Census 2001 Report on the Welsh language

Report on the Welsh language

Laid before Parliament pursuant to Section 4(1) Census Act 1920

Census 2001

Offi ce for National Statistics

London: TSO

© Crown copyright 2004.

Published with the permission of the Controller of Her Majesty’s Stationery Office (HMSO) ISBN 0 11 621735 9

This publication, excluding logos, may be reproduced free of charge in any format or medium for research or private study subject to it being reproduced accurately and not used in a misleading context. The material must be acknowledged as crown copyright and the title of the publication specified. This publication can also be accessed at the National Statistics website: www.statistics.gov.uk

For any other use of this material please apply for a free Click-Use Licence on the HMSO website:

www.hmso.gov.uk/click-use-home.htm or write to HMSO at The Licensing Division, St Clements House, 2-16 Colegate, Norwich NR3 1BQ Fax: 01603 723000 or e-mail:

[email protected]

Contact points

For enquiries about the 2001 Census or this publication, contact the National Statistics Customer Enquiry Centre on

0845 601 3034

(minicom: 01633 812399)

E-mail: [email protected] Fax: 01633 652747

Post: Room D115,

Government Buildings,

Cardiff Road,

Newport NP10 8XG

About the Office for National Statistics The Office for National Statistics (ONS) is the government agency responsible for compiling, analysing and disseminating many of the United Kingdom’s economic, social and demographic statistics, including the retail prices index, trade figures and labour market data, as well as the periodic census of the population and health statistics. It is also the agency that administers the statutory registration of births, marriages and deaths. The Director of ONS is the National Statistician and the Registrar General for England and Wales.

A National Statistics publication

National Statistics are produced to high

professional standards set out in the National

Statistics Code of Practice. They undergo

regular quality assurance reviews to ensure that

they meet customer needs. They are produced

free from any political interference.

Contents

Page

Foreword v

Introduction 1

Information in this report 1

Populations covered in this report 2

Quality of the results 2

Comparison of results with those from the 1991 Census 3

Other Censuses in the UK 3

Further results from the 2001 Census 4

Copyright and reproduction of material from this report 4

Further information 4

List of tables by table number 5

List of tables by table title 6

Tables 7

Notes to tables 65

Maps 67

Thematic maps 68

Reference maps 73

Glossary 95

Appendix A 111

Appendix B 113

Foreword

Results from the Census are made possible by the co-operation of the public in responding to the Census; by the hard work of the Census field-staff; and by the assistance of many other people and organisations that have supported all aspects of the Census. The Registrar General would like to thank all those who have contributed to the Census.

Len Cook

Registrar General for England and Wales

Introduction

This Report comprises tables containing results on the Welsh language from the 2001 Census. It is published under the authority of, and to meet the requirements of, Section 4(1) of the Census Act 1920. It has also been made available on the National Statistics website www.statistics.gov.uk.

The tables in this Report form only a small part of the results from the 2001 Census: for details of further results to be published see Further results from the 2001 Census below.

Information in this report Boundaries

This Report presents Census results for a range of geographical areas, including Communities, Unitary Authorities, National Assembly Regional Committee Areas and Wales as a whole. The boundaries of all areas are those legally in place at the end of 2002.

Questions included in the Census

The results are derived from the information collected from the Census forms. Specimen copies of the Census forms are available on the National Statistics website. All questions included in the 1991 Census were included in the 2001 Census with the exception of questions relating to usual address and whereabouts on Census night (see Populations covered in this report). However, the response categories in some questions, such as ethnic group, were updated. There were also new questions on general health, the provision of unpaid care, time since last paid employment, the size of work force at place of work, supervision of employees, lowest floor level of accommodation and a voluntary question on religion.

The Census questions that were asked of all people in Wales covered:

• sex, date of birth and marital status;

• relationship to others in the household (where applicable);

• whether schoolchild/student;

• country of birth;

• ethnic group;

• religion (voluntary);

• health;

• provision of unpaid care; and

• Welsh language.

The question on Welsh language was not asked of people outside Wales.

Additionally, questions for those aged 16 – 74 covered (where applicable):

• qualifications and professional qualifications;

• economic activity and employment status;

• number of employees at place of work;

• occupation and industry of employment;

• address of workplace;

• means of travel to work; and

• hours worked.

In addition, the person filling in the form in each household was asked a number of questions about the household’s accommodation:

• type of accommodation and whether self- contained;

• number of rooms;

• availability of bath/shower and toilet;

• lowest floor level;

• presence of central heating;

• availability of cars or vans;

• tenure; and

• landlord (where applicable).

Results presented

This Report brings together a variety of Census results on Welsh language skills in tables for a range of geographical areas. Corresponding tables for other geographies are available in other Census products. More information on this is provided in Appendix B.

Tables KS25 and the supplementary table on Welsh language skills provide information for Unitary Authorities, National Assembly Regional Committee Areas, and Wales as a whole. Areas are listed in broadly geographical order (North West to South East) in their place in this hierarchy.

The Welsh Language Profile (WLP01) provides information for Communities, Unitary Authorities, National Assembly Regional Committee Areas, and Wales as a whole.

Unitary Authorities and National Assembly

Regional Committee Areas are listed in broadly

geographical order, with Communities listed

Introduction Census 2001: Report on the Welsh language

alphabetically under their Unitary Authority.

Where Communities have less than 100 residents or 40 households, they have been amalgamated with neighbouring Communities within the same Unitary Authority for the purposes of presenting results, and are listed under the amalgamated name. See Notes to Tables for more information.

Explanations of terms used in tables are provided in the Glossary. Where a particular explanation is required within a table, this is indicated by a numbered footnote marker and the information is provided in a footnote to the table.

More information about the terms used in tables, comparability with the 1991 Census, the Census questions, and response and imputation rates will be made available on the National Statistics website and published in other reports, as described in Further results from the 2001 Census.

Populations covered in this report Each table in this Report relates to a group of people or households, referred to as the ‘table population’. Many tables relate to the population

‘All people’, but other tables relate to subsets of

‘All people’, such as ‘People in employment aged 16 – 74’, or to distinct populations such as ‘All households’.

People

In the 2001 Census information was collected only on usual residents. This contrasts to the 1991 Census which collected information on both usual residents and visitors on Census night. A usual resident is generally defined as someone who spends most of their time residing at that address. It includes:

• People who usually live at that address but are temporarily away from home (on holiday, visiting friends or relatives, or temporarily in a hospital or similar establishment) on Census Day.

• People who work away from home for part of the time, or are members of the Armed Forces.

• Students if it is their term-time address

• A baby born before 30th April even if it is still in hospital.

• People present on Census Day, even if temporarily, who have no other usual address.

However, it does not include:

• Anyone present on Census Day who has another usual address.

• Anyone who has been living or intends to live in a special establishment such as a residential home, nursing home or hospital for six months or more.

Households

A household is defined as one person living alone, or a group of people (not necessarily related) living at the same address with common housekeeping - that is, sharing either a living room or sitting room or at least one meal a day.

Communal establishments

A communal establishment is defined as an establishment providing managed residential accommodation. ‘Managed’ means full-time or part-time supervision of the accommodation.

In most cases (for example, prisons, large hospitals, hotels) communal establishments can be easily identified. Identification is less easy with small hotels, guest houses and sheltered accommodation. Special rules apply in these cases:

• Small hotels and guest houses are treated as communal establishments if they have the capacity to have 10 or more guests, excluding the owner/manager and his/her family.

• Sheltered housing is treated as a

communal establishment if less than half the residents possess their own facilities for cooking. If half or more possess their own facilities for cooking (regardless of use) the whole establishment is treated as separate households.

More information on the definition of table populations can be found in the Glossary contained in this Report.

Quality of the results

Methods known as the ‘One Number Census’

(see Background information on the 2001 Census) were used to ensure that the results of the 2001 Census cover the entire population of England and Wales, and are the most reliable achievable.

