Orchard Management Schedule

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Orchard Management

Schedule

A guide to insect, mite and disease

management in apple and pear

orchards in Nova Scotia

2013/2014

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2 Editor and Production

Bill Craig, Horticulturist,

Perennia, 32 Main Street,

Kentville, NS, B4N 1J5

Reviewers

Peter Burgess,

Perennia, 199 Innovation Drive, Innovation Park

Truro NS, B2N 6Z4

Chris Duyvelshoff, Horticulturist,

Perennia, 32 Main Street,

Kentville, NS, B4N 1J5

Helen Arenburg

Perennia, 32 Main Street,

Kentville, NS, B4N 1J5

Sources of Information on Pesticides

Information Service of the Pest Management Regulatory Agency

Phone: 1-800-267-6315

Web Site: http://www.hc-sc.gc.ca/cps-spc/pest/index-eng.php

Pest Management Regulatory Agency –Electronic Labels: Search Tool

Web Site: http://www.hc-sc.gc.ca/cps-spc/pest/registrant-titulaire/tools-outils/label-etiq-eng.php

National Pesticide Information Centre

Web Site: http://npic.orst.edu/

Chemfinder Webserver

Web Site: http://chembiofinderbeta.cambridgesoft.com/

Environmental Emergencies

Pesticide and Chemical spills

Phone: 1-800-565-1633

Organic Agriculture Centre of Canada

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3 Emergency and First Aid Procedure for Pesticide Poisoning

· Become familiar with the chemicals you are using. Keep a list of common and active

ingredient names in case of accidents or emergencies. This information can be found on

product labels and cross-referenced in this publication.

· If a pesticide has come in contact with the skin or has been spilled on clothing, remove

the clothing and wash the skin thoroughly with soap and warm water.

· If poisoning from exposure to a pesticide by swallowing, inhalation or contact with skin

or eyes, is suspected read the label of the pesticide container if available and carry out

first aid treatment as suggested.

· Immediately after first aid treatment has been given, wrap the patient in a coat or blanket

and rush him/her to the nearest hospital. Take the list of chemical common names with

you and identify the one being used.

· If a person is unconscious or lapses into unconsciousness, call

911 immediately.

· Emergency advice on pesticide poisoning is available from the Poison Information

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4 Toxicity Table and Pesticide Formulation Abbreviations ...

5 Problem Codes...

6 Overview of Apple Orchard Management Schedule...

7 Overview of Pear Orchard Management Schedule...

9 Pesticides Listed in this Schedule...

10 Apple Orchard Management Schedule ...

14 Green Tip ...

14 15 mm Green to Tight Cluster...

14 Bud Separation...

15 Pink...

17 Bloom...

18 Calyx ...

19 First Cover...

21 Second Cover...

22 Codling Moth Decision Table...

22 Third Cover...

23 Fourth Cover ...

24 August to November ...

25 Pear Orchard Management Schedule ...

26 Dormant to Scale Separation...

26 Blossom Bud Exposed to Bloom……….

27 Calyx……….

28

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5 Toxicity Table

LD

50

(mg/kg)

Hazard Rating

Relative Toxicity Rating

Above 500

Very Low Hazard

1 101-500

Low Hazard

2 21-100

Moderate Hazard

3 11-20

Very High Hazard

4 10 and less

Extremely Hazardous

5 Pesticide Formulation Abbreviations

DF

dry flowable

SG

soluble granules

DP

dispersible powder

SN

solution

DU

dust

SP

soluble powder

EC

emulsifiable concentrate

SU

suspension

F or FLO

flowable solution

SURF

surfactant

GR or G

granular

W or WP

wettable powder

OD

oil dispersible

WSP

water soluble pouch

SC

spray concentrate

_{WDG or DG}

_{water dispersible granules}

Warning

Please note that we make no warranty or guarantee of any kind,

expressed or implied, concerning the use of products listed in this

publication. The user assumes all risks, whether recommendations

are followed or not. This publication is intended as a guide only.

For specific product information always refer to and follow directions

on the label.

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6 Problem Codes

The following codes can be used on the spray record sheet when recording your monitoring and spray

activities. These codes are the same as those used in the Orchard Outlook newsletter. We would

encourage you to use these codes, as they may make record-keeping easier.

Insects

Apple Brown Bug

ABB

Tarnished Plant Bug

TPB

Apple Grain Aphid

AGA

Tent Caterpillar

TC

Apple Leaf-Curling Midge

ALM

White Apple Leafhopper

WALH

Apple Maggot

AM

Winter Moth

WM

Codling Moth

CM

Mites

European Fruit

Tree

Borer

EFTB

Apple

Rust Mite

ARM

European Fruit Scale

EFS

European Red Mite

ERM

European Apple Sawfly

EAS

Lemon Yellow Mite

LYM

Eyespotted Bud Moth

ESBM

Pear Leaf Blister Mite

PLBM

Fruittree Leafroller

FTR

Pear Rust Mite

PRM

Green Apple Aphid

GAA

Two-spotted Spider Mite

TSSM

Green Pug Moth

GPM

Typhlodromus pyri

TYPH

Leafrollers

LR

Diseases

Lecanium Scale

LS

Apple Scab

AS

Mullein Bug

MB

Bitter Pit

BP

Oystershell Scale

OS

Blossom End Rot

BER

Obliquebanded Leafroller

OBL

European Canker

EC

Pale Apple Leafroller

PAL

Fire Blight

FB

Pear Psylla

PP

Fly Speck

FS

Plum Curculio

PC

Gleosporium Canker

GC

Rosy Apple Aphid

RAA

Powdery Mildew

PM

San Jose Scale

SJS

Sooty Blotch

SB

Speckled Green Fruitworm

SGFW

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7 Overview of Apple Orchard Management

Schedule

Stage

Problem

Management Options

Monitoring

Physical

Control

Chemical

Control

Other

April

European Fruit Tree Borer

European Red Mite

Fire Blight Cankers

x

May

Canker

European Fruit Tree Borer

x

Green Tip

Apple Scab

European Red Mite

x

15 mm Green to

Tight Cluster

Apple Scab

Powdery Mildew

European Red Mite

Spotted Tentiform Leafminer

Winter Moth

x

Bud Separation

Apple Scab

Powdery Mildew

Fruitworm

Winter Moth

x

Pink

Apple Scab

Powdery Mildew

European Red Mite

Rosy Apple Aphid

Oblique Banded and Three

Lined Leafroller

Tarnished Plant Bug

x

Bloom

Apple Sawfly

Pollination

Wild Apple Tree

Fire Blight

x

Calyx

Apple Scab

Powdery Mildew

European Red Mite

Apple Sawfly

Twospotted Spider Mite

Pale Apple, Oblique-banded

Three Lined Leafroller

Rosy Apple Aphid

Stinging Bugs

Tarnished Plant Bug

White Apple Leafhopper

Winter Moth

Fruitworm

x

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8 Monitoring

Physical

Control

Chemical

Control

Other

First Cover

Apple Scab

Powdery Mildew

Codling Moth

European Red Mite

Apple Rust Mite

Twospotted Spider Mite

x

Second Cover

Apple Scab

Powdery Mildew

Fire Blight

Codling Moth

x

Third Cover

Apple Scab

Powdery Mildew

Fire Blight

Apple Maggot

Codling Moth

European Red Mite

Twospotted Spider Mite

Apple Rust Mite

Spotted Tentiform Leafminer

x

Fourth Cover

Apple Scab

Apple Maggot

European Red Mite

Two-spotted Spider Mite

Apple Rust Mite

Codling Moth

Eyespotted Bud Moth

White Apple Leafhopper

x

Early August

Soil & Leaf Analysis

x

Late August

Storage Rots

x

Pre Harvest

Fruit Injury

x

Post Harvest

Storage Rots

Mice

x

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9 Overview of Pear Orchard Management Schedule

