Power*Tools
®for Windows
™User's Guide
Electrical Engineering Analysis Software
for Windows
Copyright © 2006, SKM Systems Analysis, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
Information in this document is subject to change without notice. No part of this document may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, without the express written consent of SKM Systems Analysis, Inc. No patent liability is assumed with respect to the use of the information contained herein. Although every precaution has been taken in the preparation of this manual, the publisher and author assume no responsibility for errors or omissions. Neither is any liability assumed for damages resulting from the use of information contained herein. For information, address SKM Systems Analysis, Inc., PO Box 3376, Manhattan Beach, CA 90266-1376, USA.
©2006 SKM Systems Analysis, Inc. All rights reserved.
Power*Tools, CAPTOR and DAPPER are registered trademarks and HI_WAVE and I*SIM are trademarks of SKM Systems Analysis, Inc.
Microsoft is a registered trademark and Windows is a trademark of Microsoft Corporation. Intel is a registered trademark and Pentium is a trademark of Intel Corporation.
ACAD and AutoCAD are registered trademarks of AUTODESK, Inc. WordPerfect is a registered trademark of Novell, Inc.
Lotus and 1-2-3 are registered trademarks of Lotus Development Corporation. Arial is a registered trademark of The Monotype Corporation, PLC.
PIXymbols is a trademark of Page Studio Graphics
ImageStream Graphics Filters is a registered trademark and ImageStream is a trademark of ImageMark Software Labs, Inc.
PIXymbols™ Extended Character Set. Copyright ©1995. Page Studio Graphics. All rights reserved.
For information, address Page Studio Graphics, 3175 North Price Road, Suite 150, Chandler, AZ 85224. Phone/Fax: (602) 839-2763.
ImageStream Graphics & Presentation Filters. Copyright ©1991-1995. ImageMark Software Labs, Inc. All rights reserved.
Various definitions reprinted from IEEE Std 100-1992, IEEE Standard Dictionary of Electrical and Electronics Terms, copyright © 1992 by the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. The IEEE takes no responsibility or will assume no liability for the reader's misinterpretation of said information resulting from its placement and context in this publication. Information is reproduced with the permission of the IEEE.
MathType™ math equation editing fonts are licensed from Design Science, Inc. ©1987-1996 by Design Science, Inc. All rights reserved.
Contents
Before You Begin...xiii
Keyboard Conventions...xiii
Mouse Conventions...xiii
Technical Support ... xiv
Power*Tools Seminars... xv Limitations ... xv
1 INTRODUCTION... 1-1
1.1. Installing PTW ...1-2 1.1. UnInstalling PTW ...1-2 1.2. Projects...1-2 The One-Line Diagram ...1-3 The Component Editor ...1-4 1.3. Components and Attributes ...1-4 Components...1-5 Attributes...1-5 1.4. Queries ...1-5 1.5. Libraries...1-6 1.6. Studies ...1-7 1.7. Reports, Datablocks and Crystal Report ...1-7 1.7.1. Reports ...1-7 1.7.2. Datablocks...1-8 1.7.3. Crystal Reports ...1-10 1.8. Compatibility with Power*Tools for DOS ...1-10 1.9. Sharing Data with Other Applications...1-10 1.9.1. Edit and Print Reports in Word Processors ...1-11 1.9.2. Export One-Line Diagrams for Graphics and CAD Programs...1-11 1.10. On-Line Help ...1-122 GETTING STARTED...2-1
2.1. Starting PTW: Stand-Alone... 2-2 2.2. Starting PTW: LAN Users... 2-2 2.2.1. Changing Permission Status During a PTW Session... 2-3 2.2.2. Logging Out of PTW ... 2-4 2.3. Global Options ... 2-4 2.3.1. Setting Startup Options... 2-4 Opening the Most Recent Project Automatically ... 2-4 Enabling the Pentium™ Warning... 2-4 2.3.2. Setting Application Options ... 2-5 Setting the Display Standard... 2-5 Setting the System Frequency... 2-5 Setting the Units of Measurement... 2-5 Setting Event Message Options ... 2-5 2.4. Working with Projects ... 2-7 2.4.1. Creating a New Project ... 2-7 2.4.2. Building the Electrical System in a Project ... 2-8 2.4.3. Opening an Existing Project ... 2-8 2.4.4. Copying Projects... 2-9 2.4.5. Closing Projects ... 2-10 2.4.6. Deleting Projects... 2-10 2.4.7. Getting Project Statistics... 2-11 2.4.8. Backing Up Projects ... 2-11 2.4.9. Merging Projects... 2-12 2.4.10. Exporting Projects ... 2-12 Choosing Export Options ... 2-13 2.4.11. Database Utility ... 2-14 2.4.12. Compress Library ... 2-14 2.5. Working with Menu Commands ... 2-15 2.6. Working with the Status Bar ... 2-23 2.7. Working with Toolbars ... 2-233 ONE-LINE DIAGRAMS... 3-1
3.1. What is a One-Line Diagram?... 3-2 3.2. One-Line Diagrams and the Project Database... 3-3 3.2.1. ‘Components’ vs. ‘Symbols’ ... 3-3 Existing Components... 3-4 New Components... 3-4 3.2.2. Multiple One-Line Diagrams... 3-5 3.3. Creating and Opening One-Line Diagrams ... 3-6 3.3.1. Creating a New One-Line Diagram ... 3-6 3.3.2. Opening an Existing One-Line Diagram ... 3-6
3.4. The One-Line Diagram Interface ...3-6 3.4.1. Database-Related Objects...3-7 Symbol ...3-7 Component Name and Datablock...3-9 Connection ...3-9 3.4.2. User-Defined Objects...3-9 3.4.3. Mouse Pointers...3-9 3.5. Navigating the One-Line Diagram...3-10 3.5.1. Scrolling a One-Line Diagram ...3-10 3.5.2. Magnifying a One-Line Diagram ...3-11 Zooming In and Out ...3-11 Zoom Area...3-12 Zoom All ...3-12 Zoom Page...3-12 Find Component ...3-13 Aerial View ...3-13 3.6. Building the One-Line Diagram...3-14 3.6.1. Adding a New Component ...3-14 3.6.2. Adding a Symbol for an Existing Component ...3-15 Adding Symbols Individually ...3-15 Adding Symbols Using the Expand Command...3-16 3.6.3. Copy/Paste Components to New One-line ...3-17 3.6.4. Cloning Components...3-17 3.6.5. Connecting and Disconnecting Components...3-18 3.6.6. Making valid connections ...3-19 3.6.7. Bus versus Bus-Node ...3-20 3.6.8. Auto-Bus Insert ...3-21 3.6.9. Renaming Components ...3-22 3.6.10. Taking Components In and Out of Service ...3-23 3.6.11. Removing Symbols Versus Destroying Components ...3-23 3.7. Selecting Objects ...3-24 3.7.1. Selecting Individual Objects ...3-25 3.7.2. Selecting a Group of Objects ...3-25 3.7.3. Selecting All Objects...3-26 3.7.4. Running a Query to Select Objects ...3-26 3.8. Moving and Sizing Objects...3-28 3.8.1. Moving Objects ...3-28 3.8.2. Moving Connection Lines ...3-28 3.8.3. Sizing Bus Symbols ...3-29 3.8.4. Aligning and Distributing Objects ...3-30 Aligning Objects ...3-30 Distributing Objects ...3-30 3.9. Taking Components to the Component Editor ...3-31 3.10. Showing Project Data on a One-Line Diagram ...3-31
