IT’S ALL ABOUT GUMMY
BEARS! APPRENTICESHIP
Lesson 1: Introduction to Gummy Bears and the
AGENDA
Today’s Agenda
• Introductions
• Norm Setting
• History of Gummy Bears
• Gummy Bear Activity
• Manufacturing Overview
•Closing Activity: Jeopardy
Introductions:
Ms. Reid
DRAKE
JUSTIN BIEBER
MELANIE FIONA
TORONTO
CANADA
Introductions:
Ms. Reid
MIDDLE SCHOOL
TIME
COLLEGE
The University of
Western Ontario
HIGH SCHOOL
Introductions:
What is
Chemical Engineering?
ENGINEERING
is the application of
math and science to design and build
structures, machines, devices, materials,
processes that safely realize improvements
to the lives of people and society.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING
is
a type of engineering that applies physics,
math, and chemistry to provide practical
solutions and make useful products at
minimum cost in a safe and environmentally
sustainable way.
Introductions:
What
will I learn in this apprenticeship?
In this apprenticeship, you will gain a deep understanding of
the production process by learning how gummy bears are
made.
You will also learn the importance of quality control and
protecting the environment, while gaining exposure to careers
in the chemical engineering field.
The 21
stCentury skills that will be the focus of our
apprenticeship are
ORAL PRESENTATION
and
AGENDA
Today’s Agenda
• Introductions
• Norm Setting
• History of Gummy Bears
• Gummy Bear Activity
• Manufacturing Overview
•Closing Activity: Jeopardy
Setting Norms
What are “norms?”
• Norms are a set of expectations about
how we will act toward each other and
the things we will do to foster a fun,
inclusive learning environment
Listen to
others
Try your best
Be respectful
Have a willingness
to learn and share
Be friendly
Build off each
other’s ideas
Help others
Ask thoughtful
questions
Have fun!
Others?
AGENDA
Today’s Agenda
• Introductions
• Norm Setting
• History of Gummy Bears
• Gummy Bear Activity
• Manufacturing Overview
•Closing Activity: Jeopardy
History of Gummy Bears
Hans Riegel
$135 million
AGENDA
Today’s Agenda
• Introductions
• Norm Setting
• History of Gummy Bears
• Gummy Bear Activity
• Manufacturing Overview
•Closing Activity: Jeopardy
Let’s make Gummy Bears!
Assignment: A Citizen Teacher has put in an order
for a handful of gummy bear candies for her
apprentices (15 minutes)
•3 packages of gelatin
•2 tablespoons of flavored Jello
packages
•1 tablespoon of Kool-Aid
• 1/2 cup of ice water
•Candy molds
Let’s make Gummy Bears!
Assignment: A Citizen Teacher has put in an order
for a handful of gummy bear candies for her
apprentices (15 minutes)
STEP 1: Mix the gelatin, Kool-Aid, Jello, and sugar in a cup
STEP 2: SLOWLY add the gelatin, Kool-Aid, Jello, and sugar to1/2 a cup of water
STEP 3: Mix well in a bowl, not too fast, but not too slow
STEP 4: Allow to stand until mixture looks slushy or watery
STEP 5: Microwave the mixture on high for 1 minute and 15 seconds (Ms. Symes)
STEP 6: Carefully fill the candy molds using a squeeze bottle
STEP 7: Put the molds in the freezer (Ms. Symes)
STEP 8: Remove from freezer, and remove the candy from the candy molds (Ms. Symes)
STEP 9: Store them in Ziploc bags
AGENDA
Today’s Agenda
• Introductions
• Norm Setting
• History of Gummy Bears
• Gummy Bear Activity
• Manufacturing Overview
•Closing Activity: Jeopardy
Manufacturing
Assignment: A supermarket chain has put in an
order for 100,000 packages of gummy bear
candies
MANUFACTURING
is the use of machines, tools and
labor to produce goods for use or sale.
In industrial production, raw materials are transformed into
finished goods on a large scale.
Finished goods may be used for manufacturing other, more
complex products such as automobiles, or sold to wholesalers
who in turn, sell them to retailers who then sell them to the end
users, the consumers.
The manufacturing sector is closely connected with
engineering and industrial design.
Manufacturing
Examples of manufactures
AGENDA
Today’s Agenda
• Introductions
• Norm Setting
• History of Gummy Bears
• Gummy Bear Activity
• Manufacturing Overview
Jeopardy
CHEMICAL
ENGINEERING
GUMMY BEARS
MANUFACTURING
Who invented the gummy
bear and where is the
inventor from?
What is manufacturing?
Name one industry that
focuses on Chemical
Engineering
Name one of the main
gummy bear ingredients
Name 3 companies that
have a manufacturing
facility
What is Chemical
Engineering?
Why is manufacturing
important?
What year was the gummy
bear introduced in the
United States?
Where can someone study
Chemical Engineering?
