T h i r d C o n f e r e n c e
of t h e
E u r o p e a n C h a p t e r
of t h e
A s s o c i a t i o n for
C o m p u t a t i o n a l L i n g u i s t i c s
P r o c e e d i n g s of t h e C o n f e r e n c e
1-3 A p r i l 1987
U n i v e r s i t y of C o p e n h a g e n
C o p e n h a g e n , D e n m a r k
©1987, Association for Computational Linguistics
Order copies of this and other ACL proceedings from:
P R E F A C E
We are very pleased that the Third Conference of the European Chapter of the
Association of Computational Linguistics took place in Copenhagen. There was a
substantial amount of interest in the Conference from a number of different perspectives.
First, we received more than 90 abstracts for reviewing, of which unfortunately we
could only accept slightly more than 50~. The programme showed a wide variety of
nationalities-although of course mostly Europeans, and a wide span of fields of interest.
The largest sessions were on parsing, grammar formalism and syntax, and machine
translation. Secondly, the conference attracted quite a large number of registrants (about
180) who contributed to its success by their active participation. Thirdly, a number of
publishers, software houses, and related organisations displayed information at the
meeting.
It is my impression that the European Chapter of ACL is getting mature. Although
the conference attracted contributions from all over the world, there were a very large
number of papers by Europeans that reflected research of particularly high quality. This
is to me the best proof that the computational linguistics community in Europe in general,
and the European Chapter of ACL in particular, is growing in a sound and solid way.
So many have contributed to the success of the conference: the primary credit, of
course, goes to the speakers. By their papers they established the quality of the
conference. Secondly, thanks should go to the referees and to the programme committee
members who did a thorough and conscientious j o b - i t was not easy to select the papers to
be presented. Thirdly, the work of the Organizing Committee is much appreciated. Last,
but not least, my special thanks to Kirsten Enevold and Dennis Hammeken who handled
all the communication with the participants and actually managed the conference
operations.
Bente Maegaard
Programme Committee Chair
A C K N O W L E D G E M E N T S
The ACL European Chapter wishes to express its appreciation to the Faculty of
Humanities of the University of Copenhagen, the Danish Research Council for the
Humanities, Computer Resources International, Borland International for their support
and to the following publishers who contributed to the book exhibition: W. H. Freeman
and Company, Kluwer Academic Publishers Group, MIT Press, and North Holland
Publishing.
A C L E U R O P E A N C H A P T E R O F F I C I A L S
Chain
Secretary:
Treasurem
Advisory Committee:
Nominating Committee:
Margaret King, ISSCO
Beat Buchmann, Automated Language Processing Systems
Michael Rosner, ISSCO
Benny Brodda, University of Stockholm
Maurice Gross, University of Paris
Christian Rohrer, University of Stuttgart
Giacomo Ferrari, University of Pisa
Gerald Gazdar, University of Sussex
Eva Hajicova, Charles University
Gerard Kempen, University of Nijmegen
C O N F E R E N C E
O R G A N I Z A T I O N
Chair:
Bente Maegaard, University of Copenhagen
Programme Committee:
Leonard Bolc, Warsaw University
Maurice Gross, University of Paris
Margaret King, ISSCO
Kimmo Koskenniemi, University of Helsinki
Winfried Lenders, University of Bonn
Bente Maegaard, University of Copenhagen
Stephen Pulman, Cambridge University
Local Arrangements:
RolfH. Christensen
BenteMaegaard
Peter Molbaek Hansen
Ebbe Spang-Hanssen
Torben Thrane
Giovanni Adorni
Branimir Boguraev
Edward T. Briscoe
Lauri Carlson
Aravind K. Joshi
Steven Krauwer
Leonardo Lesmo
Hanne Ruus
Petr Sgall
G. J. van der Steen
Gerd Willee
R E F E R E E S
Douglas J. Arnold
Christian Boitet
Benny Brodda
Joyce B. Friedman
Gerard Kempen
Tjoe-Liong Kwee
Domenico Parisi
Anna Sagvall Hein
Bengt Sigurd
Walther yon Hahn
Istvan S. Batori
David S. Bree
Harry Bunt
Giovanni Guida
Ewan Klein
Hubert Lehmann
Graeme Ritchie
Helmut Schnelle
Karen Sparck Jones
Wolfgang Wahlster
T A B L E O F C O N T E N T S
The Linguistic Basis of Text
Generation
(Invited Paper)
Laurence Danlos ... . ...
1
Noneoneatenative Finlte-State Morphology (Invited Paper)
Martin K a y ...
2
Formalisms for Morphographemic Description
Alan Black, Graeme Ritchie, Steve Pulman, G r a h a m Russell ...
11
Morphology in the EUROTRA Base Level Concept
Peter Lau, Sergei Perschke ...
19
A Morphological Processor for Modern Greek
Angels Ralli, Eleni Galiotou ... ...
26
A Generative Grammar Approach for the Morphologic and Morphosyntaetie Analysis of Italian
Marina Russo ...