3.11. Customizing the One-Line Diagram ... 3-34 New Texblock... 3-35 Component Color... 3-35 Datablocks ... 3-35 Nametags ... 3-35 Connection Points... 3-35 Annotation ... 3-35 Annotation Line Style... 3-35 Symbol Rotation ... 3-35 Convert to Bus Node ... 3-35 Convert to Bus ... 3-35 Symbol Selection ... 3-35 3.12. Annotating the One-Line Diagram with Textblocks ... 3-36 3.12.1. Working with Textblocks ... 3-38 Moving a Textblock Leader... 3-38 Sizing a Textblock ... 3-39 3.13. Exporting One-Line Diagrams ... 3-39 3.14. Changing Colors and Fonts ... 3-41 3.15. Creating Custom Symbols ... 3-43 3.15.1. Starting the Symbol Generator ... 3-43 3.15.2. Creating Custom Symbols ... 3-45 3.15.3. Using Custom Symbols on a One-Line ... 3-47 3.16. Using 1- and 2-Node Annotations... 3-48 3.16.1. Adding annotations to the One-Line... 3-48 3.17. Symbol Rotation ... 3-50
4 COMPONENT EDITOR...4-1
4.1. What is the Component Editor?... 4-2 4.2. Opening the Component Editor ... 4-2 4.3. Using the Component Editor ... 4-2 4.3.1. Components Box ... 4-3 4.3.2. Component Subviews Box ... 4-4 4.3.3. Component Set Option Buttons ... 4-4 4.4. Navigating the System ... 4-5 4.5. Building the System ... 4-6 4.5.1. Adding a New Component ... 4-6 4.5.2. Cloning a Component ... 4-7 4.5.3. Connecting and Disconnecting Components ... 4-7 4.5.4. Renaming Components... 4-8 4.5.5. Taking Components In and Out of Service ... 4-8 4.5.6. Destroying Components ... 4-9
4.6. Entering Component Data...4-9 4.6.1. Copy / Paste Data ...4-10 4.6.2. Save Data as Default ...4-10 4.7. Running a Query to Limit the Component Set...4-10 4.8. Showing System Data in the Datablock Subview ...4-12 4.9. Buses ...4-13 4.10. Cables ...4-14 4.11. Two-Winding Transformers ...4-14 4.12. Three-Winding Transformers...4-15 4.13. Pi Impedances...4-15 4.14. Transmission Lines ...4-15 4.15. Utilities ...4-16 4.16. Generators ...4-16 4.17. Non-Motor Loads ...4-17 4.18. Induction Motors...4-17 4.19. Synchronous Motors ...4-18 4.20. Protective Devices...4-18 4.21. Filters...4-19 4.22. Load Schedules ...4-20 4.22.1. Schedule Subview ...4-20 4.22.2. Panel, MCC, or Switchboard subview ...4-21 Assigning Bus Loads and Sub-Feeds to the Schedule...4-21 Adding Little Loads to Circuits...4-27 4.22.3. Load Schedule Reports...4-28
5 DATABLOCKS... 5-1
5.1. What is a Datablock? ...5-2 5.2. Parts of a Datablock...5-4 5.3. Applying Datablock Formats ...5-45.4. Viewing Datablocks ... 5-6 5.4.1. Viewing Datablocks on a One-Line Diagram... 5-6 5.4.2. Viewing Datablocks with the Probe ... 5-6 5.4.3. Viewing Datablocks in the Component Editor ... 5-7 5.5. Creating Datablock Formats ... 5-8 5.5.1. Editing the Attribute Template ... 5-9 5.5.2. Using the Show Zero Value/Blank Text check box ... 5-9 5.6. Editing Datablock Formats... 5-10 5.7. Copying and Deleting Datablock Formats ... 5-11 5.8. Creating and Printing Datablock Reports ... 5-11 5.8.1. Creating, Saving, and Printing Datablock Reports ... 5-12 5.8.2. Formatting the Datablock Report ... 5-13 5.8.3. Choosing What Data will Appear... 5-13 5.8.4. Choosing Components for Reporting ... 5-13 For the Component Editor ... 5-13 For a One-Line Diagram... 5-13 For a TCC Drawing ... 5-14 5.9. Creating User-Defined Fields ... 5-15 5.9.1. Text Fields versus Numeric Fields ... 5-19 5.9.2. Date, Time and Currency Fields ... 5-20 5.9.3. Changing data in a User-Defined Field ... 5-20 5.9.4. Querying with User-Defined Fields... 5-21 5.9.5. Displaying User-Defined Field data ... 5-22 5.9.6. Copying User-Defined Fields to Other Projects ... 5-23
6 QUERIES... 6-1
6.1. What is a Query? ... 6-2 6.2. Before Running a Query ... 6-2 6.3. Running a Query ... 6-3 6.3.1. Responding to Query Prompts... 6-4 6.4. Query Results in the Component Editor vs. the One-Line Diagram ... 6-5 6.4.1. Query Results in the Component Editor ... 6-5 6.4.2. Query Results in a One-Line Diagram... 6-6 6.5. Organizing Queries... 6-6 6.6. Copying and Deleting Queries ... 6-76.7. Custom Queries ...6-7 6.7.1. Query Building Blocks...6-7 Condition Line...6-8 Sample Condition lines ...6-10 6.7.2. Adding Custom Queries ...6-11 6.7.3. Removing Condition Lines and Component Sets ...6-12 6.8. Advanced Queries ...6-13 6.8.1. Adding Boolean Operators...6-13 6.8.2. Changing Boolean Operator Precedence...6-15
7 REPORTS ... 7-1
7.1. What is a Report?...7-2 7.2. Creating and Opening Reports ...7-2 7.2.1. Creating Reports...7-2 7.2.2. Opening an Existing Report ...7-3 7.3. The Report Interface...7-3 7.4. Navigating the Report...7-4 7.4.1. Scrolling a Report...7-4 7.4.2. Moving to a Specific Line ...7-4 7.5. Working with Text ...7-5 7.5.1. Copying, Pasting, and Deleting Text...7-5 7.5.2. Finding and Replacing Text ...7-5 Finding Text ...7-6 Replacing Text ...7-6 7.6. Setting Report Options ...7-7 7.7. Opening Reports in Other Applications...7-8 7.8. Crystal Reports...7-9 7.8.1. Differences between PTW Reports and Crystal Reports ...7-9 7.8.2. Opening a Crystal Report ...7-10 7.8.3. Parts of a Crystal Report ...7-12 7.8.4. Exporting a Crystal Report...7-12 7.8.5. Running a Crystal Query...7-13 7.8.6. Using the Crystal Query Editor ...7-14 And/Or Logic ...7-14 Choosing Subreports ...7-16 7.8.7. Creating your own Crystal Reports ...7-17 Connecting a Crystal Report to PTW through ODBC ...7-18 PTW’s Database Structure ...7-198 LIBRARIES... 8-1
8.1. What is a Library? ...8-28.2. Managing Libraries ... 8-4 8.2.1. Creating a New Library ... 8-4 8.2.2. Opening an Existing Library ... 8-4 8.2.3. Copying and Renaming Libraries ... 8-5 8.2.4. Compressing PTW Library Files ... 8-5 8.2.5. Library Backup ... 8-5 8.2.6. Copying Between Multiple Libraries... 8-5 8.3. Changing Project Library References ... 8-6 8.3.1. Changing Current Library References During a Project... 8-7 8.4. Adding and Editing Library Entries... 8-8 8.5. Copying Library Entries... 8-8 8.6. Cable Library... 8-9 8.6.1. Editing the Cable Library ... 8-9 8.6.2. Viewing the Circular Mils for the Cable Library... 8-12 8.6.3. Viewing the Derating Factors for the Cable Library ... 8-12 8.7. Demand Load Library ... 8-13 8.7.1. Using the Demand Load Library ... 8-13 8.8. Motor Control Center Library... 8-14 8.8.1. Using the Motor Control Center Library ... 8-14 8.8.2. Viewing the Accessory Groups for the Motor Control Center Library ... 8-15 8.9. Transformer Library... 8-16 8.9.1. Using the Transformer Library ... 8-16 8.10. CAPTOR Library... 8-17 8.11. TMS Library ... 8-17 8.12. I*SIM Library... 8-18 8.13. HI_WAVE Library... 8-18 8.14. Standard Transmission Line Library ... 8-19 8.14.1. Technical Data ... 8-20 8.15. 3-Phase Transmission Line Library... 8-21 8.16. Bus Library ... 8-21 8.17. Reliability Library ... 8-22
