भारत में छात्र राजनीती

Hkkjr esa Nk= jktuhfr fo"k; dh v|ru fLFkfr

[kq'kcw dqekjh] vfrfFk O;k[;krk]

jktuhfr 'kkL= foHkkx] jk¡ph fo'ofo|ky;] jk¡phA

Hkkjr esa Nk= jktuhfr fo'ofo|ky; f'k{k.k O;oLFkk dk vge ?kVd jgh gSA pkgs oks ts-,u-;w- gks] Mh;w gks] ,-,e-;w- gks ;k fQj y[kuÅ] bykgkckn ;k cukjl fganw fo'ofo|ky;A

f'k{kk ds bu egRoiw.kZ dsUnzksa esa vktknh ds ckn ls Nk= jktuhfr us u dsoy Nk=ksa dh leL;kvksa dks dsUnz esa j[kdj viuh&viuh xfr'khyrk cuk, j[kh gS cfYd Nk= jktuhfr ds o`gÙk Qyd ij Hkh viuh lfØ; Hkkxhnkjh fuHkkbZ gSA

gkykafd ch-,p-;w- ds laLFkkid enu eksgu ekyoh; us Nk= vkSj jktuhfr uk;d ys[k esa fy[kk Fkk fd tc rd Nk=ksa dks jktuhfr ls nwjh j[kuh pkfg, vkSj viuk lkjk /;ku i<+kbZ ij dsfUnzr djuk pkfg, rkfd oks ,d cqf)thoh ukxfjd cu ldsa vkSj ns'k dh mUufr esa csgrj ;ksxnku ns ldsaA

midYiuk

1- Nk= leL;kvksa ds izfr lÙkk dh mis{kk dk ifj.kke Nk= vkanksyu gksrk gSA 2- Nk= vkanksyuksa esa Nk= usrkvksa dk ;ksxnku egRoiw.kZ gksrk gSA

'kks/k izk:i rFkk 'kks/k i)fr

v/;;u dks lkFkZd cukus ds fy, vUos"k.kkRed izk:i dk v/;;u fd;k x;k gS ,oa 'kks/k i)fr esa ,sfrgkfld ,oa o.kZukRed i)fr dk iz;ksx fd;k x;k gSA

midj.k

iz;qDr 'kks/k lkexzh ds :i esa vkdM+s f}rh;u lzksr ds :i esa iqLrdksa] i=&if=dkvksa vkSj ys[kksa bR;kfn dk v/;;u fd;k tk,xkA

vktknh ds ckn %& ysfdu Hkkjr ds vktknh ds ckn dkWystksa] fo'ofo|ky;ksa esa i<+us okys vkSj vkn'kZ ls Hkjs Nk=ksa us ekyoh; th dh bl jk; ls 'kk;n gh dHkh bÙksQkd j[kk vkSj yxkrkj fo'ofo|ky; dh jktuhfr lfØ; jktuhfr dh ikB'kkyk ds :i esa gh fodflr gksrs jghA

blds dkj.k Hkh FksA vktknh ikus ds ckn ns'k ds ;qokvksa esa jkstxkj [kq'kgkyh ds tks lius txs Fks oks tYnh gh pdukpwj gks x, vkSj bldh lcls igyh Hkkj fo'ofo|ky;ksa esa f'k{kk ys jgs Nk=ksa ij gh iM+hA

;s oks ;qok Fks tks f'kf{kr FksA jkstxkj ds dkfcy Fks] ns'k ds fodkl esa v/; Hkwfedk fuHkkus dks rS;kj cSBs FksA ysfdu ,d fiNM+s ns'k ds ikl bruh lgwfy;rsa ugha Fkh fd oks lHkh f'kf{kr ;qokvksa dks jkstxkj ds volj ns ikrkA Nk= ,d nks nksjkgs ij [kM+k FkkA ;k rks oks vius VwVs liuksa ds lkFk ftuk lh[k ysrk ;k fQj O;oLFkk ds f[kykQ vkanksyu djrkA

,sls gh Nk=ksa dh mEehnksa dh jks'kuh cus Fks yksduk;d t;izdk'k ukjk;.k ftuds O;oLFkk fojks/kh vkanksyu us gtkjksa dh la[;k esa Nk=ksa dks izsfjr fd;k Fkk vkSj ns[krs gh ns[krs ykyw] uhrh'k] lq'khy] eksnh] jfo'kadj izlkn ;kno] v:.k tsVyh] 'kjn ;kno] fot; xks;y tSls Nk= usrkvksa dh ,d iwjh ih<+h rS;kj gks xbZ FkhA

