1
Resource
Information
Derfflinger
17
th
. Century Dutch Fluyt
Scale 1:80
Version 5
This resource information was based on the original text supplied by Euromodel and then expanded in detail as the actual ship was constructed by the author, Peter Coward. Neither the author or Euromodel have any commercial interest in this information and it is published on the Euromodel web site in good faith for other
persons who may wish to build this ship. Euromodel does not accept any responsibility for the contents that follow.
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[To navigate through the contents – use ‘control + click’]
Contents
Euromodel Preview ... 6
Chapter 1: INTRODUCTION ... 8
Historical Notes ... 8
Construction Philosophy ... 9
Kit Building versus ‘Scratch’ Building ... 9
How
Did
I Build This Ship? ... 10
Chapter 2: TRANSLATION (from Italian to English)... 11
Chapter 3: THE KIT ... 16
Drawings ... 16
Metal Decorations ... 16
Scrap Timber ... 16
Component List ... 17
Laser-cut pieces ... 17
Lime wood – Listelli tiglio ... 17
Walnut wood – Listello noce ... 17
Accessories ... 18
Masts & Spars ... 18
Kit Supply ... 18
Dimension Interpretation ... 19
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Illustrations
[The figures below are not hyperlinked]Figure 1: Section From Plan Sheet 2 ... 9
Figure 2: Typical Gun Port Detail of any Euromodel ship ... 9
Figure 4: Re-organisation of Plan Sheets (from another kit) ... 16
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Euromodel Preview
Euromodel kits are based on sets of drawings by a naval architect and contain a comprehensive amount of detail that are a challenge to the serious ship modeller.
This is in contrast to most other kits that whilst they also contain excellent plans, the intention there is to achieve a build matching the plans provided.
Euromodel offers plans with an incredible amount of detail not seen in other commercial kits. This respected company has provided sufficient material in the kit to build a basic form of the ship but a full interpretation of the plans can easily lead to a full scratch build.
The builder is well advised to focus on three drawings –
Plan Sheets 1, 3 and especially
5.
It was these that I used for my base references. If there
was any doubt about other drawings, it was these three
that I kept referring to.
Plane Sheet 5 contains the detailed scratch-build
drawings upon which this kit is based.
It could well be argued that the build outcome is somewhere on the continuum between a standard model construction and a scratch model. How far you wish to extend this continuum is up to you and your build of this ship will be determined by the degree of complexity you choose.
The kit material will go a long way towards achieving a good model but be aware that the purchase of some extra material might be necessary depending on how far you wish to go in emulating the plans. There will be little left over from the kit contents, but during the construction you should experience a compelling drive to create something better than the basic model. Thus the Euromodel plans – unlike plans from other commercial kit companies - cannot be taken as a set of prescriptive drawings that the modeler must emulate.
Euromodel provides just the basic material needs and leaves it up to the modeler to determine how far he/she will extend his/her skills. In this build, I certainly added extra material and did alter some
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In summary, then, the build is a very fluid process
allowing for a wide variation in the final outcome.
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Chapter 1: INTRODUCTION
Historical Notes
The Dutch fluyt (pronounced ‘flight’) is different to ships used in Europe in the seventeenth century with a lowered quarter deck and a pronounced round or ‘pear-shaped’ hull. Their dimensions were long and hulls of a very narrow cross-section compared to other square-sailed vessels. The design minimized its armaments to maximize available cargo space. It had a shallow draft which allowed the vessel to bring cargo in and out of ports and into rivers that other vessels couldn't reach. The fluyt was first produced in 1595 with square sails on its foremast and main mast and a lateen spanker on the mizzen mast. These vessels were requiring only a small crew to operate them and had the advantage of being cheap to build. Pieter J. Lioorne-Hoorn (Holland) is credited with their design with the first fluyt built in Lubecca, Germany in 1618. The last one was built around 1780. The ‘Friede’ fluyt, as an example, was built in Berlin in the dockyards of Berlin in 1682 – its length was 32 metres.
