem em ber the in te rvie w as though

(6 ) I!___________ were yesterday. The personnel m anager sat behind a large desk. He asked me various questions w hich surprised me because all I w anted was to w ork in sales. An hour later, I was to ld th a t I had g o t the jo b and was given a co n tra ct to go (7 ) over_________ . I was to be trained fo r ten days before i to o k m y post. Also, as a m em ber of (8 ). s ta ff

I was e ntitle d to some benefits, including discounts.

When I eventually started, I was responsible (9)_ for

at a large d e p artm en t store. ___u n ive rsity and I was only

the to y section. I really enjoyed it there and I loved dem on stratin g the d iffe re n t toys. I was surprised at how frie n d ly m y (10) _

were, too. They made w orking there fun even when we had to (11)________deal with

colleagues custom ers who

(12) . got on o ur nerves. On the whole, w orking there was a great experience w hich I w ill never forget.

1 A occupation B job C w ork D em ploym ent

2 A em ployee B atte nd an t C o ffic e r (d) assistant

3 A in B on ( » a t D fo r

4 A excellent B able C proud D experienced

5 A across B into C on D round

6 ( A ) it B 1 C th a t D there

7 A on B over C ahead D w ith

8 (f i) sta ff B crew C team D party

9 A of B at C w ith D fo r

10 A assistants B staff ( C) colleagues D em ployees

11 A control (JB) deal w ith C manage D cooperate

12 A came B w ent © g o t D were

Complete the text below with the correct form of the words in capitals.

AN UNUSUAL OUTING

SUGGEST AMUSE FAVOUR NOISE NORMAL LUCK HELP APOLOGY ANGER DECIDE Last week I made a (1)_______ suggestion______ tQ m y C0USjn A |ex 0f f e rjng to

take him to an (2 )______ amusement______ park. He was ve ry excited because it was his (3 )_______ favourite________place. However, fro m the m om ent I picked him up, he was ve ry ( 4 ) _________ noisy__________ w hich surprised me since his behaviour was (5 )_______ normally________ ve ry d jfferent, At one point, w hile w aiting to get on a ride, he disappeared. ( 6 ) ________ Luckily_________ the manager, w ho was ve ry (7 )_________ helpful_________ found him an hour later am ongst a crowd. Apparently, Alex had seen a fam ous basketball player and w anted his autograph. He ( 8 ) ______ apologised_______ to me immecjiate ly but I was so ( 9 ) _________ angry_________at him th at we left. It was then th a t I made the (10 )________ decision________never to take Alex o u t again.

Prepositional Phrases

A Com plete the blanks with the prepositions in, on or at.

on a farm on the right/left in prison in a queue

at work in the North at/°n the back of at school

in town at 17 W alkley Road at the door in the suburbs

at university on the outskirts in the m ountains in rows/a row

in the country on an island at the crossroads in/on Park Avenue

B

Read the sentences and com plete them with the prepositions in,

on

or at.

1 My brother is working part-time at the hospital.

2 There is a TV set in the corner of the room. 3 Jam es sits at the front of the class.

4 They went on a boat ride on the river.

5 Hom eless people sleep in/ ° n the streets of most m ajor cities. 6 He had to stay in hospital for a w eek after his operation.

7 My girlfriend is waiting for me at/on the corner.

8 The robbers parked their car in front of the bank.

C

Read the sentences and com plete them with the prepositions in,

on,

at, by, for, from or

out.

1 You can hand in your assignm ents on Tuesday at the very latest.

2 A tattoo is for life. So, think carefully before deciding on having one done. 3 Kick-off is in twenty m inutes, so in the meantime, do your warm-up exercises.

4 ln the beginning, I didn’t want to have a party on/for my birthday, but now I’ve changed my mind. 5 Typewriters are already out of date.

6 You should read the introduction at the beginning of the book.

7

From now on, no one is allowed to enter the school building during the lunch break. 8 I haven’t seen Michael for aaes. so I’m going to visit him at the weekend.