9 PRINTING... 9-1
9.1. Before Printing... 9-2 9.1.1. Selecting a Printer... 9-2 9.1.2. Printing ... 9-29.2. Things to Consider when Printing a One-Line...9-3 9.2.1. Previewing a One-Line Diagram...9-3 9.2.2. Layout Options...9-4 Working with Page Guides ...9-5 9.3. What is a Form? ...9-6 9.4. Creating a New Form...9-8 9.4.1. Assigning Paper Size and Border Coordinates for the Form ...9-8 9.4.2. Formatting Areas on the page ...9-9 Formatting the One-Line Areas...9-11 Formatting the Report Areas ...9-12 Formatting the TCC Drawing Areas ...9-12 Formatting the Title Block Areas ...9-14 Formatting the Plot Areas...9-15 Formatting the Picture Areas...9-16 9.4.3. Setting the Project Options for the Title Block and Picture Areas ...9-17 9.5. Printing Using a Form ...9-17 9.5.1. Previewing a Form Before Printing...9-18 9.5.2. Printing a Group of Documents (Batch Printing)...9-19
APPENIX A ...1
IMPORTING DOS PROJECTS...1
A.1 DAPPER Import ... 2
Schedules... 2
Motors ... 3
2-Winding and 3-Winding Transformers ... 4
A.1.2 Converting Special Bus Loads ... 6
Special Bus Load Conversion Values ... 7
A.1.3 Converting End Use Loads... 7
End Use Load Conversion Values... 8
A.1.4 Merging Machines and Fault Contributions... 9
Methodology ... 10
A.2 Notes on Importing... 10
A.3 Converting Older DOS Projects ... 11
A.4 Running Import for CAPTOR Projects ... 13
A.4.1 Device Not Found message ... 15
A.5 Running Import for CAPTOR Libraries ... 17
APPENIX B...1
A.1 General Protection Fault on Start-up ...2
A.2 General Protection Fault while running PTW Program...2
A.3 Important Project Files ...3
A.4 Invalid Connections ...4
Before You Begin
Before you start reading this User’s Guide, you should understand some of the terms that will be used frequently.
Keyboard Conventions
Key names are shown in small capitals, for example, "press the R key." Special keys are referenced according to their names on an extended keyboard. For instance, the Escape key is referenced as the ESC key.
Key Comments
Shortcut Keys These are special key combinations or sequences that perform many of the same functions as menu options and help to speed work. With shortcut keys, CTRL+L means to hold down the CTRL while pressing L. ALT, L means to press and release the
ALT key then press and release the L key. For menu commands that have shortcuts, the
equivalent shortcut keys are shown in parentheses after the menu item. For example: Choose Find from the Edit menu (CTRL+F).
TAB When working in dialog boxes (such as the Component Editor) you can use the tab key to advance the cursor to the next dialog box option, including buttons and list boxes. The cursor moves through the options from left to right and from top to bottom. To tab in reverse order, press SHIFT+TAB. Numeric keypad keys If your keyboard has a keypad, you can type all
numeric data entry with the keypad, provided that
the NUM LOCK key is turned on. (Press the NUM
LOCK key at the upper left corner of most keypads.)
Mouse Conventions
The following table presents mouse terms that are used consistently throughout the documentation:
The term Means
Mouse pointer or pointer The cursor controlled by the mouse (or certain keys) and that allows the user to perform functions. Whenever possible, a graphic of the mouse pointer is included with the documentation instructions. Point to Using the mouse, move the mouse pointer until the
tip of the mouse pointer rests on the object you want to select.
Click Press and quickly release the left mouse button. Right click Press and quickly release the right mouse button.
The term Means
Double Click Click twice in rapid succession. Unless otherwise indicated, double click always refers to the left mouse button.
Drag Point to an object, then press and hold the mouse key as you move the mouse.
Technical Support
SKM provides technical support for installing and using PTW. This support is provided free of charge for one year from the data of purchase and entitles you to free product updates, if any updates are issued within that year. At the end of the first year, SKM will notify you by mail that your maintenance and support service is about to expire, at which time you have the option of renewing maintenance for a fee. If you would like a copy of the maintenance pricing schedule, call or fax SKM at the number below or visit SKM’s web site www.skm.com
System design or analysis is not included as part of the maintenance and support service. You can get design consultation support through consulting services available from many engineering firms. SKM cannot offer support pertaining to the use of AutoCAD or any other CAD software, except where it involves the SKM interface. Consult the CAD manual for technical support phone numbers.
To reach SKM technical support
• Call (310) 698-4700
• Fax (310) 698-4708
Monday - Thursday 7:00 AM to 5:00 PM Pacific Standard Time Friday 7:00 AM to 12:00 PM Pacific Standard Time If we can’t resolve your problem by telephone, you can submit results for review. SKM requests that the Project Files, Library Files and the user's technical evaluation of the problem be submitted. SKM cannot evaluate the problem without this documentation. Submit all such materials to:
SKM Systems Analysis, Inc. Attn: Technical Support P.O. Box 3376
Manhattan Beach, CA 90266 Or by email to [email protected]
Interpreting and applying Study results is the responsibility of the application engineer. SKM assumes no responsibility for direct, indirect damages or consequential damages incurred by use of the SKM software.
Power*Tools Seminars
SKM offers instructional seminars on the entire line of Power*Tools products for Windows and DOS. The seminars lead users through the process of modeling network topologies, running Studies, interpreting results, and understanding the software methodology.
Seminars are held several times each year in Manhattan Beach, California. Enclosed in this PTW package you will find a schedule and an enrollment form detailing specific seminar dates for the current or upcoming calendar year. If you would like to attend a seminar, return the enrollment form to SKM.
If your company has a large number of Power*Tools users and would like to arrange an on-site class, please call SKM for further information at (310) 372-0088 or check our web site at www.skm.com.