‘Derfflinger’ had two decks. Towards the bow was located the galley and areas for the storage of munitions, food and water. Below these areas was the stone ballast. Towards the stern, there were medium-size cannons and the compass. The forecastle generally contained four cannons, as did the stern area and quarter deck.
The stern decoration showed a warrant officer wearing a black breast plate armour, a navy uniform lined with red and leather trousers. He wore a red scarf and his black hat contained red and white feathers. The background was blue and the whole picture was surrounded by deep red cloth and fringed with gold.
Prior to 1684, ‘Derfflinger’ was named ‘Wolkensaule’. It was purchased in Danzica in January 1681 by Benjamin Raule and was used during the war against Spain (May 1681) declared by Prince William Frederick. It was 110 feet long and 23 feet wide; it was armed with 3 – 16 cannons and crewed by about twenty men. From 1686 – 1693 the fluyt sailed the Western Africa and India routes. The ‘Friedrich Wilmeln Zu Pferde’ had been its escort as well as the ‘Hoffnung’ during the trips up the Western Africa coast and up to the Shetland Islands.
EUROMODEL
Euromodel Division of the GBM Snc di Mazza Massimo & C. Via Aldo Galli, 11
22100 COMO (CO) ITALY
e-mail : [email protected] home page http://www.euromodel-ship.com
9 Figure 1: Section From Plan Sheet 2
Construction Philosophy
Euromodel have tried to simulate all the designs of the Derfflinger in every possible way, with attention to detail in order to appeal to the advanced model builder to construct this model. The designs allow you construction of the vessel using both pre-cut materials ready to use, and materials that require preparation.
Kit Building versus ‘Scratch’ Building
There may well be some confusion in looking at the plans since there is considerable detail intended for the ‘scratch’ builder but which is not provided for in the kit. Fig. 1 shows the detail that could be included below decks if engaging in a full scratch build. This kit has a comprehensive array of items to utilise in building this ship. In many cases, these items may not display exactly the same dimensions as the plan sheets but nevertheless will enable the construction of a fine ship. The kit builder will use what is provided but the ‘scratch’ builder will utilise the plans more fully and decide to spend far more time building particular items as well as purchasing further items to enhance the ship build. Fig. 2 illustrates this point further ... a model showing the gunport lids only partially open does not show the rope and eye pin on the inside surface used as part of the mechanism for controlling the opening/ closing of the lid as shown in Plan Sheet 1.
Plan Sheets 1 & 2 contains a considerable amount of scratch information. This is a sheet that is useful in interpreting the hull structure but does contain much that is outside the scope of this kit.
i.e. no eye pins supplied in kit for gun port lids but could be added as part of scratch build
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How Did I Build This Ship?
I felt compelled to build this ship from the kit provided but at the same time felt myself drawn to the highly detailed plans which portray far more than the kit provides for. What to do ?
I decided to create a text and photographic portrayal of how the ship could be built from the kit and located in a document on the Euromodel website named ‘Derfflinger Notes’. However, at many points I realised that there were alternative and more detailed construction processes that could be carried out. This usually meant the supply of extra material but having gone to the expense of purchasing the kit, the cost of the extra items was incidental. For these alternative processes, you will observe the heading ‘Alternative 1’ which uses a very straightforward and basic approach usually with the supplied material as it is whereas the heading ‘Alternative 2’ often shows the
method that I used which probably involved modifying the supplied pieces and/or using extra material A good example is shown by the capstans on Plan Sheet 2. Neither are supplied in the kit since they are hidden
below the decks.
In any case it’s essential to exercise patience and attention to detail while constructing this model. Without question this ship must be built with passion. The plans are there, an outline of the fundamental steps is there but in the end the modeller must display a high degree of flair. The plans must be studied at length before beginning because it is there that the builders will develop a ‘set of instructions’ for themselves. The kit will not necessarily provide all that is required if the modeller aims to include some of the finer detail.