Stage

Problem

Management Options

Monitoring

Physical

Control

Chemical

Control

Other

April

Pear Psylla

Pear Leaf Blister Mite

x

Scale Separation

Pear Scab

Pear Psylla

x

Blossom Bud

Exposed to

Tight Cluster

Pear Scab

x

Full White

Pear Scab

Winter Moth

Fruitworm

Pear Rust Mite

x

Bloom

Pear Scab

Pollination

x

Calyx

Pear Scab

Winter Moth

Fruitworm

Pear Rust Mite

European Red Mite

x

First Cover

Pear Scab

Pear Psylla

Pear Rust Mite

European Red Mite

Pear Leaf Blister Mite

Codling Moth

x

Cover Sprays

Pear Scab

Pear Psylla

Pear Rust Mite

European Red Mite

Twospotted Spider Mite

Codling Moth

x

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10 PESTICIDES LISTED IN THIS SCHEDULE

This listing includes all the registered pesticides (excluding herbicides) detailed in the Apple and Pear Orchard Management Schedules. Some of the secondary insects and diseases referred to on the pesticide labels are also listed, but caution must be used in interpreting the effects on these secondary pests. The Schedule recommends the timing of application based on the target pest which is often not the appropriate time for control of the secondary pests.

Active Ingredient Product Chemical Family

G RO UP Relative Toxicity (1=least, 5=most) D A Y S T O H A R V E S T RE -E NT RY I NT E RV AL Pests Controlled M A M M A L B E E S T Y P H S O T H E R I N S E C T S O R A L S K I N

FUNGICIDES/ANTIBIOTICS

Aureobasidium pullulans

Blossom Protect Biopesticide 11 1 1 1 1 - - 0 Suppression of fire blight

boscalid + pyraclostrobin

Pristine Carboxylic acid amide

Strobilurin

7 11

1 1 1 1 - 5 5 -12

days

Apple & pear scab, powdery mildew, flyspeck, sooty blotch, Brooks spot

captan Captan

Maestro

Phthalimide M 1 1 1 1 - 7 48 hrs Apple & pear scab, black rot, flyspeck, sooty blotch, storage rots

(applied preharvest)

cyprodinil Vangard Anilinopyrimidine 9 1 1 - - - 72 72 hrs Apple scab

difenoconazole Inspire Triazole 3 1 1 1 1 - 14 12 hrs Apple & pear scab

dodine Equal/Syllit Guanidine 12 1 1 1 1 - 7 48 hrs Apple & pear scab

fluazinam Allegro Phenylpyridinylamine 29 1 1 1 - - 28 72 hrs Apple scab, flyspeck and sooty blotch

fluopyram + pyrimethanil

Luna Tranquility Carboxamide Anilinopyrimidine

7 9

1 1 - - - 14 12 hrs Apple scab, powdery mildew

fludioxonil Scholar Phenyl pyroles 12 1 1 - - - PH - Storage rots (blue and grey mold)

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11

Active Ingredient Product Chemical Family

G R O U P Relative Toxicity (1=least,5=most) D A Y S T O H A R V E S T RE -E NT RY I NT E RV A L Pests Controlled M A M M A L _B E E S T Y P H S O T H E R I N S E C T S O R A L S K I N

FUNGICIDES/ANTIBIOTICS

mancozeb Dithane Manzate Penncozeb

Dithiocarbamate M 1 1 1 4 - 45 24 hrs Apple scab, cedar apple rust, flyspeck, sooty blotch

metiram Polyram Dithiocarbamate M 1 1 1 3 - 45 - Apple scab, cedar apple rust, flyspeck, sooty blotch

thiabendazole Mertect Imidazole 1 1 1 - - - PH - Storage rots (blue and grey mold))

myclobutanil Nova Triazole 3 1 1 1 1 - 14 dry Apple & pear scab, powdery mildew, cedar apple rust

penthiopyrad Fontelis Carboxamide 7 1 1 1 1 - 28 12 hrs Apple & pear scab, powdery mildew, cedar apple rust

pyrimethanil Scala Anilinopyrimidine 9 1 1 - 1 - 72

14

24 hrs Apple & pear scab, storage rots

Pantoea

agglomerans strain C9-1

BlightBan C9-1 Biopesticide 11 1 1 1 1 1 - 4 hrs Suppression of fire blight

Pantoea

agglomerans strain E325

Bloomtime Biological Biopesticide 11 1 1 1 1 1 - 4 hrs Suppression of fire blight

streptomycin sulfate Streptomycin Antibiotic 18 1 1 - 1 - 50 24 hrs to 14 days Fire blight sulphur Kumulus Microscopic Sulphur

Inorganic M 1 1 1 3 3 1 - Powdery mildew, apple & pear scab

thiophanate-methyl Senator MBC 1 1 1 1 1 - 7 - Apple & pear scab, powdery mildew

trifloxystrobin Flint Strobilurin 11 1 1 1 - - 14 12 hrs

to 4 days

Apple & pear scab, powdery mildew, sooty blotch, flyspeck, cedar apple rust

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12

Active Ingredient

Product Chemical Family

G R O U P Relative Toxicity (1=least,5=most) D A Y S T O H A R V E S T RE -EN T R Y I N T ER VAL Pests Controlled M A M M A L _B E E S T Y P H S O T H E R I N S E C T S O R A L S K I N

INSECTICIDES

acetamiprid Assail Chloronicotines 4 1 1 4 1 - 7 12 hrs Aphids, apple maggot, apple sawfly, leafminer, leafhoppers,

codling moth, pear psylla

Bacillus thuringienis Dipel 2XDF Bioprotec CAF

Bt Microbial 11 1 1 1 1 1 1 - Winter moth, leafrollers

carbaryl Sevin Carbamate 1 2 1 5 1 1 11 - White apple leafhopper, pear leaf blister mite

chlorantraniliprole Altacor Ryanodine receptors 28 2 1 3 3 4 14 12 hrs Codling moth, obliquebanded leafroller, leaf miner

clothianidin Clutch Neonicotinoid 4 1 1 4 - - 7 12 hrs Aphids, leafhoppers, plum curculio, leafminer, pear psylla

cypermethrin Ripcord

Up-Cyde

Pyrethroid 3 2 1 3 3 3 7 - Winter moth (NS), bud moth, pale apple leafroller, tarnished plant

bug, pear psylla

deltamethrin Decis Pyrethroid 3 2 1 5 5 5 1 - Leafrollers, winter moth, pear psylla

flonicamid Beleaf Pyridinecarboxamide 9C 1 1 1 - 1 21 48 hrs Aphids

lambda cyhalothrin Matador/Warrior Pyrethroid 3 2 1 3 3 4 7 24 hrs Winter moth, leafrollers, tarnished plant bug, pear psylla

imidacloprid Admire/Alias Neonicotinoid 4 1 1 - 1 3 7 24 hrs Rosy and green apple aphid, white apple leafhopper, mullein bug

methoxyfenozide Intrepid Ecdysone Disrupter 18 1 1 1 1 1 14 dry Pale apple, obliquebanded, and three lined leafroller, pear psylla

novaluron Rimon IGR 15 1 1 - 1 - 14 12 Codling moth

permethrin Pounce Pyrethroid 3 2 2 5 5 5 7 - Winter moth, fruitworm, bud moth, pear psylla

phosmet Imidan Organophosphate 1B 2 1 5 1 5 14 7 days Tent caterpillar, leafrollers, fruitworm, green pug moth,

eyespotted budmoth, plum curculio, codling moth, apple maggot, pear psylla

spinosad Success Naturalyte 5 1 1 1 3 1 7 12 hrs Obliquebanded, three lined, fruittree & European leafroller,