9 It’s a pity I have to remain indoors on such a nice day.

10 I can ’t talk to you at the moment. Ring me back in______ a while.

11 It’s difficult to see the moon in the sky

by

day.

12 I’m really worried about Sam. He should have been here

by

now.

unit 0 2

2 escape 5 overcome 4 manage to live

1 have a good relationship 3 avoid being punished

3 get rid of sth unwanted

1 demolish

2 move closer to the side

of the road and stop (for

vehicles)

Words with Prepositions

Read the sentences on the left and match the phrasal verbs with their correct number in the box next to each definition.

A

GET

1

Joe was a fussy person and difficult to

get on / along with.

2 The police surrounded the building, making it difficult for the criminals

to

get away.

3 He always

gets away with

his bad behaviour.

4

A large percentage of the population

get by

on very little money.

5 It took Betty months to

get over

her father’s death.

B PULL, THROW

1 The authorities declared the building unsafe and had it

pulled down

immediately.

2 A strange rattling noise forced the driver to

pull over

onto the hard

shoulder.

3 It was time I

threw out

/

away

my old trainers. They were torn.

definitions

A

Complete the blanks with prepositions.

on the right b y w riting the

Adjectives a m a z e d at/by ca re fu l with/of/about cro w d e d with

fed

up with rea d y for sa tisfie d with Nouns Verbs

a d e sc rip tio n of d is tin a u is h betw een rem in d sb of/about sth

a fa ilu re in e x p e rim e n t with s th (=tell sb again to do sth)

rem in d sb of sb /sth

a s e a r c h for q la n c e at

a so lu tio n to h e a r about/of sb /sth (= se e m sim ilar to sb/sth)

smile at/t0

SD e cia lise in

(=have inform ation about)

h e a r from sb (=have n ew s from ) ioin in sta re at v o te for/against reaard sb/sth as

B Read the follo w in g sentences and com plete them w ith prepositions. 1

Must

I

always

remind

you

a b o u t/o f n e e c j

t0

follow

the proper procedure?

2 I

haven’t

heard

from

Lisa for over two weeks now.

3

The police released a

description

of

the wanted man.

4

The park was

crowded w ith

enthusiastic teenagers celebrating the end of the school year.

5

There must be a

solution_______ t0

your problem.

6

“I’m a

failure in

_____ life,” declared the famous actor to his adoring fans.

7

In some cultures

staring at

_____ people is considered offensive.

unit 0 2

8 Have you heard about the latest m edical discovery?

9 A final search for evidence at the scene of the crim e proved fruitless.

10 You remind me of m yself w hen I was yo ur age.

Grammar Revision (Relative Clauses - Clauses of Time)

S ee G r a m m a r R e v ie w p a g e 148

A R e a d th e t e x t b e lo w a n d c o m p le te e a c h b la n k w i t h o n e w o r d . A l l th e m is s in g w o r d s a re r e la t iv e p r o n o u n : o r a d v e rb s .

M arilyn M onroe, (1) ___________who___________ was one of the w o rld ’s m ost fam ous film stars, was born in 1926. M arilyn, ( 2 ) __________whose__________ real name was Norma Jean Baker, had a m iserable childhood. She grew up in Los Angeles, ( 3 ) __________ where__________ she spent m ost of her early years in foster homes. T hat’s

( 4 ) ____________why__________ she still fe lt lonely even w hen she became famous. She w orked as a m odel and also played m inor roles in various film s before m aking "N iagara”, the film ( 5 ) ________ w hich/that________ made her very popular. In 1954 she m arried Joe di Maggio, w ith

(

6

)

__________ whom__________ She e ntertained Am erican troops fig h tin g in Korea. She w ent on to make m any film s, some o f ( 7 ) __________ which__________ were ve ry successful sue as “Some Like it H ot”, “Gentlemen Prefer Blondes” and “ Bus Stop”. Her film career ended tra g ic a lly in 1962,

( 8 ) __________ when__________ she died at the age of th irty six.

B C h o o s e A, B, C o r D to c o m p le te th e f o llo w in g s e n te n c e s .