$400
$600
$200
$400
$600
$200
$400
$600
$200
IT’S ALL ABOUT GUMMY
BEARS! APPRENTICESHIP
Lesson 2: Let’s Get it Started! With Raw Materials
AGENDA
Today’s Agenda
• Review Norms
• Opening Activity: Jeopardy
• Raw Materials Discussion
•Raw Materials Activity
•Closing Activity: Did You Know?
Setting Norms
What are “norms?”
• Norms are a set of expectations about
how we will act toward each other and
the things we will do to foster a fun,
inclusive learning environment
Listen to
others
Try your
best
Be
respectful
Have a
willingness to
learn and share
Be friendly
Build off each
other’s ideas
Help others
Ask
thoughtful
questions
Have fun!
Work hard
AGENDA
Today’s Agenda
• Review Norms
• Opening Activity: Jeopardy
• Raw Materials Discussion
•Raw Materials Activity
•Closing Activity: Did You Know?
Jeopardy
CHEMICAL
ENGINEERING
GUMMY BEARS
MANUFACTURING
Name two gummy
bear ingredients
What is
manufacturing?
Name one industry that
focuses on Chemical
Engineering
What year was the gummy
bear invented and where
was it invented?
Why is manufacturing
important?
What is Chemical
Engineering?
Why are raw materials
important in
manufacturing?
Do gummy bears contain
beeswax? If so, what is it
used for?
How is Chemistry
related to gummy
bears?
$200
$200
$200
$400
$400
$600
$600
$600
$400
AGENDA
Today’s Agenda
• Review Norms
• Opening Activity: Jeopardy
• Raw Materials Discussion
•Raw Materials Activity
•Closing Activity: Did You Know?
Raw Materials Discussion
What does a gummy bear look like?
What does a gummy bear feel like?
What kind of taste does it have? Is
it bitter? Sweet? Sour?
Raw Materials Discussion
1.
Chemists
2.
3.
4.
Raw Materials Discussion
5.
7.
6.
8.
Acids
9.
Flavor
Raw Materials Discussion
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
o
C
liquid
vapor
acid/base
flow
liquid
mass
scale
How can we indentify a person?
8. Physical Property is used to describes the
physical state of a material
Examples?
9.
Chemical Property
is used to characterize
matter in reactions that change their identity
Examples?
Why are chemical and physical properties
important?
AGENDA
Today’s Agenda
• Review Norms
• Opening Activity: Jeopardy
• Raw Materials Discussion
•Raw Materials Activity
•Closing Activity: Did You Know?
Raw Materials Activity
Assignment: You are sales representatives and
are pitching your raw material to a gummy
bear manufacturing company.
You must convince the company that your
product is the most important ingredient to
making a gummy bear.
The team that sells its
product the best wins
a prize!
Raw Materials Activity
Team
Texture
: Gelatin
Team
Taste
: Sucrose & Citric Acid
Raw Materials Activity
Key Questions to address:
1. Why is my ingredient important in making
gummy bears?
2. Where does my material come from?
3. What are two physical properties?
4. What is one chemical property?
Raw Materials Activity
Team
Texture
: Gelatin
Team
Taste
: Sucrose & Citric Acid
AGENDA
Today’s Agenda
• Review Norms
• Opening Activity: Jeopardy
• Raw Materials Discussion
•Raw Materials Activity
Did You Know?!
Super Soaker
Did You Know?!
African American inventor of the "Super-Soaker" in 1988. It
was first named the Power Drencher. It started a whole new
era of water squirters. It was the first water blaster to
incorporate air pressure into its design. The Super Soaker was
the top selling toy in 1991 and 1992 in the United States.
Johnson started his own engineering firm in 1989. He went to
Tuskeegee University on a mathematics scholarship. As a
child, he invented a go-kart with his brother, and in high
school he built a robot out of scraps from a junk yard. The
robot was named Linex.
He graduated with distinction from the University with a
Bachelor of Science degree in Mathematical Engineering.
He also went on to get his masters from Tuskeegee in Nuclear
IT’S ALL ABOUT GUMMY
BEARS! APPRENTICESHIP
AGENDA
Today’s Agenda
•Introducing WOW!
• Opening Activity: Jeopardy
• Manufacturing Key Terms, Video & Activity
•Manufacturing Discussion
•Closing Activity: Did You Know?
21
st
Century Skills: Technology& Teamwork
So…what’s our WOW?!
For your WOW! You will be designing a
manufacturing plant that will design
gummy candies for supermarkets!
You will determine where the plant will
be located, the colors and flavors of your
candy and much more!!!!
You will be able to explain the entire
manufacturing process from the raw
materials to the finished product!
AGENDA
Today’s Agenda
•Introducing WOW!
• Opening Activity: Jeopardy
• Manufacturing Key Terms, Video & Activity
•Manufacturing Discussion
•Closing Activity: Did You Know?
Jeopardy
CHEMISTRY
RAW INGREDIENTS
MANUFACTURING
Ingredients give gummy
bears its texture, _____,
and appearance
Name three manufactures
Does melting point have a
higher temperature than
boiling point?