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13 INSECTICIDES

spinetoram Delegate Naturalyte 5 1 1 1 - 1 7 12 hrs Codling moth, eye spotted bud moth, obliquebanded, and three

lined leafroller, spotted tentiform leafminer

spirotetramat Movento Tetronic Acid 23 1 1 2 1 1 7 12 hrs Rosy apple aphid, apple aphids, pear psylla

sulfoxaflor Closer Neonicotinoid 4C 1 1 - - 7 12 hrs Green apple and rosy apple aphid. Suppression of woolly apple

aphid

tebufenozide Confirm Ecdysone Disrupter 18 1 1 1 1 1 14 12 hrs Obliquebanded leafroller, codling moth, winter moth, green pug

moth

thiacloprid Calypso Chloronicotines 4 2 1 2 1 30 12 hrs Codling moth, plum curculio, apple maggot, mullein bug,

leafhopper,spotted tentiform leafminer,aphids, apple sawfly, pear psylla

thiamethoxam Actara Neonicotinoid 4 1 1 3 1 - 60 12 hrs Rosy apple aphid, mullein bug, spotted tentiform leafminer, plum

curculio, pear psylla

kaolin Surround Kaolin 1 1 1 1 1 - - Apple maggot, leafrollers, leafhopper, plum curculio, tarnished

plant bug, first generation codling moth

MITICIDES

acequinocyl Kanemite Quinolinone 20 1 1 - 1 - 14 12 hrs European red, two spotted spider

bifenazate Acramite Carbazate 25 1 1 3 1 - 7 12 hrs Two spotted spider, McDaniel and European red mites

abamectin Agri-Mek Avermectin 6 1 1 1 1 1 28 Dry All mites, pear psylla

clofentezine Apollo Tetrazine 10 1 1 1 1 1 - 12 European red, two spotted spider and McDaniel mite

formetanate Carzol Carbamate 1A 4 1 3 5 5 1 - All mites, white apple leafhopper

petroleum oil Superior oil - 4 - 2 1 1 - - European red mite, oystershell scale

mineral oil Purespray Green - 4 - 2 1 1 - - European red mite, European fruit, lecanium, oystershell, and

San Jose scale, powdery mildew

pyridaben Nexter Pyridazinone 21 1 1 - 3 - 25 24 hrs All mites

spirodiclofen Envidor Tetronic Acid 23 1 1 2 3 1 7 12 hrs All mites

OTHER

diphacinone Ramik Brown Indandione - 5 - 1 1 1 - - Mice

chlorophacinone Rozol

Groundforce

Indandione - 5 5 - 1 1 1 - Mice

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Green Tip 14

Apple Orchard Management Schedule for Nova Scotia 2013/2014

A guide to insect, mite and disease management in apple orchards

-

All rates are per hectare of mature (“standard”) trees or full dilute volume of about 3370 litres of water /ha. To adjust for smaller trees and higher density plantings, refer to Tree Row Volume factsheet TF 92002 or Integrated Fruit Production Guide.

-All rates are based on label rates. In some cases, reduced rates can be used based on factors other than tree size. Please refer to specific notes or your agricultural advisor for details. -Always read the label before using any pesticide. Where differences between the label and this schedule occur, label information prevails.

Disease and Insects Products Formulation Rate per ha Notes

GREEN TIP

Apple Scab Use one of the following listed fungicides. ► Maestro Supra Captan 80 DF 80 WDG

3.75 kg Do not mix with oil or strongly alkaline materials. Do not use 7 days before or after an oil application. Early season sprays may cause injury to the foliage of Red Delicious.

► Dithane Manzate 200 Penncozeb 75 DG 75 DF 75 DF

6.00 kg Compatible with oil.

► Polyram 80 DF 6.00 kg Compatible with oil. Do not mix with liquid fertilizer or hydrated lime.

► Allegro 500 F 0.75-1.0 L Make no more than 3 sequential applications before alternating with a fungicide belonging to alternate chemical family. Make no

more than 9 applications per year. Apply with a minimum of 1000 liters of water. Use higher rate for heavy disease pressure and on more susceptible cultivars.

► Scala SC 0.75-1.0 L Apply at 7-12 day intervals from green tip to petal fall. Do not apply post bloom. Do not apply more than 6.0 L per hectare or

more than 4 applications in a row. Apply in a minimum spray volume of 1000 L/ha.

► Vangard 75 WG 370 g Apply as a protectant spray on a 7 to 10 day schedule. Do not apply more than 2 applications alone. Do not apply more than 6

times per season. Do not apply more than 1.5 kg/ha of Vangard per season. Avoid drift onto cherries. For added protection and resistance management tank mix with one of the following: Polyram DF, Manzate 200 DF or Dithane DG at full rate.

► Equal/Syllit 65 WP 1.08-2.25 kg Compatible with oil. Use high rate for high disease pressure and low rate for low disease pressure. For missed infection periods, apply 3.25 kg/ha within 36 hours of infection period start. Restrict use to avoid scab resistance, alternate with other fungicides that are not in group M7.

► Senator + Captan 70 WP 80 WP 625 g 2.00 kg

Must be used as a mixture to avoid scab resistance. Do not mix with lime or other alkaline materials. Do not mix the Captan mixture with oil or apply 7 days before or after an oil application. If Benomyl resistance has been detected this product may be ineffective.

European Red Mite Assess winter eggs on twigs and bark, refer to Pest Management Fact Sheet #6 or Best Management Practices for NS Apple Production. http://perennia.ca/fruit.php ► Superior Oil

Purespray Green Spray Oil

70 sec 13 E

65 L 65 L

Best results are obtained when applied with a high volume of water 1500 to 3370 L/ha. Do not apply oil during freezing temperatures or just following a frost. Check compatibility with fungicide. May cause bark injury on Red Delicious and Empire.

15 mm GREEN to TIGHT CLUSTER

Apple Scab Use a fungicide as listed under Green Tip. Check fungicide compatibility with oil treatments for mites.

Powdery Mildew If mildew was a problem during the previous growing season select an appropriate fungicide listed below. In most cases mildew treatment should begin around the tight cluster stage of bud development. Under extreme mildew pressure treatments can begin earlier. General fungicide treatments for powdery mildew will also control apple scab.

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Tight Cluster-Bud Separation

15

Disease and Insects Products Formulation Rate per ha Notes

Powdery Mildew ► Sovran 50 WG 240-450 g Do not make more than 2 sequential applications or more than 4 applications per year of Sovran or Flint then alternate with 2 applications of a fungicide with a different mode of action. Apply at 10 to14 day intervals using the shorter interval for periods of rapid shoot growth. Use the 240 g rate for low to moderate disease pressure and 450 g for high to extreme disease pressure.