1 As____________ Celia was d riving to the a irp o rt, she realised th a t she had le ft her passport at home. A As soon as C§)As C D uring D Until

2 I w ill have finished s tu d y in g ________ by the tim e________ the film starts. A u ntil B w hile © b y the tim e D once

3 The audience started c la p p in g _______ the m om ent________the singer came on stage. A by the tim e (JB)the m om en t C w hile D ju st

4 Peter w on ’t le a v e __________ until___________ he has finished all his work.

(^A) until B by C ju s t as D when

5 I haven’t heard fro m h im __________ since__________ we finished school. A before B as soon as C afte r © s i n c e

6 Jane was w o rkin g as a jo u rn a lis t__________ while___________she was w ritin g her firs t book. A durin g © w h i l e C ju s t as D once

7 My m oth er used to c r y ________ whenever________ she heard this song. A by the tim e B the m om en t th a t © w h e n e v e r D until

8 The police o ffic e r returned my d riv in g lic e n c e ___________ after__________ he had checked it. A ju s t as B until C w hile (D )a fte r

9 She burst o u t la u g h in g ________ as soon as________ she saw the clown. © a s s o o n a s B since C u ntil D w hile 10 ________By the tim e________ we g o t back to the hotel, it was already dark. A The m om ent th a t B As soon as © B y the tim e D Once

& My brother, who j^fis a chemical engineer, works for a multinational company, (sub je ct: who)

Jennifer’s brother, who you met at her party last week, is an engineer, (o b je ct: w ho)

(Have o n ly one w ord f o r the su bject o r the o bject o f the relative clause.)

€> Ann’s father, who/whom we met last week, is ill. / Ann-’s father, that w e -meHastweekris-rtl-. -..

(That is n o t used in n o n -d e fin in g relative clauses.)

& The man with whom she is talking is her husband. /

(preposition + w h o m /w h ic h )

Theraan w ith who/tha»-3hetstaftcingTSiter-^

husbandr-The man (who(m)/that) she is talking with is her husband. /

(w h o /w h o m /w h ic h /th a t + p re p o sitio n s)

& The room where he works is small. / The room in which he works is small. /

The room (which/that) he works in is small./ The-foem-in w here he-works is-smaB.-- T-he-foem where he-works-in is-smalt. - Tke-i ©©in-in-that- fre-works-fe small.— »

P I have 3,000 stamps, some of which are valuable. /

I-haw-3^€>©sta¥»psrS©me-©Hhat:'are'va±uabie.'

(expressions o f q u a n tity+ w h o m /w h ich /w h o se ) > When I grow up, I want to become a dentist. /

Wherrf-will grow -u-pi-f-warrt-iaberomeadenttst:^ He said he would call as soon as he returned. / Iie-said-ii*.would^ail»aS'-se©H-a-ske-wouklretuFH, (Never use will a n d would a fte r tim e words)

> I visited two museums while I was on holiday. / I visited two museums during my holiday. / Ivisite^frwe-m-Hsettms-dwingl-wasonh-olid-ay:- — (du rin g + n ou n)

Key Transformations

& Students who wish to go on the day-trip should write their names on this list.

Students wishing to go on the day-trip should write their names on this list.

@ She always did her homework first and then she watched TV.

She never watched TV until she did / had done her homework.

She never watched TV before doing / having done her homework.

She would never watch TV before she did / had done her homework.

She always watched TV after doing / having done her homework.

She always watched TV after she did / had done her homework.

& I will sign the document when I read / have read it. I will sign the document after I read / have read it. I won’t sign the document before I read / have read it.

I won’t sign the document until I read / have read it.

<q Andrew left after/before breakfast.

Andrew left after/before having (had) breakfast. Andrew left after/before he (had) had breakfast.

unit 0 2

Examination Practice

A

Choose the correct answer.

1 The Smiths b u ilt a huge house o f the town. a. in c. at 2 Once th e y come a. came ( c jc o m e on _{the o utskirts} Vb; on d. to

w e’ll ta lk to them about it.

b. w ill come

d. are com ing

3

The man who is sitting

jn

the fro n t row is Mrs Davidson's nephew.