However, there are a number of sources of potential error in the results. These include:

• ‘Incorrect’ information provided on the forms.

• Sampling error related to estimates derived through the One Number Census process.

• Errors introduced during processing and

imputation.

Census 2001: Report on the Welsh language Introduction

Some elements of ‘incorrect’ information were corrected during the edit process (see Background information on the 2001 Census).

Following this, the figures were subjected to an extensive quality assurance process, including checks against administrative records and sources of information on particular groups such as students and the Armed Forces.

As the Census results, which incorporate an adjustment for under-enumeration through the One Number Census methodology, are estimates based partly on a sample survey, sampling errors can be used as a guide in assessing the accuracy of the results. The sampling error can be used to construct a 95 per cent confidence interval - that is a range in which the user can be 95 per cent confident that the true value lies. For the population of Wales, this confidence interval is 2,903,085 +/- 20,300 (0.7 per cent of the estimated population). An important aspect of the One Number Census methodology is that the estimates are unbiased - that is, that they are not systematically above or below the true value.

Further information on coverage and imputation rates for individual questions is available from the National Statistics website.

Overall response rates, and estimates of

sampling errors, for Local Authority Districts are also available on the website. A detailed report covering a range of aspects of quality of the Census results will be published in 2004.

Comparison of results with those from the 1991 Census

Caution must be exercised when comparing the results of the 2001 Census with those of the 1991 Census as such comparison is affected by three factors.

Changes in definition

There are a number of differences in definitions and information collected between the 1991 and 2001 Census. More information on this will be made available in the 2001 Census Definitions volume.

Changes in the geographic base

Changes in geographic boundaries between 1991 and 2001 may mean that results which apparently relate to the same named area actually relate to different boundaries. Information on such boundary changes is available at www.statistics.gov.uk/geography/ward_

history.asp on the National Statistics website.

Adjustment for under-enumeration

As noted above, results of the 2001 Census have been adjusted, via the One Number Census process, to account for under-enumeration.

As results of the 1991 Census were not subject to the same methodology, direct comparisons with the 1991 results must be undertaken with caution.

Where comparisons between the 1991 and 2001 Census results are required, the effects of the above changes are in most cases minimal but can be further mitigated by comparing differences between percentages calculated from the respective bases in each census rather than measuring the percentage difference between the actual counts at each Census.

Other Censuses in the UK

Separate Censuses were carried out, on the same day and using similar methodologies, in Scotland and Northern Ireland, under the authority of the respective devolved administration and Registrars General.

Information on these Censuses is available from:

Scotland

General Register Office for Scotland Statistics Division

Ladywell House Ladywell Road Edinburgh EH12 7TF

Tel: 0131 314 4254

E-mail: [email protected]

Northern Ireland

Census Customer Services

Northern Ireland Statistics and Research Agency McAuley House

2-14 Castle Street Belfast

BT1 1SA

Tel: (028) 9034 8160 Fax: (028) 9034 8161

Email: [email protected]

Introduction Census 2001: Report on the Welsh language

Further results from the 2001 Census A wide range of other results from the 2001 Census are also being published. These provide information for a range of administrative areas and other geographies in common use. Supporting information on the Census, including definitions of Census terms; an evaluation of the quality of Census results; and information on geographies used in the Census results will also be published. Information regarding planned products and proposed release dates, and on commissioning output, is available in the 2001 Census Output Prospectus available at: www.statistics.gov.uk/census2001/

op.asp or from Census Customer Services [email protected].

Copyright and reproduction of material from this report

This publication (excluding the departmental logo) may be reproduced free of charge in any format or medium for research or private study. This is subject to it being reproduced accurately and not used in a misleading context.

The material must be acknowledged as Crown copyright and the title of the publication specified.

This publication can also be accessed at the National Statistics website at

www.statistics.gov.uk. For any other use of this material please apply for a free core Click-Use Licence on the HMSO website at

www.hmso.gov.uk/click-use-home.htm or by writing to HMSO at:

The Licensing Division St Clements House 2-16 Colegate Norwich NR3 1BQ

Fax: +44 (0)1603 723000

E-mail: [email protected] .gov.uk

Further information

Further information on the 2001 Census is available on the National Statistics website at www.statistics.gov.uk or from Census Customer Services at:

Census Customer Services ONS

Segensworth Road Titchfield

Fareham Hants PO15 5RR

Telephone: ++44 (0)1329 813800 Fax: ++44(0)1329 813587 Minicom: ++44(0)1329 813669

E-mail: [email protected]

List of tables by table number

Page

Table KS25 Knowledge of Welsh 7

Table S133 Sex and age by country of birth and knowledge of Welsh 8 Table S134 Sex and knowledge of Welsh and age by migration within Wales 9 Table S135 Migration of Welsh speaking households within Wales by age of

Household Reference Person (HRP) and presence of dependent children 10 Table S136 Age of Household Reference Person (HRP) and tenure by

knowledge of Welsh of HRP 12

Table S137 Sex and age and limiting long-term illness and general health

by knowledge of Welsh 13

Table S138 Sex and occupation by knowledge of Welsh 15

Table S139 Welsh speakers and economic activity and year last worked by age 17

Table S140 Sex and industry by knowledge of Welsh 19

Table S141 Sex and NS-SeC by knowledge of Welsh 20

Table S142 Age and highest level of qualification by knowledge of Welsh 21 Table S143 Children speaking Welsh in Welsh speaking households 22 Table S144 Welsh speaking adults in households by age of youngest dependent child 22 Table S145 Type of communal establishment by knowledge of Welsh 23 Table S146 Sex and ability to speak Welsh and age by migration within Wales 24 Table S147 Age of Household Reference Person (HRP) and tenure by ability

to speak Welsh of HRP 26

Table S148 Type of communal establishment by ability to speak Welsh 27

Table T15 Theme table on Welsh language 28

Table T39 Theme table on ability to speak Welsh 34

Supplementary table on Welsh language skills 39

Table WLP01 Welsh language profile 40

List of tables by table title

Page Age and highest level of qualification by knowledge of Welsh 21 Age of Household Reference Person (HRP) and tenure by ability

to speak Welsh of HRP 26

Age of Household Reference Person (HRP) and tenure by

knowledge of Welsh of HRP 12

Children speaking Welsh in Welsh speaking households 22

Knowledge of Welsh 7

Migration of Welsh speaking households within Wales by age of

Household Reference Person (HRP) and presence of dependent children 10 Sex and ability to speak Welsh and age by migration within Wales 24 Sex and age and limiting long-term illness and general health

by knowledge of Welsh 13

Sex and age by country of birth and knowledge of Welsh 8

Sex and industry by knowledge of Welsh 19

Sex and knowledge of Welsh and age by migration within Wales 9

Sex and NS-SeC by knowledge of Welsh 20

Sex and occupation by knowledge of Welsh 15

Theme table on ability to speak Welsh 34

Theme table on Welsh language 28

Type of communal establishment by ability to speak Welsh 27

Type of communal establishment by knowledge of Welsh 23

Welsh language profile 40

Welsh language skills 39

Welsh speakers and economic activity and year last worked by age 17

Welsh speaking adults in households by age of youngest dependent child 22

Census 2001: Report on the Welsh language Table KS25

Note: 1. ‘Understands spoken Welsh only’ means the person understands spoken Welsh but has no other skills in the language.