The kit WILL enable an excellent model to be built from the materials supplied. The plans must be studied at length before beginning because it is there that the builders will develop a ‘set of instructions’ for themselves. A complimentary criticism of Euromodel’s kits is that the photos displayed on the internet ‘do not portray the kit contents provided but in fact are scratch models’. The simple fact is that there are so many variations and additions to the original design possible that (at the risk of repetition) no two ships are going to look the same. The more you examine the plans, the more you are likely to lean towards the ‘scratch’ style of construction.
Euromodel appreciates your choosing this product and wishes you a challenging experience. There is no question that the detail provided here on the plans and the material contained in the kit sets Euromodel kits apart from other kits available on the market.
Construction Manual
The following documentation will hopefully offer to other future builders an easier sequential pathway of construction. There is no doubt that others will see ‘flaws’ or better ways of carrying out some step. In the end, there can be no one way of doing anything so please read what I have written and then make your own judgement about the best method for you and your build. This manual simply describes how I constructed this ship.
Whilst I was working under a limited build-time to create this hull, some might well criticise the quality of my construction at some points and you might also be aware that photographing a small area on the hull and enlarging it produces a very different image to the one seen simply through the eye. So whatever you see, make yours better!
This manual is a real ‘ship building in progress’ and unlike other similar texts, the photographs show the raw work as it is being done – no ‘pristine publication-type photos.
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Chapter 2: TRANSLATION
(from Italian to English)
Whilst every care has been taken with this translation, the author claims little depth of knowledge of
Italian and thus various grammar and syntax errors will be apparent to those who are bilingual in these
two languages.
An on-line dictionary is to be found on the Euromodel website – ‘Nautical Terms’ and this will
provide assistance for a large range of terms NOT included in the following pages of translation
from Italian to English.
As you read this manual on construction page by page, all of the plan sheet text in Italian
will be explained and translated in English so rather than trying to interpret individual words
or sentences on the sheets, just refer to the sequential text. I am hopeful that it will all
become quite clear to you.
(Terms shown on the Plan Sheets but not included in the lists below - refer to Euromodel website,
‘Nautical Terms’)
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Tavola 1
Plan Sheet 1
Le decorazioni di prua sono dipinte in oro su fondo noto
Bow decorations are painted in gold, bottom surface underneath painted black
Tavola 2
Plan Sheet 2
Elementi Costruttivi
Constructive Elements
Da tagliare ad opera del modellista To be cut open by the builder Supporto specchio di poppa no 2 pezzi Transom bracket no; two pieces