Why is gelatin an
important gummy bear
ingredient?
What is mass production?
What is viscosity? Does
water have a higher
viscosity than honey?
Why are raw materials
important in
manufacturing?
What gives gummy bears
its flavor?
Does an acid have a higher
or lower pH than water?
Why are physical and
chemical properties
important?
Where does sucrose come
from? Name two sources
What is the first step in
gummy bear
manufacturing?
$200
$200
$200
$400
$400
$400
$600
$600
$600
$800
$800
$800
AGENDA
Today’s Agenda
•Introducing WOW!
• Opening Activity: Jeopardy
• Manufacturing Key Terms, Video & Activity
•Manufacturing Discussion
•Closing Activity: Did You Know?
Key Definitions
Mass Production:
Producing goods in large quantities
at low cost
Key Definitions
Batch Process:
Manufacturing technique of creating a group
of components at a workstation before moving the group to
the next step in production. Components are created in
batches
8
Key Definitions
Continuous Process:
Manufacturing technique of creating a
material in a continuous process without any interruption. It
is similar to an “assembly line.”
Key Definitions
Quality control:
is a process by which
people review the quality of all factors
involved in production
Mogul:
start molding machine
that automatically performs
multiple tasks involved in
making gummy candy
Manufacturing Video &
Activity
Assignment: Work with your team to determine
the correct order of the manufacturing steps
The team who gets the order right will get 200
points added to their jeopardy score!
AGENDA
Today’s Agenda
•Introducing WOW!
• Opening Activity: Jeopardy
• Manufacturing Key Terms, Video & Activity
•Manufacturing Discussion
•Closing Activity: Did You Know?
8
Mixing Tank
STEP 1: Gummy raw materials (corn syrup, sugar, gelatin,
color, flavor and water) are poured into mixing tanks and
cooked at 160
o
F
?: What happens
to the ingredients
at 160
o
F? Are they
still a sold, liquid,
or vapor?
STEP 2: Ingredients are weighed, mixed, and pumped into a candy
cooker, a 128 foot long stainless steel coil. Steam flows on the
outside of the coil, cooking the candy inside. The candy flows into
a vacuum chamber to remove excess moisture.
STEP 3: When the batch is complete, it is sent to the Quality
Control laboratory to make sure it meets the required
specifications
8
?: Why is this step
important?
STEP 4: Colors, flavors, acids and fruit concentrates are added to
the candy in a mix station
STEP 5: Next, the candy flows to the starch molding machine,
called a “Mogul.” The mogul uses a series of starch filled mould
boards to make the candy shapes.
STEP 6: The mould boards pass under a stamping machine that
presses the shape of the candy into the starch
STEP 7: The gummy candy is transferred to the depositors, which
is a part of the mogul that has a filling nozzle and can deliver the
exact amount of candy needed into the trays. When full, the
mould boards are stacked and allowed to dry
AGENDA
Today’s Agenda
•Introducing WOW!
• Opening Activity: Jeopardy
• Manufacturing Key Terms, Video & Activity
•Manufacturing Discussion
•Closing Activity: Did You Know?
Did You Know?!
“Father of the
Internet”
Did You Know?!
At the age of fourteen, Philip dropped out of school because of the
Nigerian-Biafran War. He went on to fight in the war and was also
home-schooled by his father. As a daily assignment Phillip would solve
over a hundred math problems in an hour.
His father wanted him to know more than he did. He took his
schooling very seriously and received a scholarship to attend Oregon
State University where he majored in Mathematics.
He went on to receive three more degrees, a doctorate in Scientific
Computing from the University of Michigan and two Masters degrees
from George Washington University.
He is credited with being the creator of the internet! He studied bees
and their honeycombs. He used the similar format of a honeycomb to
build the "Supercomputer" which consisted of 65,000 processors. (A
processor is the computers brain which tells it what to do) These 65,000
processors made the fastest computer in the world in 1989. Today, his
computer is used to predict the weather and global warming.
IT’S ALL ABOUT GUMMY
BEARS! APPRENTICESHIP
IT’S ALL ABOUT GUMMY
BEARS! APPRENTICESHIP
AGENDA
Today’s Agenda
• Opening Activity: Jeopardy
• Manufacturing Review & Discussion
•Closing Activity: Did You Know?
21
st
Century Skills: Technology& Teamwork
Jeopardy
OTHER
GUMMY BEAR
PROCESS
MANUFACTURING
What happens after the
gummy bear ingredients
are mixed together?
what is mass production
and why do we need it?
A continuous process is
similar to an _______
________
How is the gummy candy
added to the mold boards?
what is a mogul? Can it be
used to make other types of
candy besides gummy bears?
what is chemical
engineering?
How do the mold boards
get the gummy bear
design?
When are the colors,
flavors and fruit
concentrations added?
which has a higher pH, acids
or bases? Name an example
of an acid and a base
Why are physical and
chemical properties
important? Name an
example of each
When is the gummy bear
batch sent to quality
control laboratory? Why?
what is a tumbler?
