F OOD S AFETY T RAINING
FOR P ANTRIES
F OOD S AFETY T RAINING FOR P ANTRIES
A CCORDING TO THE C ENTER FOR D ISEASE C ONTROL , EACH YEAR 76
MILLION INDIVIDUALS GET SICK FROM FOODBOURNE ILLNESSES; 325,000
INDIVIDUALS ARE HOSPITALIZED; 5,000
INDIVIDUALS DIE.
W HY F OCUS ON F OOD S AFETY ?
E VEN THOUGH PANTRIES DO NOT PREPARE MEALS , CARE MUST ALWAYS BE TAKEN IN GIVING FOOD TO THE PUBLIC , ESPECIALLY TO POPULATIONS WITH A HEIGHTENED SUSCEPTIBILITY TO FOOD - BORNE ILLNESSES :
o I
NFANTS,
CHILDREN,
ELDERLY,
PREGNANT WOMENo I
NDIVIDUALS WHO ARE UNDERNOURISHED,
PHYSICALLY DISABLED,
OR HAVE WEAKENED IMMUNE SYSTEMS D ONATED PRODUCT IS DIFFERENT THAN RETAIL STORE PRODUCT :
o D
ONATED PRODUCT IS OFTEN HANDLED BY MORE PEOPLE IN ITS LIFETIME THAN PURCHASED PRODUCTo I
T IS HARDER TO ESTABLISH THAT EVERYONE HANDLING DONATED FOOD HAS HANDLED IT APPROPRIATELYo D
ONATED PRODUCT IS MOST LIKELY CLOSER TO CODE DATE THAN RETAIL STORE PRODUCT I N THE EVENT OF AN ILLNESS , ORGANIZATIONAL LIABILITY IS REDUCED ONLY IF YOU CAN DEMONSTRATE THAT PROCEDURES HAVE BEEN FOLLOWED TO MAINTAIN THE CHAIN OF FOOD SAFETY
H OW F OOD B ECOMES U NSAFE :
B IOLOGICAL HAZARDS SUCH AS BACTERIA , VIRUSES , PARASITES AND FUNGI CAN ’ T BE SEEN ,
TASTED , OR SMELLED AND CAN CONTAMINATE FOOD ( THESE ARE CALLED PATHOGENS )
C HEMICAL HAZARDS SUCH AS CLEANING PRODUCTS , SANITIZERS , PEST CONTROL POISONS , ETC .
CAN CONTAMINATE FOOD
P HYSICAL HAZARDS SUCH AS DIRT OR RUST ON TOP OF CANS , METAL SHAVINGS , GLASS FRAGMENTS , ANIMAL DROPPINGS , INSECT CASINGS , ETC . CAN CONTAMINATE FOOD
P ANTRIES ARE AT HIGHEST RISK FOR T IME AND T EMPERATURE ABUSE OF PRODUCT , WHICH MEANS LETTING FOOD STAY TOO LONG IN THE T EMPERATURE D ANGER Z ONE :
o
TEMPERATURE DANGER ZONE (41°F-135°F) IS THE RANGE IN WHICH PATHOGENS GROW FASTESTo
MEAT, POULTRY, FISH, SHELLFISH AND DAIRY PRODUCTS, WHETHER COOKED OR UNCOOKED, SHOULD NOT BE LEFT IN THE TEMPERATURE DANGER ZONE FOR MORE THAN1
HOURo
ANY COOKED VEGETABLE, STARCH OR GRAIN PRODUCTS INCLUDING RICE, PASTA AND POTATOES SHOULD NOT BE LEFT IN THE TEMPERATURE DANGER ZONE FOR MORE THAN 1 HOURo F
ROZEN PRODUCT SHOULD NOT REMAIN IN THET