32
How to Detect Grammatical Errors in a Text without Parsing It
Eric Steres Atwell ...
38
Automated Reasoning About Natural Language Correctness
Wolfgang Menzel ...
46
Towards an Integrated Environment for Spanish Document Verification and Composition
R. Casajuana, C. Rodriguez, L. Sopena, C. Villar ...
52
Pattern Recognition Applied to the Acquisition of a Grammatical Classification System from
Unrestricted English Text
.
Eric Staves Atwell, Nicos Frlxou Drakos ...
56
A Multi-Purpose Interface to an On-line Dictionary
Branimir Boguraev, David Carter, Ted Brlscoe ...
63
A Tool for the Automatic Creation, Extension and Updating of Lezieal Knowledge Bases
Walter M. P. Daelemans ...
70
Text Understanding with Multiple Knowledge Sources: An Experiment in Distributed Parsing
Cinzia Costantini, Danilo F u m , Giovanni Guida, Angelo Montanari, Carlo Tasso ... 75
An Automatic Speech Recognition System for the Italian Language
Paolo D ' O r t a , Marco Ferretti, Alessandro Martelli, Stefano Scarei ...
80
Multilevel Semantic Analysis in an Automatic Speech Understanding and Dialog System
Ute Ehrllch ...
84
Stochastic Modeling of Language Via Sentence Space Partitioning
Alex Martelli ...
91
Dictionary Organization for Machine Translation: The Experience and Implications of the
UMIST Japanese Project
Mary McGee Wood, Elaine Pollard, Heather Horsfall, Natsuko Holden, Brian Chandler,
Jeremy Carroll ...
94
Machine Translation, Linguistics, and Interlingua
P e t r Sgall, Jarmila P a n e v o v a ...
99
Fail-Soft ("Emergency") Measures in a Production- Oriented MT System
E v a Hajicova, Zdenek Kirschner ...
104
Reflex- A Context-Based Translation Aid
Ruslan - An MT System Between Closely Related Languages
J a n H a j i e ... ; . . . 113
Subgrammars, Rule Classes and Control in the Rosette Translation System
L i s e t t e A p p e l o , C a r o l F e l l i n g e r , J a n L a n d s b e r g e n . . . 118
A Model for Preference
D o m i n i q u e P e t i t p i e r r e , S t e v e n K r a u w e r , L o u i s des T o m b e , D o u g A r n o l d ,
G i o v a n n i B. Y a r i ] e . . . 134
Parsing into Discourse Object Descriptions
L a r s A h r e n b e r g . . . 140
Descriptional Anaphora in Discourse Representation Theory
M i c h a e l Hess . . . 148
A Proposal for Modifications in the Formalism of GPSG
J a m e s K i l b u r y . . . 158
String-Tree Correspondence Grammar: A Declarative Grammar Formalism for Defining the
Correspondence Between Strings of Terms and Tree Structures
Y u s o f f Z a h a r i n . . . 160
Danish Field Grammar in Typed Prolog
H e n r i k R u e . . . 167
Auxiliaries and Cllties in French UCG Grammar
K . B a s c h u n g , G. G. Bes, A . C o r l u y , T . G u i l l o t i n . . . 173
Natural and Simulated Pointing
D a g m a r S e h m a u k s . . . 179
Planning for Problem Formulation in Advice-Giving Dialogue
P a u l D e c i t r e , T h o m a s G r o s s i , Cleo J u l l i e n , J e a n - P h i l i p p e S o l v a y . . . 186
Modeling Extemporaneous Elaboration
M a r i e A . B i e n k o w s k i . . . 191
An Efficient Contezt-Free Parser for Augmented Phrase-Structure Grammars
M a s s i m o M e r i n o , A n t o n e l l a Spiezio, G i a c o m o F e r r a r i , I r i n a P r o d a n o f . . . 196
Discontinuous Constituents in Trees, Rules, and Parsing
H a r r y B u n t , J a n T h e s i n g h , K o v a n d e r S l o o t . . . 203
Deterministic Parsing and Unbounded Dependencies
T e d B r i s e o e . . . 211
Declarative Model for Dependency Parsing - A View into Blackboard Methodology
K . Y a l k o n e n , H. J a p p i n e n , A . L e h t o l a , M. Y l i l a m m i . . . 218
A Comparison of Rule-Invocation Strategies in Context-Free Chart Parsing
M a t s W i r e n . . . 226
Coping with Dynamic Syntactic Strategies: An Experimental Environment for an Experimental
Parser
O l i v i e r o S t o c k . . . 234
Acquisition of Conceptual Data Models from Natural Language Descriptions
W i l l i a m J. B l a c k . . . 241
A Structured Representation of Word-Senses for Semantic Analysis
M a r i a T e r e s a P a z i e n z a , P a o l a V e l a r d i . . . 249
Situations and Prepositional Phrases
E r i k C o l b a n , Jens E r i k F e n s t a d . . . 258
Temporal Reasoning in Natural Language Understanding: The Temporal Structure of the Narrative
A l e x a n d e r N a k h i m o v s k y ... 282
Iteration, Habituality and Verb Form Semantics
F r a n k v a n E y n d e ... 270
Integrating Semantics and Flexible Syntax by Exploiting Isomorphism Between Grammatical and
Semantical Relations
M o r e n a D a n i e l i , F r a n e o F e r r a r a , R o b e r t o G e m e l l o , C l a u d i o R u U e n t ... 278
Fraomentatlon and Part of Speech Disambi#uation
J e a n - L o u l s B i n o t ... 284
Finite State Processing of Tone Systems
D a f y d d G i b b o n ... 291
Representation of Feature Systems in a Non-Gonnectionist Molecular Machine
Laszlo K a l m a n ... 298
Some Remarks on Gase Relations
J u e r g e n K u n z e ... 302
Passives
S t e v e P u l m a n ... 306
Dealing with the Notion "Obligatory" in Syntactic Analysis
D o r o t h e e R e i m a n n ... 314
A U T H O R I N D E X
L a r s A h r e n b e r g . . . 1 4 0 L i s e t t e A p p e l o . . . 1 1 8 D o u g A r n o l d . . . 1 3 4 E r i c S t e v e n A t w e l l . . . 3 8 , 56
K.