$200
$400
$600
$800
Bonus: How is corn starch used in the
gummy bear process? Does it get
reused in the process?
$200
$400
$200
$400
$600
$800
$600
$800
Bonus! $1,000
AGENDA
Today’s Agenda
• Opening Activity: Jeopardy
• Manufacturing Review & Discussion
•Closing Activity: Did You Know?
21
st
Century Skills: Technology& Teamwork
WHY DO WE USE STARCH?
1.
Starch
prevents candy from sticking to the candy molds.
2.
Starch
holds the gummy candy in place during the
drying, cooling, and setting processes.
3.
Starch
absorbs moisture from
the candies, giving them the
proper texture.
Manufacturing Review
?: What is
moisture?
Manufacturing Review
4.
Mogal
can automatically perform
the multiple tasks involved in making
gummy candy such as gummy bears,
jelly belly’s and marshmallows.
5.
Mogal
consists of 30 trays that have
gummy molds. Each mold can hold
over 600 gummy bears!
Manufacturing Activity 2
Assignment: Work with your team to
determine the correct order of the
manufacturing steps
The team who gets the order right will get
200 points added to their jeopardy score!
STEP 8: After 24 hours, the mold boards are returned to the
mogul. The mogul empties the mold board by turning it
over, allowing the candy and starch to fall into a rotating
sieve.
STEP 9: The candy is separated from the molding starch.
STEP 10: The candy moves onto a conveyor belt and is taken
to a tumbler.
STEP 11: The candy is coated in the tumbler to keep it from
sticking together.
Batch Process
?: What is used to
STEP 12: The gummies are checked for quality before they are
sent to packaging!
?: What are the
gummies checked
for?
STEP 13: The gummies are sent to a bagging machine. This
process uses a series of buckets which measure the amount of
candy placed in each bag.
STEP 14: Once measured, the candy moves to the bagging
machine which uses a flat sheet of plastic from a roll.
STEP 15: The finished bags are packed into cases and prepared for
shipping!
STEP 16: The starch that was separated from the gummy candy in
step 9 is sent to a starch conditioning system where it is dried and
cooled.
STEP 17: The starch is then sent to the starch molding machine to
be reused, and enters mold boards to make the candy shapes.
The process starts all over again!
AGENDA
Today’s Agenda
• Opening Activity: Jeopardy
• Manufacturing Review & Discussion
•Closing Activity: Did You Know?
21
st
Century Skills: Technology& Teamwork
Did You Know?!
Refrigerator system and
helped to produce talking
films!
Did You Know?!
Born 1893 in Covington, Kentucky to a White father and Black mother.
His mother died shortly after he was born. He ran away from home at
age 12 to work in a car mechanic shop. He watched how cars were
taken apart and became really interested in the process. In just a few
short years he became one of the highest ranking workers in the shop.
After several more years working as a mechanic he went on to race
cars and became one of the most well known racers in the region.
He is one of the most revered Black inventors with over 60 creations!
He soon enlisted in the army and fought in France during the first
world war. His skills were mostly self taught and from experience he
gained from the army. After a delivery went bad with food spoiling, he
invented the automatic refrigeration system which eliminated food
going bad. He also helped to convert silent movies into talking films.
He received the National Medal of Technology which is one of the
greatest honors for an inventor. He was also the first Black inventor to
earn this award.
IT’S ALL ABOUT GUMMY
BEARS! APPRENTICESHIP
Lesson 6: Wanna be Starting Quality Control
AGENDA
Today’s Agenda
•Opening Activity: Jeopardy
• Manufacturing Activity & Review
• Quality Control Discussion
•WOW Prep and Taza Tour
•Closing Activity: Did You Know?
21
st
Century Skills: Technology& Teamwork
Jeopardy
OTHER
GUMMY BEAR
PROCESS
MANUFACTURING
What happens after the
gummy bear ingredients
are mixed together?
A continuous process is
similar to an _______
________
How is the gummy candy
added to the mold boards?
What is a mogul, and what
type of candy can it make?
Why is dye added to the
gummy bears? What do
the colors represent?
How is corn starch used in
the gummy process?
Name one reason why it is
used
Does the corn starch get
reused? Why?
What gives the gummy bears
its texture?
Why are physical and
chemical properties
important? Name an
example of each
How do the correct
number of gummy bears
get added to each bag?
How many times do we
check for quality when we
make gummy bears?
$200
$400
$600
$800
How many trays does a
mogul have, and how many
gummy bears can it hold?
$200
$400
$600
$800
$200
$400
$600
$800
AGENDA
Today’s Agenda
•Opening Activity: Jeopardy
• Manufacturing Activity & Review
• Quality Control Discussion
•WOW Prep and Taza Tour
•Closing Activity: Did You Know?
21
st
Century Skills: Technology& Teamwork
Manufacturing Activity 2
Assignment: Work with your team to
determine the correct order of the
manufacturing steps
The team who gets the order right will get
200 points added to their jeopardy score!