Limitations
Power*Tools for Windows has the following constraints:
PTW-Light 50 Bus, 150 total Components
PTW/50 50 Bus, Unlimited Components
PTW/100 100 Bus Unlimited Components
PTW/300 300 Bus Unlimited Components
PTW/1000 1000 Bus Unlimited Components
PTW/2000 2000 Bus Unlimited Components
Demand Load Study Radial Systems Only
Note: While the Demand Load Study requires a radially-configured system, PTW automatically inspects for looped systems, temporarily opens the loops to perform the analysis, then closes the loops again. The entire process is invisible to the user.
Load Schedule Reporting Radial/Loop Systems
Sizing Study Radial/Loop Systems
Load Flow Study Radial/Loop Systems
Short Circuit Study Radial/Loop Systems
A maximum of ten independent power systems can be examined with all Studies, except for the Short Circuit Study, which can examine any number of independent power systems. The Load Schedule Reporting limits the maximum number of connections to any one load center to 42. If more than 42 connections exist, it is recommended that two buses be created and named Section 1 and Section 2. The two sections can be connected by a low impedance cable, since there must be some impedance between two buses.
1 Introduction
We know you’re anxious to get started, and we are too. But before jumping into Power*Tools for Windows, we recommend that you take the time to read this chapter. It will familiarize you with some of the main Power*Tools for Windows (PTW) terms and concepts, show you main functions and environments, and help make your first experience more productive.
After reviewing this section, we recommend the tutorial as a great place to start. It takes you through a sample Project step by step, showing you all of the important stops along the way to completing your Studies and One-Line Diagrams.
IN THIS CHAPTER
1.1. Installing PTW... 1-2 1.1. UnInstalling PTW... 1-2 1.2. Projects ... 1-2 1.3. Components and Attributes ... 1-4 1.4. Queries... 1-5 1.5. Libraries... 1-6 1.6. Studies ... 1-7 1.7. Reports, Datablocks and Crystal Report... 1-7 1.8. Compatibility with Power*Tools for DOS ... 1-11 1.9. Sharing Data with Other Applications... 1-11 1.10. On-Line Help ... 1-12
1.1. Installing PTW
For installation instructions, please refer to the separate instruction
sheet that came with PTW.
You should refer to the separate sheet that came with PTW because it contains information specific to the hardware or software key that came with the program. The general procedure for standalone computers, though, involves these steps: 1. Run the Setup program from the CD.
2. Run the Key Utility program.
• You will be prompted at the end of the CD installation regarding whether you want to run the Key Utility program. You only need to run the Key Utility program for first time installation. The Key Utility program can also be accessed from Start>Programs>Power*Tools for Windows>Key Utility.
If you are installing PTW on a network and cannot find the separate instruction sheet, please contact SKM or retrieve it from the PTW CD.
1.1. UnInstalling PTW
To uninstall PTW, just click Start>Programs>Power*Tools for Windows>Uninstall. Any Projects and Libraries that have been modified will not be deleted. Also, the font files installed by PTW (Fences, MT Symbol, MT Extra, PIXymbols Extended, and PIXymbols Extended Bold) will not be deleted.
1.2. Projects
Whenever you work in PTW, you work on a Project. A Project is the total electrical system you create in PTW⎯the buses, cables, transformers, motors, transmission lines, and other electrical components. At times you might want to view only a portion of the electrical system (you might focus on a single branch of a One-Line Diagram, for example), or you might view the Project in one of PTW’s various formats⎯in Report form, in One-Line Diagram form, in list form via the Component Editor⎯but the Project itself never changes, for it always contains the complete electrical system. Thus, if you destroy a motor from the Project’s Component Editor, it will also be destroyed from the Project’s One-Line Diagram, since the One-Line Diagram accesses that same system. The One-Line Diagram and the Component Editor represent the primary editing environments in PTW. In either of these environments, components can be added to, connected to, or deleted from the Project; the primary difference between the editing environments is the user interface. The One-Line Diagram works visually; with it, you can create electrical systems by moving component symbols onto a drawing area and
connecting them to form your network topology. The Component Editor is tabular, displaying component data in a dialog box. As described above, both editors access the same Project and are therefore completely interactive. But what about consistency? What happens if you delete a motor from a Component Editor? Will it still be on your One-Line Diagrams? The really nice part about PTW is that the Component Editor and all One-Line Diagrams keep an active link to the Project Database, as shown in the following picture:
Project Database
Live Data Link
The One-Line Diagram
The PTW One-Line Diagram is a visual design environment for building a classic one-line diagram, but is much more powerful. One-Line Diagrams are not simply drafting tools in PTW, but actual modeling tools that you can use to build your power system and analyze the results. You create a network topology by simply selecting component symbols from a toolbar, and moving them onto the drawing area. To connect components, drag lines between them. You can also expand and collapse portions of the one-line, which is particularly helpful when you’ve added components in the Component Editor and want to see them automatically displayed on the One-Line Diagram.
This method of building the network simultaneously creates a network one-line diagram, and establishes component records and connections in the Project. So when you add a component to a One-Line Diagram, that component is immediately available from the Component Editor.
.
While working in the One-Line Diagram, you can switch to the Component Editor at any time. PTW’s accelerated link lets you switch to the Component Editor by simply double-clicking the component you want to edit.
To add a component to the One-Line Diagram, click it on the toolbar. . .
. . .and place it on the One-Line Diagram area.
For a detailed description of the One-Line Diagram, refer to the “One-Line Diagrams” chapter.
The Component Editor
The Component Editor is a dynamic dialog box used primarily for entering or changing the attributes of electrical components. For instance, if you’ve created a synchronous motor using the One-Line Diagram, you can enter detailed component data using the Component Editor.
In the Components box, you can select the component you want to look at, and the corresponding data appears on the right. Some components have more than one “page” of data, and each page of data is referred to as a subview. Above the list of components is a list of subviews available for that component type. To switch to a different subview, simply select the new subview from the list.
Components can be added to and deleted from the network using the Component Editor, and PTW simplifies this task by transferring data from connected components to the new component. For example, if you attach a new motor to an existing bus, that motor picks up the bus voltage automatically.
The Component Editor also controls the link to your library data. Simply select the cable or transformer key you want to use for that component, and PTW imports the data. For a detailed description of the Component Editor, refer to the “Component Editor” chapter.
1.3. Components and Attributes
The terms components and attribute refer to the data which you work with in the Project. A component is the smallest totally discrete unit of data that the Project holds. An attribute is a characteristic or property of the component.
Choose the subview you want to see from the available list...
...and detailed data for the selected components are shown on the right.
Components
The smallest discrete physical or theoretical unit of a Project is called a component. Components include such electrical devices as cables, transformers, motors, generators and transmission lines; and such theoretical entities as pi equivalent impedances, loads, and buses. One Project can contain hundreds or even thousands of components.
Attributes
Each component contains certain characteristics such as length, rated voltage, and so on. The characteristics belonging to a component depend upon the component type. For example, cables have a length associated with them, but induction motors do not. All of these characteristics are called attributes, and attributes are stored with the component, so that each component can be thought of as a single object comprising a collection of attributes.
1.4. Queries
If you’ve ever worked with a computer database, you are probably familiar with the term “query.” In its most fundamental sense, a query is a limiting function that compares all of the records in a database to a set of user-defined criteria, and displays only the records that meet those criteria. In a customer database, for example, you might a want list all clients who live in Texas, or who have a particular product. These data can be searched because of the way that the database organizes information.