(a.) w ho is sittin g b. w here is sittin g

c. w ho sittin g d. th a t sittin g

4 ■■ From now 0 n, y OU w on 't be allowed to use yo ur m obile phones at school!" the headm aster w arned the students.

a. By b. For

c. At ( d. From

the sleeves 5 My g ra nd m o th er kn itted me a jum pe r of which

are to o long,

a. w hich the sleeves

c. the sleeves of th a t

b. th a t the sleeves d )th e sleeves o f which

6 The e le c tric ity w ill be reconnected when you pay the bill.

a. w hen you w ill pay b. when you pay

c. when you are paying d. durin g you pay 7 There are people w ho m anage to get by

on ve ry little money.

a. w ith b. over

c. round (d ) b y

8 The hotel in which we stayed was perfect,

a. in w here ( b ) in w hich

c. w hich d. th at

9 The students left as soon as th ey finished the test,

(a ) as soon as b. as

c. w hile d. u ntil 10 "What did you do on Saturday?"

"We visited the tow n where o ur g randfather grew up.

a. w hich b. th at ( c ) w here d. when

B Complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first sentence, using the word given unchanged. You must use between two and five words, including the word given.

1 Here’s the house w here I lived as a child.

in Here’s the h o u s e _____________________ in which I lived_____________________ as a child. 2 I don ’t know w ha t made her q u it her job.

reason I d on ’t __________________ know the reason why__________________ she q u it her job.

3

Passengers w ishing to get up can do so a fte r the seat belt lig h t has gone off.

who Passengers_________________who wish to get up__________________can do so after the seat belt light has gone i 4 He d id n ’t study enough fo r his exams, so he failed tw o of them .

caused He did n ’t study enough fo r his exam s________________ which caused him to fail_______________ t wo o f them .

5 He always checked his car tyres before setting o ff on a journey.

until He never set o ff on a jo u rn e y ____________ until he (had) checked___________ his car tyres. 6 I’ve read all o f Jane Austen’s novels and there were o nly a couple th a t I d id n ’t enjoy.

most I’ve read all of Jane A usten’s n o ve ls,______________________most of which_____________________ I enjoyed. 7 Dr W illiam s is a ca rd io lo g ist and has his surgery on the second floor.

whose Dr W illiam s,____________________ whose surgery is____________________ on t he second floor, is a ca rdiologist.

8 Last week Phil to o k p art in a spelling c o m p e titio n and won firs t prize,

unit 0 2

.Vords easily confused

. se th e c o r r e c t f o r m o f th e w o r d s i n th e b o x e s to c o m p le te th e s e n te n c e s i n e a c h g ro u p

A-G

b e lo w . Y o u m a y . s e so m e o f th e w o r d s m o r e t h a n o n c e . I n s o m e cases, m o r e t h a n o n e w o r d m a y b e c o rr e c t.

look see w atch notice regard stare glance observe 11 .Ve spent weeks in A f r ic a _______ observing_______ the way lions catch th e ir prey.

; Did y o u _______ see/notice_______ the tie he was wearing? It had pink elephants on it! 3 "h e students regarded/watched/observed the new teacher w ith curiosity.

4 - w a y s __________look__________left and then rig h t before crossing the road. 5 Don’t _________ stare__________at people like that! It’s really rude.

■ saw/watched______a great science fic tio n film last night.

~ Before I bou gh t the m agazine, I glanced/looked th ro ug h it quickly. IB I couldn’t h e lp ________ noticing________ the big red spots on his face.

glanced/looked at his watch and started running. He was late fo r school.

find out invent discover detect

Many serious illnesses may be cured if th ey a r e ________ detected_______ early enough. 2 We m u s t ________ find out________ as m uch as we can a bo ut the gang,” said the detective.

3 Was it Captain Cook w h o _______ discovered______ Australia?

■t The firs t camera, the Kodak 1, w a s ________ invented_______ by G. Eastman in 1888.

explore investigate look for look up (do) research

• The police came t o _______ investigate_______the m urde r im m ediately. 2 I still h a v e ________ research________to do fo r my p ro je ct on sharks.