EMPERATURED
ANGERZ
ONE FOR MORE THAN4
HOURS OVER THE COURSE OF THE PRODUCT’
S LIFETIMEP ROPER S TORAGE E NVIRONMENT :
A CCESS TO STORAGE SHOULD BE LIMITED TO AUTHORIZED STAFF AND VOLUNTEERS WHO HAVE AN AWARENESS OF FOOD SAFETY ISSUES
D RY STORAGE AREAS SHOULD BE CLEAN , DRY , AND PEST - FREE :
o C
LEAN STORAGE AREAS REGULARLYo S
TORAGE AREAS SHOULD BE WELL VENTILATEDo K
EEP THE DRY-
STORAGE ENVIRONMENT BETWEEN50°
AND70° F
WITH HUMIDITY LESS THAN60%
o I
F THERE IS A“
MUSTY”
SMELL OR THERE IS CONDENSATION ON WALLS,
INSTALL A DEHUMIDIFIERo K
EEP RECORDS OF PEST INSPECTIONS AND DOCUMENT WHAT STEPS WERE TAKEN IF EVIDENCE OF PESTS WAS DISCOVERED:
I
F YOU DO NOT HAVE A CONTRACT WITH A PEST CONTROL SERVICE,
CREATE YOUR OWN LOG THAT TRACKS INSPECTIONS&
TREATMENTS E
NSURE THAT ALL ACCESS POINTS FOR PESTS AND VERMIN ARE SEALED S
TORE CEREALS,
GRAINS,
SUGAR&
FLOUR IN AIRTIGHT CONTAINERS TO PREVENT INFESTATIONS F OOD SHOULD BE STORED AT LEAST 6 INCHES ABOVE THE GROUND AND ( IDEALLY ) 2 INCHES
AWAY FROM THE WALLS :
o P
REVENTS PRODUCT FROM CONTAMINATION SHOULD THERE BE MINOR FLOODINGo R
EDUCES PEST ACCESSo A
LLOWS FOR EASIER CLEANINGo T
O MAXIMIZE STORAGE,
PUT NON-
FOOD ITEMS ON THE FLOOR OR LOWEST SHELF S EPARATE DRY - STORAGE PRODUCT FROM CHEMICALS :
o S
TORE CLEANING PRODUCTS AND OTHER CHEMICALS IN A SEPARATE ROOM FROM FOOD STORAGEo I
F THIS IS NOT POSSIBLE,
STORE SUCH ITEMS ON A SEPARATE SET OF SHELVESo D
O NOT EVER STORE CLEANING PRODUCTS OR CHEMICALS ABOVE FOOD ITEMS A VOID STORING PRODUCT :
o B
ENEATH WATER OR SEWER LINESo N
EAR HEAT SOURCES SUCH AS OVENS,
FORCED AIR VENTS,
OR FURNACESo N
EAR WINDOWS THAT RECEIVE DIRECT SUNLIGHT M AINTAIN COLD - STORAGE UNITS APPROPRIATELY :
o E
NSURE THAT REFRIGERATORS ARE HOLDING TEMPERATURES BETWEEN33° F
AND40° F
B
ELOW32° F
AND PRODUCT MAY FREEZE C
OLONIES OF BACTERIA THAT CAUSE FOODBOURNE ILLNESS CAN DOUBLE IN20
MINUTES IF FOOD IS STORED IN THET
EMPERATURED
ANGERZ
ONE(41° F - 135° F)
o E
NSURE THAT FREEZERS ARE HOLDING TEMPERATURES BETWEEN-10° F
AND0° F
F
OOD STORED BELOW30° F
MAY APPEAR TO BE FROZEN,
BUT CERTAIN YEASTS AND BACTERIA CAN CONTINUE TO GROW AT15° F