The PTW Project is no different. Each component in the Project represents a single object (and a component can be a literal component, like a motor, or a theoretical component, like a pi equivalent impedance). Each of these components has associated characteristics such as voltage, length, kVA, and so on. PTW provides a sophisticated query function that lets you search on any of these characteristics, limiting your component list to particular kinds of components, or even a particular voltage range. For example, using a query, you can look at all large motors, three winding transformers, cables longer than 1000 feet, or almost any component you want. Additionally, once a Study is completed, for example the short circuit Study, you can build a query to list all buses with a fault duty greater than a pre-selected value. In fact, any data item for any component type can be queried.
The query function is available from both editing environments in PTW: the Component Editor and One-Line Diagrams, and the way in which results are displayed depends upon which is active.
When you first access the query dialog box, you will find several pre-defined queries that search on the most common criteria. You can also create your own queries with just a few mouse clicks, all of which make queries an extremely powerful tool.
For more information on queries, see the “Queries” chapter. See also the “Component Editor” and “One-Line Diagrams” chapters for information on how query results vary according to the editing environment.
1.5. Libraries
As its name implies, a library stores standard reference data for a particular component type. You can use libraries to speed up the process of entering data for network
components. For example, you may have a power system that contains several Aluminum 600V, 250 kcmil cables. Instead of having to type in all of the impedance, raceway and ground wire size data for each cable, you can use the Component Editor to pick the cable library component you want, and PTW automatically fills in the rest of the data for you.
Select the query you want to run...
... and click the Run button.
You can also edit queries, or create custom ones.
You can also edit any library data and add new components to meet the needs of your particular system. By customizing your libraries, the data more exactly models your system and provides consistent values for the best possible calculations.
You can also create multiple libraries for use within the same Project or different projects. For example, you may make changes to the library for each particular Project, to reflect international standards, or you may be working on a joint Project with a colleague sharing libraries. You can change your library and PTW updates your components so that your data is current and accurate at all times. By customizing and maintaining different libraries, you have tremendous power and flexibility to interchange the libraries within the same Project or between different projects.
For more information on libraries, see the “Libraries” chapter.
1.6. Studies
Studies are the heart of PTW: they analyze and evaluate your network and generate report results for the load flow, voltage drop, demand loads, and so on. Since each has its own procedures, specific usage is discussed in the Reference Manual for that Study.
1.7. Reports, Datablocks and Crystal Report
After you run Studies, you have access to a tremendous amount of information, and you can look at that information in different ways to meet specific needs.
PTW provides three principle methods of looking at your Study data: reports, datablocks and Crystal reports.
1.7.1. Reports
Each Study type generates a pre-formatted ASCII text file report that presents an in-depth analysis of your entire system. PTW automatically generates a report for every Study you run. You decide what the reports are named and where they are stored. Note that reports
are not linked interactively to the Project: each report represents a snapshot of your system at a moment in time, but will not change as you change system parameters.
Because reports are standard ASCII text files, you can open them in PTW’s built-in text editor, or in most popular word processing programs. Once opened, you can edit reports as you would any other text file.
Reports typically run to several pages in length, and can be used for presentations and system-wide troubleshooting. But they may not always be the best format for finding very specific data, or for analyzing the Study results on a particular component. For this reason, you can also see your input and output data in datablocks. For more information on reports, see the “Reports” chapter.
1.7.2. Datablocks
Datablocks keep important Project data at your fingertips. Using datablocks, you can set up and view component attributes in a unique format for each component type, and save each named format in a datablock file. For instance, you can set up a datablock that displays the connected kVA and the connected power factor for cables. The datablock formats can consist of any component attributes you want to include. They may consist of input data, output data, or a combination of both.
You can create as many named datablock formats as you want, each of which can be very simple or extremely complex. One datablock format might include a few data for buses alone, whereas another might include several data items for each available component type.
For more information on formatting datablocks, see the “Datablocks” chapter.
You can view datablock formats in the datablock subview of the Component Editor or on a One-Line Diagram. You have two options for viewing datablocks on a One-Line Diagram. First, by using the probe, you can click on any component and see its datablock in a temporary popup window. Second, you can view all datablocks on the surface of the One-Line Diagram, and move them as discrete objects.
Datablocks may also be printed in a special report called a Datablock Report. These provide extreme power and flexibility because you can include whatever data you want about each component.
Select the attribute you want to include in the datablock.
Datablocks on the One-Line Diagram .... You can select the component type for which you want to create a datablock ...
... in the Component Editor ...
. . .and adjust the display format so that it’s just as you want it to appear on the screen.
... in the One-Line Diagram probe.
Each of these datablock locations can be assigned different datablock formats: you can look at load flow data in your Component Editor, while looking at demand load data in the One-Line Diagram.
1.7.3. Crystal Reports
Crystal Reports provide an alternative method for viewing input data and output results. A Crystal Report is similar to a Datablock report since it reads data from the project database, however the Crystal Reports can include sophisticated formatting for professional tabular output. The custom report formats can contain multiple fonts and bitmaps, page orientation specifications, query support and can be exported to a variety of popular formats.
Crystal Report Sample For more information on
Crystal Reports, see the “Crystal Reports” chapter.
... and in a Datablock report spreadsheet format
1.8. Compatibility with Power*Tools for DOS
Using Import, a separate program that comes with PTW, you can convert an existing Power*Tools for DOS projects and/or libraries into the PTW format in a matter of minutes. You don’t have to re-enter your data, or re-define connections; Import takes care of that for you. You are then ready to run Studies immediately. After you import your Project, you can use the Expand command in a One-Line Diagram to automatically generate your one-line branch by branch. See the “Import chapter” for more information about importing DOS Projects.
1.9. Sharing Data with Other Applications
Throughout the life of a Project, you may want to show your Project data to a number of people in the forms that they can best understand, assimilate and use. And different colleagues will want to see your data from different perspectives, and for different reasons. To make all of these parties happy, you may need to manipulate your data using a variety different applications.
PTW puts a premium on connectivity and communication, giving you several different ways to use Project data, reports and One-Line Diagrams in other programs. PTW makes it easy to use your data in spreadsheets, word processors, databases, presentation packages and so on. Using these and other applications you can create charts, graphs, slides, and complete component lists based on your projects. PTW provides flexible import and export capabilities for project data.
Understanding the reporting and export options provides many new uses for your existing Project data: clarify your specification sheets with charts and graphics; make concise lists of all needed equipment, and quickly summarize total electrical power requirements.
1.9.1. Edit and Print Reports in Word Processors
Reports are saved in an ASCII text format, and can be opened by virtually all word processors for editing, formatting, adding text or graphics and so on. This makes it easy to add report data to presentations, or handouts. We’ve even included a True Type font called PIXymbolsExtended, which provides special characters for printing lines and borders. This is the same font we use in the PTW Report Editor, and because it is True Type, it is available to all Windows applications. So what you see is what you get, even across applications.
Report
With PTW’s Reports and the PIXymbolsExtended True Type font, it’s easy to use report files in my favorite word processor. All I have to do is open up the file, change the font to the PIXymbolsExtended, and presto! instant PTW report, formatted and ready to go. From there, I can incorporate it into reports, presentations — any type of document I need. Not only that, but the report itself is all native text, so if I want to cut a part out of the report, it’s no problem. Of course, I can use all the bells and whistles included with my word processor including word wrapping, tables, and other advanced layout functions.