3 I m u s t________ look up________ this w ord in the d ictionary, because I don ’t rem em ber w hat it means. 4 Mum, I’m _______ looking for______ m y trainers. Have you seen them?

5 As soon as the five friends g o t to the cave, th ey decided t o ________ explore________ it.

a tte m p t e ffo rt tria l e xpe rim en t

1 It takes a lo t o f _________ effort_________ and patience to learn how to play a m usical instrum ent. 2 John’s case came t o __________ trial__________and in the end he was found innocent.

3 The athlete failed in his l a s t ________ attem pt_______ to break the w o rld record.

4 Many cosm etic com panies claim th ey don ’t ca rry o u t ______ experiments______ on animals.

unit 0 2

audience spectators view ers sightseers onlookers witnesses

1 T h e _______spectators_______ disagreed w ith the referee’s decision and in te rru p te d the fo o tb a ll match. 2 The tw o teenagers claim ed th ey were j u s t _____ onlookers_________and had n othing to do w ith the fig ht. 3 Paris attracts thousands o f ______ sightseers________all year round.

4 At the end of the play, t h e _______ audience_______ applauded enthusiastically. 5 T h e _______ witnesses_______ were asked to give a detailed description o f the accident.

6 The co nce rt was broadcast on TV and attracte d one b illio n ________ viewers________ w orldw ide.

F m em orise rem ind recall recognise

1 I d id n ’t _______ recognise________her at first. She had changed a lot.

2 I had t o _______ memorise_______ his phone num ber because I d id n 't have a pen to w rite it down. 3 I’ll ring Dad t o ________ remind_________him to buy coffee, otherw ise he’ll forget.

4 My g ra nd fa the r can s t i l l _________ recall_________ scenes of World War II.

G view sight image vision scene

1 The sun affects m y ______ vision/sight______ w hen I’m d riving , so I always wear sunglasses. 2 We have a s u p e rb _________ view__________0f the sea fro m o ur balcony.

3 The child started to cry at t h e _________ sight_________ of the dogs.

4 The television show was a bout t h e _________ sights_________ you can visit in Rome. 5 The police arrived at t h e ________ scene_________ of the accident w ith in m inutes. 6 An a c to r 's _________ image________ js im p o rta n t fo r his career.

7 I ran o u t of paint, so I co u ld n ’t finish the sky fo r the b a c k g ro u n d ________ scene__________jn the play. 8 When we were leaving the flo w e r show, we were asked to fill in a questionnaire to give o u r _________ views

Derivatives are formed from

noun roots, adjective roots

and

verb roots.

In this unit we will deal with adjectives, adverbs and nouns which derive from certain

noun roots.

Noun Root Adjective = Noun + -ful Adjective = Noun + -less

Describing a q ua lity or

characteristic (often abstract nouns)

Having enough of th a t q ua lity or characteristic

Not having th a t q u a lity or characteristic

care careful careless

Adverbs Noun + -fully t Adverb = Noun + -lessly

c a re fully carelessly

• Some o the r com m on nouns th a t fo rm adjectives and adverbs in the same way are: colour, harm,

hope, meaning, pain, p o w e rand use.

• The noun doubt form s the adjective in -ful and the adverb in -fully and in -less.

d o u b t 4 d o u b tfu l 4 d o u b tfu lly - doubtless

• In some cases o nly one o f the tw o adjectives - and corresponding adverbs ■ derives from the noun root, not both.

b eauty b e a u tifu l - begs&tess / b e a u tifu lly - b e ^ f ig $ s ly end - endless / e nitM T y - endlessly

In the same way: d eligh tfu l, d utifu l, grateful, aimless, effortless, heartless, homeless, nameless, pointless and shapeless.