o R
ECORD COLD STORAGE TEMPERATURES AT LEAST ONCE A WEEKo C
LEAN AND/
OR DEFROST ALL UNITS AT LEAST QUARTERLYE VALUATING P RODUCT F ITNESS – C ODE D ATES :
D ATES ARE PRINTED ON MANY FOOD ITEMS , BUT PRODUCT DATING IS NOT REQUIRED BY FEDERAL REGULATIONS EXCEPT ON INFANT FORMULA AND BABY FOODS
C LOSED DATES , PACKING NUMBERS , OR J ULIAN CODES APPEAR AS A SERIES OF LETTERS AND / OR NUMBERS AND ARE CREATED BY THE MANUFACTURER :
o U
SUALLY APPEAR ON SHELF-
STABLE PRODUCTS SUCH AS CANS OR BOXESo R
EFER TO THE DATE OR TIME OF MANUFACTURE,
NOT PRODUCT EXPIRATIONo E
NABLE MANUFACTURERS TO ROTATE THEIR STOCKo E
NABLE MANUFACTURERS TO LOCATE PRODUCT IN THE EVENT OF A RECALL C ALENDAR DATES HELP STORES DETERMINE HOW LONG TO DISPLAY PRODUCT FOR SALE :
o R
ELATE TO THE PEAK QUALITY OF FOOD,
NOT PRODUCT SAFETYo F
OUND PRIMARILY ON PERISHABLE FOODS,
SUCH AS DAIRY,
EGGS,
MEAT AND POULTRY T HREE COMMON TYPES OF CODE DATES :
“B
EST IFU
SEDB
Y”
RECOMMENDED FOR BEST FLAVOR OR QUALITY;
NOT A PURCHASE OR SAFETY DATE“S
ELL-
BY”
DATE TELLS THE STORE HOW LONG TO DISPLAY THE PRODUCT FOR SALE;
RECEIVE THE PRODUCT BEFORE THIS DATE EXPIRES“U
SEB
Y”
THE LAST DATE RECOMMENDED FOR USE OF THE PRODUCT WHILE AT PEAK QUALITY;
THE MANUFACTURER OF THE PRODUCT HAS DETERMINED THIS DATE S HELF - STABLE OR FROZEN PRODUCT THAT IS PAST CODE DATE IS GENERALLY SAFE TO
DISTRIBUTE ; HOWEVER , PRODUCT COLOR , TASTE , OR NUTRITIONAL CONTENT MAY BE AFFECTED
R EFRIGERATED ITEMS SHOULD BE DISTRIBUTED ON OR SHORTLY AFTER CODE DATE :
o E
GGS CAN BE DISTRIBUTED3-4
WEEKS AFTER THE SELL-
BY DATEo Y
OGURT CAN BE DISTRIBUTED UP TO7
DAYS PAST THE SELL-
BY DATE B ASED ON PRODUCT TYPE , AVAILABLE CODE DATES , OR WHEN THE PRODUCT WAS RECEIVED ,
YOU SHOULD DETERMINE A SAFE LAST DATE FOR DISTRIBUTION :
o I
T IS ASSUMED THAT MOST PANTRY CONSUMERS WILL USE THE PRODUCT WITHIN A FEW DAYSo B
ABY FOOD AND INFANT FORMULA CANNOT BE DISTRIBUTED PAST THE USE-
BY DATEo C
ANNED GOODS CAN BE DISTRIBUTED AT LEAST A YEAR PAST CODE DATE L
OW-
ACID CANNED GOODS CAN BE DISTRIBUTED LONGER PAST CODE DATE THAN HIGH-
ACID CANNED GOODS(
E.
G.,
POTATOES VS.
