Chapter 11
Chapter 11
The revolution: The Second Phase
The revolution: The Second Phase
The Relief on Primo de Rivera
The Relief on Primo de Rivera
The succeeding liberal party sent General Basilio Augustin to the Philippines as Primo
The succeeding liberal party sent General Basilio Augustin to the Philippines as Primo
de Rivera¶s successor. This was unfortunate, for the new governor-general was ignorant
de Rivera¶s successor. This was unfortunate, for the new governor-general was ignorant
of the actual conditions in the Philippines. On April 9, 1898, General Augustin arrived in
of the actual conditions in the Philippines. On April 9, 1898, General Augustin arrived in
Manila, and the following day Primo de Rivera turned over the reins of the Philippine
Manila, and the following day Primo de Rivera turned over the reins of the Philippine
government to his successor. Immediately upon his assumption of office, the governor
government to his successor. Immediately upon his assumption of office, the governor
announced that he would continue Primo de Rivera¶s work of pacification.
announced that he would continue Primo de Rivera¶s work of pacification.
American Designs of the Philippines
American Designs of the Philippines
The Spanish- American relations were turning for the worse. The Cuban revolution had
The Spanish- American relations were turning for the worse. The Cuban revolution had
drawn the United States to the side of the Cuban rebels.
drawn the United States to the side of the Cuban rebels.
On February 25, 1898, Roosevelt cabled Dewey, now commander of the Squadron, to
On February 25, 1898, Roosevelt cabled Dewey, now commander of the Squadron, to
make Hongkong his base of operations. At the same time, he instructed Dewey to take
make Hongkong his base of operations. At the same time, he instructed Dewey to take
offensive action against the Spanish Fotilla based in Manila in case of war with Spain.
offensive action against the Spanish Fotilla based in Manila in case of war with Spain.
Thus, when the war finally broke out, Dewey was in a position to rush immediately to
Thus, when the war finally broke out, Dewey was in a position to rush immediately to
Manila to destroy the Spanish warships. The coming of the American therefore was not
Manila to destroy the Spanish warships. The coming of the American therefore was not
a mere accident of the Spanish- American war, but a planned action.
a mere accident of the Spanish- American war, but a planned action.
The Spanish-American War
The Spanish-American War
In the face of the Philippines and the Cuban revolutions, Spain could not antagonize the
In the face of the Philippines and the Cuban revolutions, Spain could not antagonize the
United States. She therefore tried to heal the rift in order not to draw her into a fatal war
United States. She therefore tried to heal the rift in order not to draw her into a fatal war
with a rising powerful nation. Spain's ambassador to the United States, Dupuy de Lome,
with a rising powerful nation. Spain's ambassador to the United States, Dupuy de Lome,
wrote a friend in Havana, Cuba in January 1898, stating that the President William
wrote a friend in Havana, Cuba in January 1898, stating that the President William
McKinley was a weakling and low politician. This letter was stolen and published in a
McKinley was a weakling and low politician. This letter was stolen and published in a
New York periodical. The result of its publication was that the Americans who had been
New York periodical. The result of its publication was that the Americans who had been
rouse with anger demanded war against the Spain.
rouse with anger demanded war against the Spain.
The Battle of Manila Bay
The Battle of Manila Bay
With receipt of secretary Long¶s cable announcing the declaration of war with Spain,
With receipt of secretary Long¶s cable announcing the declaration of war with Spain,
Dewey sailed from Mirs Bay, near Hongkong, for the Philippines with seven heavily
Dewey sailed from Mirs Bay, near Hongkong, for the Philippines with seven heavily
armed ships. Early morning of May 1, 1898, his fleet entered Manila Bay almost
armed ships. Early morning of May 1, 1898, his fleet entered Manila Bay almost
undetected by the Spanish shore batteries on Corregidor and Bataan. Dewey Sailed
undetected by the Spanish shore batteries on Corregidor and Bataan. Dewey Sailed
straight toward the Manila Bay shore in the hope that he would find Admiral Patricio
straight toward the Manila Bay shore in the hope that he would find Admiral Patricio
Montojo¶s fleet there and give battle immediately.
Montojo¶s fleet there and give battle immediately.
The naval battle that followed was one sided, in fact it was a massacre. The Spanish
The naval battle that followed was one sided, in fact it was a massacre. The Spanish
ships outnumbered those of the Americans, the former were, nevertheless, poorly
ships outnumbered those of the Americans, the former were, nevertheless, poorly
armed. All in all, the American fleet had more tonnage than the Spanish flotilla. The
armed. All in all, the American fleet had more tonnage than the Spanish flotilla. The
Spaniards, in the face of absolute defeat, hoisted the white flag in Cavite in token of
Spaniards, in the face of absolute defeat, hoisted the white flag in Cavite in token of
surrender.
Renewal of the Struggle
As soon as Aguinaldo had landed the war materials he had brought from Hongkong, rebels from the Bataan came to see him. Aguinaldo handed them copies of his proclamations urging the people to rally once more to the Filipino Flag in the struggle against the Spaniards.