Table KS25

Knowledge of Welsh

All people aged 3 and over Wales

Area

All people aged 3 and over

Percentage of people aged 3 and over

Understands spoken Welsh only¹

Speaks but does not read or write Welsh

Speaks and reads but does not write Welsh

Speaks, reads and writes Welsh

Other combination of skills

No knowledge of Welsh

a b c d e f g h

WALES 2,805,701 4.93 2.83 1.37 16.32 2.98 71.57

Isle of Anglesey 64,679 8.73 6.39 2.94 50.51 1.82 29.60

Gwynedd 112,800 5.91 5.75 2.31 60.63 1.50 23.89

Conwy 106,316 7.84 4.03 1.94 23.23 2.63 60.33

Denbighshire 90,085 7.05 3.66 1.74 20.73 2.86 63.96 Flintshire 143,382 4.39 2.13 1.06 10.92 2.89 78.62

Wrexham 124,024 5.30 2.36 1.17 10.90 3.17 77.10

Powys 122,473 6.07 3.19 1.67 15.97 3.18 69.91

Ceredigion 72,884 7.15 4.99 2.73 44.11 2.27 38.76

Pembrokeshire 110,182 5.43 3.51 1.64 16.35 2.43 70.65 Carmarthenshire 167,373 10.45 7.22 3.89 38.96 3.07 36.41

Swansea 216,226 5.99 2.47 1.37 9.38 3.26 77.53

Neath Port Talbot 130,305 6.52 3.26 1.69 12.83 4.51 71.18

Bridgend 124,284 4.28 1.61 0.88 8.09 5.06 80.08

The Vale of Glamorgan 115,116 2.92 1.57 0.69 8.81 2.92 83.10 Rhondda, Cynon, Taff 223,924 4.26 1.66 0.83 9.79 4.55 78.92 Merthyr Tydfil 54,115 4.03 1.71 0.97 7.35 3.68 82.26

Caerphilly 163,297 2.83 1.72 0.67 8.52 2.93 83.33

Blaenau Gwent 67,795 2.19 1.90 0.59 6.56 2.07 86.69

Torfaen 88,062 1.93 1.93 0.69 8.08 1.84 85.53

Monmouthshire 82,351 2.05 1.60 0.60 6.82 1.79 87.14

Newport 131,820 1.88 1.77 0.61 7.18 1.92 86.63

Cardiff 294,208 2.93 1.40 0.71 8.75 2.52 83.69

National Assembly Regional Committee areas

North Wales 609,440 6.23 3.69 1.70 25.62 2.59 60.16

Mid Wales 227,203 6.40 4.05 2.10 30.45 2.67 54.33

South West Wales 624,086 7.20 4.09 2.16 19.26 3.32 63.96 South East Wales 1,344,972 3.05 1.64 0.73 8.36 3.05 83.18

Ta b le S133 Se x and age by country of birth and knowledge of W e lsh

Understands spoken Welsh only Speaks but does not read or write Welsh Speaks and reads but does not write welsh Speaks, reads and writes Welsh Other combination of skillsNo skills in Welsh Total not born in Wales Understands spoken Welsh only Speaks but does not read or write Welsh Speaks and reads but does not write welsh Speaks, reads and writes Welsh

Other combination of skillsNo skills in Welsh Note: 1. ‘Understands spoken Welsh only’ means the person understands spoken Welsh but has no other skills in the language.

Table S133 Census 2001: Report on the Welsh language

ALL PEOPLE 2,805,701 2,098,681 112,901 68,678 33,029 411,569 72,041 1,400,463 707,020 25,515 10,632 5,355 46,377 11,620 607,521 3 – 4 70,519 63,053 2,609 8,398 650 3,125 295 47,976 7,466 264 642 55 180 24 6,301 5 – 9 185,325 161,568 6,563 10,148 3,156 45,229 6,034 90,438 23,757 955 1,833 510 6,156 903 13,400 10 – 14 195,976 165,808 6,841 4,119 2,606 63,930 12,553 75,759 30,168 1,133 656 464 11,794 2,121 14,000 15 37,951 31,502 1,479 576 442 12,450 2,528 14,027 6,449 268 95 79 2,353 488 3,166 16 – 19 146,753 115,177 5,227 2,085 1,345 30,945 5,142 70,433 31,576 977 431 305 5,044 994 23,825 20 – 24 169,493 119,875 5,826 2,416 1,181 22,589 2,885 84,978 49,618 1,390 460 262 2,428 637 44,441 25 – 34 364,658 271,864 15,344 5,838 3,237 42,086 5,813 199,546 92,794 3,728 1,242 775 4,419 1,118 81,512 35 – 49 592,140 428,820 25,962 9,787 5,438 61,365 10,587 315,681 163,320 7,079 2,217 1,172 5,885 1,933 145,034 50 – 59 385,188 269,287 16,495 7,283 4,198 42,474 9,546 189,291 115,901 4,663 1,345 802 3,535 1,457 104,099 60 – 64 152,924 106,985 6,173 3,329 2,065 17,861 4,119 73,438 45,939 1,506 474 287 1,372 613 41,687 65 – 74 264,191 190,641 10,623 6,893 3,965 33,734 6,920 128,506 73,550 2,123 700 365 1,853 789 67,720 75 and over 240,583 174,101 9,759 7,806 4,746 35,781 5,619 110,390 66,482 1,429 537 279 1,358 543 62,336 Males 1,353,858 1,017,223 53,935 33,650 15,568 189,283 30,453 694,334 336,635 11,408 4,991 2,372 20,232 5,053 292,579 3 – 4 36,118 32,250 1,314 4,080 302 1,471 131 24,952 3,868 136 314 17 79 10 3,312 5 – 9 94,750 82,604 3,381 4,988 1,595 21,899 2,996 47,745 12,146 488 878 264 2,994 420 7,102 10 – 14 100,975 85,432 3,528 2,065 1,292 30,480 6,183 41,884 15,543 588 310 249 5,444 1,109 7,843 15 19,513 16,142 800 297 212 5,562 1,250 8,021 3,371 145 53 39 1,087 241 1,806 16 – 19 73,662 58,408 2,571 1,054 627 13,362 2,190 38,604 15,254 497 222 124 2,103 462 11,846 20 – 24 84,382 60,633 2,878 1,176 595 10,303 1,220 44,461 23,749 603 188 118 1,011 266 21,563 25 – 34 176,797 132,514 7,471 2,918 1,500 19,431 2,276 98,918 44,283 1,638 560 304 1,751 420 39,610 35 – 49 290,254 211,782 12,658 5,234 2,672 29,001 4,133 158,084 78,472 3,063 1,014 487 2,332 736 70,840 50 – 59 190,785 133,997 8,128 3,888 2,151 20,659 3,902 95,269 56,788 2,170 653 365 1,445 599 51,556 60 – 64 75,175 52,369 3,013 1,769 1,050 8,560 1,682 36,295 22,806 664 228 141 620 258 20,895 65 – 74 123,551 88,697 4,880 3,457 1,916 15,647 2,709 60,088 34,854 928 362 166 848 317 32,233 75 and over 87,896 62,395 3,313 2,724 1,656 12,908 1,781 40,013 25,501 488 209 98 518 215 23,973 Females 1,451,843 1,081,458 58,966 35,028 17,461 222,286 41,588 706,129 370,385 14,107 5,641 2,983 26,145 6,567 314,942 3 – 4 34,401 30,803 1,295 4,318 348 1,654 164 23,024 3,598 128 328 38 101 14 2,989 5 – 9 90,575 78,964 3,182 5,160 1,561 23,330 3,038 42,693 11,611 467 955 246 3,162 483 6,298 10 – 14 95,001 80,376 3,313 2,054 1,314 33,450 6,370 33,875 14,625 545 346 215 6,350 1,012 6,157 15 18,438 15,360 679 279 230 6,888 1,278 6,006 3,078 123 42 40 1,266 247 1,360 16 – 19 73,091 56,769 2,656 1,031 718 17,583 2,952 31,829 16,322 480 209 181 2,941 532 11,979 20 – 24 85,111 59,242 2,948 1,240 586 12,286 1,665 40,517 25,869 787 272 144 1,417 371 22,878 25 – 34 187,861 139,350 7,873 2,920 1,737 22,655 3,537 100,628 48,511 2,090 682 471 2,668 698 41,902 35 – 49 301,886 217,038 13,304 4,553 2,766 32,364 6,454 157,597 84,848 4,016 1,203 685 3,553 1,197 74,194 50 – 59 194,403 135,290 8,367 3,395 2,047 21,815 5,644 94,022 59,113 2,493 692 437 2,090 858 52,543 60 – 64 77,749 54,616 3,160 1,560 1,015 9,301 2,437 37,143 23,133 842 246 146 752 355 20,792 65 – 74 140,640 101,944 5,743 3,436 2,049 18,087 4,211 68,418 38,696 1,195 338 199 1,005 472 35,487 75 and over 152,687 111,706 6,446 5,082 3,090 22,873 3,838 70,377 40,981 941 328 181 840 328 38,363