TOMATOES)
o B
OXED PASTAS,
RICE,
AND BEANS CAN BE DISTRIBUTED AT LEAST A YEAR PAST CODE DATEo N
ON-
FROZEN PERISHABLES MUST BE DISTRIBUTED WITHIN OR SOON AFTER CODE DATEo R
ETAIL MEATS FROZEN ON OR BEFORE THE SELL-
BY DATE SHOULD BE DISTRIBUTED WITHIN6
MONTHSE VALUATING P RODUCT F ITNESS – C ANS :
T HROW OUT CANS WITH :
o D
ENTED OR PINCHED TOP OR BOTTOM RIMo D
ENTS ON THE SIDE SEAM OR AN INCORRECTLY WELDED SEAMo D
EEP DENTS THAT DO NOT ALLOW STACKING(
EXCEPT FOR DRYGOODS SUCH AS GROUND COFFEE
,
POWDERED DRINK MIXES)
o S
WOLLEN OR BULGING END,
OR AN END THAT GIVES WHEN PUSHED(
AGAIN,
EXCEPT FOR DRY GOODS SUCH AS GROUND COFFEE,
ETC)
o R
UST OR SOIL THAT DOES NOT WIPE OFFo D
ENTS AROUND THE SCORE LINES UNDER A PULL-
TAB;
OPENINGSo L
EAKSo D
IRT UNDER A PULL-
TAB TOPo M
OLD OR WATERMARKSo E
VIDENCE OF EXPOSURE TO TEMPERATURE EXTREMES(
SUCH ASSCORCH MARKS OR FROST
)
o S
IGNS OF INSECTS,
INCLUDING EGG CASES,
BODY PARTS,
WEBS,
ANDDROPPINGS
o S
IGNS OF RODENTS,
INCLUDING GNAW MARKS,
DROPPINGS,
OR URINEo D
ATING PAST THE ACCEPTABLE SAFE DATEo M
ISSING LABELS OR LABELS YOU CANNOT READW HEN IN DOUBT , THROW IT OUT !
E VALUATING P RODUCT F ITNESS – B OXES & B AGS :
T HROW OUT BOXES THAT HAVE :
o O
PEN TOPS OR BOTTOMSo C
ONTAMINANTS INSIDE THE BOXESo T
ORN,
LEAKING OR CONTAMINATED INNER BAGSo I
NNER BAGS WITH OPEN SEAMS OR HOLESo M
OLD OR WATERMARKSo S
IGNS OF INSECTS,
INCLUDING BUGS IN SEAMS,
HOLES,
EGG CASES,
WEBS
,
BODY PARTS,
OR DROPPINGSo S
IGNS OF RODENTS,
INCLUDING GNAW MARKS,
DROPPINGS,
OR URINEo D
ATING PAST THE ACCEPTABLE SAFE DATEo M
ISSING LABELS OR LABELS YOU CANNOT READT HROW OUT BAGS OR SACKS WITH :
o R
IPS,
TEARS,
PUNCTURES OR HOLESo M
OLD OR WATERMARKSo I
NCOMPLETE OR INCORRECTLY FORMED SEALS OR SEAMSo S
IGNS OF INSECTS,
INCLUDING BUGS IN SEAMS,
HOLES,
EGG CASES,
WEBS
,
BODY PARTS,
OR DROPPINGSo S
IGNS OF RODENTS,
INCLUDING GNAW MARKS,
DROPPINGS,
OR URINEo D
ATING PAST THE ACCEPTABLE SAFE DATEo M
ISSING LABELS OR LABELS YOU CANNOT READW HEN IN DOUBT , THROW IT OUT !
E VALUATING P RODUCT F ITNESS – B OTTLES , J ARS & P OUCHES :
T HROW OUT GLASS OR PLASTIC BOTTLES OR JARS WITH :
o L
OOSE OR BROKEN CAPSo L
EAKINGS
CREW TOPSo B
ROKEN TAMPER-
EVIDENT SEALSo O
THER SIGNS THE CAP WAS OPENEDo F
OREIGN OBJECTS INSIDE THE CONTAINERo U
NUSUAL PRODUCT SEPARATIONo M
OLD INSIDE THE CONTAINERo D
IRT OR OTHER PARTICLES UNDER THE RIMo S
IGNS OF INSECTSo S
IGNS OF RODENTS,
INCLUDING GNAW MARKS,
DROPPINGS OR URINEo S
IGNS THE CONTAINER WAS WETo C
RACKS OR CHIPSo H
OME-
JARRED FOODSo D
ATES PAST THE ACCEPTABLE SAFE DATEo M
ISSING LABELS OR LABELS YOU CANNOT READT HROW OUT POUCHES WITH :
o L
EAKS,
OPEN SEALS,
HOLES OR PUNCTURESo C
UTS,
CRACKS,
OR SCRATCHES DEEP ENOUGH TO LEAKo M
OLD OR SIGNS THE PACKAGE WAS WETo
INCOMPLETE OR INCORRECTLY FORMED SEALSo F
OLDS OR WRINKLES(
CAUSED BY ONE SIDE LONGER THAN ANOTHERo F
OREIGN OBJECTS TRAPPED INSIDE POUCH OR INTERRUPTING THESEAL OR SEAM
o B
ULGES ON THE SEAMSo I
NFLATIONo S
IGNS OF INSECTS OR RODENTSo D
ATING PAST THE ACCEPTABLE SAFE DATEo M
ISSING LABELS OR LABELS YOU CANNOT READW HEN IN DOUBT , THROW IT OUT !