• The opposite of some adjectives in -ful is un + noun root + ful, not noun root + less.

success 4 successful * unsuccessful s k ill 4 s k ilfu l t u n s k ilfu l tru th 4 tru th fu l * u n tru th fu l

• Som etim es both adjective form s (noun root + less and un + noun root + ful) derive from the same noun. In such cases the tw o adjectives have d iffe re n t m eanings. The adjective fo rm un + noun root + ful is the opposite o f the adjective in -ful.

h e lp - } h e lp fu l (= sb who gives help) * u n h e lp fu l (= sb who d oesn't give help) helpless (= sb w ho needs h elp)

• The opposite of some adjectives in -less is noun root + -y o r noun root + -b le , not noun root + -ful.

g u ilt guiltless g u ilty sleep -4 sleepless * sleepy

sense 4 senseless * sensible value -4 valueless * valuable (note the changes in spelling)

• Be careful w ith the m eaning of the adjectives derived fro m price.

price -4 p ric e y (=expensive)

4 priceless (= too valuable to have a p rice )

Noun Root Noun = Noun + -ship

1 Som ebody in a certain position / occupation 1 State of being in certain position / occupation

a uth or authorship

2 Som ebody having a relationship w ith sb else 2 Relationship betw een tw o people

friend frien dsh ip

• Some com m on nouns th a t fo rm nouns in the same w ay as a u th o rare: citizen, leader, m em be rand owner. • Some com m on nouns th a t form nouns in the same way as frie n dare: com panion, p a rtn e rand relation. • Some nouns fo rm nouns in - ship w ith a d iffe re n t m eaning: cham pion, sch olarand sponsor.

[ J I J J 3 When you are asked to com plete a sentence w ith a suitable w ord d erivin g from a given root, read the sentence ca re fully to decide: 1) w ha t p art o f speech the m issing w ord is (noun, verb, adjective or adverb), 2) if the m issing w ord has the same m eaning as the given ro o t (e.g. success-successful) o r the opposite m eaning (e.g. success-unsuccessful).

unit 0 2

C o m p le te th e sentences w ith th e c o rre c t fo r m of th e w o rd s in c ap itals.

1 The to p m odel w a s ________ beautifully_________ dressed in an elegant evening gown. 2 My street i s _________ peaceful__________ because it ’s far from any main roads.

3 Our fo o tb a ll team won the ______ championship________ at the end o f the season and received _______ sponsorship_________ from a large company.

4 There are thousands o f _________homeless__________ people sleeping in the streets. 5 I b ou gh t a colourful

6 I was fined because I was d riving 7 The directions you gave us were rather 8 I am feeling q u i t e __________ sleepy

. dress but its colours faded afte r I washed it. carelessly__________ .

________unhelpful___________ as we still got lost.

9 I g o t into a b u s in e s s ______ being unsuccessful

partnership

because I d id n ’t get enough sleep last night. __ w ith my cousin but it ended up

10 The m usical perform ance was so the orchestra a standing ovation.

powerful . th a t the audience gave

11 The w itness’ sta te m e nt d id n ’t help the police in the investigation, so it proved to be ________ valueless__________ .

12 The man was found __________ guilty___________ o f s h o p liftin g and sentenced to one m onth in prison.

13 He has ______ successfully__________com pleted his postgraduate studies. 14 The new lazer tre a tm e n t can e xtra ct teeth ________ painlessly__________ . 15 It’s ju s t a harmless . dog. There is no need to panic.

BEAUTY PEACE CHAMPION SPONSOR HOME COLOUR CARE HELP SLEEP PARTNER SUCCESS POWER VALUE GUILT SUCCESS PAIN HARM

Examination Practice

A

R ead th e te x t b e lo w a n d d ec id e w h ic h a n s w e r

A, B, C

o r

D

best fits e ach space.

. me of m y ve ry firs t perform ance on

A NIGHT AT THE THEATRE

Going to the theatre brings back happy m em ories, as it (1)________ reminds

stage, (2 )_________ which_________ was th irty years ago. Parts o f th a t p a rticu la r n ig ht are so vivid th a t I can still picture m yself as th ou gh it w ere yesterday. The excitem ent am ongst the actors, the (3 )_______ audience's______ applause and the party afte r the opening n ig h t are m em ories w hich w ill rem ain w ith me fo r (4) _ life

I d on ’t know how we m anaged to do so well. The rehearsals were far from sa tisfactory because we th o u g h t th a t we could ju s t have tw o rehearsals a week (5 )_________ when_________ in fa ct we needed more. The background ( 6 ) _________scenes________ to the last act w eren’t ready u ntil an hour before the beginning o f the play despite the set b u ild e r’s best (7 )_________efforts_________. The d irector was not satisfied ( 8 ) __________ with__________ a nyth ing and he d id n ’t even w ant to show up on the firs t night. Adm ittedly, I w o u ld n ’t have w anted to either.