1.9.2. Export One-Line Diagrams for Graphics and CAD Programs
When you’re ready to make that big presentation, a picture says a thousand words. That’s why our One-Line Diagrams and TCC drawings can be exported either to the Windows Metafile (WMF) or the AutoCAD DXF file formats. If you have any experience with Windows graphics packages, you know how useful and flexible these formats are. Use them in presentation packages for slideshows, illustration packages, CAD programs, and word processors.
1.10. On-Line Help
All of the information contained in the printed manuals can be accessed in electronic form from within the PTW program. This electronic documentation is referred to simply as Help (or On-Line Help to distinguish it from printed documentation). You can access Help in two ways: from the Help menu in PTW, or using a “context-sensitive” method. Fast tips are available at all times in the PTW interface. Fast tips are small floating messages that show you helpful messages about the toolbar buttons. To get a fast tip on a button, point to it; after a moment, the tip appears in a small temporary window directly beneath the pointer.
To find out more about the parts of the PTW screen, you can click the Context-Sensitive Help button on the toolbar and then click the part of the screen you’re interested in. A related help topic window will appear. You can also browse the help system by choosing Index from the Help menu.
To see all the help topics, click the Help>Help Topics command and the on-line help appears. From there you can use the hyperlinks to browse through the available topics.
One-Line Diagrams can be imported into most graphics-based applications, like the presentation package shown here. Also place them in CAD programs, word processors, and illustration programs.
2 Getting Started
This chapter describes the main parts of PTW, using the on-line help system, and how to get started using the program.
This chapter discusses:
• Starting PTW: Stand-Alone. • Starting PTW: LAN Users. • Working with projects.
IN THIS CHAPTER
2.1. Starting PTW: Stand-Alone ... 2-2 2.2. Starting PTW: LAN Users... 2-2 2.3. Global Options... 2-4 2.4. Working with Projects ... 2-7 2.5. Working with Menu Commands... 2-15 2.6. Working with the Status Bar... 2-23 2.7. Working with Toolbars... 2-23
2.1. Starting PTW: Stand-Alone
To run PTW, just click Start>Programs>Power*Tools for Windows>PTW32.
Tip: By default PTW automatically opens the most recently accessed Project on startup. If you prefer, you can instruct PTW not to open a Project. Refer to Section 2.3.1, “Setting Startup Options” for information and instructions.
2.2. Starting PTW: LAN Users
If you are not using the Local Area Network (LAN) version of PTW, skip to section 2.3. In a network environment, PTW is administered from the NetHASP Server and hardware key that your administrator installed on the file server. The NetHASP Server keeps track of the Studies that are available in your copy of PTW, and how many users are currently logged in to the software. This means that when you start PTW you will be required to log in.
As with the stand-alone version of PTW, log in by clicking Start>Programs>Power*Tools for Windows>PTW32.
PTW displays the PTW Network Login dialog box which you use to log in to PTW. Click here to start PTW.
Using this dialog box, you can request login permissions for the Studies you need to run during your upcoming session. Logging in to PTW judiciously is very important, because Studies have to be shared among all of the users on the network. For example, your copy of PTW may be licensed to run three copies of DAPPER Studies and two copies of CAPTOR Studies. Every time a new user logs onto PTW, some of those permissions are used, and when all of the permissions have been used, no further copies of the program can be run. Therefore, you should request permission only for the Studies that you know you will need.
To log in to PTW
1. Under PTW Studies, select only the Studies you need to run during the current PTW session. These Studies vary according to the software license. If you do not select any of the Studies, you can still log on to PTW to examine One-Lines, network layout, and so on.
2. If you want to use the current settings for later logins without having to go through this dialog box each time you start PTW, select the bottom check box.
3. Click the OK button. This starts PTW and assigns the permissions you requested. If one or more of the Studies you requested are unavailable, PTW issues a message stating which Studies are not available.
After you log in, PTW processes the requests and sends them to the file server. If there is any problem with the network configuration or the NetHASP Server installation, PTW issues an error message. If there is an error, contact you network administrator.
2.2.1. Changing Permission Status During a PTW Session
As you run PTW, you may find that you would like to run a Study that you did not request permission for when you logged in. Rather than having to close the program and log in again, PTW lets you change your permission status while you are running the program. You can also use this procedure to free Studies that you no longer need so that other network users can have access to them.
Select this check box to use these settings for subsequent logins. Select the Studies you want to use in your PTW session.
To change the PTW Permission Status
1. Click the Project>Login command. PTW displays the PTW Network Login dialog box.
2. Select or clear the appropriate check boxes.
2.2.2. Logging Out of PTW
To log out of PTW, simply close the application as you would in a regular standalone installation; the network software automatically frees the appropriate Studies and makes them available to other users.
2.3. Global Options
Each time you start PTW, the program references global options for instructions on automation and technical standards. Global settings always apply to the active Project, so you should check these global options each time you begin a new Project.
2.3.1. Setting Startup Options
Startup options control PTW’s level of automation during startup. These settings are not critical to operation, and you can set them according to preference.
Opening the Most Recent Project Automatically
By default, PTW opens the most recently saved Project. You can leave the default the way it is, or instruct PTW to open no Project on startup.
To change the Project recall setting 1. Click the Project>Options command. 2. In the Option Groups box, select Startup. 3. Do one of the following:
• If you want to open the most recently saved Project on startup, select the Open Most Recent Project option button.
• If you do not want to a Project on startup, select the Do Not Open a Project option button.
Enabling the Pentium™ Warning
By default, PTW enables a warning that notifies you if it finds a faulty Pentium processor in your computer. You can disable this warning at any time.
Early Intel® Pentium processors (manufactured through the beginning of 1995) contain an error in the floating-point division section of the chip that causes them to miscalculate certain mathematical computations. At startup, PTW sends a small computation known to cause such an error to your computer’s processor. If the processor returns the wrong answer, PTW alerts you that your computer has one of the faulty chips.
It is difficult to determine the impact of a faulty Pentium processor on your Project results. In many calculations, there may be no error. In cases where errors occur, some may be
negligible, while others may be magnified through the multiplication of arrays. Intel has since corrected the problem and if you get this error you should replace the faulty processor with a new one.
2.3.2. Setting Application Options
Application options control the display standard (ANSI or IEC), the base system
frequency, and the units or distance measurement (English or Metric) for data entry in the active Project. These settings are very important for proper operation of PTW. Typically, once you set them you won’t change them, but in some cases you may want to use alternative standards.
Setting the Display Standard
PTW stores default symbols and setting for ANSI and IEC engineering standards. PTW also has the flexibility to be modified to work with almost any local or national standard. Storing two sets of defaults makes it easier to switch between standards.
Setting the System Frequency
PTW allows you to specify 60 Hz, 50 Hz or any other custom frequency for the project. Impedance values referenced from the library are automatically adjusted for different operating frequencies.
Setting the Units of Measurement
When you select an engineering standard, you should also select a unit of measurement. Typically, ANSI projects use English units and IEC projects use metric units. However, PTW does allow you to change the units independently of the engineering standard. Because the units of measurement are tied closely to engineering standard, PTW issues a warning if the standard and units are “mismatched” (that is, ANSI and metric or IEC and English). Note, however that this warning is issued only to make sure that you have not selected the combination by accident. There is nothing technically wrong with the selection.