No 1 pezzi compensato 2 mm. One piece plywood, 2 mm.
Ponto di batteria no 2 pezzi Gun Battery Deck, two pieces
Paratia di prora Bow bulkhead
Paratia del castello di prua Forecastle bulkhead
Paratia del controcassero Upper Quarter Deck bulkhead
Paratia del cassero Quarter Deck bulkhead
Specchio di poppa Transom
Sagoma blocchetto di riempimento a prua Templates for bow filler blocks
1 pezzi no 1e2 sono realizzati in noce da 5mm Pieces 1 and 2 made from 5 mm. walnut 1 pezzi dal no 3 al 14 sono realizzati in compensato
da 5 mm
Pieces from 3 to 14 made from 5 mm plywood 1 pezzi dal no 15 al 19 sono realizzati in compensato
da 2 mm
Pieces from 15 to 19 made from 2 mm plywood 1 ponti sono da eseguire con listelli da mm 2 x 4 Main Deck is built from 2 x 4 mm. walnut Le porte ed i portoncini se eseguono a parte con Doors and main doors built with 2 x 1 mm
Tavola 09
Plan Sheet 09
Assemblaggio
Assembly
incintoni wales
Listelli noce 2 x 4 mm. Planks from 2 x 4 mm. walnut
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Tavola 4
Plan Sheet 4
PARTICOLARI
DETAILS
20. Bittone di drizza no. 2 pezzi
20. Foremast bitt (two pieces)
21. Bitta di drizza di mezzana no. 1 pezzi
21. Mizzen bitt (only one piece)
22. Pazienza
22. Main Mast bollard
23. Grue di capone no. 2 pezzi
23. Cathead
24. Scaletta no. 1 pezzo
24. Ladder (1 piece)
25. Carabottino del cassero
25. Quarter Deck grating
26. Carabottino del castello di prua
26. Forecastle Deck grating
27. Carabottino del ponte di coperta
27. Main Deck grating
Cannone di batteria no. 12 pezzi
Gun Battery Deck cannon (12 pieces)
Cannone del cassero no. 4 pezzi
Main Deck cannon (4 pieces)
28. Cavigliera del ponte di coperta no. 2 pezzi
28. Belaying pin rack, Main Deck (two pieces)
29. Cavigliera del ponte di coperta no. 2 pezzi
29. Belaying pin rack, Quarter Deck (two pieces)
30. Parasartie di trinchetto no. 2 pezzi
30. Foremast channel
31. Parasartie di maestra no. 2 pezzi
31. Main Mast channel
32. Mensola del parapetto del cassero
32. Quarter Deck breast rail support
33. Piede asta di bandiera
33. Base support for flag pole
34. Passacari dell’albero di bompresso
34. Bowsprit fairlead
35. Albero di bompresso
35. Bowsprit mast
36. Pennone di civada
36. Spritsail yard
37. Pennone di parroschetto del bompresso
37. Flying jib boom
38.Alberetto di parrocchetto
38. Sprit topmast
Tratto a sezione quadro/ octagonale
Square cross-section or octagonal cross section
39. Albero di trinchetto
39. Fore lower mast
40. Albero di parrocchetto
40. Fore topmast
41. Freccia di trinchetto
41. Fore topgallant mast
42. Pennone di trinchetto
42. Fore main yard
43. Pennone di parrocchetto
43. Fore royal yard
44. Albero di maestra
44. Lower main mast
45. Albero di gabbia
45. Main topmast
46. Freccia di maestra
46. Main topgallant
47. Pennone di maestra
47. Main lower yard
48. Pennone di gabbia
48. Main lower topsail yard
49. Albero di mexxana
49. Mizzen lower mast
50. Freccia di mezzana
50. Mizzen topmast
51. Antenna di mezzana
51. Lateen yard
52. Asta di bandiera
52. Flag pole
53 – 55 Teste di moro
53 – 55 Mast caps
56. Portello dei cannoni no. 14 pezzi da
realizzarsi con listello 10 x 2
56. Gun port hatches (14 pieces). To be made from 2
x 10 mm. strips.
