Securing wireless sensor networks

Securing wireless sensor networks

Agenda

n  What are wireless sensor networks (WSNs)?

n  Security Goals

n  Toward Security

n  Products

n  Conclusions

n  Future Research and Development

An generic sensor network

Sensor networks

n  Wireless sensor network – massive collection of

tiny sensors linked by a wireless medium

n  Main goal: global info from local data

n  Must integrate sensing, data fusion and

low-power communication

n  Must work unattended

n  Amorphous à self-organized

n  Massive fault tolerance

The virtual infrastructure

§  Dynamic coordinate system

§  Cluster structure

§  Work model

§ Task-based management

Ubiquitous WSNs/ Temporary Infrastructures

Agile multi-service sensor network system self-organized to serve a rescue

Command Node Command Node Command Node Remote security monitoring station Sensor nodes

Sensors

n  micro-sensor technology

n  low power signal processing

n  low power computation

n  low power networking capabilities

n  Non-renewable energy budget

n  Anonymity: no fabrication-time identity

n  Sleep as much as possible - conserve energy

n  Sense and compute freely – limit

Security goals addressed

§  Availability: ensure the survivability of network

services despite denial-of-service (DoS) attacks

§  Confidentiality: ensure that information is not

disclosed to unauthorized entities

n  Integrity: guarantee that a message being

transferred is not corrupted

n  Authentication: enable a node to ensure the

identity of the peer node

n  Anonymity: hide the identity of sources,

destinations, and routes

n  Tamper Proofing: Ensure that nodes cannot be

NSA—Tamper proofing, authentication

n  After deployment each sensor transmits on a

specified sets of frequencies

n  Each sensor collects an array of signal strengths

from the sensors in its locale

n  NSA – the Neighborhood Signature Array

n  Removal from deployment area àchanges in the

Security techniques in a nutshell

§  Initialize sensors with secrets and synchronize clocks

§  Deploy sensors over the desired area

§  FH communications only

§  NSA

§  Resynchronize clocks periodically

§  Train the sensors to provide temporary virtual infrastructure

§  Assign tasks to the trained network

§  Randomly vary sources, destinations and communication paths

§  Partition the network into color sets - concurrent tasking

n  Invited book chapters – 3

n  Journal Articles – 6

n  International Conference Proceedings – 7

n  Presentations - 9

n  NSF Proposals - 4

n  Two PhD dissertations nearing completion

n  Third dissertation in preliminary stages

n  NASA proposals – 3, One funded - 1

n  Collaborations with JMU and VA Tech

Conclusions

Contributions: Virtual infrastructure leveraged for security

n  Physical level encoding via FH, very light weight and highly

effective – DoS, Confidentiality, Integrity

n  NSA – Authentication, Tamper Proofing Software

n  Random routing - Anonymity

Current Situation:

§  Wireless sensor network research is still in its infancy

n  Partner with industry to market results.

n  Extend and improve results with an emphasis on

implementation and marketing.

n  Further progress on the open research questions

required by WSNs.

n  Continue collaborations

Invited Chapters

1.  D. Gracanin, M. Eltoweissy, S. Olariu, and A. Wadaa,

Dependability Support in Wireless Sensor Networks, in H.

Diab and A.Y. Zomaya, Eds, Dependable Systems, John Wiley

and Sons, 2004.

2.  S. Olariu, K. Maly, E.C. Foudriat, S. M. Yamany and T.

Luckenbach, A Dependable Architecture for Telemedicine in Support of Disaster Relief, in H. Diab and A.Y. Zomaya, Eds, Dependable Systems, John Wiley and Sons, 2004.

3.  K. H. Jones, K. N. Lodding, S. Olariu, A. Wadaa, L. Wilson

and M. Eltoweissy, Biomimetic Models for Wireless Sensor

Networks, in S. Olariu and A. Y. Zomaya, Eds, Bio-Inspired

Paradigms in Computer Science, CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida, August 2004.

Archival Journals

1.  L. Wang and S. Olariu, A unifying look at clustering in mobile ad-hoc networks, Journal of Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing, to appear, 2004.