E VALUATING P RODUCT F ITNESS – F ROZEN M EATS :
T HROW OUT MEATS THAT HAVE :
o A
STRONG ODOR OF SPOILAGEo B
LOOD POOLED ON THE UNDERSIDE OF PACKAGINGo P
UNCTURED OR TORN PACKAGINGo A
GREEN TINGE TO THE MEATo A
SELL-
BY DATE PAST6
MONTHSW HEN IN DOUBT , THROW IT OUT !
M EATS ARE GENERALLY SAFE EVEN IF THEY HAVE :
o A
DARKER RED OR EVEN BROWN COLORT
HIS IS DUE TO OXYGENATION OF BLOODo “P
UFFY PACKAGING”
D
UE TOM
ODIFIEDA
TMOSPHEREP
ACKAGING,
WHERE NITROGEN ORCO
2 IS INJECTED INTO THE INTERIOR TO PREVENTOXYGENATION AND MAINTAIN THE COLOR OF THE MEAT
o I
CE CRYSTALS ARE A SIGN THAT MEAT HAS PARTIALLY THAWED AND REFROZEN;
GENERALLY MEAT IS STILL SAFE TO CONSUMER ECEIVING P RODUCT :
E VALUATE THE SOURCE :
o I
F YOU HAVE CONSISTENTLY RECEIVED MARGINAL PRODUCT FROM A SOURCE,
BRING THIS TO THEIR ATTENTION AND EXPLAIN YOUR FOCUS ON FOOD SAFETYo I
F YOU HAVE ANY CONCERN THAT THE SOURCE HAS NOT FOLLOWED KEY FOOD SAFETY STANDARDS,
ASK FOR DETAILS ABOUT THEIR OPERATIONAL PRACTICESo I
T IS ADVISABLE THAT YOU DO NOT ACCEPT P
REPARED FOODS FROM RESTAURANTS OR CATERERS P
REPARED FOODS FROM ORGANIZATIONS OR INDIVIDUALS COOKING IN UNLICENSED KITCHENS M
EAT THAT HAS NOT BEEN PROCESSED IN AUSDA-
CERTIFIED FACILITY(
E.
G.
VENISON FROM A HUNTER)
E VALUATE PRODUCT APPROPRIATENESS AND FITNESS :
o P
RODUCT SHOULD BE APPROPRIATE FOR WHAT YOU CAN SAFELY STORE I
F YOU DON’
T HAVE ADEQUATE FREEZER SPACE,
DON’
T RECEIVE FROZEN PRODUCT I
F YOU DON’
T HAVE ADEQUATE REFRIGERATOR SPACE,
DON’
T RECEIVE REFRIGERATED PRODUCT I
F PRODUCT CAN NOT FIT IN YOUR PANTRY AREA,
CONSIDER NOT TAKING AS MUCHo D
O NOT ACCEPT PRODUCT THAT IS CURRENTLY OR WILL SOON BE UNFIT FOR CONSUMPTIONo I
F SUCH PRODUCT IS RECEIVED,
DISCARD IT IMMEDIATELYR ECEIVING P RODUCT ( CONTINUED ):
K EEP RECEIPTS OF PRODUCT RECEIVED :
o I
NDICATE SOURCE,
DATE RECEIVED,
ITEMIZE PRODUCT&
QUANTITYo R
ECEIPTS CAN BE USED TO TRACK DOWN PRODUCT RECALLSo R
ECEIPTS CAN BE USED TO THANK DONORS L ABEL PRODUCT WITH A “D ISTRIBUTE B Y ” OR “R ECEIVED O N ” DATE o I
F THERE IS A CODE DATE ON THE PRODUCT:
DETERMINE THE LAST SAFE DATE TO DISTRIBUTE THE PRODUCT(I
T IS ASSUMED THAT MOST PANTRY CONSUMERS WILL USE THE PRODUCT WITHIN A FEW DAYS)
L
ABEL THE PRODUCT WITH THE“D
IST BY”
DATEo I
F YOU PURCHASED THE PRODUCT AND THERE IS NO CODE DATE,
YOU CAN ESTIMATE THE“
DIST BY”
DATEo I
F THE PRODUCT IS DONATED AND THERE IS NO CODE DATE,
LABEL IT WITH A“
RECEIVED ON”
DATEo D
ISTRIBUTE PRODUCT WITH A“R
CVD”
DATE BEFORE ALL OTHERS,
AS THERE IS NO WAY TO DETERMINEHOW OLD IT MAY BE
.