Census 2001: Report on the Welsh language Table S134

Table S134

Sex and knowledge of Welsh and age by migration within Wales

All people aged 3 and over in area and those having moved from the area to elsewhere inside Wales in the past year (outflow) Wales

Lived at same address

Lived elsewhere one year ago within same area

No usual address one year ago

Inflow Outflow

Lived elsewhere one year ago outside the area, but within the

‘associated area’

Lived elsewhere one year ago outside the

‘associated area’

but within Wales

Lived elsewhere one year ago outside Wales

Moved out of the area but within the ‘associated area’

Moved out of the

‘associated area’

but within Wales

Notes: 1. The term ‘area’ refers to the particular area level being shown in the table. So, in the case of a table for a ward, this will mean the term ‘area’ translates to the name of the ward.

2. One year ago is one year before Census day (29 April 2001).

3. ‘One or more skills in Welsh’ means one or more of the following: understanding spoken Welsh; speaking Welsh; reading Welsh; writing Welsh.

4. Where this table presents results for an Electoral Division, the ‘associated area’ is the respective Unitary Authority. Where this table presents results for other areas, the

‘associated area’ is Wales.

ALL PEOPLE 2,501,340 228,492 18,011 : : 57,858 : :

One or more skills in Welsh 726,375 61,136 3,624 : : 6,582 : :

3 – 15 205,472 16,770 791 : : 1,671 : :

16 – 19 46,348 5,625 210 : : 312 : :

20 – 24 28,449 9,801 513 : : 1,311 : :

25 – 44 151,068 18,494 1,232 : : 2,102 : :

45 – 59 127,746 5,107 400 : : 674 : :

60 – 64 36,367 1,149 97 : : 186 : :

65 – 84 114,484 3,141 310 : : 278 : :

85 + 16,441 1,049 71 : : 48 : :

No skills in Welsh 1,774,965 167,356 14,387 : : 51,276 : :

3 – 15 234,766 23,449 1,701 : : 5,151 : :

16 – 19 74,708 11,780 796 : : 6,974 : :

20 – 24 82,579 34,210 2,445 : : 10,185 : :

25 – 44 512,046 63,841 6,155 : : 17,372 : :

45 – 59 409,014 18,286 1,816 : : 6,633 : :

60 – 64 109,281 3,837 346 : : 1,661 : :

65 – 84 315,044 9,310 963 : : 2,863 : :

85 + 37,527 2,643 165 : : 437 : :

Males 1,206,285 108,556 10,895 : : 28,122 : :

One or more skills in Welsh 334,851 27,064 2,035 : : 2,995 : :

3 – 15 99,657 7,896 370 : : 768 : :

16 – 19 21,032 1,952 101 : : 127 : :

20 – 24 13,720 3,791 302 : : 545 : :

25 – 44 69,110 8,892 815 : : 989 : :

45 – 59 60,703 2,475 247 : : 328 : :

60 – 64 17,275 551 61 : : 98 : :

65 – 84 49,121 1,253 121 : : 132 : :

85 + 4,233 254 18 : : 8 : :

No skills in Welsh 391,524 34,072 1,589 : : 3,587 : :

3 – 15 126,417 12,556 922 : : 2,770 : :

16 – 19 42,269 4,812 415 : : 2,954 : :

20 – 24 44,177 15,434 1,546 : : 4,867 : :

25 – 44 250,538 32,825 4,145 : : 8,890 : :

45 – 59 204,017 9,385 1,157 : : 3,320 : :

60 – 64 54,204 1,910 207 : : 869 : :

65 – 84 139,278 3,984 420 : : 1,339 : :

85 + 10,534 586 48 : : 118 : :

Females 1,295,055 119,936 7,116 : : 29,736 : :

One or more skills in Welsh 391,524 34,072 1,589 : : 3,587 : :

3 – 15 105,815 8,874 421 : : 903 : :

16 – 19 25,316 3,673 109 : : 185 : :

20 – 24 14,729 6,010 211 : : 766 : :

25 – 44 81,958 9,602 417 : : 1,113 : :

45 – 59 67,043 2,632 153 : : 346 : :

60 – 64 19,092 598 36 : : 88 : :

65 – 84 65,363 1,888 189 : : 146 : :

85 + 12,208 795 53 : : 40 : :

No skills in Welsh 903,531 85,864 5,527 : : 26,149 : :

3 – 15 108,349 10,893 779 : : 2,381 : :

16 – 19 32,439 6,968 381 : : 4,020 : :

20 – 24 38,402 18,776 899 : : 5,318 : :

25 – 44 261,508 31,016 2,010 : : 8,482 : :

45 – 59 204,997 8,901 659 : : 3,313 : :

60 – 64 55,077 1,927 139 : : 792 : :

65 – 84 175,766 5,326 543 : : 1,524 : :

85 + 26,993 2,057 117 : : 319 : :

Table S135 Census 2001: Report on the Welsh language

Notes: 1. The term ‘area’ refers to the particular area level being shown in the table. So, in the case of a table for a ward, this will mean the term ‘area’ translates to the name of the ward. 2. One year ago is one year before Census day (29 April 2001). 3. A Welsh speaking household is defined as a household in which one or more people speaks Welsh. 4. Where this table presents results for an Electoral Division, the ‘associated area’ is the respective Unitary Authority. Where this table presents results for other areas, the ‘associated area’ is Wales. 5. ‘Partly moving households’ include households where no household member had a usual address one year ago.

ALL HOUSEHOLDS 1,058,144 67,947 : : 14,136 : : 68,821 Age of HRP 24 years and under19,395 11,210 : : 1,238 : : 12,650 No dependent children 8,682 6,847 : : 989 : : 9,837 With dependent children10,713 4,363 : : 249 : : 2,813 Age of HRP 25 – 34 years 130,222 20,183 : : 3,808 : : 19,582 No dependent children 51,861 10,931 : : 2,398 : : 11,848 With dependent children78,361 9,252 : : 1,410 : : 7,734 Age of HRP 35 – 49 years 293,075 19,480 : : 4,088 : : 18,362 No dependent children 109,913 9,229 : : 2,197 : : 8,165 With dependent children183,162 10,251 : : 1,891 : : 10,197 Age of HRP 50 years and over615,452 17,074 : : 5,002 : : 18,227 No dependent children 575,260 15,922 : : 4,743 : : 14,673 With dependent children40,192 1,152 : : 259 : : 3,554 Welsh speaking households301,019 17,318 : : 1,755 : : 21,631 Age of HRP 24 years and under4,430 2,320 : : 120 : : 3,642 No dependent children 1,718 1,415 : : 79 : : 2,860 With dependent children2,712 905 : : 41 : : 782 Age of HRP 25 – 34 years 41,407 5,469 : : 541 : : 6,113 No dependent children 10,611 2,147 : : 232 : : 3,133 With dependent children30,796 3,322 : : 309 : : 2,980 Age of HRP 35 – 49 years 109,224 6,039 : : 640 : : 6,340 No dependent children 21,109 1,508 : : 175 : : 1,775 With dependent children88,115 4,531 : : 465 : : 4,565 Age of HRP 50 years and over145,958 3,490 : : 454 : : 5,536 No dependent children 126,686 2,985 : : 389 : : 3,892 With dependent children19,272 505 : : 65 : : 1,644 Other households 757,125 50,629 : : 12,381 : : 47,190 Age of HRP 24 years and under14,965 8,890 : : 1,118 : : 9,008 No dependent children 6,964 5,432 : : 910 : : 6,977 With dependent children8,001 3,458 : : 208 : : 2,031