2.  S. Olariu, A. Wadaa, L. Wilson, and M. Eltoweissy, Wireless sensor networks - Leveraging the Virtual Infrastructure, IEEE Network, August 2004, to

appear.

3.  A. Wadaa, S. Olariu, L. Wilson, M. Eltoweissy, and K. Jones, Training a

Sensor Network, Mobile Networks and Applications (MONET), June 2004, to appear.

4.  A. Wadaa, K. Jones, S. Olariu, and M. Eltoweissy; and L. Wilson , A Scalable Solution for Securing Wireless Sensor Networks, IEEE Transactions on

Parallel and Distributed Systems, submitted.

5.  A. Wadaa, S. Olariu, and L. Wilson, and M. Eltoweissy , Scalable

Cryptographic Key Management in Wireless Sensor Networks, Journal of Ad Hoc Networks: Special issue on Data Communications and Topology Control in Ad Hoc Networks, Elsevier Publishers, accepted for publication.

6.  S. Olariu, A. Wadaa, M. Eltoweissy, D. Gracanin, and L. Wilson, Anonymity in Sensor Networks: Time-Frequency Randomization of Virtual Communication Graphs, International Journal of Wireless and Mobile Communications,

Special Issue on Wireless Ad Hoc Networking, Interscience Publishers, to

International Conference Proceedings

7.  D. Gracanin, M. Eltoweissy, S. Olariu, A. Wadaa, On Modeling Wireless Sensor

Networks, Proc. International Workshop on Wireless, Mobile and Ad Hoc Networks

(WMAN)}, Santa Fe, NM, April 2004.

8.  A. Wadaa, S. Olariu, L. Wilson, M. Eltoweissy and K. Jones, On providing anonymity in

wireless sensor networks, International Conference on Parallel and Distributed Systems, (ICPADS-2004), Newport Beach, California, July 2004.

9.  A. Wadaa, S. Olariu, L. Wilson, and M. Eltoweissy gWiSe: A Group Key Management

Scheme for Wireless Sensor Networks, IEEE Mediterranean Electro-technical Conference, Croatia , May 2004.

10.  S. Olariu, K. Maly, E. C. Foudriat and S. Yamany, Wireless support for telemedicine in

disaster management, International Conference on Parallel and Distributed Systems, (ICPADS-2004), Newport Beach, California, July 2004.

11.  K. Jones, A.Wadaa, S. Olariu, L. Wilson, and M. Eltoweissy, Towards a New Paradigm

for Securing Wireless Sensor Networks, NSPW 2003, August 18th _{- 21}st_{, 2003. Ascona,}

Switzerland, Proceedings New Security Paradigms Workshop 2003, pp 115-122.

12.  A. Wadaa, S. Olariu, L. Wilson, K. Jones and Q Xu, On Training a Sensor Network,

International Workshop on Wireless, Mobile and Ad Hoc Networks (WMAN), Nice, France, April 26, 2003.

13.  A. Wadaa, S. Olariu, L. Wilson, and M. Eltoweissy, Scalable key management for secure

communications in wireless sensor networks, Proc. International Workshop on Wireless Ad-hoc Networking, Tokyo, Japan, March 23-26, 2004.

1.  Security in wireless networks, Hampton University,

February 2003.

2.  State of the art in wireless sensor networks, Invited talk,

WMAN'2003, April2003, Nice, France.

3.  Securing wireless sensor networks, NRL, May 2003.

4.  Wireless sensor networks, University of Burgundy, Dijon,

France, June 2003.

5.  Energy-efficient protocols in wireless networks, Humboldt

University, Berlin, Germany, July 2003

6.  Securing wireless sensor networks -- new paradigms, Free

Universitaet, Berlin, Germany, July 2003.

7.  Securing wireless sensor networks -- a new paradigm,

University of Bologna, Italy, July 2003.

8.  Wireless sensor networks, Virginia Tech, October 2003

9.  Security issues in wireless sensor networks, Kent State

University, January 2004.