( 9 ) _________ When_________ the n ig ht fin a lly arrived, we were all a b it w orried. I rem em ber (1 0 )_____ th ro u g h the cu rta in ten m inutes before the s ta rt and being amazed (11)___________at___________ the

glancing

(12) _ sight . of a fu ll house. Finally, it was tim e fo r the cu rta in to go up. In the end, we proved the d ire c to r w rong and e verythin g w ent like clockw ork.

unit

0 2

1 A recognises (B )reminds C recalls D m em orises

2 A w hich B when C w here D w ho

3 A o nloo kers’ B view ers’ C audience’s D spectators’

4 A life B ages C a w hile D tim e

5 A where B when C w hich D w henever

6 A images B visions C scenes D sights

7 A attem pts B e ffo rts C trials D tries

8 A by B in C at i D )w ith

9 A When B A fter C While D Until

10 :A )glancing B n oticing C staring D w atching

11 A in © a t C on D fo r

12 A view B vision © s i g h t D image

FRIEND RELATION WONDER VALUE CARE THOUGHT m

I

DOUBT SENSE TRUTH USE

E

Complete the text below with the correct form of the words in capitals.

FRIENDS

Many people consider (1)_______ friendship_______ to be the m ost im p o rta n t (2 )______ relationship______ th e y can have. It is (3 )_______ wonderful_______to have a frie n d you can talk to and share (4 )________ valuable________ experiences w ith. However, it is im p o rta n t to choose friends

(

5

)

________ carefully_______ .

An ideal frien d should be ( 6 ) _______ thoughtful_______ and w hen any d iffic u ltie s arise, h op efu lly be there fo r us. Of course, there w ill be tim es w hen we m ig h t be

(7 )________ doubtful_______ of o ur friends. But, we should always ta lk things th ro ug h in a ( 8 ) ________ sensible________ way and fin d a solution to o ur problem s. Moreover,

we should be careful not to be ( 9 ) _______ untruthful_______. W ith o ut honesty, the bond betw een friends is

Collocations/expressions

A

The following expressions include the words

day, year

and

time.

Complete them with

prepositions.

( DAY YEAR TIME

in this day and aae all vear round for _{a period of tim e sb’s free tim e} day by/after dav vear after year from tim e to tim e in no tim e

at this tim e for the firs t tim e have no tim e f ° r

V

o f the year at the riq h t tim e take tim e off w ork

B

Complete the sentences with the

collocations / expressions

in the box below.

the o the r day all day long call it a day at tim es on tim e

in tim e pass the tim e ahead of its tim e tim e and tim e again fo r the tim e being 1 Despite technical problem s, the flig h t l e f t ________ on tim e________ .

2 We’ll be g ettin g a new p rin te r next m onth. So, for the tim e being _ we have to put up w ith this one. 3 M ost engineers agreed th a t the ca r’s design w a s _____ ahead of its tim e

4 I started a conversation w ith the person sittin g next to me on the bus t o ______ pass the tim e______

5 I saw S a lly _____ the other day______ . Did you know th a t she had broken her leg?

6 The m atch started at 7 pm and Jack arrived j u s t ________ in tim e_________for the kick-off.

7 Let’s ______ call it a day_______ and go home. We’ve been w orking fo r over tw e lve hours w ith o u t a break. 8 He keeps m aking the same m istake tim e and tim e again

9 I fin d it ve ry d iffic u lt to agree w ith y o u ________ at times________ . Your view s can som etim es be extrem e. 10 I have been s le e p y _______all day long______ today. I don ’t know w h a t’s the m atter w ith me.