Ta b le S135 Migr ation of W e lsh speaking households within W a les by age of Household Refer ence P e rs on (HRP) and pr esence of dependent childr en

Lived elsewhere one year ago; within same area InflowOutflow Lived elsewhere one year ago outside the area, but within the ‘associated area’

Lived elsewhere one year ago outside the ‘associated area’ but within WalesLived elsewhere one year ago outside Wales Moved out of the area but within the ‘associated area’

Moved out of the ‘associated area’, but within Wales

Census 2001: Report on the Welsh language Table S135

Ta b le S135 Migr ation of W e lsh speaking households within W a les by age of Household Refer ence P e rs on (HRP) and pr esence of dependent childr en - continued

Lived elsewhere one year ago; within same area InflowOutflow Lived elsewhere one year ago outside the area, but within the ‘associated area’

Lived elsewhere one year ago outside the ‘associated area’ but within WalesLived elsewhere one year ago outside Wales Moved out of the area but within the ‘associated area’

Moved out of the ‘associated area’, but within Wales Other households - continued Age of HRP 25 – 34 years 88,815 14,714 : : 3,267 : : 13,469 No dependent children 41,250 8,784 : : 2,166 : : 8,715 With dependent children47,565 5,930 : : 1,101 : : 4,754 Age of HRP 35 – 49 years 183,851 13,441 : : 3,448 : : 12,022 No dependent children 88,804 7,721 : : 2,022 : : 6,390 With dependent children95,047 5,720 : : 1,426 : : 5,632 Age of HRP 50 years and over469,494 13,584 : : 4,548 : : 12,691 No dependent children 448,574 12,937 : : 4,354 : : 10,781 With dependent children20,920 647 : : 194 : : 1,910 Notes: 1. The term ‘area’ refers to the particular area level being shown in the table. So, in the case of a table for a ward, this will mean the term ‘area’ translates to the name of the ward. 2. One year ago is one year before Census day (29 April 2001). 3. A Welsh speaking household is defined as a household in which one or more people speaks Welsh. 4. Where this table presents results for an Electoral Division, the ‘associated area’ is the respective Unitary Authority. Where this table presents results for other areas, the ‘associated area’ is Wales. 5. ‘Partly moving households’ include households where no household member had a usual address one year ago.

Table S136 Census 2001: Report on the Welsh language

Table S136

Age of Household Reference Person (HRP) and tenure by knowledge of Welsh of HRP

All households Wales

All HRPs One or more

skills in Welsh No skills

in Welsh

ALL HOUSEHOLDS 1,209,048 288,937 920,111

Age of HRP 24 and under 44,493 9,393 35,100

Owned 11,419 2,542 8,877

Rented from council 9,123 1,748 7,375

Other social rented 4,141 885 3,256

Private rented or living rent free 19,810 4,218 15,592

Age of HRP 25 – 34 173,795 38,319 135,476

Owned 105,777 24,040 81,737

Rented from council 24,204 4,825 19,379

Other social rented 11,560 2,128 9,432

Private rented or living rent free 32,254 7,326 24,928

Age of HRP 35 – 49 335,005 72,644 262,361

Owned 248,828 55,388 193,440

Rented from council 39,943 7,653 32,290

Other social rented 14,076 2,326 11,750

Private rented or living rent free 32,158 7,277 24,881

Age of HRP 50 – 74 502,504 124,561 377,943

Owned 394,024 99,249 294,775

Rented from council 62,123 14,240 47,883

Other social rented 14,248 2,524 11,724

Private rented or living rent free 32,109 8,548 23,561

Age of HRP 75 and over 153,251 44,020 109,231

Owned 102,295 30,004 72,291

Rented from council 30,654 8,245 22,409

Other social rented 6,451 1,387 5,064

Private rented or living rent free 13,851 4,384 9,467

Notes: 1. The terms used to describe tenure are defined as:

Owned: either owned outright, owned with a mortgage or loan, or paying rent and part mortgage (shared ownership).

Other social rented includes rented from Registered Social Landlord, Housing Association, Housing Co-operative and Charitable Trust.

Private rented: renting from a private landlord or letting agency, employer of a household member, or relative or friend of a household member or other person.

‘Living rent free’ could include households that are living in accommodation other than private rented.

2. ‘One or more skills in Welsh’ means one or more of the following: understanding spoken Welsh; speaking Welsh; reading Welsh;

writing Welsh.

Census 2001: Report on the Welsh language Table S137

Notes: 1. General health refers to health over the 12 months prior to Census day (29 April 2001).

2. ‘Understands spoken Welsh only’ means the person understands spoken Welsh but has no other skills in the language.

Table S137

Sex and age and limiting long-term illness and general health by knowledge of Welsh

All people aged 3 and over Wales

All people

Understands spoken Welsh only

Speaks but does not read or write Welsh

Speaks and reads but does not write Welsh

Speaks, reads and writes Welsh

Other combination

of skills No skills in Welsh

ALL PEOPLE 2,805,701 138,416 79,310 38,384 457,946 83,661 2,007,984

All people aged 3 – 15 years 489,771 20,112 26,467 7,962 145,217 24,946 265,067 With limiting long-term illness 25,827 1,086 1,496 435 6,265 1,235 15,310 Good or fairly good health 21,426 885 1,246 368 5,373 1,052 12,502

Not good health 4,401 201 250 67 892 183 2,808

Without limiting long-term illness 463,944 19,026 24,971 7,527 138,952 23,711 249,757 Good or fairly good health 462,421 18,956 24,847 7,496 138,592 23,622 248,908

Not good health 1,523 70 124 31 360 89 849

All people aged 16 – 44 years 1,088,556 55,151 20,610 11,643 153,407 24,654 823,091 With limiting long-term illness 120,152 6,310 2,765 1,203 11,317 2,483 96,074 Good or fairly good health 67,886 3,539 1,639 707 7,110 1,455 53,436

Not good health 52,266 2,771 1,126 496 4,207 1,028 42,638

Without limiting long-term illness 968,404 48,841 17,845 10,440 142,090 22,171 727,017 Good or fairly good health 952,288 47,939 17,522 10,259 140,519 21,759 714,290

Not good health 16,116 902 323 181 1,571 412 12,727

All people aged 45 – 64 years 722,600 39,219 16,297 9,424 86,596 20,190 550,874 With limiting long-term illness 230,022 12,837 5,976 3,066 22,838 6,537 178,768 Good or fairly good health 105,365 5,891 2,774 1,523 12,031 3,374 79,772

Not good health 124,657 6,946 3,202 1,543 10,807 3,163 98,996

Without limiting long-term illness 492,578 26,382 10,321 6,358 63,758 13,653 372,106 Good or fairly good health 479,622 25,633 10,006 6,200 62,698 13,355 361,730

Not good health 12,956 749 315 158 1,060 298 10,376

All people aged 65 and over 504,774 23,934 15,936 9,355 72,726 13,871 368,952 With limiting long-term illness 296,925 14,656 10,304 5,735 39,573 7,944 218,713 Good or fairly good health 156,554 7,721 5,306 3,138 23,036 4,648 112,705

Not good health 140,371 6,935 4,998 2,597 16,537 3,296 106,008

Without limiting long-term illness 207,849 9,278 5,632 3,620 33,153 5,927 150,239 Good or fairly good health 200,445 8,918 5,377 3,492 32,334 5,769 144,555

Not good health 7,404 360 255 128 819 158 5,684

Males 1,353,858 65,343 38,641 17,940 209,515 35,506 986,913

All males aged 3 – 15 years 251,356 10,380 12,985 3,970 69,016 12,340 142,665 With limiting long-term illness 15,509 649 831 233 3,436 701 9,659 Good or fairly good health 12,947 525 692 188 2,991 601 7,950

Not good health 2,562 124 139 45 445 100 1,709

Without limiting long-term illness 235,847 9,731 12,154 3,737 65,580 11,639 133,006 Good or fairly good health 235,062 9,687 12,093 3,717 65,434 11,607 132,524

