Ricardo Montezuma Msc, Ph.D.
Director Fundación Ciudad Humana Profesor Titular Universidad Nacional Bogotá - Colombia
Motorcycle as a new massive mode
of urban transportation:
a challenge for many LA countries, cities and citizens
Contents
Introduction: ¿Why motorcycle?
Conclusions
4. What to do?
1. Growth of motorcycle stock 2 . Causes of its increase?
3 . Externalities
Introduction:
Why motorcycle?
Why Motorcycle in LA?
It is the largest and most rapid transformation of urban transport in recent years.
New uses and users of motorcycle Increase road traffic injuries
Reduction of urban transport Environmental Pollution
Politicians and
technicians have not yet aware the
motorcycle and its magnitude
Motorcycle as a new massive mode:
new problems and challenges
Sincelejo, Colombia 2011
Ibagué, 2009
Ibagué, Colombia 2009
New uses and new users
Transportation Entertainment
Cargo Work/informal public transpor
Sincelejo, Colombia 2011
Rio de Janeiro, Brasil 2009 Cali, Colombia, 2009
Loja, Ecuador 2010
“Mototaxismo” is another big problem
No actions
Mototaxis were grown
Rural transport, 2010
Growth of the motorcycle stock
1
0
500.000 1.000.000 1.500.000 2.000.000 2.500.000
0 2.000.000 4.000.000 6.000.000 8.000.000 10.000.000 12.000.000
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007
Brasil Colombia Perú República Dominicana
Escala para Brasil Escala para los
demás paises
Motorcycles in Americas 2008
Fuente: Elaboración del autor, con base principalmente en el documento de la Organización Mundial de la Salud Informe sobre la situación mundial de la seguridad vial: es hora de pasar a la acción, Ginebra, 2009, p. 287.
Motorcycles in 2008
Fuente: Elaboración del autor, con base principalmente en el documento de la Organización Mundial de la Salud Informe sobre la situación mundial de la seguridad vial: es hora de pasar a la acción, Ginebra, 2009, p. 287.
% of motorcycles in the total of vehicles 2008
Brazil: 22%
Colombia: 39%.
Dominican Republic 58%
Peru 34%
In others countries less than 10%
% of motorcycles in the total of vehicles, LAC 2008
Curitiba, Brazil - 2009
Brazil: from1.5 at 15 m. in 20 years
1990 1.5 m.
2002 5 m.
2008 12 m.
Sao Paulo, Brazil - 2009
Caracas, Venezuela: no specific data
Buenos Aires – Argentina
nos aires, Argentina 2010:
Colombian stock evolution 1970-2008
Fuente: Base de datos del Ministerio de Transporte de Colombia. Gráfico elaborado por el autor.
Public and Legal incentifs for national production
Fuente: Base de Datos del Ministerio de Transporte de Colombia.
Colombian motorcycle stock 1990- 2008
Tipping point2004
Causes of increase of
the motorcycle
stock?
2
2. International Context
3. National Context
4 New strategies of marketing,
branding and selling
motorcycles
5. Urban
transportation problems
Fuente: Elaboración propia de la Fundación Ciudad Humana, con base en datos de ciudades colombianas, 2008.
Causes of increase of the motorcycle
stock
1. Motorcycles advantages And New motorcycles shoppers
New Users
• Bank credit access
• A more ‘urban life’ style
• Need to reduce times and costs of urban
transportation
• Need for new income
Fuente: Elaboración propia de la Fundación Ciudad Humana, con base en datos de ciudades colombianas, 2008.