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Tavola 6
Plan Sheet 6
MANOVRE FISSE
FIXED RIGGING
bozzello block
bigotta dead eye
Particolare degli aridatoi delle sartie di mezzana Detail for the mizzen shroud
Strallo di mezzana Mizzen mast stay
Strallo di gabbia Main topmast stay
Strallo di maestra Lower Main mast stay
Strallo di pappafico Fore topgallant stay
Strallo di parrocchetto Fore topmast stay
Strallo di trinchetto Lower Foremast stay
Patterazzi dell’alberetto di parrocchettoi Fore top mast backstay
58. Coffa di maestra e trinchetto no. 2 pezzi 58. Mast top for the main mast & foremast (2 pieces) 59. Crocetta di gabbia e parrocchetto no. 2 pezzi 59. Cross trees for main & fore lower top masts
60. Coffa di civada 60. Mast top for bowsprit
61. Crocetta di mezzana 61. Cross tree foir mizzen mast
Particolare a (and b) Detail a (and b) shown in circles labeled ‘a’ or ‘b’ Landre di maestra e trinchetto (fuori scala) Dead eye straps for main and foremast (not to scale) Come fissare lo strallo di pappaffico di trinchetto alla
coffa di civada
Attaching the fore topgallant stay to mast top Incapellaggio delle sartie ed esecuzione dell strallo per
l’albero maestra e di trinchetto
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Tavola 7
Plan Sheet 7
MANOVRE DEI PENNONI
SPAR RIGGING
Manovre volanti dell’albero di bompresso c civada relativi pennoni
Running rigging for the bowsprit and spritsail yard Particolare della drizza dei pennoni di maestra e
trinchetto
Detail for the foremast and mainmast yard running rigging
trozza truss
Manovre volanti del pennone di gabbia Running rigging for topgallant (topsail) yard Manovre volanti dell’antenna di mezzana Running rigging for mizzen mast lateen Manovre volanti del pennone di maestra Running rigging for lower main mast yard Manovre volanti del pennone di trinchetto Running rigging for lower foremast yard
Tavola 8
Plan Sheet 8
MANOVRE DELLE VELE
SAIL RIGGING
Colorazione bandiere e stendardi aquila rossa su fondo bianco
Red eagle on a white background for flag colour
Vela di gabbia Main topmast sail
Vela di maestra Main lower mast sail
Vela di mezzana Mizzen lower mast sail
Vela di civada Spritsail
Vela di bompresso Flying jibboom sail
Inferitura della vela al pennone Luff (leading upper edge of sail) on a yard
Vela di parrochetto Fore topmast sail
16 Figure 3: Re-organisation of Plan Sheets (from another kit)
Chapter 3: THE KIT
Drawings
The diagrams are beautifully drawn and would allow a scratch-built kit to be
readily developed. The difficulty is to separate the essential detail necessary to
build the kit from the other more seriously accurate detail.
At this stage it is a good idea to spend quite some time ‘pouring’ over the plan
sheets provided to gain some insight into what is ahead of you.
A
point I found useful was for many –
but not all – plan sheets to be carefully
cut into small sections and placed into
plastic sleeves in a folder. This way I
could arrange the drawings in semblance
of order of construction. Another very
useful step was to print off the
Italian-English translations, cut out the Italian-English
translations and stick them over the
appropriate Italian words (see below)
Metal Decorations
Much patience is required to identify these pieces and I would caution against direct contact with the skin – use gloves when cleaning & painting the pieces. Certainly any filing should be carried out in a separate area that can be easily cleaned up.
Scrap Timber
There is no such thing as ‘throw-away’ timber. Over time, I use every piece of ‘scrap’ timber - and more !
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Component List
Laser-cut pieces
Keel, 5 mm. walnut (1) -
ChigliaRudder, 5 mm. walnut (1) - Timone
Bulkhead Frames, 5 mm. plywood (10) - Ordinate