tsih vkanksyu %& dg ldrs gSa fd ns'k vkSj lekt esa O;kIr vO;oLFkkvksa us gh bu Nk=ksa dks izsfjr fd;k Fkk vkSj tc bafnjk xka/kh us t;izdk'k ukjk;.k ds laiw.kZ Økafr vkanksyu ds tokc esa bejtsalh ?kksf"kr dj nh rks viuk ?kj&ckj NksM+ vkanksyu djus okys lSdM+ksa Nk= usrk lyk[kksa ds ihNs igq¡pk fn, x, FksA fjgkbZ ds ckn dk;ZØe esa buesa ls dbZ Nk= usrk cM+s jktusrk ds :i esa mHkjsA tsih ls igys xqtjkr esa Nk=ksa dh vxqokbZ esa uofuekZ.k vkanksyu us dfFkr :i ls Hkz"V xqtjkr ljdkj dks bLrhQk nsus ij etcwj dj fn;kA ysfdu fiNys chp&iPphl o"kksZa esa Nk= jktuhfr esa ,d fxjkoV dk :[k nsus dks fey jgk gSA gkykafd blesa ,d tcnZLr mcky rc vk;k tc 90 ds nld dh 'kq:vkr esa eaMy deh'ku dh flQkfj'kksa ds vk/kkj ij vkj{k.k dh uhfr ykxw gqbZ FkhA

Nk= usrk gh cus fojks/kh %&

vkuan iz/kku dgrs gSa ^^ykw izlkn gks ;k uhrh'k dqekj gks ;s yksx ftl Nk= jktuhfr ls fudyus mls gh bUgksaus gkf'k, ij /kdsyus dk dke fd;kA ykyw izlkn 15 lky fcgkj dh lÙkk ij jgs ysfdu ml nkSjku mUgksaus Nk= la?k pquko ugha djk;kA mUgsa ;s Mj yxrk Fkk fd vxj Nk= la?k pquko gq, rks u, usrk fudysaxs tks mUgsa pqukSrh ns ldrs gSaA ch-,-;w- 80 ds n'kd ds ckn Nk= jktuhfr dks detksj djus okyh ,d vkSj otg jgh fo'ofo|ky; ifjljksa esa gksus okys gaxkeksa gM+rkyksa vkSj vkanksyuksa dks dkuwu vkSj O;oLFkk dk ekeyk cukdj dSail esa iqfyl dh rSukjh dj nh xbZA vkuan iz/kku bls lÙkk dh lkft'k ds :i esa ns[krs gSa] Nk= la?kksa dh lÙkk fojks/k ds dsUnz ds :i esa ns[ks tkus dh otg ls igys mUgsa Hkz"V cuk;k mUgsa iSls f[kyk,] mlesa Bsdsnkjksa vkSj vijkf/k;ksa dks ?kqlus fn;kA nwljs pj.k esa mudks cnuke djuk 'kq: fd;k vkSj tc oks cnuke gks x, vkSj fQj mUgsa nw/k dh eD[kh dh rjg fudky dj Qsad fn;k x;k ftldk fo|kfFkZ;ksa us Hkh fojks/k ugha fd;kA tks rdZ fn;k tkrk gS fd Nk= la?k ds u jgus ls f'k{kk dh fLFkfr esa lq/kkj gksrk gS mldk tokc ;gh gS fd fcgkj esa 1987 ls Nk= la?k pquko ugha gq, rks D;k ogka f'k{kk dh fLFkfr lq/kj xbZ cfYd oks vkSj cnÙkj gqbZ gSA

tsih laxBu %& Nk= jktuhfr esa fxjkoV vkus dh nwljh otg ;s Fkh fd oks viuh&viuh jktuhfrd ikfVZ;ksa ds tsih laxBu cu x, FksA tc jktuhfrd nyksa esa fxjkoV vkbZ rks mldk izHkko Nk= jktuhfr ij Hkh fn[kkbZ fn;kA izksQslj vkuan dqekj dgrs gSa fiNys chl o"kksZa esa vk;k gS fd Nk= jktuhfr dk vius&vius nyksa ds fy, rks :>ku gS ysfdu fo|kfFkZ;ksa ds lgt lokyksa ds fy, vkt dksbZ fo|kFkhZ eap miyC/k ugha gS viuh&viuh jktuhfrd lhekvksa ds dkj.k vkSj ;gh otg gS fd vkt vkblk] ,l,QvkbZ lektoknh Nk= la?k] ,u-,l-;w-vkbZ- ,chohih tSls Nk= laxBu rks gS ysfdu tc fo+|kFkhZ ls iwNk tkrk gS rks oks ;gh dgrs gSa ;s gekjs deZ gSa vkSj vius nyksa ds T;knk gSA

