2017 2nd International Conference on Information Technology and Management Engineering (ITME 2017) ISBN: 978-1-60595-415-8
Analysis on Science and Technology Intelligence Demand in the
Decision of Science and Technology Policy
Yu-juan ZHANG*, Wei ZHANG and Yu GUO
Beijing Institute of Science and Technology Information, Beijing City, 100048
*Corresponding author
Keywords: Strategic planning, The demand of scientific and technology intelligence, The analysis framework, The service of scientific and technology intelligence.
Abstract. This article analyzes an actual case that strategic planning service for a target customer, arranges the demand of scientific and technology intelligence in the stage of strategic planning, constructs the analysis framework about the purpose and significance, support object, support content, and support means or methods of science and technology policy. This article also proposes the scientific and technology intelligence methods and paths to meet the needs of customer, provides a reference for the policy makers themselves or to seek experts.
Introduction
Scientific of decision making is an important issue in the development of science and technology
[1, 2]. The results affect the major decision in order to achieve the objectives of the strategic issues, is
a strategic judgment of the government in order to adapt to changes in the development of science and technology. The government hopes to obtain the high speed development of science and technology by making the reasonable science and technology policy in the dynamic development environment. Whether it is judgment of the change trend of development environmental, or following of foreign science and technology strategy, or the objective analysis of national science and technology competitive advantage, all need the support intelligence methods to help the decision maker to complete the decision-making related to the development of the national strategy,
and provide theoretical method and reasoning[3].
The narrower of decision-making process about science and technology policy includes four stages of strategic planning, strategic analysis, strategic planning and strategic choice. Through the analysis of effective approach of scientific and technical intelligence and the handle of all kinds of information is to carry out work to support the government or the policy maker. The article analyzes the demand of intelligence and the basic structure of intelligence service during planning stage.
Research Methods and Process
This article deduces the intelligence work of the strategic planning stage, takes the way of case analysis from the practical case of strategic planning practice of science and technology policy. And it analyzes the intelligence demand and characteristics of science and technology policy decision in this stage, researches the method and path, and summarized service framework.
Demand of Science and Technology Intelligence of Policy Planning
Planning Process of Science and Technology
As a general strategy, the main task of the stage of strategic planning is to put forward the problem and establish the goal. Science and technology policy makers should understand the current situation and trend of science and technology policy development, the level of nation, the economic and social requirement at this stage. They need gather and combine a wide range of information about beneficiaries and other factors [4]. In the process of collecting it need to make a global comprehension for the important decision-making factors, to find important areas quickly by sorting out [5]. The strategic planning process is a primary screening and processing, the input is the complex intelligence, news, information, even simple idea, but the output is a clear problem or goal, it probably effect the results of science and technology policy. The problem or goal need to be further modified and adjusted sometimes in the process of deep analysis. Policy makers' strategic decisions will also be based on this.
Information Elements of Science and Technology Policy Planning
Research content of Science and technology intelligence has the following four characteristics: One is targeted. That is to say the research task is put forward by the users or is required by the development of science and technology, the research content should focus on issues of concern to the user or the decision to meet the specific needs, the conclusion of the study is oriented, more specific goals. Two is comprehensive. Issues involved in the study are the most comprehensive, not only relates to many field of science and technology, but also have relation with society, economy, and management etc. Three is the time. It requires clear time to complete. In order to give full play to the social benefits and economic benefits of research results, it needs to closely cooperate with the needs of users. Four is the intersection. The cross characteristics show in many aspects. The first is natural science and social science, scientific and technical problems, the technical and economic fields. The second is various research methods including cross qualitative research and quantitative analysis, demand survey and literature survey and field survey and so on[6]. Therefore, this article plays the policy content as one of important analysis. According to the characteristics of science and technology intelligence it analyzes the purpose and significance, support objects, support content, payment methods or means of the policy.
Intelligence Service of Science and Technology Policy Planning
Demand of Science and Technology Intelligence
A science and technology management department is the main maker and manager, is responsible for the work of the Department of science and technology in the area. It carries out the national laws and regulations, rules and policies about science and technology work, drafts relevant local laws or draft and government regulations, organizes and draw up policies to promote science and technology and to promote economic and social development. In early 2010 began, the department commission this unit to assist to make strategic plan to aim at enterprise developing basic and application research.
Table 1. The demand in the stage of science and technology policy planning.
Main task Demand content
Support objects Identify key support objects
Identify key objects
Understand the demand of objects Find a representative object
Support content Identify key support content
Understand the current status and trend of support content Understand the support content, especially the key technologies and their life cycle
Understand domestic and foreign policies and regulations of support content
Understand the demand of support content
Analysis of the major opportunities after the implementation
of the policy
Payment methods or means
Identify key payment methods or means
Identify key payment methods or means
Clear the possible problems of payment methods or means Understand boosting capacity of the support means to promote the policy implementation
Policy management
Identify Policy manager
Clear manager responsibility
Make management procedures or rules
Clear the guarantee measures for the implementation of the policy
Application of Method of Science and Technology Intelligence
It found some problems in the survey of a scientific and technological management department. Science and technology policy mainly has the following questions: Firstly, the Department of science and technology policy does not top-level design scheme, the policy system is not perfect. The secondly there is a phenomenon of cross or lack of policy coverage. The thirdly, the management has failed to keep up with the policy implementation process, the manager's intelligence has failed to effectively play, the management mode or process is not clear, and the high level managers is lack.