Manufacturing Review
STEP 1:
Factory workers
follow instructions outlined
in the recipes and physically
pour the appropriate
amount of gummy raw
materials into main mixing
tanks.
STEP 2:
Once the ingredients
are mixed, it is sent to a
candy cooker, and the
excess moisture is removed.
8
Mixing
Tank
Manufacturing Review
STEP 3:
Gummy candy
mixture is sent to quality
control laboratory to make
sure it meets the required
specifications.
STEP 4:
Colors, flavors,
acids, and fruit concentrates
are added to the candy in a
mix station.
STEP 5:
Candy flows to the starch molding machine, where molds are
formed into candy shapes. Once the molds are filled they are sent to
dry for 24 hours.
Manufacturing Review
STEP 6:
After the gummy
bears dry in the mold
boards, the boards are then
returned to the mogul where
they are emptied, allowing
the candy and starch to fall
into a rotating sieve.
STEP 7:
The candy is
separated from the molding
starch.
Manufacturing Review
STEP 8:
The gummy candy
moves onto a conveyor belt
and is taken to a tumbler
where it is coated to keep
them from sticking together.
STEP 9:
The gummy candies
are checked for quality then
sent to a bagging machine
Manufacturing Review
STEP 10:
The starch that was removed from the gummy bears
enters a starch conditioning system where it is dried and cooled. It
is then sent to the starch molding machine to be reused, and enters
mold boards to make the candy shapes. The process starts all over
again.
AGENDA
Today’s Agenda
•Opening Activity: Jeopardy
• Manufacturing Activity & Review
• Quality Control Discussion
•WOW Prep and Taza Tour
•Closing Activity: Did You Know?
21
st
Century Skills: Technology& Teamwork
Quality Control
What’s wrong with
these Jelly Belly
Quality Control
What’s this person
doing?
Quality Control
Describe this
picture
Quality Control
1. WHAT IS QUALITY CONTROL?
Quality Control is a process by which people review the
quality of all factors involved in production
2. WHY IS QUALITY CONTROL IMPORTANT?
Quality Control is important because it ensures that the
end product is good for use. It makes sure that our foods
are safe to eat, our cars are safe to drive, etc.
3. HOW MANY TIMES DO WE CHECK FOR QUALITY WHEN
WE MAKE GUMMY BEARS?
Quality Control
4. WHAT DO WE CHECK FOR IN THE FIRST STEP?
Raw materials are tested in the Quality Control lab to
ensure they confirm to specifications. Materials are
checked for the following:
•Appearance
•Color
•Odor
•Flavor
•viscosity of oils
•pH of liquids
Quality Control
5. WHAT DO WE CHECK FOR IN THE SECOND STEP?
Physical aspects of the candy are checked which include:
•Appearance
•Texture
•Odor
•Flavor
6. HOW IS THE CANDY TESTED IN BOTH STEPS?
The method of testing is to compare the candy to an
established standard. For example, the color of a random
sample is compared to the correct gummy bear color. Other
qualities such as taste, texture, and odor are evaluated by
sensory panels. These are made up of a group of people
who look at the candy for any small differences
AGENDA
Today’s Agenda
•Opening Activity: Jeopardy
• Manufacturing Activity & Review
• Quality Control Discussion
•WOW Prep and Taza Tour
•Closing Activity: Did You Know?
21
st
Century Skills: Technology& Teamwork
So…what’s our WOW?!
For your WOW! You will be designing a
manufacturing plant that will design
gummy candies for supermarkets!
You will determine the name of the
plant, location, colors and flavors of your
candy, and much more!!!!
You will be able to explain the entire
manufacturing process from the raw
materials to the finished product!
Taza Chocolate Factory Questions
1.Who owns the factory and why did they want
to make candy for a living?
2.What is chocolate made out of?
3.What kind of chocolate do you make?
4.How long does it take to make a chocolate
bar?
5.What ingredients do you put in your
chocolate?
6.Why is the factory named Taza?
7.How do you make the machines?
8.How long did it take to start the business?
AGENDA
Today’s Agenda
•Opening Activity: Jeopardy
• Manufacturing Activity & Review
• Quality Control Discussion
•WOW Prep and Taza Tour
•Closing Activity: Did You Know?
21
st
Century Skills: Technology& Teamwork
Did You Know?!
Black hair care products
Did You Know?!
1867-1919
She was born on a Louisiana Plantation to former slaves. She was an
entrepreneur, philanthropist and social activist as well as an inventor.
She created her own business around hair care products for African
American women and was the first Black woman billionaire!
She was born as Sarah Breedlove until she changed her first name to
Madame before starting her company. She developed hair care
products because she wanted to help African American women take
better care of their hair and promote growth. She suffered from a
scalp disease and tried several home remedies as well as store
bought items before inventing her own scalp conditioner and healing
formula. She traveled for a year promoting and selling her products.
Contrary to popular belief she did not invent perm. A man by the
name of Marcel Grateau was the first to use this method. The perm
has transformed over the years since the 1870s.