Vehicle
• New image
• More Economic
• Rapid- versatile
• Multipurpose
• Transport freight and passegers
• New income generation
Motorcycles advantages New motorcycles shoppers
1, Motorcycles advantages and shoppers
2. International Context
Decrease of production costs in Asia
New «generic» brands Diversification and increase motorcycle offert
Very favorable legislation
Publics and legals incentives (directs and indirects)
More benefits than others
vehicles
No vehicles taxes
No road payments (tolls) No daily restrictions
No parking payments
3. National Context in Colombia
4. New strategies of marketing,
branding and selling motorcycle
Reduction of sales price Offer «generic» brands Selling in supermarkets Bank credit access
Good post-sale service Full national network
of distribution
4. New strategies of marketing,
branding and selling motorcycle
Reduction of sale price
Motorcyles in supermarkes
Dolar- 2000 CP
New generic brands
Motorcycles selling in the supermarkets
Today you can
find them at
any place
Congestion
High transportation costs Fuel
Fares Parking
5. Urban transportation problems
Transit Restrictions (Pico y placa)
Vehículo global: 2000
An new family vehicle
An new family vehicle
Public transport problems:
Bad quality Very slow Few services Overcharge Expensive
5. Public transportation problems
Daily cost to pay and
use a motorcycle
Is lower than
Public tranport
fare
Challenge motorcycles / public transportation
Graves impactos negativos para sociedad y usuarios
Accidentalidad Contaminación Sedentarismo
Externalities of
motorcycles use
3
Externalities of motorcycles use
Negatives
• Increases public health expenses
• Increases urban pollution
• Decreases public transport
• Decreases non-
motorized transport
• Increases urban traffic
Positives
• New industry
• Economic development
• Savings of time and money
• Increases in family incomes and urban trips
• Increases urban and rural
mobility
Externalities of motorcycles use
Road traffic injuries Pollution Physical inactivity Public health
Motorcycles and Road traffic deaths in
Colombia 98-09
Fuente: Gráfico elaborado por el autor. Forensis 1999-2008; DRIP, Sistema de información de violencia y accidentalidad del Instituto Nacional de Medicina Legal y Ciencias Forenses, 2009.
Fuente: Gráfico elaborado por el autor. Forensis 1999-2008, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Legal y Ciencias Forenses
Deaths by r oad user category in Colombia
96- 08
Fuente: Gráfico elaborado por el autor. Forensis 1999-2008, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Legal y Ciencias Forenses
Injuries by r oad user category in Colombia
96- 08
What we can do?
4
What to do? We need measures in a:
Immediately
Short term
Medium term
What to do immediately:
Protect vulnerable motorcyclist
Reduce
Deaths
Accidents Risks
Pollution
The use of helmet to reduce deaths
Montería, 2010
Sincelejo, 2010
Villavicencio, 2009
To reduce accidents:
Bright-Vest and lights all day
What to do immediately:
Challenge Measures
Reduce pollution -No two-stroke motorcylces
- Promote the use of electric vehicles
Protect vulnerable motorcycle users
- No childs < 11 years old (as passenger or driver)
- Pregnant women - Maximun 2 people Reduce risks
- Speed Limit
- No small motorcycles in freeways - Special/assigned lanes and spaces for
motrocycles
What to do : a middle term
Generate knowledge
Actions Challenges
New urban and rural reality
Medellín, 2009
Orientations for Actions
Users and Uses Vehicles
•Public policies
•Institutional and legal framework
Infraestructure and control
sellers
manufacturers condition
s to use
Users National
Lerning G.
and Licencing
Local G.
What to do : a middle term
Sao Paulo, Brazil - 2010 Sao Paulo, Brazil - 2010
Conclusions
The motorcycle is a new massive mode:
is a new urban, social, economical and
public health challenge
Motorcycle is a new massive mode
1. Motorcycle is transforming from a minority type of vehicle to a majority type of vehicle
4. New urban and rural reality: for public transportation and public health
5. Motorcycle is the most attractive and popular vehicle for many inhabitants in the world
3. New challenges at global, national and local levels 2. Institutional frameworks and public policies about
motorcycle are insufficiently developed or very limited
Next target in the market strategic
Nueva Loja, Ecuador, 2008
Lima, Perú. 2010
Attention to the new models
Adaptation in the bikes
Washington DC, 2010
http://elcorresponsal.blogia.com/2008/070104-proyectan-exonerar-a-los-ciclomotores-del-pago-de-patente-pero-excluyen-a-los-mo.php
Motorcyclist are a new a very strong Lobby
Motorcyclist in colombian Congress
Quibdo, Colombia 2010
Motorcycles are a new reality
For many, It is a necessity
Bogotá, 2010
Thanks
info@ciudadhumana.org www.ciudadhumana.org