Stern Support Pieces, 5 mm. plywood (2) – Supporti specchio
Plywood - Upper Quarter Deck (1) – bis 15
-
Gun Battery Deck (2) - 15
-
Deck Bulkheads – Paratia del ...Lime wood
– Listelli tiglio
10 x 20 x 80 mm. (1) Filler Blocks for Bow - Blocchetto di riempimento va fatto di prua 1.5 x 5 x 400 mm. (50) First Planking – 1o Fasciame
Walnut wood
– Listello noce
1 x 4 x 400 mm. (50) Second Planking - 2o Fasciame
2 x 4 x 350 mm. (28) Deck Planking - Rivestimento ponti
1 x 3 x 350 mm. (8) Bulwark Capping Rail; Bulkhead Surfaces - Capodibanda
6 x 6 x 100 mm. (1) Display Stand Support Railings - Traversa invasatura
2 x 10 x 150 mm. (1) Gun Port Hatch - Portelli cannoni 2 x 10 x 280 mm. (1) Channels - Parasartie
2 x 3 x 350 mm. (3) Top Ribs – of Mast Top; Cross Trees 2 x 4 x 400 mm. (4) 1st & 2nd Wales – Incintoni
3 x 3 x 400 mm. (3) Bulwark Stanchions - Scalmotti
2 x 5 x 200 mm. (1) Pin & Fife Rails – Pazienza e cavigliera
1 x 2 x 400 mm. (3) Grating edging – Contorno carabottini
7 x 7 x 200 mm. (1) Catheads - Gru di capone; Bollards for Main, Foremasts - Bittone di drizza
5 x 5 x 200 mm. (1) Fife Rail Posts (20-22)-; Bitta di drizza di mezzana; Pazienza Main Deck, forward
Prow Deck
Main Deck, Quarter Deck
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Accessories
Anchors (2) - Ancore da 40 mm. (Art. 11/009)
Clamp - Ceppi per ancore; Ring – Anelli per ancore Belaying Pins: 8 mm. (76) - Caviglia da mm. 8 (Art.22/144) Blocks
3mm., 1 hole(96) - Bozzelli da mm. 3 a 1 foro (Art.22/026)
3mm., 2 hole(10)
-
Bozzelli da mm. 3 a 2 foro(Art.22/031)5mm., 1 hole (52) -
Bozzelli da mm. 5 a 1 foro(Art.22/028) 5mm., 2 hole (5) -Bozzelli da mm. 5 a 2 fori (Art.22/032) 7mm., 1 hole (14) - Bozzelli da mm. 7 a1 fori (Art.22/030) 7mm., 3 hole (4) - Bozzelli da mm. 7 a 3 fori (Art.22/039)Violin, 7 mm., 1-hole (13) - Bozzelli a violino da mm. 7 a 1 fori (Art.22/083) Violin, 11 mm., 3-hole (2) - Bozzelli a violino da mm. 11 a 3 fori (Art.22/082) Heart, 10 mm. (2) - Bozzelli a cuore da mm. 10 (Art.22/085)
Cleats (‘Staghorns’) (2) - Tacchetti (Art. 11/270) Chain Plates (22) - Lande5 mm. (Art. 11/313)
Cloth Sail (1) – Tela per vele 450 x 450 mm. (Art. 15/006) Deadeyes- Bigotte
5 mm. (44) (Art. 22/020)
3 mm. (46) (Art. 22/018)
Dinghy (1) – Scialuppa da 70 mm. (Art. 88/011) Flag set(1) – Serie Bandiere (Art. 13/032)
Grating Strips (50) – Elementi per paiolato (Art. 22/069) Guns – Cannoni de batteria, cassero & coperta
30 mm. (Art. 11/015) (12) / 22 mm. (Art 11/362) (4) Wheels: 4 mm. (Art. 22/148) (40) / 5 mm. (Art. 22/149) (24)
19 mm. carriages - 24 x 5 mm wheels + 24 x 4 mm. wheels 16 mm. carriages - 16 x 4 mm. wheels (same on both axles)
Carriages: 19 mm. (Art 22/001) (12) / 16 mm. (Art 22/154) (4) Axles: dowels 2 x 160 mm. (3)
Brass dowels 1.5 x 160 mm. (1)
Hinges, gun port (40) – Cerniere timone complete (Art. 11/289) Ladder (1) - Scala (Art. 22/069)
Metal decorations, 25 pieces – Serie decorazioni fuse (Art. 11/280) Rigging yarn – Rafforzino di lino ritorto
0.25 mm. (Art. 77/025)/ 0.50 mm. (Art. 77/050)/ 0.80 mm. (Art. 77/080) / 1.50 mm. (Art. 77/150) Mast Caps – Teste di moro da12 mm. (Art. 22/043) (5); 16 mm. (Art. 22/044) (2)
Rudder Hinges (5) – Cerniere timone complete (Art. 11/293) Plan Set (9) – Serie disegno in scala (Art. 66/007)
Instructions for assembling - Istruzioni
(Euromodel website/ ‘Customer Assistance’ has more complete instructions)
Colour brochure - Fotocolor
Masts & Spars
Kit Supply
10 x 200 mm. (1) ; 8 x 380 mm. (1); 6 x 340 mm. (2); 5 x 380 mm. (1); 5 x 320 mm. (1); 5 x 170 mm. (1); 4 x 310 mm. (1); 3 x 380mm. (1)
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Dimension Interpretation
The following dimensions were compared between Plan Sheet 1
and Plan Sheet 4 with some varying results! These are my
interpretations.