► Flint 50 WG 140-210 g Do not apply more than 2 sequential applications of Flint or Sovran. Do not apply more than 4 times per season.

► Pristine WG 1.0-1.2 kg Do not apply more than 4 times per year. Use high rate under high disease pressure.

► Fontelis S 1-1.5 L Use high rate when disease pressure is high. Make no more than 2 sequential applications before switching to a fungicide of a

different chemical family. Maximum seasonal use rate 4.5 L.

► Luna Tranquility SC 600 mL Apply with a minimum water volume of 500 L/ha. Do not exceed 4 applications or 3.2 L/ha/season. Do not make more than 2

sequential applications. Will also control apple scab when used at a rate of 800 mL/ha.

► Microscopic Sulphur Kumulus 92 G DF 19.50 kg 22.50 kg

Do not apply within 30 days of an oil treatment. Do not apply if high temperatures (26º C+) and humidity prevail or are expected during the three days following application. Do not use on Delicious. Usage may result in elevated populations of red mite and scale.

Winter Moth Assess larvae at this stage and refer to Pest Management Fact Sheet #8 or Best Management Practices for NS Apple Production. http://perennia.ca/fruit.php

Spotted Tentiform

Leafminer Assess adult activity at this time and refer to Pest Management Fact Sheet # 21. http://perennia.ca/fruit.php

European Red Mite Assess winter eggs on twigs and bark. Refer to Pest Management Fact Sheet #6 or Best Management Practices for NS Apple Production. http://perennia.ca/fruit.php

► Superior Oil Purespray Green Spray Oil

70 sec 15 E

65 L 65 L

Best results are obtained when applied with a high volume of water 1,500 to 3,370 L/ha. Do not apply oil during freezing temperatures or just following a frost. Check compatibility with fungicide. May cause bark injury on Red Delicious and Empire.

Solupacks-Many pesticides have been packed into solupacks, but beware that these may not dissolve properly in the presence of oil, boron or chlorine in the spray tank.

BUD SEPARATION

Apple Scab Use one of the following listed fungicides.

► Allegro 500F 0.75-1.0 L Make no more than 3 sequential applications before alternating with a fungicide belonging to alternate chemical family. Make no

more than 9 applications per year. Apply with a minimum of 1000 liters of water. Use higher rate for heavy disease pressure and on more susceptible cultivars.

► Maestro

Supra Captan

80 DF 80 WDG

3.75 kg Do not mix with oil or strongly alkaline materials. Do not use 7 days before or after an oil application.

► Equal/Syllit 65 WP 1.08-2.25 kg Compatible with oil. Use high rate for high disease pressure and low rate low disease pressure. For missed infection periods, apply 3.25 kg/ha within 36 hours of infection period start. Restrict use to avoid scab resistance, alternate with other fungicides that are not in the M group.

► Dithane Manzate 200 Penncozeb 75 DG 75 DF 75 DF 6.00 kg 6.00 kg 6.00 kg

Compatible with oil.

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Bud Separation

16

Disease and Insects Products Formulation Rate per ha Notes

Apple Scab ► Scala SC 0.75-1.0 L Apply at 7-12 day intervals from green tip to petal fall. Do not apply post bloom. Do not apply more than 6.0 L per hectare or

more than 4 applications in a row. Apply in a minimum spray volume of 1000 L/ha.

► Vangard 75 WG 190 g

Apply as a protectant spray on a 7 to 10 day schedule. Do not apply more than 2 applications alone. Do not apply more than 6 times per season. Do not apply more than 1.5 kg/ha of Vangard per season. Avoid drift onto cherries. For added protection and resistance management tank mix with one of the following: Polyram DF,Manzate 200 DF or Dithane DG at full rate.

► Nova + Dithane or Polyram or Maestro 40 W DG DF 80DF 340 g 3.00 kg 3.00 kg 1.90 kg

Only 4 applications of this product are recommended yearly for proper resistance management. If an infection period is missed, apply Nova at 340 g/ha as soon as possible after the infection period and within 96 hours of the start of the infection period; follow this with a second application 7 days later. This product should be tank-mixed with Dithane, Polyram or Maestro for resistance management.

► Inspire SC 292 mL Do not apply more than 2 sequential applications for proper resistance management. For added protection apply as a tank mix

with one of the following, Maestro, Captan Supra, Dithane, Manzate, Penncozeb, or Vangard. Do not apply more than 1.6 L /season.

► Flint 50 WG 140-175 g Do not apply more than 2 sequential applications of Flint or Sovran. Do not apply more than 4 times per season.

► Sovran 50 WG 180-360 g Do not make more than 2 sequential applications of Sovran then alternate with 2 applications of a fungicide with a different mode

of action. Do not apply more than 4 times per season. Apply at 10 to14 day intervals using the shorter interval for periods of rapid shoot growth. Use the 360 gram rate during heavy infection periods. The 180 g rate is suggested as a protectant spray only. Do not exceed the maximum season use rate of 1.8 kg/ha per season.

Caution: spray drift can be phototoxic to some sweet cherry cultivars.

► Luna Tranquility SC 800 mL Apply with a minimum water volume of 500 L/ha. Do not exceed 4 applications or 3.2 L/ha/season. Do not make more than 2

sequential applications. Will also control powdery mildew. ► Senator + Captan 70 WP 80 WP 625 g 2.00 kg

Must be used as a mixture to avoid scab resistance. Do not mix with lime or other alkaline materials. If Benomyl resistance has been detected this product may be ineffective.

Powdery Mildew Use one of the fungicides listed for 15 mm Green Tip to Tight Cluster.

Fruitworm If treating winter moth or green pug moth, a separate treatment for fruitworm would not be necessary at this time.

► Imidan 50 WP 3.75 kg Do not mix with alkaline materials.

Winter Moth

Green Pug Moth Green pug moth seldom needs treatment. Contact an IPM advisor for advice on control of this pest.

► Confirm 240 F 1.00 L Application timing is tight cluster to full pink. Confirm will also suppress green pug moth, pale apple leafroller and leafminer

larvae.

► Intrepid 240 F 0.75 L Application timing is tight cluster to full pink. Intrepid will also suppress green pug moth, pale apple leafroller and leafminer

larvae. ► Dipel + Ripcord 2X DF 400 EC 280 g 12.5 mL

Application timing is late tight cluster to early pink. More effective on early instar caterpillars. Less disruptive to predatory mites than other synthetic pyrethroids. Only one application per year.

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Bud Separation-Pink

17

Disease and Insects Products Formulation Rate per ha Notes

Winter Moth ► Green Pug Moth

Bioprotec + Ripcord CAF 400 EC 700 mL 12.5 mL

Application timing is late tight cluster to early pink.

Less disruptive to predatory mites than other synthetic pyrethroids. Only one application per year.

► Imidan 50 WP 3.75 kg Do not mix with strongly alkaline materials.

► Matador

Warrior

120 EC 83 mL Pyrethroids are disruptive to IPM programs leading to mite flare ups and therefore should be avoided. Ripcord is somewhat less disruptive to predatory mites while Decis is broad spectrum and one of the most powerful synthetic pyrethroids.