IT’S ALL ABOUT GUMMY
BEARS! APPRENTICESHIP
Lesson 8: DJ Got US Falling in Love with Safety
AGENDA
Today’s Agenda
•Taza Reflection
• Safety/Environment Discussion
• “It’s All About Gummy Bears” Full Review
•Closing Activity: Did You Know?
21
st
Century Skills: Technology& Teamwork
Taza Reflection
WHAT DID YOU LIKE ABOUT THE
TOUR?
WHAT SURPRISED YOU ABOUT THE
TOUR?
ARE THERE ANY SIMILARITIES
BETWEEN
MAKING CHOCOLATE AND
GUMMY BEARS?
AGENDA
Today’s Agenda
•Taza Reflection
•Environmental Health and Safety Discussion
• “It’s All About Gummy Bears” Full Review
•Closing Activity: Did You Know?
21
st
Century Skills: Technology& Teamwork
Environmental Health and Safety
What do these
symbols represent?
AGENDA
Today’s Agenda
•Taza Reflection
•Environmental Health and Safety Discussion
• “It’s All About Gummy Bears” Full Review
•Closing Activity: Did You Know?
21
st
Century Skills: Technology& Teamwork
“It’s All About Gummy
Bears” Full Review
You will have 30 minutes to complete all
three activities.
Each activity is worth 60 points. The team
that gets the most number of points
AGENDA
Today’s Agenda
•Taza Reflection
•Environmental Health and Safety Discussion
• “It’s All About Gummy Bears” Full Review
•Closing Activity: Did You Know?
21
st
Century Skills: Technology& Teamwork
Did You Know?!
Ophthalmologist
Did You Know?!
During her teens she always knew she wanted to work in healthcare.
She worked on cancer research at the age of 16 and won recognition
for it. She continued with her studies earning excellent grades. She
received her B.S. in Chemistry from Hunter College in New York in 1964.
She went on to earn her doctorate degree at Howard University
College of Medicine in Washington D.C. in 1968. While doing her
fellowship at Columbia University she witnessed that African American
patients did not have good healthcare. She decided to help fix this
situation by giving back to her community. She spent the next 30 years
working to prevent, care and treat blindness. She believed everyone
had the "Right to Sight". Her motto helped her to excel as an eye
doctor. She co-founded the American Institute for the Prevention of
Blindness. They worked to protect, preserve and restore sight. One of
her major contributions in the field has been her invention in 1985 for
removing cataracts. Cataracts is the condition where the eye is
cloudy. Dr. Bath was always pushed to succeed in life through
education and she worked hard from her young age to make the
world a better place.
IT’S ALL ABOUT GUMMY
BEARS! APPRENTICESHIP
WOW! Recap
WHAT DID YOU THINK OF THE WOW?
HOW DID YOU THINK YOU DID?
WHAT TYPE OF QUESTIONS DID PEOPLE ASK YOU?
Let’s make Gummy Bears!
•3 packages of gelatin
•2 tablespoons of flavored
Jello packages
•1 tablespoon of Kool-Aid
• 1/2 cup of ice water
•Candy molds
Let’s make Gummy Bears!
STEP 1: Mix the gelatin, Kool-Aid, Jello, and sugar in a cup
STEP 2: SLOWLY add the gelatin, Kool-Aid, Jello, and sugar to 1/2 a cup of water
STEP 3: Mix well in a bowl, not too fast, but not too slow
STEP 4: Allow to stand until mixture looks slushy or watery
STEP 5: Microwave the mixture on high for 1 minute and 15 seconds (Ms. Symes)
STEP 6: Carefully fill the candy molds using a squeeze bottle
STEP 7: Put the molds in the freezer (Ms. Symes)
STEP 8: Remove from freezer, and remove the candy from the candy molds (Ms.
NAME: _____________________________________ DATE: ______________________________________
Page | 1
IT’S ALL ABOUT GUMMY BEARS LESSON 1— ACTIVITY SHEET Introduction:
1) Engineering is the ___________ of math and ___________to design and
____________structures, machines, devices, __________, processes that safely realize _____________to the lives of people and society.
2) _____________ Engineering is a type of ____________ that applies ________, math, and __________to provide practical solutions and make useful __________at minimum cost in a safe and environmentally ______________way.
3) The two 21st Century skills that will be the focus of this apprenticeship are:
________________ and ________________
4) ___________ are a set of expectations about how we will act ______________________and the things we will do to foster a fun, inclusive learning ________________.
Norms:
5) The nine norms of this apprenticeship are: a. b. c. d. e. f. g. h. i. Others:
History of Gummy Bears:
6) Gummy candy is a unique candy composed of ___________, sweeteners, flavorings, and ____________. Because of its nature it can be molded into literally thousands of
-___________, making it one of the most versatile confection products ever.