Setting Event Message Options
PTW informs you of various program events using written messages, color and sound. The events that PTW responds to are: “errors,” “warnings” and “success.” An error is defined as topology or Study error severe enough to prevent the program from continuing. For instance, failing to enter the length of a cable produces an error. Warnings are less severe problems that may or may not affect PTW’s proper operation in the future, and are flagged so that if they are unintentional, you can fix them. Success events happen after the successful completion of certain complicated tasks such as running Studies.
PTW uses sounds to indicate warnings, errors, and some completed operations. You can turn these beeps on and off as you choose.
Select or clear the check box in this group
To enable or disable sound for this event
Error Errors: Fatal errors that prevents PTW from continuing.
Warning Warnings: Less severe errors that may or may not impact PTW functioning.
Success Successful operations: Studies completed, and so on.
The PTW events correspond to standard Windows events, meaning that you can assign custom sounds to them using the Windows Control Panel. Using this technique, you can play chimes at the completion of Studies, sound a buzzer at an error, and so on. Note that the following procedure affects not only PTW sounds, but all of the corresponding Windows sounds, so the sounds you choose will be consistent across all Windows applications.
In addition to sounds, PTW also posts written messages in the status bar at the bottom left of the screen. You can change the colors in which the error and warning messages are displayed. These messages appear in the status bar at the bottom of the PTW screen. To set event message color options
1. Click the Project>Options command. 2. In the Option Groups box, select Application.
3. Under Error or Warning, do one or more of the following:
Choose this button To set this color
Background The background of the status bar message. Foreground The foreground of the status bar message
(that is, the text of the message). 4. In the Colors dialog box, choose the desired color.
5. Click the OK button to return to the Options Dialog Box. 6. Repeat steps 3 and 4 for other colors you want to set. 7. Click the OK button.
2.4. Working with Projects
A Project is your most fundamental work environment; it identifies your network topology, data and One-Lines. After starting PTW, you will typically open or create a Project.
2.4.1. Creating a New Project
You can create a new Project at any time. Before creating a new Project, be sure to close the active Project (if any). After you create a new Project, PTW opens the Component Editor and a creates a blank One-Line Diagram so you can start work immediately. Since each Project represents a unique electrical system, each Project must be given its own Project name. PTW gives this Project file the extension .PRJ. If you name a Project FACTORY, for example, the resultant file will be called FACTORY.PRJ. You may open only one Project at a time in PTW, and each Project must be located in its own folder. PTW will facilitate this necessity by automatically creating the folder. For example, if you have all your Projects in a folder called WORK, and within the WORK folder you have saved three Projects called FACTORY, TEST, and MACHINE, there will actually be three folders within WORK: one called FACTORY, one called TEST, and one called MACHINE. Within each folder will be the Project itself, so that within
WORK\FACTORY will be FACTORY.PRJ (the actual Project file), within WORK\TEST will be TEST.PRJ, and within WORK\MACHINE will be MACHINE.PRJ. All other files associated with that Project (such as Report files, and PTW’s internal data files) are saved in the Project’s folder. For example, a Load Schedule Report file (which might be entitled LS.RPT) run on the FACTORY Project would be located in the
WORK\FACTORY folder.
Warning: Each Project must be located in its own folder. If you combine multiple projects in one folder, or if you move some of the files to another location, you will
seriously corrupt your Project and you will lose data. If you want to move a Project
using DOS or the File Manager, be sure to move the entire Project folder. For further information on backing
up projects, see Section 2.4.8, “Backing Up Projects.”
Type the name of the new Project.
PTW automatically adds a Project folder to the path you select. This folder has the same name as Project.
To create a new Project
1. Click the Project>New command. The New Project dialog box appears. 2. In the Project Name box, type the name of the new Project.
3. In the box below Project Path, select the drive and path for the Project.
Notice that under Project Path, PTW shows the path to the new Project including the new folder that it will create, which has the same name that you typed in for the Project (step 2).
4. Click OK to create the Project folder and the new Project.
2.4.2. Building the Electrical System in a Project
To build an electrical system in PTW, you first connect the topology using the One-Line
Diagram, then enter data (such as bus voltage, rated size, cable length, and so on) using
the Component Editor:
• The Component Editor is a dynamic dialog box in which you can create and edit components. Along with the One-Line Diagram, the Component Editor represents one of the primary network editing tools in PTW. You can open only a single instance of the Component Editor.
• A One-Line Diagram looks, feels and acts like any CAD-based one-line diagram, but it is in fact an interactive drawing with direct links to the Project database. You can build a network using a One-Line Diagram, or create interactive one-line diagrams for existing projects, complete with system and Study data.
See the Component Editor and One-Line Diagram chapters in the User’s Guide for more information on each.
2.4.3. Opening an Existing Project
PTW keeps track of your most recently opened projects. You can open any of these projects by choosing it from the projects listed at the bottom of the Projects menu.
You can also use the Open command from the Project menu to open any existing Project. To open one of the most recently accessed projects, choose the Project you want from the bottom of the Project menu.
When you open an existing Project, PTW opens an “All Components” Component Editor that contains all of the existing system components. All of your Project options are retained from the last time you saved the Project.
To open an existing Project
1. Click the Project>Open command. The Open Project dialog box appears. 2. In the Drives box, select the drive where the Project is located.
3. In the Directories box, select the directory where the Project is located.
4. In the Project Name box, type the name of the Project, or select the name of the Project from the list.
5. Click OK.
2.4.4. Copying Projects
While working on a Project, you may want to save that Project at a particular stage of development, or create a slightly different Project to represent another operating condition. Using the Copy As command, you can copy the active Project, give it a new Project name, and save it to any location. As with new projects, each copied Project must be located in its own folder, and PTW automatically creates a folder for copied projects. Except for location and name, the copied Project is in all ways identical to the original Project. It contains all of the same Project data and references the same libraries as the original.
Important: This command is intended to represent your system at a moment in time; it does not copy the libraries you need to recover the entire Project in the event of data loss or corruption, and should not be used as a backup function. For instructions on backing up projects, refer to Section 2.4.8, “Backing Up Projects.”
When you copy a Project, you continue to work with the original Project. This
distinguishes the behavior of the Copy As command from a typical Save As command. For example, if you are working in a Project called Project 1, and make a copy called Project 2, after the copy is made you continue work in Project 1. Of course, you can switch to Project 2 at any time, only recognize that switching to the copied Project is not automatic.
Select the drive and directory where the Project is located.
To copy a Project
1. Click the Project>Copy As command. The Copy As Project dialog box appears. 2. In the Project Name box, type the name of the Project copy.
3. Under Project Path, select the drive and path for the Project. Notice that under Project Path, PTW shows the path to the copy including the new folder that it will create, which has the same name that you typed in for the Project (step 2). 4. Click OK to create a folder, and save a copy of the active Project into it.
2.4.5. Closing Projects
When you close the active Project, PTW automatically closes the Component Editor and any open One-Line Diagrams. If any of these One-Line Diagrams has not been saved, PTW asks you if you want to save changes before continuing. Component data are saved automatically, but changes to the one-line diagrams are saved only when instructed to do so.