Avoid applying synthetic pyrethroids when temperatures rise above 20°C because their activity is greatly reduced.

► Ripcord 400 EC 125 mL

► Decis 5.0 EC 150 mL

► Pounce 384 EC 260 mL

Rosy Apple Aphid Assess at this time. Refer to Pest Management Fact Sheet # 10 or Best Management Practices for NS Apple Production. http://perennia.ca/fruit.php

► Assail 70 WP 80 -120 g Use high rate under heavy pressure. Do not apply more than 4 times a year or exceed 960 g of product per season.

► Actara 25 WG 160 g Only make one prebloom application with a maximum of 2 applications per season. A minimum spray volume of 1000 litres of

water is recommended for standard trees. Toxic to bees and should not be applied to flowering crops or weeds if bees are visiting the treatment area.

► Calypso 480 SC 145-290 mL Use higher rates for greater pest populations and/or dense foliage. Do not apply more than three times per year and a total of

875 mL. Thorough spray coverage of foliage is essential for optimum control.

► Beleaf 50 SG 120-160 g Use higher rates for greater pest populations and/or dense foliage. Do not apply more than three times per year and a total of

480 g. Thorough spray coverage of foliage is essential for optimum control.

► Closer SC 100-200 mL Do not apply when bloom is present or when flowering weeds are present. Do not apply more than twice per year.

► Movento 240 SC 365-435 ml Maximum amount of product that can be applied per growing season is 1.83 L/ha. Apply with a minimum water volume of 500

L/ha. Use high rate for moderate to high pest pressure.

PINK

Apple Scab Use one of the fungicides listed under bud separation.

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Pink-Bloom

18

Mites Assess mites and mite eggs on leaves. Treat only when thresholds are reached.

► Acramite 50 WS 567-850 g Apply lower rate (2 pouches/2 acres) for two-spotted mite and high rate (3 pouches/2 acres) for European red mite. Apply only

once per year. Primarily active on motile stage of mites.

► Apollo 500 SC 300-600 mL One application per year. Longer protection will be obtained when applied at the Calyx stage of fruit development.

Rosy Apple Aphid Assess at this time. Refer to Pest Management Fact Sheet # 10 or Best Management Practices for NS Apple Production. http://perennia.ca/fruit.php

► Actara 25 WG 160 g Only make one prebloom application with a maximum of 2 applications per season. A minimum spray volume of 1000 litres of

water is recommended for standard trees. Toxic to bees and should not be applied to flowering crops or weeds if bees are visiting the treatment area.

► Movento 240 SC 365-435 ml Maximum amount of product that can be applied per growing season is 1.83 L/ha. Apply with a minimum water volume of 500

Obliquebanded

Leafroller Assess at this time. Refer to Pest Management Fact Sheet 16. Leafrollers are often controlled by pesticides that are applied at this time of year for more serious insect pests. If a specific treatment is required to control a high overwintering population of leafroller then select one of the following pesticides.

► Altacor 35 WG 145-285 g Apply when overwintering larvae are active and before they roll up in leaves. Pink through petal fall.

► Delegate WG 210-420 g Use high rate for high insect pressure or large larvae. Application timing same as above.

► Confirm 240 F 1.00L Maximum of 4 applications per season. If split application is used (0.5 L/ha), apply second application 10 to 14 days after the

initial treatment.

► Success 480 SC 182 mL Apply with a sufficient volume of water to thoroughly wet foliage. Repeat application in 10 to 14 days if monitoring indicates.

Do not apply more than three times per season for leafroller control. Do not apply more than 546 mL of product per year.

BLOOM

Apple Scab If possible, avoid all sprays during bloom. Otherwise, use only bee-safe fungicides (not Polyram) and apply at night. Use one of the recommended fungicides listed under Pink.

Insects DO NOT USE INSECTICIDES DURING BLOOM.

Mites DO NOT USE MITICIDES DURING BLOOM.

Pollination Place bee hives (2-3 per hectare) in orchards at 10% bloom.

Wild Apple Trees Flag during bloom for later removal to help with apple maggot control.

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Bloom-Caylx

19

Fire Blight ► Streptomycin 17 600g/1,000 L Apply prior to a wetting period when there is a high risk of infection. Most effective when applied as a dilute spray and not in a tank mix. Re-application is needed in two to three days if warm wet conditions (20ºC) prevail. Do not apply more than three times per season.

► BlightBan C9-1 375-500 g Use high rate under conditions of high disease pressure. Apply at 15-20% bloom followed by a second application at full bloom.

Copper-based products are incompatible with BlightBan.

► Bloomtime Biological 375-500 g Use high rate under conditions of high disease pressure. Apply at 15-20% bloom followed by a second application at full bloom. Copper-based products are incompatible with Bloomtime.

► Blossom Protect

WG 1 package Rate is based upon 2 m canopy height. Apply up to 5 times based upon Maryblyt™ risk of infection. Apply with 1000L of water.

CALYX

Apple Scab Use one of the recommended fungicides listed for Pink.

Powdery Mildew Use one of the fungicides listed for 15 mm Green Tip to Tight Cluster.

Winter Moth Fruitworms

Assess and refer to Pest Management Fact Sheets #8 and #14 or Best Management Practices for NS Apple Production. Pre-bloom treatments of Confirm for winter moth or leafroller may have an impact on fruitworm. http://perennia.ca/fruit.php

► Imidan 50 WP 3.75 kg

Apple Leafrollers Assess at this time for Pale apple, Obliquebanded, Fruittree or Threelined leafroller. These leafrollers are often adequately controlled by treatments for other larval insects.

► Altacor 35 WG 145-285 g Apply when overwintering larvae are active and before they roll up in leaves. Pink through petal fall.

► Delegate WG 210-420 g Use high rate for high insect pressure or large larvae. Application timing same as above.

► Success 480 SC 182 mL Do not apply more than 546 mL of product per year.

► Confirm 240 F 1.00 L

► Intrepid 240 F 0.75 L Application timing is late bloom to early petal fall.

► Matador/Warrior 120 EC 83 mL Ripcord is somewhat less disruptive to predatory mites, while Decis is broad spectrum and one of the most powerful synthetic pyrethroids. Pyrethroids are disruptive to IPM programs and therefore should be avoided. Avoid applying synthetic pyrethroids when temperatures rise above 20°C as their activity is greatly reduced.

► Decis 5.0 EC 200 mL

Mites Assess active mites and mite eggs on leaves. Treat only when thresholds are reached. Apollo will not control apple rust mite, which is generally considered a good food source for predatory mites.

► Acramite 50 WS 567-850 g Apply lower rate (2 pouches/2 acres) for two spotted spider mite and high rate (3 pouches/2 acres) for European red mite.

Apply only once per year. Primarily active on motile stage of mites.

► Apollo 500 SC 300-600 mL Apply within14 days of petal fall. One application per year.

► Agri-Mek + Superior Oil 1.9 EC 70 sec 750 mL + 10 L

Works best if applied just after petal fall. May cause russeting on Golden Delicious and other light-skinned varieties. Do not apply with Captan or within 14 days of a Captan application. Do not apply more than once per season. Apply with a minimum of 1000 L of water/ha.

► Envidor 240 SC 750 mL Only use post bloom and once per year. Apply with a minimum of 1000 L of water/ha. Works on eggs, all nymphal stages and

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Caylx

20

Mites ► Kanemite 15 SC 2.1 L Do not apply more than twice per season. Effective on all life stages of European red and two-spotted mites. Apply with a minimum of 1000 L of water/ha.

