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DECONTAMINATION OF SYNTHETIC

EFFLUENT BY FLOTATION

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Joint Nuclear Research Centre

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Materials D e p a r t m e n t

Organic Chemistry Service

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Reprinted from

N A T U R E

V o l . 1 9 9 - N o . 4 8 9 4 - 1963

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This document was prepared under the sponsorship of the Commission of the Europi

Atomic Energy Community (EURATOM).; '

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Neither the EURATOM Commission, its contractors nor any person acting on their behalf:

Make any warranty or representation, express or implied, with respect to the accuracy,

completeness, or usefulness of the information contained in this document, or that the use

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process disclosed in this document may not

2o _ Assume any liability with respect to the use of, or for damages resulting from the use of

any information, apparatus, method or process disclosed in this document.

The authors' names are listed in alphabetical order.

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This reprint is intended for restricted distribution only. It reproduces,

by kind permission of the publisher, an article from

"NATURE",

Vol. 199, No. 4894 ­ 1963, 687­688. For further copies please apply to

Fisher, Knight & Co Ltd. ­ Gainsborough Press

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Ce tiré­à­part est exclusivement destiné à une diffusion

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éprend, avec l'aimable autorisation de l'éditeur, un article publié dans

«NATURE»,

Vol. 199,

iV°

4894 ­ 1963, 687­688. Tout autre exem­

plaire de cet article doit être demandé à Fisher, Knight & Co Ltd. ­

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im

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uesto estratto è destinato esclusivamente ad una diffusione

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Vol. 199, No. 4894 ­ 1963, 687­688. Meer exemplaren

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E U R 5 0 2 . e

R E P R I N T

DECONTAMINATION OF SYNTHETIC EFFLUENT BY FLOTATION by P. DEJONGHE (Belchim) and R. LOPES CARDOZO (Euratom).

European Atomic Energy Community - EURATOM Joint Nuclear Research Centre

Ispra Establishment - Italy Materials Department Organic Chemistry Service

Reprinted from " N A T U R E " Vol. 199 - No 4894 - 1963 - 687-688 pages.

Summary not available.

E U R 5 0 2 . e

R E P R I N T

DECONTAMINATION OF SYNTHETIC E F F L U E N T BY FLOTATION by P. DEJONGHE (Belchim) and R. LOPES CARDOZO (Euratom).

European Atomic Energy Community - EURATOM Joint Nuclear Research Centre

Ispra Establishment - Italy Materials Department Organic Chemistry Service

Reprinted from " N A T U R E " Vol. 199 - No 4894 - 1963 - 687-688 pages. Summary not available.

E U R 5 0 2 . e

R E P R I N T

DECONTAMINATION OF SYNTHETIC E F F L U E N T BY FLOTATION by P. DEJONGHE (Belchim) and R. LOPES CARDOZO (Euratom).

European Atomic Energy Community - EURATOM Joint Nuclear Research Centre

Ispra Establishment - Italy Materials Department Organic Chemistry Service

Reprinted from "NATURE" Vol. 199 - No 4894 - 1963 - 687-688 pages.

(Reprinted from Nature, Vol. 199, No. 4894. pp. 687-688.

August 17, 1963)

Decontamination of Synthetic Effluent by

Flotation

I N T E R E S T E D b y t h e c o m m u n i c a t i o n of Sebba1, somo

s c a n n i n g t e s t s were u n d e r t a k e n in o r d e r to a s c e r t a i n w h e t h e r t h e flotation of ions could b e u s e d for t h e decon-t a m i n a decon-t i o n of r a d i o a c decon-t i v e effluendecon-t. T h e resuldecon-ts o b decon-t a i n e d m a y bo considered as being i n d i c a t i v e a n d of limited v a l u e only, owing t o t h e fact t h a t no special efforts h a v e b e e n m a d e t o achieve o p t i m a l conditions, t o use foam s t a b i -lizers, etc.

T h e glass flotation cell used is i l l u s t r a t e d in F i g . 1. E n c o u r a g i n g r e s u l t s h a v e boen o b t a i n e d b y use of a foam c o l u m n of 60 c m a n d b y i n t r o d u c i n g t h e s u r f a c t a n t , t h a t is. s o d i u m l a u r y l s u l p h a t e , 25 c m u n d e r n e a t h t h e liquid inlet. T h e foam c o l u m n p r o v e d t o b e v e r y s t a b l e a t joH = 2 if distilled w a t e r w a s u s e d for offluent m a k o - u p . W h e n t a p w a t e r , c o n t a i n i n g a b o u t 40 p . p . m . Ca21·, w a s used,

loss-stable columns were o b t a i n e d . I n t h i s case, a foam stabilizer should b e used. E a c h r u n lasted a t least 2 h ; e q u i l i b r i u m w a s a t t a i n e d after 1 h .