The news of his return spread throughout the Central Luzon. A number of Filipino volunteers in the Spanish army defected to the Filipino forces. Aguinaldo ordered them to occupy the Dalahikan, the Cavite shipyard, to prevent the enemy from occupying.
The Spanish-American Secret Agreement
On July 17, the second reinforcements, headed by General Francis V. Greene, arrived. With the fresh troops, the Americans were confident that they could easily dislodge the Spaniards from the city. Hope of an easy victory filled their hearts when the third reinforcement headed by general Arthur Mac Arthur arrived on July 31. Preparations were immediately made for the battle that would determine the fate of Manila. Jaudenes like Augustin, believed that the Spanish positions was hopeless in the face of a superior enemy and in the face of the Filipino; rebels. To save face, he i nsisted that to satisfy the Spanish code of honor there should be a mock battle, after which the Spanish armed forces would surrender. He further insisted that the Filipino rebels should be excluded from participating in the surrender of Manila. This agreement between Jaudenes,on one hand, and Dewey and Merritt, on the other, was so secret that no one else in either camp knows of its existence.
Beginnings of the Filipino- American Rift
At the time that Dewey was waiting for reinforcements, Aguinaldo and his forces were laying siege to Manila. This situation was favorable to the Americans, for they did not have to be on the lookout for any hostile Spanish maneuver since the job of watching was being done by their Filipino allies.
The continuous stream of American reinforcement worried Aguinaldo no end. He wondered why, in spite of the fact that the Spaniards were then at the mercy of the Filipino troops, American reinforcement continue to pour on in numbers. His suspicious of ultimate American intentions, however he kept to himself. But other Filipino military leaders were harboring the same suspicious. General Artemio Ricarete expressed his doubts as to American intentions and warned Aguinaldo ³to be careful because it seems that the Americans want to fool us´ General Pio del Pilar also unburdened him self of the same feeling to Aguinaldo and suggested that batteries be mounted in certain places to prevent the Americans from passing through them.
Written Summary
Report
In
SocSc103
Submitted to: Mr. Jumawan
Submitted by: Mary Grace A. Garcia
Arnold Jansen Manginsay
MARY GRACE A. GARCIA
Arsenal Street, Ilaud Tanjay City Negros Oriental 09193257574
[email protected] Applying for: On the Job Training Objectives:
To be trained and enhance my skills and capabilities which I have learned in school.
Personal Information:
Age: 19 years old
Date of Birth: December 9, 1990
Birthplace: Pongtud, Tanjay City Negros Oriental Gender: Female
Citizenship: Filipino Marital Status: Single Height: 5'2" Weight: 110 lbs
Educational Background:
College: Bachelor of Science in Tourism
St. Paul University Dumaguete
North Road , Bantayan, Dumaguete City 2007-Present
High School: Tanjay City Science High School Opao, Tanjay City Negros Oriental 2003-2007
Elementary: Plaza Central School
Tanjay City Negros Oriental 1995-2003
Trainings & Seminars:
Tourism Marketing Seminar Conference Room
Sidlakang Negros Village Dumaguete City
September 15, 2009
Press Relations Unit Skills & Development Training Seminar " Forming the Essence of a Paulinian Press Relations Unit" Audio Visual Room
St. Paul University Dumaguete February 28,2009
ATSC Apprenticeship by Experience School Onboard Learning Program
Seminar/Workshop & Practicum Immersion Cebu-Manila-Dumaguete
Onboard via M/V Superferry 12 October 20-24,2009
Learnings:
- Vessel Familiarization
- Hotel Operations & Services - Basic Safety on the Ship
World Tourism Month Seminar
" The Protection Of Biodiversity as a Tourism Asset" Foundation University Main Campus
September 13, 2010
Events Management Seminar MAT Building Conference Room St. Paul University Dumaguete September 17, 2010
R eferences:
Mrs. Hilnora Gregorio
Dean of the College of Business Education St. Paul University Dumaguete
North Road Bantayan Negros Oriental (035) 2254-1506
Mrs. Mary Joan Fortugaleza HRM-Tourism Instructor St. Paul University Dumaguete
North Road Bantayan Dumaguete City Mr. Josefino Larena
Adviser
DOT Accredited Tour Guide St. Paul University Dumaguete
October 12, 2010
Dear Sir / Madam:
Greetings of Peace!
I would like to apply for an On the Job Training in your establishment this second semester. I am Mary Grace A. Garcia, a resident of Tanjay City Negros Oriental and a fourt h year college
student of St. Paul University Dumaguete tak ing up Bachelor of Science in Tourism.
I believe that I will be able to enhance my skills that I have learned inside the classroom if given the chance to be trained in your establishment. I am willing to work with the utmost of my
capabilities and interest.
I am enclosing my resume to further disclose of myself. If an interview is needed at your most convenient time, my contact number is 09193257574. I look forward to hear from you soon.
Respectfully yours,