Not good health 785 44 61 20 146 32 482

All males aged 16 – 44 years 534,248 26,405 10,352 5,426 69,260 9,933 412,872 With limiting long-term illness 59,494 3,033 1,442 544 5,241 958 48,276 Good or fairly good health 34,409 1,726 854 320 3,365 592 27,552

Not good health 25,085 1,307 588 224 1,876 366 20,724

Without limiting long-term illness 474,754 23,372 8,910 4,882 64,019 8,975 364,596 Good or fairly good health 468,264 22,993 8,769 4,817 63,464 8,828 359,393

Not good health 6,490 379 141 65 555 147 5,203

All males aged 45 – 64 years 356,807 18,949 8,552 4,708 41,318 8,211 275,069 With limiting long-term illness 116,866 6,409 3,263 1,577 11,634 2,791 91,192 Good or fairly good health 52,818 2,859 1,488 772 6,002 1,410 40,287

Not good health 64,048 3,550 1,775 805 5,632 1,381 50,905

Without limiting long-term illness 239,941 12,540 5,289 3,131 29,684 5,420 183,877 Good or fairly good health 233,996 12,189 5,119 3,067 29,209 5,316 179,096

Not good health 5,945 351 170 64 475 104 4,781

All males aged 65 and over 211,447 9,609 6,752 3,836 29,921 5,022 156,307 With limiting long-term illness 122,106 5,844 4,240 2,257 15,659 2,890 91,216 Good or fairly good health 66,354 3,162 2,220 1,278 9,373 1,735 48,586

Not good health 55,752 2,682 2,020 979 6,286 1,155 42,630

Without limiting long-term illness 89,341 3,765 2,512 1,579 14,262 2,132 65,091 Good or fairly good health 86,431 3,636 2,413 1,529 13,953 2,080 62,820

Not good health 2,910 129 99 50 309 52 2,271

Table S137 Census 2001: Report on the Welsh language

Table S137

Sex and age and limiting long-term illness and general health by knowledge of Welsh - continued

All people aged 3 and over Wales

All people

Understands spoken Welsh only

Speaks but does not read or write Welsh

Speaks and reads but does not write Welsh

Speaks, reads and writes Welsh

Other combination of skills

No skills in Welsh

Notes: 1. General health refers to health over the 12 months prior to Census day (29 April 2001).

2. ‘Understands spoken Welsh only’ means the person understands spoken Welsh but has no other skills in the language.

Females 1,451,843 73,073 40,669 20,444 248,431 48,155 1,021,071

All females aged 3 – 15 years 238,415 9,732 13,482 3,992 76,201 12,606 122,402 With limiting long-term illness 10,318 437 665 202 2,829 534 5,651 Good or fairly good health 8,479 360 554 180 2,382 451 4,552

Not good health 1,839 77 111 22 447 83 1,099

Without limiting long-term illness 228,097 9,295 12,817 3,790 73,372 12,072 116,751 Good or fairly good health 227,359 9,269 12,754 3,779 73,158 12,015 16,384

Not good health 738 26 63 11 214 57 367

All females aged 16 – 44 years 554,308 28,746 10,258 6,217 84,147 14,721 410,219 With limiting long-term illness 60,658 3,277 1,323 659 6,076 1,525 47,798 Good or fairly good health 33,477 1,813 785 387 3,745 863 25,884

Not good health 27,181 1,464 538 272 2,331 662 21,914

Without limiting long-term illness 493,650 25,469 8,935 5,558 78,071 13,196 362,421 Good or fairly good health 484,024 24,946 8,753 5,442 77,055 12,931 354,897

Not good health 9,626 523 182 116 1,016 265 7,524

All females 45 – 64 years 365,793 20,270 7,745 4,716 45,278 11,979 275,805 With limiting long-term illness 113,156 6,428 2,713 1,489 11,204 3,746 87,576 Good or fairly good health 52,547 3,032 1,286 751 6,029 1,964 39,485

Not good health 60,609 3,396 1,427 738 5,175 1,782 48,091

Without limiting long-term illness 252,637 13,842 5,032 3,227 34,074 8,233 188,229 Good or fairly good health 245,626 13,444 4,887 3,133 33,489 8,039 182,634

Not good health 7,011 398 145 94 585 194 5,595

All females aged 65 and over 293,327 14,325 9,184 5,519 42,805 8,849 212,645 With limiting long-term illness 174,819 8,812 6,064 3,478 23,914 5,054 127,497 Good or fairly good health 90,200 4,559 3,086 1,860 13,663 2,913 64,119

Not good health 84,619 4,253 2,978 1,618 10,251 2,141 63,378

Without limiting long-term illness 118,508 5,513 3,120 2,041 18,891 3,795 85,148 Good or fairly good health 114,014 5,282 2,964 1,963 18,381 3,689 81,735

Not good health 4,494 231 156 78 510 106 3,413

Census 2001: Report on the Welsh language Table S138

Notes: 1. The occupation classification is SOC2000 (Standard Occupation Classification).

2. ‘Understands spoken Welsh only’ means the person understands spoken Welsh but has no other skills in the language.

ALL PEOPLE 1,186,256 64,105 23,964 14,203 164,072 28,258 891,654

1. Managers and senior officials 145,170 8,224 2,750 1,658 15,224 3,123 114,191 11. Corporate managers 100,336 5,482 1,751 1,111 9,861 2,239 79,892 12. Managers and proprietors in agriculture and services 44,834 2,742 999 547 5,363 884 34,299 2. Professional occupations 123,686 7,007 2,364 1,898 24,875 3,912 83,630 21. Science and technology professionals 30,757 1,483 461 326 3,406 695 24,386

22. Health professionals 11,252 574 196 175 1,541 275 8,491

23. Teaching and research professionals 57,249 3,507 1,249 1,026 15,922 2,231 33,314 24. Business and public service professionals 24,428 1,443 458 371 4,006 711 17,439 3. Associate professional and technical occupations 151,884 9,197 3,004 1,944 20,628 4,048 113,063 31. Science and technology associate professionals 24,981 1,252 380 261 2,746 602 19,740 32. Health and social welfare associate professionals 48,022 3,460 1,135 723 7,023 1,512 34,169 33. Protective service occupations 14,466 893 295 199 1,927 331 10,821 34. Culture, media and sports occupations 16,705 967 335 227 3,411 420 11,345 35. Business and public service associate professionals 47,710 2,625 859 534 5,521 1,183 36,988 4. Administrative and secretarial occupations 144,172 7,669 2,418 1,776 19,894 4,428 107,987 41. Administrative occupations 109,233 5,871 1,845 1,332 14,986 3,292 81,907 42. Secretarial and related occupations 34,939 1,798 573 444 4,908 1,136 26,080 5. Skilled trades occupations 159,374 8,585 3,773 1,894 25,775 2,847 116,500 51. Skilled agricultural trades 25,740 1,516 873 473 9,148 459 13,271 52. Skilled metal and electrical trades 62,439 3,147 1,186 609 6,922 1,125 49,450 53. Skilled construction and building trades 44,591 2,452 1,104 573 6,240 748 33,474 54. Textiles, printing and other skilled trades 26,604 1,470 610 239 3,465 515 20,305 6. Personal service occupations 88,225 5,240 2,227 1,202 13,764 2,250 63,542 61. Caring personal service occupations 65,484 3,961 1,751 929 10,652 1,700 46,491 62. Leisure and other personal service occupations 22,741 1,279 476 273 3,112 550 17,051 7. Sales and customer service occupations 94,704 4,601 1,626 962 12,098 2,585 72,832 71. Sales occupations 81,197 3,912 1,403 839 10,731 2,205 62,107 72. Customer service occupations 13,507 689 223 123 1,367 380 10,725 8. Process, plant and machine operatives 120,964 6,130 2,581 1,174 12,529 2,037 96,513 81. Process, plant and machine operatives 76,259 3,649 1,448 629 7,200 1,325 62,008 82. Transport and mobile machine drivers and operatives 44,705 2,481 1,133 545 5,329 712 34,505 9. Elementary occupations 158,077 7,452 3,221 1,695 19,285 3,028 123,396 91. Elementary trades, plant and storage related occupations 60,920 2,762 1,210 636 7,170 879 48,263 92. Elementary administration and service occupations 97,157 4,690 2,011 1,059 12,115 2,149 75,133