B a s c h u n g . . . 1 7 3G. G.
B e s . . . 1 7 3 M a r i e A . B i e n k o w s k i . . . 1 9 1 J e a n - L o u i s B i n o t . . . 2 8 4 A l a n B l a c k . . . 11 W i l l i a m J . B l a c k . . . 2 4 1 B r a n i m i r B o g u r a e v . . . 63 T e d B r i s c o e . . . 6 3 , 2 1 1 H a r r y B u n t . . . 2 0 3 J e r e m y C a r r o l l . . . 9 4 D a v i d C a r t e r . . . 63 R . C a s a j u a n a . . . '. . . 52 B r i a n C h a n d l e r . . . 94 E r i k C o l b a n . . . 2 5 8 A . C o r l u y . . . 1 7 3 C i n z i a C o s t a n t i n i . . . 75 W a l t e rM. P.
D a e l e m a n s . . . 7 0 M o r e n a D a n i e l i . . . : . . . 2 7 8 L a u r e n c e D a n l o s . . . 1 P a u l D e c i t r e . . . 1 8 6 N i c o s F r i x o u D r a k o s . . . 56 U t e E h r l i c h . . . 8 4 C a r o l F e l l i n g e r . . . 1 1 8 J e n s E r i k F e n s t a d . . . 2 5 8 F r a n c o F e r r a r a . . . 2 7 8 G i a c o m o F e r r a r i . . . 1 9 6 M a r c o F e r r e t t i . . . 8 0 D a n i l o F u m . . . 75 E l e n i G a l i o t o u . . . 26 R o b e r t o G e m e l l o . . . 2 7 8 D a f y d d G i b b o n . . . 2 9 1 T h o m a s G r o s s i . . . 1 8 6 G i o v a n n i G u i d a . . . 75 T . G u i l l o t i n . . . 1 7 3 J a n H a j i c . . . 1 1 3 E v a H a j i c o v a . . . 1 0 4 M i c h a e l H e s s . . . 1 4 8 N a t s u k o H o l d e n , . . . 9 4 H e a t h e r H o r s f a l l . . . 9 4 H . J a p p i n e n . . . 2 1 8 C l e o J u l l i e n . . . 1 8 6 L a s z l o K a l m a n . . . 2 9 8 M a r t i n K a y . . . 2 J a m e s K i l b u r y . . . 1 5 6 Z d e n e k K i r s c h n e r . . . 1 0 4P a u l S o r e n K j a e r s g a a r d . . . 1 0 9 S t e v e n K r a u w e r . . . 1 3 4 J u e r g e n K u n z e . . . 3 0 2 J a n L a n d s b e r g e n . . . 1 1 8 P e t e r L a u . . . 19 A . L e h t o l a . . . 2 1 8 M a s s i m o M a r i n o . . . 1 9 6 A l e s s a n d r o M a r t e l l i . . . 8 0 A l e x M a r t e l l i . . . 91 W o l f g a n g M e n z e l . . . 4 6 A n g e l o M o n t a n a r i . . . . . . 75 A l e x a n d e r N a k h i m o v s k y . . . 2 6 2 P a o l o D ' O r t a . . . 80 J a r m i l a P a n e v o v a . . . 99 M a r i a T e r e s a P a z l e n z a . . . 2 4 9 S e r g e i P e r s c h k e . . . 19 D o m i n i q u e P e t i t p i e r r e . . . 1 3 4 E l a i n e P o l l a r d . . . 9 4 I r i n a P r o d a n o f . . . 1 9 6 S t e v e P u l m a n . . . 1 1 , 3 0 6 A n g e l a R a l l i . . . 26 D o r o t h e e R e i m a n n . . . 3 1 4 G r a e m e R i t c h i e . . . 11