Rosy Apple Aphid Assess at this time. Refer to Pest Management Fact Sheet # 10- “Thresholds for Rosy Apple Aphids in Nova Scotia”, or Best Management Practices for NS Apple Production. http://perennia.ca/fruit.php

► Actara 25 WG 160 g A maximum of 2 applications per season. A minimum spray volume of 1000 litres of water is recommended for standard trees.

Toxic to bees and should not be applied to flowering crops or weeds if bees are visiting the treatment area.

► Admire/Alias 240 FLO 230 mL Will also control green aphid and white apple leafhopper. Do not apply more than twice a year. Apply with a high volume of

water. Uniform coverage is necessary for optimal control.

► Clutch 50 WDG 140-210 g Do not apply more than 2 applications per season and do not exceed 420 g/ha/season. Will also control green aphid and white

apple leafhopper. Toxic to bees and should not be applied to flowering crops or weeds if bees are visiting the treatment area.

► Movento 240 SC 365-435 mL Maximum amount of product that can be applied per growing season is 1.83 L/ha. Apply with a minimum water volume of 500

Stinging Bugs Assess as close to petal fall as possible. Consult with crop advisor as pesticides applied at this time of year for other pests may provide control of stinging bugs.

► Admire/Alias 240 FLO 380 mL Will also control green aphid and white apple leafhopper. Do not apply more than twice a year. Apply with a high volume of

water. Uniform coverage is necessary for optimal control.

► Calypso 480 SC 145-290 Apply for mullein bug when nymphs have reached an economic threshold. Second application may be required 7 to 14 days

later if there is extended emergence.

► Ripcord 400 EC 250 mL Pyrethroids are less toxic to New Zealand typhs and are rated as 1 (least toxic). Ripcord and Cymbush are less disruptive to

predatory mites, while Decis is broad spectrum and one of the most powerful synthetic pyrethroids. Pyrethroids are disruptive to IPM programs leading to mite flare ups and therefore should be avoided.

Avoid applying synthetic pyrethroids when temperatures rise above 20°C as their activity is greatly reduced

► Matador

Warrior 120 EC 83 mL

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Caylx-First Cover

21

Disease and Insects Products Formulation Rate per ha Notes White Apple

Leafhopper Assess at this time. Refer to Pest Management Fact Sheet # 19. http://perennia.ca/fruit.php

► Admire/Alias 240 FLO 200 mL Do not apply more than twice a year. Apply with a high volume of water to obtain uniform coverage for optimal control.

► Calypso 480 FLO 145-290 Apply once threshold has been reached.

► Clutch 50 WDG 140-210 g Do not apply more than 2 applications per season and do not exceed 420 g/ha/season. Will also control Rosy and green aphid.

Toxic to bees and should not be applied to flowering crops or weeds if bees are visiting the treatment area.

► Sevin XLR Plus 2.30 L Unless thinning of apples is desired, do not use within 30 days of full bloom.

European Apple Sawfly

Treat as a special spray where there has been a history of damage

► Assail 70 WP 120-240 g Adequate spray coverage is required for optimal control. Use high rate under heavy pressure. Do not apply more than 4 times a

year or exceed 960 g of product per season

► Calypso 480 SC 290-440 mL Apply at late petal. In mixed blocks do not apply to those cultivars still in bloom. Use higher rates for greater pest populations and/or dense foliage. Do not apply more than three times per year and a total of 875 mL. Thorough spray coverage of foliage is essential for optimum control.

FIRST COVER

Apple Scab Use one of the recommended fungicides listed under Pink.

Codling Moth Hang pheromone traps at this time (1 trap per 2 hectares). Approximate date June 10.

Mites Assess mites and mite eggs on leaves. Treat only when thresholds are reached

► Acramite 50 WS 567-850 g Apply lower rate (2 pouches/2 acres) for twospotted spider mite and high rate (3 pouches/ 2 acres) for European red mite. Apply only once per year. Primarily active on motile stage of mites.

► Agri-Mek + Superior Oil 1.9 EC 70 sec 750 mL 10 L

Works best if applied within 14 days of petal fall. Do not use 7 days before or after an oil application. May cause russeting on Golden Delicious and other light-skinned varieties. Do not apply with Captan or within 14 days of a Captan application. Do not apply more than once per season. Apply with a minimum of 1000 L of water/ha.

► Nexter 75 WP 300-600 g Use the higher end of rate range to control high populations of twospotted spider mite. Effective against immature stages but not eggs. Apply with a minimum of 1000 L of water per hectare. For resistance management limit use to one application per season.

► Envidor 240 SC 750 mL Only use post bloom and once per year. Apply with a minimum of 1000 L of water/ha. Works on eggs, all nymphal stages and adult females.

► Kanemite 15 SC 2.1 L Do not apply more than twice per season. Effective on all life stages of European red and two-spotted mites. Apply with a minimum of 1000 L of water/ha.

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Second Cover-Codling Moth Decision Table

22 SECOND COVER

Apple Scab Use one of the recommended fungicides listed for Pink.

Codling Moth Rates can be adjusted (except for Confirm & Intrepid) according to trap captures (See Codling Moth Decision Table, below)

► Altacor 35 WG 145-215 g Apply just prior to first egg hatch (80-100 degree days after the biofix date). Apply with a minimum of 450 L/ha. Watch

newsletter for timing.

► Rimon 10 EC .93-1.4 L Apply with 1000 L of water. Apply at 100 degree days after biofix just prior to or after egg laying. Use the lower rate on trees that are less than 3 m in height and the higher rate on trees 3 m and larger in height. See label for adjusting rates based upon volume of water per hectare.

► Calypso 480 SC 290-440 mL Apply during peak egg laying or just prior to egg hatch. Use low rate for low to moderate pest pressure.

► Confirm 240 F 1.00 L Apply at 200 degree days after biofix or first egg hatch (3-6 days prior to other controls) and possibly again in 14-21 days. Do

not apply in less than 1000 L of water per hectare. Watch newsletter for timing.

► Intrepid 240 F 1.0 L Apply at 200 degree days after biofix or first egg hatch (3-6 days prior to other controls) and possibly again in 14-21 days. Do

► Delegate WG 420 g Apply at 200 degree days after biofix or first egg hatch (3-6 days prior to other controls) and possibly again in 14-21 days. Do

► Assail 70 WP 120-240 g Use high rate under heavy pressure. Do not apply more than 4 times a year or exceed 960 g of product per season.

► Imidan 50 WP 3.75 kg Target 3% egg hatch based on degree days.

Codling Moth Decision Table

Cumulative Codling MothTrap Capture Percent of Full Crop

10-20% 21-50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%

10-19 - 1/4 rate - - - - -

20-39 - 1/4 rate 1/4 rate 1/4 rate 1/4 rate - -

40-99 1/4 rate 1/4 rate 1/4 rate 1/4 rate 1/4 rate 1/4 rate 1/4 rate

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Third Cover

23 THIRD COVER

Apple Scab Depending on primary scab season length and freedom from primary infections, rates of broad spectrum fungicides may be reduced. Use one of the following listed fungicides. ► Maestro

Supra Captan

80 DF 80 WDG

1.90-3.75 kg Do not mix with strongly alkaline materials without adjusting pH.