7) Gummy candy represents a more recent advance in candy technology. The technology, derived from early pectin and starch formulations, was first developed in __________ by a man named ___________________ in 1922. He began the ___________company, which
NAME: _____________________________________ DATE: ______________________________________
Page | 2
made the first ____________________. While gummy candy has been manufactured since this time, it had limited worldwide distribution until the early 1980s. It was then when Haribo began manufacturing gummy bears in the United States in 1981. The fad caught on, causing other companies to develop similar products.
The gummy bears led to other types of gummy candy entries from companies such as Hershey, Brach's, and Farley's. Now, the candy is available in various different forms, from dinosaurs to fruit rolls.
Today, it continues to be popular, with sales totaling over ________________in 1996 in the United States alone.
8) __________________ is the use of machines, tools and _________to produce goods for use or sale. In industrial production, raw materials are transformed into finished goods on a large scale. Finished goods may be used for manufacturing other, more complex
products such as _____________, or sold to wholesalers who in turn, sell them to retailers who then sell them to the end users, the ____________. The manufacturing sector is closely connected with _____________and industrial design.
9) Name 3 manufacturing companies a.
b. c. Others?
NAME: _____________________________________ DATE: ______________________________________
IT’S ALL ABOUT GUMMY BEARS LESSON 2— ACTIVITY SHEET Raw Materials:
1. Gummy candy recipes are typically developed by experienced food technologists and____________. By blending together different ingredients, they can control the various characteristics of gummy candy, such as texture, ______, and appearance.
2. The primary ingredients of gummy bears, include________, gelatin, sweeteners, flavors, and _________.
3. Since gelatin is a tasteless and odorless compound that contains no ______, sweeteners and flavorings are added to give gummy candy its _______.
4. Various sugars are added as sweeteners. Sucrose, derived from beets or ______ cane, provides a high degree of sweetness to the gummy candy.
5. Corn syrup is also used because it helps prevent the other ________from crystallizing and ruining the gummy texture. Also, corn syrup helps add _______ to the candy, maintain moisture, and keep costs lower.
6. The sweetness of gummy candy is only ______of its characteristics. Artificial and natural flavors are also used to create a unique taste. Natural flavors are obtained from fruits, berries, ________, molasses, and maple sugar.
7. The impact of these flavors can be improved by the addition of artificial flavors that are mixtures of aromatic chemicals. Also, _______such as citric acid, lactic acid, and malic acid are added to provide ___________.
8. _______ are added to create the wide array of colors found in gummy candy. Typical dyes include Red dye #40. Using these federally regulated dyes, gummy manufacturers can make the candy almost any color they desire.
9. During the manufacturing process of gummy bears, lubricating agents, and shine enhancing agents are added to give gummy bears its shine. These include materials like ___________, and coconut _______.
NAME: _____________________________________ DATE: ______________________________________
Key Definitions:
1. Melting point: Temperature at which a solid becomes a ______________ 2. Boiling point: Temperature at which a liquid becomes a ______________
3. pH: A measure of the how acidic or basic a solution is. The pH scale ranges from ____to ____with 7 being neutral. Solutions ______ than 7 are acidic and solutions greater than 14 are __________.
4. Viscosity: defines the substance’s ability to ______. The lower the viscosity, the easier it is for the liquid to flow. What has higher viscosity, water or honey? _______________ 5. Solubility: the ability of a substance to dissolve in a ____________. Soluble means a
substance can dissolve in a solution. Insoluble means a substance can’t dissolve in a substance
6. Density: a measure of the compactness of a substance, expressed as its _______per unit volume.
7. Celsius: it is a temperature _______.
8. A physical _____________ is used to describes the physical state of a material 9. A __________property is used to characterize matter in reactions that change their
NAME: _____________________________________ DATE: ______________________________________
Presentation Questions:
Team Texture: Gelatin:
1. Why is gelatin important in making gummy bears?
2. Where does Gelatin come from?
3. What are two physical properties of gelatin?
4. What is one chemical property of gelatin?
NAME: _____________________________________ DATE: ______________________________________
Team Taste: Sucrose and Citric Acid:
1. Why are sucrose and citric acid important in making gummy bears?
2. Where does sucrose and citric acid come from?
3. What are two physical properties of sucrose and two physical properties of citric acid?
4. What is one chemical property of citric acid?
NAME: _____________________________________ DATE: ______________________________________
Team Appearance: Dye #40 & Beeswax:
1. Why are Dye #40 & Beeswax important in making gummy bears?
2. Where does Dye #40 & Beeswax come from?
3. What are two physical properties of Dye #40 and two physical properties of Beeswax?
4. What is one chemical property of Dye #40 & Beeswax?
Gummy Bear Texture: Gelatin
SOURCE: Gelatin is a protein derived from animal tissue through a
chemical process. Gelatin is available in granular powder form, or as a sheet (only in Europe).
The worldwide production of gelatin is about 300,000 tons per year and its production by geography is as follows: 39% in Western Europe; 20% in North America; 17% in Latin America; 22% elsewhere. Gelatin is processed at gelatin manufacturing plants.
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES:
Gelatin has a high viscosity and forms thick solutions or gels when placed in water.