The main business of a science and technology management department includes organize and formulate long-term plans and annual plans for the development of science and technology in this area, organize policy measures of applied basic research, high technology development, and application of major scientific and technological achievements. It makes policy to guide science and technology promotion and implementation, and study and formulate policies and measures for the reform, etc. By making analysis of policy aim, object, content, support ways and means, it found there were not have a specific policy to support the enterprise basic research and applied, not to form a enterprise development pattern. After the article focus on the support of the object, it makes a simple analysis for the whole area policy of science and technology. The department established the key support position of the enterprise research about foundation and application.
Service Effect of Science and Technology Intelligence
Analysis and Service Framework of Science and Technology Intelligence in the Stage of Programming
Service Framework of Science and Technology Intelligence
Clearing strategic decision-making needs is the starting point of strategic planning phase of scientific and technical information services. Decision makers sometimes just want to solve the current problems, but often ignore the nature of the problem, modify the image. Science and technology intelligence workers not only to understand the judgment to exist problems in the development or management, but also help the decision makers to see the essence of the problem through the use of professional knowledge and experience, and assist clear the true strategic issues[7-9].
Starting with the purpose and significance of science and technology policy, the research may clearly discover the main framework of the current policy system, and explore the coverage and lack, explore the extent of the superposition and lack of each policy, integrate overlap more policies, add missing part, expand the advantage and avoid the shortage and breakthrough point. At the same time, the research should avoid a phenomenon hindering development of regional science and technology caused by imperfect policy system.
The analysis for the business mainly develops from policy purpose, support objects, support content, support the way or means of 4 levels.
The main purpose of the policy making is to determine the target or target that can be achieved in the implementation of the policy when the policy is put forward. The main task of support object is to grasp the object status of science and technology, improve the policy of science and technology through a comprehensive understanding of science and technology policy coverage situation. Science and technology intelligence as a means, it task is to assist managers to establish a map of the future of science and technology, so as to identify or adjust its research policy. The main task of support content is to how to establish the specific operation of support objects. The main task of support the way or means proposes reasonable and easy to operate the way to benefit the support object based on the conditions of the current decision-making department. It is not just a scan of the department's content policy, but it should also include the current location of the region in the country and elsewhere. The analysis framework of scientific and technological intelligence is be build up, is based on the demand of scientific and technological intelligence in the strategic planning stage. The work of scientific and technological intelligence is to collect relevant information or intelligence, analyze by the method of competitive intelligence, and meet the needs of decision makers in decision-making objects, content, methods, and aid to decision-makers complete preliminary judgment. The methods of science and technology intelligence to analyze the key factors include trend analysis, expert interview, visual map, value chain analysis, internal factor evaluation matrix, SWOT analysis, etc. However, these methods are not necessarily used in the strategic planning stage. SWOT and internal and external factors analysis are the most commonly used methods in this period.
Summary of Service of Science and Technology Intelligence
are SWOT analysis and internal and external factors of evaluation and analysis methods. If these analysis methods still can not clearly find the solution, can choose other scientific and technical intelligence methods targeted in-depth analysis.
Based on the above brief analysis, what presented to the decision maker is realization path be conducive to the development of key business units. One thing to note is that science and technology intelligence need deeply communicate with decision makers, to ensure its feasibility and effectiveness, and carry out intelligence work in the next step.
Summary
The article summed up the main object of analysis and content in science and technology policy decision making strategic planning stage according to a strategic planning phase of science and technology intelligence service case, abstract as a general requirement for scientific and technical intelligence on the basis of above. Science and technology intelligence work is to meet a series of scientific and technological information needs. Therefore, Aiming at for science and technology policy support several aspects of object, content, method means, it need scan information source, analyze the key factors, comprehensive evaluate the analysis results, and establish the next step policy strategy. The analysis framework of strategic planning stage of scientific and technical intelligence provides a reference for the government to carry out competitive intelligence analysis. But on the choice of method, not only limited to the framework of the centralized method, it should select the appropriate technology intelligence methods according to the familiar degree of various methods and analysis of the object. In addition, because the goal of the strategic stage is to put forward the problem and determine the goal, and is the overall situation and the overall grasp, so the analysis of this stage is mainly qualitative analysis, quantitative analysis can be used as the next phase of strategic planning -- that is, the key content of the stage of strategic analysis.
Although the case selected in this paper is only a case of strategic consulting services in the unit, inevitably affected by the unit service process, the way the characteristics of the impact, but the degree of specialization of the unit shown in the process of target customers in the service is worth of recognition, has reference significance for the decision makers themselves or to seek outside experts to carry out the work of scientific and technological intelligence.
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