► Allegro 500 F 0.75-1.0 L Make no more than 3 sequential applications before alternating with a fungicide belonging to alternate chemical family. Make

no more than 9 applications per year. Apply with a minimum of 1000 liters of water. Use higher rate for heavy disease pressure and on more susceptible cultivars.

► Senator + Captan 70 WP 80 WP 625 g 2.00 kg

Must be used as a mixture to avoid scab resistance. Do not mix with lime or other alkaline materials. If Benomyl resistance has been detected this product may be ineffective.

► Equal/Syllit 65 WP 2.25 kg Restrict use to avoid scab resistance, alternate with other fungicides.

► Polyram 80 DF 4.5-6.00 kg ► Dithane Manzate 200 Penncozeb 75 DG 75 DF 75 DF 5.00-6.00 kg

► Allegro 500 F 0.75-1.0 L Make no more than 3 sequential applications before alternating with a fungicide belonging to alternate chemical family. Make

no more than 9 applications per year. Apply with a minimum of 1000 liters of water. Use higher rate for heavy disease pressure and on more susceptible cultivars.

Apple Maggot Hang traps in early July. Monitoring traps will determine when first maggot flies appear and when control is needed. It is recommended that yellow cards be replaced after 30 days of field exposure.

► Surround WP 25-50 kg Make 2 applications 7 days before expected egg laying or at first trap captures. Continue applications every 7-14 days to keep

fruit completely covered until late August. Base rates on tree-row-volume.

► Calypso 480 SC 440 mL Apply based upon trap captures.

► Imidan 50 WP 3.75 kg Consult with crop advisor on reduced rates.

European Red, Two- Spotted and Rust Mites

Assess mites and mite eggs on leaves. Treat only when thresholds are reached. Apple rust mite is generally considered a good food source for predatory mites and treatment is recommended only when populations are high enough to significantly stress foliage. If treatment is required for rust mite only, miticide rates can be reduced.

► Acramite 50 WS 567-850 g Apply lower rate (2 pouches/2 acres) for twospotted spider mite and high rate (3 pouches/2 acres) for European red mite.

► Carzol 92 SP 1.10 kg Broad spectrum, not recommended for IPM programs and it is very harsh on typhs. Hydrolyzes rapidly in alkaline solution.

► Envidor 240 SC 750 mL Only use post bloom and once per year. Apply with a minimum of 1000 L of water/ha. Works on eggs, all nymphal stages and

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Fourth

Cover

24

Mites ► Kanemite 15 SC 2.1 L Do not apply more than twice per season. Effective on all life stages of European red and two-spotted mites. Apply with a minimum of 1000 L of water/ha.

► Nexter 75 WP 300-600 g Use the higher end of rate range to control high populations of two-spotted spider mite. Effective against immature stages but

not eggs. Apply with a minimum of 1000 L of water per hectare. For resistance management limit use to one application per season.

Codling Moth Rates (except Confirm & Intrepid) may be reduced according to the Codling Moth Decision Table found in Second Cover. Generally, a second treatment is only needed after 10 or more moths have been trapped following the first treatment. Treatments (except Surround) for apple maggot at this time would also control codling moth.

► Calypso 480 SC 290-440 mL Use low rate for low to moderate pest pressure.

► Confirm 240 F 1.00 L

► Intrepid 240 F 1.00 L

► Delegate WG 420 g Do not apply in less than 1000 L of water per hectare.

FOURTH COVER

Eyespotted Bud Moth

May also be controlled by organophosphates targeted at other pests during this time.

Spotted Tentiform Leafminer

Monitor and assess mines for parasitism, refer to Pest Management Fact Sheet # 21. http://perennia.ca/fruit.php

Apple Scab Use a fungicide listed under Third Cover.

Scooty Blotch Fly Speck

Use a fungicide that controls apple scab as well as sooty blotch and fly speck.

Apple Maggot Clean out or replace traps after first treatment. Monitoring traps will determine when and if additional control is needed.

► Surround WP 25-50 kg Continue applications every 7-14 days to keep fruit completely covered until late August. Base rates on tree row volume.

► Calypso 480 SC 440 mL Apply based upon trap captures.

► Imidan 50 WP 3.75 kg Consult with crop advisor on reduced rates.

European Red and Twospotted Mites

Assess mites and mite eggs on leaves. Treat only when thresholds are reached.

► Acramite 50 WS 567-850 g Apply lower rate (2 pouches/2 acres) for two-spotted spider mite and high rate (3 pouches/2 acres) for European red mite.

► Carzol 92 SP 1.10 kg Broad spectrum, not recommend for IPM. Very harsh on typhs. Hydrolyzes rapidly in alkaline solution.

► Envidor 240 SC 750 mL Only use post bloom and once per year. Apply with a minimum of 1000 L of water/ha. Works on eggs, all nymphal stages

and adult females.

► Kanemite 15 SC 2.1 L Do not apply more than twice per season. Effective on all life stages European red and two-spotted mites. Apply with a

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August to November

25

Disease and Insects

Products Formulation Rate per ha Notes

► Nexter 75 WP 300-600 g Use the higher end of rate range to control high populations of two-spotted spider mite. Effective against immature stages

but not eggs. Apply with a minimum of 1000 L of water per hectare. For resistance management limit use to one application per season.

Codling Moth Treat as in Third Cover if captures warrant.

White Apple Leafhopper

Asses at this time. Carzol treatments for mites will also control leafhopper. Treat when population reaches an average of one nymph per leaf based on a 100 leaf count.

► Admire/Alias 240 FLO 200 mL Do not apply more than twice a year. Apply with a high volume of water. Uniform coverage is necessary for optimal control.

► Calypso 480 SC 145-290 mL Use high rate under heavy pressure.

► Clutch 50 WDG 140-210 g Do not apply more than 2 applications per season and do not exceed 420 g/ha/season. Will also control green aphid. Toxic to

bees and should not be applied to flowering crops or weeds if bees are visiting the treatment area.

► Sevin XLR 1.20 L

AUGUST to NOVEMBER

Leaf Tissue

Analysis

Collect samples the first week of August.

Storage Rots Preharvest controls should only be necessary in wet seasons and/or when summer disease control was inadequate.

► Scala SC 1.5-2.0 L/ha Apply a single application 2 weeks prior to harvest for control of botrytis and suppression of penicillium. Use higher rate if there is a history of high disease pressure in the orchard or storage.

► Captan Maestro 80 WP 80 DF 1.90-3.75 kg 2.00-4.00 kg Storage Rots - Postharvest Control

Control of blue and grey mold.

► Scholar 50 WP 600 g/1000L Post harvest dip (blue and grey mold)

► Mertect SC 1 L/ 1000L Post harvest dip.

Mice Assess and treat when populations warrant.

► Ramik Brown 2 X 11 kg Apply after harvestable fruit has been removed. Make 2 applications at 11 kg/ha 20-40 days apart, no later than March 1. Post areas. Make inaccessible to children, pets and wildlife.

► Rozol Groundforce

11.00-11.25 kg

Repeat application in 20-60 days where infestation is high. ► Zinc Phosphide

Bait

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Dormant-Blossom Bud Exposed

26 Pear Orchard Management Schedule 2013/2014

A guide to insect, mite and disease management in Nova Scotia pear orchards

-

All rates are per hectare of mature(“standard”) trees or full dilute volume of about 3370 litres of water /ha. To adjust for smaller trees and higher density plantings, refer to Tree Row Volume factsheet TF

92002.