Males 636,452 33,030 13,098 7,350 82,063 12,271 488,640

1. Managers and senior officials 92,754 5,017 1,710 981 9,051 1,733 74,262 11. Corporate managers 66,705 3,483 1,103 677 6,139 1,317 53,986 12. Managers and proprietors in agriculture and services 26,049 1,534 607 304 2,912 416 20,276 2. Professional occupations 69,803 3,596 1,254 968 11,029 1,811 51,145 21. Science and technology professionals 26,575 1,241 400 274 2,837 565 21,258

22. Health professionals 6,784 325 123 85 921 143 5,187

23. Teaching and research professionals 20,900 1,155 439 374 4,836 671 13,425 24. Business and public service professionals 15,544 875 292 235 2,435 432 11,275 3. Associate professional and technical occupations 77,619 4,233 1,500 952 9,598 1,751 59,585 31. Science and technology associate professionals 19,547 946 306 201 2,081 418 15,595 32. Health and social welfare associate professionals 7,973 548 196 140 1,005 195 5,889 33. Protective service occupations 12,583 762 271 163 1,630 278 9,479 34. Culture, media and sports occupations 10,282 567 216 137 1,765 245 7,352 35. Business and public service associate professionals 27,234 1,410 511 311 3,117 615 21,270 4. Administrative and secretarial occupations 31,449 1,536 547 373 4,369 798 23,826 41. Administrative occupations 29,892 1,465 515 361 4,148 753 22,650 42. Secretarial and related occupations 1,557 71 32 12 221 45 1,176 5. Skilled trades occupations 142,029 7,520 3,381 1,693 22,321 2,387 104,727 51. Skilled agricultural trades 21,054 1,190 764 395 7,591 308 10,806 52. Skilled metal and electrical trades 60,955 3,074 1,158 594 6,785 1,096 48,248 53. Skilled construction and building trades 44,035 2,417 1,094 567 6,167 729 33,061 54. Textiles, printing and other skilled trades 15,985 839 365 137 1,778 254 12,612

Table S138

Sex and occupation by knowledge of Welsh

All people aged 16 – 74 in employment the week before the Census Wales

All people

Understands spoken Welsh only

Speaks but does not read or write Welsh

Speaks and reads but does not write Welsh

Speaks, reads and writes Welsh

Other combination

of skills No skills in Welsh

Table S138 Census 2001: Report on the Welsh language

Table S138

Sex and occupation by knowledge of Welsh - continued

All people aged 16 – 74 in employment the week before the Census Wales

All people

Understands spoken Welsh only

Speaks but does not read or write Welsh

Speaks and reads but does not write Welsh

Speaks, reads and writes Welsh

Other combination

of skills No skills in Welsh

Notes: 1. The occupation classification is SOC2000 (Standard Occupation Classification).

2. ‘Understands spoken Welsh only’ means the person understands spoken Welsh but has no other skills in the language.

Males - continued

6. Personal service occupations 14,480 888 379 207 1,942 261 10,803 61. Caring personal service occupations 7,246 483 214 118 1,026 131 5,274 62. Leisure and other personal service occupations 7,234 405 165 89 916 130 5,529 7. Sales and customer service occupations 24,522 1,213 430 249 3,101 553 18,976

71. Sales occupations 20,792 1,049 363 223 2,708 464 15,985

72. Customer service occupations 3,730 164 67 26 393 89 2,991 8. Process, plant and machine operatives 99,378 5,153 2,189 1,018 10,719 1,597 78,702 81. Process, plant and machine operatives 56,795 2,796 1,101 491 5,647 946 45,814 82. Transport and mobile machine drivers and operatives 42,583 2,357 1,088 527 5,072 651 32,888 9. Elementary occupations 84,418 3,874 1,708 909 9,933 1,380 66,614 91. Elementary trades, plant and storage related occupations 48,679 2,219 961 523 5,693 641 38,642 92. Elementary administration and service occupations 35,739 1,655 747 386 4,240 739 27,972

Females 549,804 31,075 10,866 6,853 82,009 15,987 403,014

1. Managers and senior officials 52,416 3,207 1,040 677 6,173 1,390 39,929

11. Corporate managers 33,631 1,999 648 434 3,722 922 25,906

12. Managers and proprietors in agriculture and services 18,785 1,208 392 243 2,451 468 14,023 2. Professional occupations 53,883 3,411 1,110 930 13,846 2,101 32,485 21. Science and technology professionals 4,182 242 61 52 569 130 3,128

22. Health professionals 4,468 249 73 90 620 132 3,304

23. Teaching and research professionals 36,349 2,352 810 652 11,086 1,560 19,889 24. Business and public service professionals 8,884 568 166 136 1,571 279 6,164 3. Associate professional and technical occupations 74,265 4,964 1,504 992 11,030 2,297 53,478 31. Science and technology associate professionals 5,434 306 74 60 665 184 4,145 32. Health and social welfare associate professionals 40,049 2,912 939 583 6,018 1,317 28,280 33. Protective service occupations 1,883 131 24 36 297 53 1,342 34. Culture, media and sports occupations 6,423 400 119 90 1,646 175 3,993 35. Business and public service associate professionals 20,476 1,215 348 223 2,404 568 15,718 4. Administrative and secretarial occupations 112,723 6,133 1,871 1,403 15,525 3,630 84,161 41. Administrative occupations 79,341 4,406 1,330 971 10,838 2,539 59,257 42. Secretarial and related occupations 33,382 1,727 541 432 4,687 1,091 24,904 5. Skilled trades occupations 17,345 1,065 392 201 3,454 460 11,773 51. Skilled agricultural trades 4,686 326 109 78 1,557 151 2,465 52. Skilled metal and electrical trades 1,484 73 28 15 137 29 1,202 53. Skilled construction and building trades 556 35 10 6 73 19 413 54. Textiles, printing and other skilled trades 10,619 631 245 102 1,687 261 7,693 6. Personal service occupations 73,745 4,352 1,848 995 11,822 1,989 52,739 61. Caring personal service occupations 58,238 3,478 1,537 811 9,626 1,569 41,217 62. Leisure and other personal service occupations 15,507 874 311 184 2,196 420 11,522 7. Sales and customer service occupations 70,182 3,388 1,196 713 8,997 2,032 53,856 71. Sales occupations 60,405 2,863 1,040 616 8,023 1,741 46,122 72. Customer service occupations 9,777 525 156 97 974 291 7,734 8. Process, plant and machine operatives 21,586 977 392 156 1,810 440 17,811 81. Process, plant and machine operatives 19,464 853 347 138 1,553 379 16,194 82. Transport and mobile machine drivers and operatives 2,122 124 45 18 257 61 1,617 9. Elementary occupations 73,659 3,578 1,513 786 9,352 1,648 56,782 91. Elementary trades, plant and storage related occupations 12,241 543 249 113 1,477 238 9,621 92. Elementary administration and service occupations 61,418 3,035 1,264 673 7,875 1,410 47,161

Census 2001: Report on the Welsh language Table S139

Note: 1. ‘Last worked in 2001’ means last worked in the four months before Census day (29 April 2001).