T RANSPORTING P RODUCT :
B RING PRODUCT BACK TO YOUR STORAGE LOCATION IN THE SHORTEST TIME POSSIBLE
E NSURE THAT THE VEHICLE IS CLEAN ; DO NOT STORE CHEMICALS IN THE SAME AREA WHERE PRODUCT IS TO BE PLACED
R EFRIGERATED OR FROZEN PRODUCT SHOULD BE WRAPPED IN INSULATED BLANKETS OR PUT IN COOLERS DURING TRANSPORT
M AINTAINING I NVENTORY – G ENERAL R ULES :
O LDER PRODUCT SHOULD BE MORE ACCESSIBLE THAN NEWER PRODUCT o M
OVE OLDER PRODUCT TO THE FRONT OF SHELVESo I
F YOU HAVE SHELVING DEDICATED TO THE NEXT DISTRIBUTION,
PUT OLDER PRODUCT FROM YOUR STOCKROOM ON THESE SHELVES D O NOT STOCKPILE LARGE QUANTITIES OF FOOD FOR AN EMERGENCY
D O NOT OPEN PACKAGES AND SUBDIVIDE PRODUCT INTO SMALLER PORTIONS FOR DISTRIBUTION
G O THROUGH YOUR ENTIRE INVENTORY QUARTERLY AND THROW OUT PRODUCT PAST THE
“ DISTRIBUTE BY ” DATE OR SIGNIFICANTLY PAST THE “ RECEIVED ON ” DATE
M AINTAINING I NVENTORY – C OLD S TORAGE :
D O NOT OVERFILL YOUR COLD STORAGE UNITS OR PLACE PRODUCT TOO CLOSE TO VENTS ; COLD
AIR MUST BE ABLE TO CIRCULATE THROUGHOUT THE ENTIRE UNIT
G O THROUGH ALL YOUR REFRIGERATED INVENTORY WEEKLY AND THROW OUT PRODUCT PAST THE “ DISTRIBUTE BY ” DATE OR SIGNIFICANTLY PAST THE “ RECEIVED ON ” DATE
G O THROUGH ALL YOUR FROZEN INVENTORY QUARTERLY AND THROW OUT PRODUCT PAST THE
“ DISTRIBUTE BY ” DATE OR SIGNIFICANTLY PAST THE “ RECEIVED ON ” DATE
T O IDENTIFY LOSS OF POWER IN THE FREEZER , PLACE A PENNY ON TOP OF WATER FROZEN IN A BOTTLE ; IF THE PENNY SINKS OVER TIME , THE FREEZER HAS STOPPED WORKING AT SOME POINT
o I
F YOU CANNOT DETERMINE HOW LONG MEAT HAS REMAINED UNFROZEN,
DISCARD IT IMMEDIATELYo M
EAT THAT HAS BEEN IN A FULL BUT NON-
FUNCTIONAL FREEZER FOR LESS THAN FOUR HOURS CAN BEREFROZEN AND DISTRIBUTED