-All rates are based on label rates. In some cases, reduced rates can be used based on factors other than tree size. Please refer to specific notes or your agricultural advisor for details. -Always read the label before using any pesticide. Where differences between the label and this schedule occur, label information prevails

Dormant

Pear Leaf Blister Mite

► Sevin XLR Plus FLO 2.3 L Oil for Psylla control would also control blister mite.

Pear Psylla European Red Mite

Start checking in early April when day time temperatures are near 10ºC for the presence of adults and egg laying activity ► ► Superior Oil Purespray Green Spray Oil 70 sec 13 E 65 L 65 L

Apply late dormant season when first adults are observed on a sunny day. Good coverage is essential; use a minimum of 1000 L of water per hectare. 3000 L of water will provide the best results. Check 10 to 14 days following treatment for signs of new egg laying and the need to apply a second treatment. Pear leaf blister mite would also be controlled.

SCALE SEPARATION

Pear Scab

► Equal/Syllit 65 WP 3.25 kg Compatible with oil. Restrict use to avoid scab resistance, alternate with other fungicides.

► Scala SC 0.75-1.0 L Apply on a 7-12 day interval. Use higher rate to achieve maximum kickback activity. Do not use

more than four times for scab control.

► Maestro

Supra Captan

80 DF 80 WDG

3.75 kg Do not mix with oil or strongly alkaline materials. Do not apply immediately before or closely following an oil spray. Do not use on d’Anjou pears.

► Senator + Captan 70 WP 80 WP 625 g 200 kg

Senator must be used as a mixture to avoid scab resistance; do not combine with alkaline pesticides. Do not use on d’Anjou pears.

BLOSSOM BUD EXPOSED to TIGHT CLUSTER

► Equal/Syllit 65 WP 3.25 kg Compatible with oil. Restrict use to avoid scab resistance, alternate with other fungicides.

► Flint 50 WG 140 g Do not apply more than 4 applications in total of Flint and Sovran.

► Sovran 50 WG 240 g Increase rate to 360 g/ha for high to extreme disease pressure.

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Blossom Bud Exposed-Bloom

27 BLOSSOM BUD EXPOSED to TIGHT CLUSTER

Pear Scab

► Scala SC 0.75-1.0 L Apply on a 7-12 day interval. Use higher rate to achieve maximum kickback activity. Do not use

more than four times for scab control. Do not use post bloom.

► Nova 40 W 360 g Do not make more than 6 applications per year. For resistance management Nova should be

tank mixed with a half rate of Captan or Maestro

► Inspire EC 292 g Can be used until primary scab season is complete. For resistance management Inspire should

be tank mixed with a half rate of Captan or Maestro

► Fontelis SU 1 -1.5 L Apply on a 7 to 10 day interval. Use higher rate and shorter interval when disease pressure is

high. Do not make more than 2 sequential applications before switching to a fungicide of a different grouping. Maximum yearly applications 4.5 L.

► Senator + Captan 70 WP 80 WP 625 g 200 kg

Senator must be used as a mixture to avoid scab resistance; do not combine with alkaline pesticides. Do not use on d’Anjou pears.

► Maestro

Supra Captan

80 DF 80 WDG

3.75 kg Do not mix with oil or strongly alkaline materials. Do not apply immediately before or closely following an oil spray. Do not use on d’Anjou pears.

FULL WHITE

Pear Scab Use a fungicide listed for scab under Blossom Bud Exposed to Tight Cluster.

Winter Moth and Fruit Worm

► Altacor 35 WG 145-285 g Use the higher rate under heavy pest pressure. Do not make more than 3 applications per

season. Allow for at least 10 days between applications.

► Imidan 50 WP 3.75 kg Alternative materials to the organophosphates are the synthetic pyrethroids and Dipel.

► Dipel Bioprotec 2X DF CAF 1.1-1.7 kg 2.8-4.0 L

Best results are obtained when applied in the evening. Two applications 5-7 days apart may be required to obtain control.

Pear Rust Mite Control to avoid russet fruit at harvest.

► Envidor 240 SC 0.75 L Only one application per growing season

BLOOM

Fire Blight ► Streptomycin 17 600g/1,000 L Apply prior to a wetting period when there is a high risk of infection. Most effective when applied as a dilute spray and not in a tank mix. Re-application is needed in two to three days if warm wet conditions (20ºC) prevail. Do not apply more than three times per season.

► BlightBan C9-1 375-500 g Use high rate under conditions of high disease pressure. Apply at 15-20% bloom followed by a

second application at full bloom. Copper-based products are incompatible with BlightBan. ► Bloomtime Biological 375-500 g Use high rate under conditions of high disease pressure. Apply at 15-20% bloom followed by a

second application at full bloom. Copper-based products are incompatible with Bloomtime.

► Blossom Protect WG 1 package Rate is based upon 2 m canopy height. Apply up to 5 times based upon Maryblyt™ risk of

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Calyx

28

Insects DO NOT USE INSECTICIDES DURING BLOOM.

Pollination Pear bloom is not highly attractive to bees therefore the number of hives per hectare should be high (3-4 per hectare) and should be placed in the orchard at 25% bloom.

CALYX

Winter Moth and Fruit Worm

► Altacor 35 WG 145-285 g Use the higher rate under heavy pest pressure. Do not make more than 3 applications per

season. Allow for at least 10 days between applications.

► Imidan 50 WP 3.75 kg Alternative materials to the organophosphates are the synthetic pyrethroids and Dipel.

► Dipel Bioprotec 2X DF CAF 1.1-1.7 kg 2.8-4.0 L

Best results are obtained when applied in the evening. Two applications 5-7 days apart may be required to obtain control.

Pear Psylla ► Agri-Mek + Superior Oil 1.9 EC 70 sec 750-1500 mL 10 L

May cause injury to d’Anjou and other sensitive varieties. Do not use within 14 days of a Captan or Maestro application. Do not exceed 2 applications or 1.5 L per ha per season. Apply with a minimum of 1000 L of water per hectare. Will also control mites.

► Movento 240 SC 365-435 mL Do not use more than 1.8L/ha per season. Must be tank mixed with an adjuvant. Do not apply

once fruit has formed to avoid fruit damage.

► Calypso 480 SC 290-440 mL Apply when population is at early instar stage. Use higher rate when pest pressure is high.

► Nexter WP 600-720 g Restrict applications to no more than 2 per year for resistance management. Will also control

mites.

► Assail 70 WP 67-240 g Use the high rate under heavy pressure. Do not apply more than 4 times a year or exceed a

total of 960 g of product per season.

► Actara 25 WG 315-385 g Apply immediately after petal fall. Toxic to bees. Will also control plum curculio at this time. Do

not apply more than 2 times in a growing season.

► Clutch 50 WDG 280-420 g Do not do not exceed 420 g/ha/season. Will also control green aphid. Toxic to bees and should

not be applied to flowering crops or weeds if bees are visiting the treatment area.

► Matador 120 EC 83 mL

Pyrethroids are disruptive to IPM programs leading to mite flare ups and therefore should be used cautiously. Failure to control psylla with a pyrethroid may be related to resistance and if suspected select one of the newer insecticides registered for psylla.

► Pounce 384 EC 520 mL

Orchard Management Schedule