Some r e s u l t s are given in T a b l e 1. I t a p p e a r s t h a t d e c o n t a m i n a t i o n b y s t r a i g h t ion flotation is h i g h for E u3 + a n d relatively low for Sr-+ a n d Cs+. I n order t o

i m p r o v e t h e Cs+ d e c o n t a m i n a t i o n , a copper ferrocyanida

N o . 1 2 3 4 5 0 7 8 ¡1 1 0 1 1 1 2 1 3

T r a c e r ' " C s

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D e c o n t a m i n a t i o n f a c t o r * F l o t a t i o n

1-4 + 0-2 1 1 ± 0 0 3 7 5 ± 1 2 5

no ± 30

2 5 + 0

F l o c c u l a t i o n

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1 5 0 + 5 0 4 5 + 2 0 3 2 ± 6 2 5 ± 0 - 5 J

2-4 t i l l ! — 1-7 ± 0 - 3 1-8 + 0 1 1-3 + 0-2 ! 1-1 + 0-1 3 3 0 + 1 5 0 ' — 4 0 0 + ilO t — 2 0 0 + 0 0 ! l-G + 0-2 7 5 0 + 2 5 0 1 1 + 0 - 0

Flotation runs, pll = 2; 25 p.p.m. sodium lauryl sulphate; distilled water, except No. 5, where tap water was used; liquid How-rate, 0-7 m/h; air flow-rate, 1 m/h, except No. 5, 1-55 m/h. Flocculation runs, in beakers under slow stirring during 0-5 h; distilled water; phase separation by cent rifu gation directly after stirring; JJH = 2.

All decontamination factors arc average values from two or more runs; during each run three or more samples were taken after 1 h of operation when equilibrium was attained.

FOAM OUT

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Fit'. 1. F l o t a t i o n cell ( x 0­1). Λ_{from air inlet} , Distance from liquid inlet ; lì, d i s t a n c e

floccLilo w a s formed i n t h e s o l u t i o n . I t a p p e a r e d t h a t t h o i o n f l o t a t i o n o f E us + i s n o t a f f e c t e d b u t t h a t t h e C s+

d e c o n t a m i n a t i o n i m p r o v e d m a r k e d l y . S r2+ d e c o n t a m ­

i n a t i o n r e m a i n s a l m o s t u n c h a n g e d , w h i c h b e c o m e s u n d e r ­ s t a n d a b l e a f t e r c o m p a r i n g t h o f l o t a t i o n r e s u l t s w i t h t h o r e f e r e n c e flocculation r u n s t h a t w e r e e x e c u t e d s i m u l ­ t a n e o u s l y u n d e r c o m p a r a b l e c o n d i t i o n s . I n e v e r y e a s e t h o e f f l u e n t f r o m t h e c o l l w a s c o m p l e t e l y c l e a r a n d c o n ­ t a i n e d n o floccules. O n t h o w h o l e , flotation g i v e s e q u a l o r b e t t e r r e s u l t s t h a n d o e s f l o c c u l a t i o n . I t i s n o t e d t h a t t h o flocculation, esjDOcially o f S r2 + a n d E u3+ f o r w h i c h

o t h e r c h e m i c a l t r e a t m e n t s g i v e b o t t e r r e s u l t s , w a s d o n e u n d e r r e l a t i v e l y u n f a v o u r a b l e c o n d i t i o n s , s i n c e a t p H = 2 o n l y c o p p e r f e r r o c y a n i d e c o u l d b e f o r m e d a s p r e c i p i t a t e , a n d t h i s i s a s p e c i f i c s c a v e n g e r f o r C s+ o n l y . I t i s . h o w e v e r ,

v e r y l i k e l y t h a t if f a v o u r a b l e c o n d i t i o n s c a n b o f o u n d , t h e s a m e c o n c l u s i o n w i l l b o a r r i v e d a t , a l t h o u g h t h e i n f l u e n c e o f o t h e r c o n t a m i n a n t s p r e s e n t i n w a s t e e f f l u e n t , s u c h a s o r g a n i c m a t e r i a l s , is u n k n o w n .

for m o r e t h a n 30 r u n s w a s 0 0 1 vol. per c e n t . T h i s is of g r e a t i m p o r t a n c e for t h e t r e a t m e n t of r a d i o a c t i v e effluent since t h o c o n c e n t r a t e d r a d i o a c t i v e vjhase, foam + flocculo. c a n possibly b e stored insolubilized or c o n t a i n e d w i t h o u t a n y further v o l u m e r e d u c t i o n .

R . Loi'ES C A R D O Z O

C.C.R. E u r a t o m , I s p r a . I t a l y .

P . D E J O X G H E

B e l c h i m . c/o C.E.N.. Mol. B e l g i u m ,

' Sebba, ¥.. Sature, 184, S u p p . 14, 1002 (1951)); Ion Flotation (Elsevier).

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