C Read the sentences and complete them with the correct form of the verbs hold, run, catch or keep.

1 The stu de nt w a s _________caught________ jn th e a ct o f cheating by the examiner. 2 I ju s t need you t o _________ keeP__________an eye on Sam w hile I go out.

3 Jenny w ill c e r ta in ly _________ catch_________ everyone's a tte n tio n w ith th a t dress she's wearing. 4 Blue eyes and red h a ir __________ run__________ in m y fa m ily . Only m y aunt has brow n eyes.

5 When m y g ra nd m o th er was in hospital, I used t o __________keeP_________ h er c o m p a n y in the afternoons. 6 M ary is m oving to a no the r city, but we prom ised t o _________ keeP_________ in to u c h w ith each other.

7 Running________ a business requires m any skills and expertise.

8 You can't rely on Roger. Actually, he's the kind of person th a t c a n 't _________ keeP__________a prom ise. 9 The w inn er o f the m arathon had t o _________catch__________his b re a th before speaking to the jo u rn a list. 10 P le a s e _________ keeP__________in m in d th a t sm oking is not allowed in this building.

11 We a l l __________held o u r b re a th when the w in n e r o f the co m p e titio n was being announced. 12 As I was running t o _________ catch_________ th e bus, I slipped and fell.

13 Can y o u _________ keeP_________ a secret? Jane is organising a surprise p a rty fo r Kevin’s b irthday! 14 The c h ild re n __________held__________hands w hile w alking down the street.

unit 0 3

^

________________ ________ ____________________ _______________ _

Read

the sentences on the left and match the phrasal verbs with their definitions on the right by writing the

correct number in the box next to each definition.

A

LOOK

1 We looked after Ben’s house w hile he was on holiday.

2 We are all looking forward to the opening game o f the season. 3 The a uth o ritie s prom ised to look into the claim s o f c o rru p tio n . 4 I looked over yo ur essay and can suggest some im provem ents. 5 Look out! The pavem ent is broken and you m ig ht trip.

5 Look up the m eaning of the w ord in the dictionary. 7 John looks down on people w ho aren’t as rich as he is. 3 Children often look up to sports heroes.

7

8

5 1 2 3 4 6

have a poor opinion of respect, admire

warn somebody about potential danger take care of

expect sth pleasant to happen investigate

inspect quickly

try to find in a book or list

B CHECK, WATCH, SHOW

1 We were to ld to check in at the a irp o rt as early as possible. 2 Guests are kind ly rem inded to check out by 12 o’clock. 3 The to u ris ts were to ld to watch out for pickpockets.

4 The older children were to ld to watch over the yo un ge r ones. 5 The man was showing off his new sports car to his friends. 6 Everybody showed up at the p a rty on Saturday night.

3 4 6 1 2 5 be careful about

care for sb or sth, especially because it is your responsibility

arrive, appear

report one’s arrival at a hotel/airport etc. pay the bill and leave (a hotel/clinic etc.) try to make people notice and admire

Words with Prepositions

A

Complete the blanks with prepositions.

Adjectives Nouns accustomed___ addicted____ ^ to amused at/with/by astonished by/at un)aware_ of crazy, cruel about to cu riou s. about delighted witl1 enthusiastic about excited about

fam iliar to sb (=well known) knowledae of/about familiar with sb (=friendlv) a rise in

be familiar with sth (=know well) (feel) sympathy for

famous t ° r a talent for

fond ° f a taste of (=flavour.

imoressed by/with interested in brief experience) a taste ^or keen on known as (=reaarded) Dleased w 'th rude to ty p ic a l of (= liking, preference)

B

Read the following sentences and complete them with prepositions. 1 Did vou know about the surprise party?

2 Are you familiar with 3 Do you like the taste.

Verbs fill sth _ else with sth in involve _ know about sth (=have knowledge of)

__ the com pany's no sm oking policy?

of____ red w ine m ore than th a t of w hite wine?

4 He is feared by everyone in the area. He's known as ‘The Cleaner'.