Gelatin is insoluble in cold water, and soluble in warm water
When used at an appropriate concentration, the gels take on the texture of the chewy, gummy candy
However, since these gels are thermoreversible, which means they get thinner as they are heated, gummy candies have a "melt in the mouth" characteristic
Both the texture and the amount of time it takes the candy to dissolve in the mouth can be controlled by the amount of gelatin used in a recipe
Gelatin is considered the gelling binder in the making of gummy bears
Gelatin is tasteless and odorless and contains no fat
Dry gelatin has an almost infinite shelf life
The textural characteristic of gelatin depends on temperature, method of manufacture and pH. Manufacturing and temperature can be physically controlled. The pH is controlled chemically by addition of acids melting temperature: <35o C boiling point: > 100oC density: 1.3 g/cm3 CHEMICAL PROPERTIES: pH: ~5
Gelatin will break down (or lose it gelling ability) if exposed to the enzymes of certain raw fruits, like kiwi fruit, papayas, pineapple, peaches, mangos, guavas, and figs.
USES:
Gelatin is sold with a wide range of special properties
Gelatin is used in food and candy such as gummy bears, marshmallows, candy corn and it is also used to thicken yogurt, sour cream, and ice creams
Gelatin is also used to create shells of pharmaceutical capsules in order to make them easier to swallow
It is also used by synchronized swimmers to hold their hair in place during their routines as it will not dissolve in the cold water of the pool
OTHER:
Gummy Bear Taste
Sucrose (sweetness)
SOURCE: Sucrose is a carbohydrate commonly known as table sugar. It comes from sugar cane or sugar beets, and provides a high degree of sweetness to the gummy candy.
In 2001/2002, worldwide production of sugar amounted to 134.1 million tons.
Most cane sugar comes from countries with warm climates, such as Brazil, India, China, Thailand, Mexico, and Australia. Beet sugar comes from regions with cooler climates: northwest and eastern Europe, northern Japan, and some areas in the United States (including California).
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES:
A white, odorless, crystalline powder with a sweet taste
The solubility of sucrose in water depends on the temperature. The hotter the water is, the more soluble is the sugar
Density: 1.587 g/cm3
melting point: 186 °C CHEMICAL PROPERTIES:
sugar does not have a pH
Citric Acid (flavor)
SOURCE: is a weak organic acid. It is a natural preservative and is also used to add an acidic, or sour, taste to foods and soft drinks Citric acid exists in greater than trace amounts in a variety of fruits and vegetables, most notably citrus fruits. Lemons and limes have
particularly high concentrations of the acid.
In 2007, world-wide annual production stood at approximately 1,600,000 tons.
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES:
At room temperature, citric acid is a white crystalline powder.
melting point: 153 °C boiling point: 175 °C Density: 1.665 g/cm3 CHEMICAL PROPERTIES: pH: less than 7 USES:
Citric acid has been used as an additive to soft drinks, and seltzer, and occurs naturally in many juices
Citric acid is the active ingredient in some bathroom and kitchen cleaning solutions
Gummy Bear Appearance: Red dye #40
People associate certain colors with certain flavors, and the color of food can influence the perceived flavor in anything from candy to wine. For this reason, food manufacturers add dyes to their products.
Red dye #40 is a chemical and is often referred to as an "azo" dye. It was originally manufactured from coal tar but is now mostly made from petroleum.
It is the most popular dye and in 1992, more than 3 million pounds of the dye was produced
.
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES:
It has the appearance of a dark red powder
It is soluble in water
melting point: >300 °C CHEMICAL PROPERTIES:
dye does not have a pH USES:
Manufacturers use Red Dye #40 in all sorts of gelatins, beverages, dairy products and condiments
Red Dye is in Candy such as gummy bears, Hi-C Fruit Snacks, jolly ranchers, starbursts, skittles, bubble gum
Beeswax
SOURCE: Beeswax is a natural wax produced by the (female) worker honeybees. Beeswax is made in bee hives. Honey bees use the beeswax to build honeycomb cells in which their young are raised and honey and pollen are stored. About 10 pounds of honey yields 1 pound of wax. About 10,000 tons of beeswax is produced annually
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES:
Beeswax is a tough wax
Density at 15 °C is 0.958 to 0.970 g/cm³. Melting point range: 62°C to 64 °C
If beeswax is heated above 85 °C discoloration occurs CHEMICAL PROPERTIES:
Beeswax does not have a pH USES:
Purified and bleached beeswax is used in the production of food, cosmetics, and pharmaceuticals
Beeswax is used as a coating for cheese, to protect the food as it ages
NAME: _____________________________________ DATE: ______________________________________
IT’S ALL ABOUT GUMMY BEARS LESSON 3— ACTIVITY SHEET
MOGUL
CONTINUOUS PROCESS
QUALITY CONTROL
BATCH PROCESS
MASS PRODUCTION
NAME: _____________________________________ DATE: ______________________________________ STEP 1 ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ STEP 2 ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ STEP 3 ___________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________