A: MAIN MAST
44.
Main Lower Mast
- Albero di maestra
(10 mm.) 200 mm.162 mm round / 7.5 … 6.0 mm. 38 mm. square / 6.0 mm.
45
. Main Topmast
– Albero di gabbia
(6 mm.) 167 mm.13 mm. octagonal / 6 mm. 154 mm. round / 4.5 … 3 mm.
46
. Main Topgallant
– Freccia di maestra (3 mm.) 65 mm.7 mm. octagonal / 3 mm. 58 mm. round / 1.6 … 1.3 mm.
47.
Main Lower Yard
– Pennone di maestra (5 mm.)
187 mm.
173 mm. round / 5 … 3.5
2 x 7 mm. round / 2.0 mm.
48.
Main Lower Topsail Yard
– Pennone di gabbia (4 mm.)
107 mm.
97 mm. round / 4 … 3 mm.
2 x 5 mm. round / 2.0 mm.
B: FOREMAST
39.
Fore Lower Mast
–
Albero di trinchetto (8 mm.)183 mm.
162 mm round / 7.0 … 5.5 mm. 36 mm. square / 5.5 mm.
40.
Fore Topmast
- Albero di parrocchetto
(6 mm.) 157 mm.11 mm. octagonal / 5.5 mm. 146 mm. round / 4.0 … 3 mm.
41.
Fore Topgallant Mast
- Freccia di trinchetto
(3 mm.)60 mm.
7 mm. octagonal / 3 mm. 53 mm. round / 1.6 … 1.3 mm.
42.
Fore Main Yard
- Pennone di trinchetto
(5 mm.)168 mm.
156 mm. round / 4.5 … 3.5
2 x 6 mm. round / 2.0 mm.
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43
. Fore Royal Yard
– Pennone di parrocchetto
(4 mm.)100 mm.
90 mm. round / 4 … 3 mm.
2 x 5 mm. round / 2.0 mm.
C: MIZZEN MAST
49
. Mizzen Lower Mast
– Albero di mezzano
(5 mm.)166 mm
.(inc. 6 mm. extra to seat into keel) 166 mm round / 5.0 … 4.0 mm.50.
Mizzen Topmast
– Freccia di mezzana
(3 mm.) 58 mm.8 mm. octagonal / 2 mm. 154 mm. round / 1.3 … 1.0 mm.
51
. Lateen Yard
– Antenna di mezzana
(5 mm.) 185 mm.175 mm. round / 4.5 … 3.5 mm. 2 x 5 mm. round / 2.0 mm
.
D: BOWSPRIT
35.
Bowsprit Mast
– Albero di bompresso
(8 mm.) 185 mm.185 mm. round / 7.0 … 4.0 mm.
36.
Spritsail Yard
– Pennone di civada
(5 mm.) 135 mm.127 mm. round / 4.0 … 3.0 mm. 2 x 4 mm. round / 1.5 mm
.
37.
Flying Jib Boom
- Pennone di parrocchetto
(4 mm.) 75 mm.67 mm. round / 3.0 … 2.5 mm. 2 x 4 mm. round / 1.0 mm
.
38.
Sprit Topmast
– Alberetto di parrocchetto
(3 mm.) 95 mm.9.5 mm. octagonal / 2.5 mm. 85.5 mm. round / 2.0 … 1.0 mm.
21
Length Overview
YARDS,
etc