Table S139

Welsh speakers and economic activity and year last worked by age

All people aged 16 – 74 Wales

All

people 16 – 19 20 21 22 23 – 24 25 – 34 35 – 44 45 – 54 55 – 59 60 – 64 65 – 74

ALL PEOPLE 2,075,340 146,752 38,194 37,813 33,386 60,094 364,658 407,652 392,834 176,842 152,924 264,191 In employment 1,145,250 35,346 16,513 18,216 18,934 40,480 269,005 310,067 280,546 94,078 43,920 18,145 Economically active full-time student 47,759 29,183 4,754 3,646 1,964 1,768 3,149 1,846 866 208 199 176 Unemployed 72,481 9,572 2,832 2,678 2,327 3,851 17,774 14,766 11,651 4,471 1,970 589 Never worked 6,489 3,002 353 318 260 363 1,276 602 231 54 30 0 Last worked in 2001 21,479 3,034 1,115 920 865 1,439 5,224 4,041 3,182 1,100 440 119 Last worked in 2000 21,860 2,974 994 1,023 771 1,299 5,482 4,128 3,296 1,267 517 109 Last worked in 1999 7,351 440 206 248 240 360 2,005 1,734 1,326 499 239 54 Last worked in 1998 3,561 91 113 80 108 176 988 845 683 285 162 30

Last worked in 1997 1,996 22 35 51 38 71 570 524 414 162 80 29

Last worked in 1996 1,544 9 10 25 23 52 414 397 346 176 83 9 Last worked in 1991 – 1995 4,256 : 6 13 22 91 1,209 1,154 940 479 226 116 Last worked before 1991 3,945 : : : : : 606 1,341 1,233 449 193 123 Economically inactive 809,850 72,651 14,095 13,273 10,161 13,995 74,730 80,973 99,771 78,085 106,835 245,281 Never worked 109,020 53,649 4,457 3,753 2,812 3,719 13,288 10,575 7,804 3,903 4,661 399 Last worked in 2001 37,060 6,340 2,370 2,052 1,286 1,535 6,031 5,390 4,657 2,709 2,618 2,072 Last worked in 2000 76,522 9,844 4,990 4,730 3,321 3,537 11,813 8,581 9,232 6,699 7,749 6,026 Last worked in 1999 52,751 2,004 1,191 1,346 1,097 1,642 8,081 7,031 8,382 6,626 8,411 6,940 Last worked in 1998 44,040 564 580 684 694 1,147 6,399 5,393 7,085 5,712 8,220 7,562 Last worked in 1997 36,818 197 302 368 406 758 4,602 4,266 5,697 5,296 7,453 7,473 Last worked in 1996 37,055 53 144 225 325 606 4,003 4,087 5,440 5,260 7,254 9,658 Last worked in 1991 – 1995 155,560 : 61 115 220 1,051 12,699 14,283 18,937 17,555 25,876 64,763 Last worked before 1991 261,024 : : : : : 7,814 21,367 32,537 24,325 34,593 140,388 Welsh speakers 347,202 40,547 6,492 6,417 5,998 10,599 57,877 58,838 58,506 28,754 25,482 47,692 In employment 192,059 7,209 3,164 3,459 3,829 7,917 46,212 47,849 44,127 16,219 7,960 4,114 Economically active full-time student 12,657 9,243 919 678 341 249 523 344 181 59 75 45

Unemployed 10,074 1,539 404 409 363 595 2,384 1,766 1,585 652 294 83

Never worked 937 499 54 57 47 56 144 46 22 8 4 0

Last worked in 2001 3,018 517 169 150 120 227 696 478 410 153 75 23 Last worked in 2000 2,900 439 124 156 131 202 715 492 407 161 60 13 Last worked in 1999 1,056 65 38 22 35 63 302 219 186 79 42 5 Last worked in 1998 506 16 15 13 18 14 143 101 101 62 20 3

Last worked in 1997 273 3 4 6 7 14 64 67 70 25 10 3

Last worked in 1996 223 0 0 0 0 9 62 43 63 27 19 0

Last worked in 1991 – 1995 633 : 0 5 5 10 183 164 146 73 30 17 Last worked before 1991 528 : : : : : 75 156 180 64 34 19 Economically inactive 132,412 22,556 2,005 1,871 1,465 1,838 8,758 8,879 12,613 11,824 17,153 43,450 Never worked 24,054 18,206 699 580 403 388 1,001 753 733 515 696 80 Last worked in 2001 6,303 1,584 309 277 184 252 851 759 692 502 462 431 Last worked in 2000 11,744 2,221 672 635 477 489 1,546 969 1,246 1,076 1,275 1,138 Last worked in 1999 7,849 404 188 184 158 269 1,025 842 1,147 973 1,327 1,332 Last worked in 1998 6,669 95 72 89 113 169 891 656 977 868 1,343 1,396 Last worked in 1997 5,796 36 36 65 50 94 601 577 816 905 1,272 1,344 Last worked in 1996 5,872 10 16 28 56 65 533 504 714 853 1,292 1,801 Last worked in 1991 – 1995 23,937 : 13 13 24 112 1,513 1,611 2,385 2,714 4,282 11,270 Last worked before 1991 40,188 : : : : : 797 2,208 3,903 3,418 5,204 24,658 Non-Welsh speakers 1,728,138 106,205 31,702 31,396 27,388 49,495 306,781 348,814 334,328 148,088 127,442 216,499 In employment 953,191 28,137 13,349 14,757 15,105 32,563 222,793 262,218 236,419 77,859 35,960 14,031 Economically active full-time student 35,102 19,940 3,835 2,968 1,623 1,519 2,626 1,502 685 149 124 131 Unemployed 62,407 8,033 2,428 2,269 1,964 3,256 15,390 13,000 10,066 3,819 1,676 506 Never worked 5,552 2,503 299 261 213 307 1,132 556 209 46 26 0 Last worked in 2001 18,461 2,517 946 770 745 1,212 4,528 3,563 2,772 947 365 96 Last worked in 2000 18,960 2,535 870 867 640 1,097 4,767 3,636 2,889 1,106 457 96 Last worked in 1999 6,295 375 168 226 205 297 1,703 1,515 1,140 420 197 49 Last worked in 1998 3,055 75 98 67 90 162 845 744 582 223 142 27 Last worked in 1997 1,723 19 31 45 31 57 506 457 344 137 70 26 Last worked in 1996 1,321 9 10 25 23 43 352 354 283 149 64 9 Last worked in 1991 – 1995 3,623 : 6 8 17 81 1,026 990 794 406 196 99 Last worked before 1991 3,417 : : : : : 531 1,185 1,053 385 159 104

Table S139 Census 2001: Report on the Welsh language

Non-Welsh speakers - continued

Economically inactive 677,438 50,095 12,090 11,402 8,696 12,157 65,972 72,094 87,158 66,261 89,682 201,831 Never worked 84,966 35,443 3,758 3,173 2,409 3,331 12,287 9,822 7,071 3,388 3,965 319 Last worked in 2001 30,757 4,756 2,061 1,775 1,102 1,283 5,180 4,631 3,965 2,207 2,156 1,641 Last worked in 2000 64,778 7,623 4,318 4,095 2,844 3,048 10,267 7,612 7,986 5,623 6,474 4,888 Last worked in 1999 44,902 1,600 1,003 1,162 939 1,373 7,056 6,189 7,235 5,653 7,084 5,608 Last worked in 1998 37,371 469 508 595 581 978 5,508 4,737 6,108 4,844 6,877 6,166 Last worked in 1997 31,022 161 266 303 356 664 4,001 3,689 4,881 4,391 6,181 6,129 Last worked in 1996 31,183 43 128 197 269 541 3,470 3,583 4,726 4,407 5,962 7,857 Last worked in 1991 – 1995 131,623 : 48 102 196 939 11,186 12,672 16,552 14,841 21,594 53,493 Last worked before 1991 220,836 : : : : : 7,017 19,159 28,634 20,907 29,389 115,730

Note: 1. ‘Last worked in 2001’ means last worked in the four months before Census day (29 April 2001).

Table S139

Welsh speakers and economic activity and year last worked by age - continued

All people aged 16 – 74 Wales

All

people 16 – 19 20 21 22 23 – 24 25 – 34 35 – 44 45 – 54 55 – 59 60 – 64 65 – 74