Libraries and reports remain open because they are not interactively linked to the Project. You can continue to work in them and close them independently when you have finished. To close the active Project
1. Click the Project>Close command.
2.4.6. Deleting Projects
Projects can be large, and from time to time you may need to delete some older projects to free up space on your hard drive. Deleting projects permanently erases the Project directory from your hard drive including setup data, network topology data, One-Line Diagrams and any other files located in that directory. The libraries referenced by the Project are deleted if they are located in the Project directory, otherwise they remain intact for use by other projects. You must close the active Project before deleting a Project. Before deleting a Project, we strongly recommend that you make a backup copy onto a floppy diskette or any archiving medium in case you need it in the future. For information on backing up projects, refer to Section 2.4.8 “Backing Up Projects” later in this chapter.
Type the name of the Project copy. PTW automatically adds a Project folder to the path you select. This folder has the same name as the Project.
Warning: Deleting projects is permanent! Once your Project has been deleted, it is not recoverable. You should delete projects only after you have created a backup copy.
To delete a Project
1. Click the Project>Delete command.
2. In the File Name box, type or select the Project you want to delete. 3. Click the OK button.
2.4.7. Getting Project Statistics
PTW keeps track of important Project statistics, and you can review them at any time. Information available in the Project Statistics dialog box includes the Project name, the data created and the data last edited, as well as component information such as the number of buses, branches and synchronous generators in the system. The Project statistics apply only to the active Project; the following procedure assumes that a Project is active. To get Project statistics
1. Click the Project>Statistics command. The Project Statistics dialog box appears. 2. When you have reviewed the statistics, Click the OK button.
2.4.8. Backing Up Projects
Hardware crashes of one kind or another are all too common in computer systems, and unless you prepare for them in advance they can represent a significant loss. To prevent costly data loss, you should periodically make complete Project backups. We also recommend that you keep a backup copy of older projects that you no longer want to store on your hard drive.
Tip: When working on a Project, especially one that is large or being edited heavily, you should make a backup copy of that Project daily or more frequently.
To make a complete Project backup, you need to copy all of the files necessary to restore the Project and reproduce the same results generated by the original; that means your Project and your libraries. You should not use the copy Project function as a backup function because it copies only the Project database, not the library files. If you want to make a copy of the Project rather than a complete Project backup, refer to Section 2.4.4 “Copying Projects” earlier in this chapter.
A complete Project backup includes: • All of the files in the Project directory. • All of the referenced libraries.
To back up a Project
1. Click the Project>Backup command. 2. Choose a location to back the project up to.
2.4.9. Merging Projects
The merge project function allows you to merge two projects in to one. The project merge does not allow duplicate component names. During the merge, if both projects contain a component with the same name, you will be prompted to rename or skip the duplicate component.
2.4.10. Exporting Projects
With PTW’s export function, you can export your active Project to an ASCII text file. An ASCII file is a highly compatible data file that you can import into several different kinds of applications including spreadsheets, word processors, and databases. In fact, almost all applications that import data support ASCII files. Using other applications, you can use your PTW Project to create charts, graphs, presentations, complete component lists, and much more.
The ASCII file is divided up into sections according to component type: one section for cables, one for buses, and so on. After the ASCII file has been exported, you can edit and print it as you would any other text file.
To export a Project
1. Click the Project>Export command.
2. If you want the first row of data to include descriptive names, check the First Row Contains Field Names box.
3. Set the text and field delimiters you want. See “Choosing Export Options” later in this chapter for help with these options.
4. Click the OK button.
5. In the File Name box type the name of the ASCII file. 6. Click the OK button.
The ASCII file is created and saved to the directory you specified. When the file has been exported, you can edit it to suit your needs.
Tip: Each component type has its own, clearly marked section in the ASCII file. If you want, you can delete any sections you are not interested in. For example, if you only wanted information pertaining to cables, you could use a text editor to delete the other sections from the file.
Check here to have PTW write out field names at the top of each column.
Choosing Export Options
The Export Project dialog box lets you pick settings for your ASCII file, each of which affects the file configuration. The key to determining how to adjust these settings is to determine requirements of the application into which you will import the Project (the target application). When in doubt, consult the target application’s documentation for specifics. The following paragraphs indicate how the settings are used.
• Field Names: Include field names to identify the data in the column beneath. For example, you may export a column of component names. If you check this option, PTW includes a field at the top of the column that says “Component Name.” If you do not check this option, the first row would start with the first component name, for example “Bus_0001.” The names that PTW uses are assigned by the program and cannot be modified. Of course once the ASCII file has been exported, you can use another application to change the column names.
• Text delimiter: The target application needs to know which fields contain text strings and which contain numerical data, because it treats these data types differently when it imports. If the application thinks that a field contains a number when it actually contains text, it may discard embedded spaces and special characters, or may not be able to import the file at all. Most applications require double quotation marks (“), but when in doubt, consult the destination application for instructions on setting this option.
• Field separator: Many applications require a particular character to separate the fields of data from each other. For example, if the destination application requires a “tab delimited” ASCII file, you would select {tab} in this box.
PTW uses the settings to determine the configuration of the ASCII file.
=======Bus=====
ComponentName InService New/Existing NomSysVoltage
LFVoltage LFVoltageAngle ConstantKVALoad ConstantKVALoadPF
ConstantZLoad ConstantZLoadPF ConstantCurrentLoad ConstantCurrentLoadPF
ConnectedLoad DesignLoad DesignLoad Size
Units¶
“001-GEN NO. 1” “In” “Existing”
480.0000 0.0000 0.0000
0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
0.0000 0¶
Tip: If you only need a small number of data fields for each component such as cable size, length and quantity/phase, create a datablock report rather than exporting the entire project. The datablock reports can be saved as Excel files and converted to other formats.
2.4.11. Database Utility
The database utility option provides functions to re-index, and recover corrupted project or library database files. All project and library data files must be closed for the Database Utility option to be used.
2.4.12. Compress Library
The compress library function removes empty space in the library database. When library components are deleted, they are removed from the list but the space is not freed until the library is compressed. This function may take several minutes.
Field Name — If this setting is checked, the entire
first record is made up of descriptive names . Field Separator — In this case a tab (displayed as an arrow in this sample).
Text Delimiter — In this case, double quotation marks.
2.5. Working with Menu Commands
Following is a summary of the PTW menu commands.
Project Document Edit View Run Component One-Line Window Help New... Open... Close Copy As... Backup Statistics... Delete... Export... Merge... Database Utility... Compress Library… Options... Ctrl+O Login... 1 C:\PTW32\...\PLANT\PLANT.PRJ Exit
This menu command Performs this function
New... Creates a new Project.
Open... Opens an existing Project. Close Closes the active Project. Copy As... Creates a backup of the Project.
Backup... Makes a copy of all project and library files necessary for you or someone else to use the project files in the future.
Statistics... Lists the Project statistics. Delete... Deletes a Project.
Export... Exports a Project to an ASCII text file.
Merge... Merges data from another project into the open project.
Database Utility... Re-indexes and may recover corrupted project files. This feature is only available when no projects are open in PTW.
Compress Library… Options...
Removes empty space from library database. This feature is only available when no project or library is open in PTW.
Changes PTW’s global options.
Login... Logs in or out of a Study. Applicable only when using the network version of PTW.
1, 2, 3, 4... Opens any of the last eight most recently accessed projects.