nwljh ckr ;s fd vkblk] ,l-,Q-vkbZ- tSls okeiaFkh laxBu tks ts,u;w tSls dSailksa esa dkQh etcwr utj vkrs gSa oks dSail ds ckgj oSls izHkkoh utj ugha vkrs bldh otg crkrs gq, ts-,u-;w- dh iwoZ Nk= la?k v/;{k vychuk 'kdhy dgrs gSa & ^^tgk¡&tgk¡ fo'ofo|ky; ifjljksa esa fopkj/kkjk dh yM+kbZ gksrh gS ogk¡ okeiaFkh dks csgrj izn'kZu ges'kk jgk gS] ysfdu ;wfuoflZVh ls fudydj vke turk ds chp dke djuk esjs [;ky ls iwjs ns'k esa dqN ikWdsV~l dks NksM+dj okeiaFkh jktuhfr dh pqukSrh jgh gSA pquko ds urhts rks ;gh crkrs gSaA**

oru dk ukjk fn;k rks Nk=ksa us /keZ ds f[kapko dk fojks/k fd;k FkkA vkt vf[ky Hkkjrh; fo|kFkhZ ifj"kn ¼,-ch-oh-ih-½ ns'k ds fo'ofo|ky;ksa esa uje fganqRo dh odkyr dj jgh gSA fgUnqRo ds bl leqnz esa tokgjyky usg: fo'ofo|ky; ¼ts-,u-;w-½ 'kk;n ,d }hi dh rjg gS fQj bl fo'ofo|ky; vkSj blds Nk=ksa dks bldk iwjk Js; tkrk gS fd mUgksaus Hkkjr dh lksp yksdra=] fofo/krk vkSj cjkcjh dks deksos'k lqjf{kr j[kk gSA nqHkkZX; ls lsD;qyfjTe dks cuk, j[kus dk la?k"kZ vHkh Hkh tkrh gS dqN le; igys dqN eqfLye dêjiaFkh Nk=ksa ftudh la[;k ik¡p&Ng ls T;knk ugha jgh gksxh os ts,u;w dh mnkj Nfo dks uqdlku igq¡pk;k vkSj Hkkjr dh cckZnh ds ukjs yxk,A ts,u;w ds dqyifr MkW0 txnh'k dqekj us crk;k fd bu Nk=ksa dh la[;k eqëh Hkj ls T;knk ugha FkhA ysfdu mUgksaus fo'ofo|ky; dh Nfo [kjkc dj nhA

gjne viuh Vhvkjih c<+kus dh dksf'k'k esa yxs jgus okys bysDVªkWfud ehfM;k us ;g /kkj.kk QSyk nh fd ts,u;w ,slh txg gS tgk¡ dêjiaFkh vkSj vyxkooknh iSnk gksrs gSaA ;g lansg Fkk fd ,d Vhoh pSuy us ftl ohfM;k dks Hkh pyk;k og QthZ FkkA Hkkjrh; laln ij geyk djus dh lkft'k jpus okys vQty xq: dks J)katfy nsus dh vyxkookfn;ksa dh xqLrk[kh dks [kkfjt ugha djrk ;g fuanuh; gSA ysfdu loky ;g gS fd D;k mUgsa jk"Vª dk ,tsaMk r; djus fn;k tk, tc Hkkjr dh vkcknh yksdra= vkSj fofo/krk dks tcnZLr :i ls Lohdkj djus yxh gSA ts,u;w dh ?kVuk dks ;g ekSdk ugha nsuk pkfg, fd og /keZ ds vk/kkj ij ns'k dk caVokjk gksus ds ckn ns'k dh vusdrk cuk, j[kus ds fy, dh xbZ dfBu esgur dks detksj djsA ts,u;w yanu ds vkWDlQksMZ ;k vesfjdk ds gkoZMZ dh rjg gSA ,d mnkj ekgkSy gS vkSj fujkys fopkjksa ¼tks lkekU; fparu ds f[kykQ gks½ dks vkSj jktuhfrd izfØ;k esa 'kkfey gksuk ;g Hkh fd ftl ny dks nksj fd;k ml ny dh uhfr;ksa o dk;ZØeksa dk leFkZu djus dh ea'kk ij loky ugha mBkrk] D;ksafd ewy ckrksa ij 'kd ugha fd;k tkrk gSA

Nk= jktuhfr dk vk'k; %

u djsa fdlku] etnwj] O;kikjh] deZpkjh Hkh jktuhfr u djsaA rks jktuhfr dkSu djsa\ bu lcds fy, jktuhfr izfrcaf/kr dj nh xbZ gS rks fdl oxZ ds fy, [kqyh j[kh tk jgh gS\ jktuhfr esa ;s&;s&;s u vk,¡ rks iwNk tkuk pkfg, fd jktuhfr dk {ks= fduds fy, gS\ okLro esa ns[kk] le>k tk, rks jktuhfr vkSj jktuhfrd O;oLFkk dh ifjf/k ds vanj ds yksx fdlh Hkh rjg ds izfrjks/k ls dkai mBrs gSaA Nk=ksa ds lfØ; jktuhfr esa vkus dh lqxcqxkgV ls mudk banzklu Mksyus yxrh gSA mUgsa viuh dqlhZ dh fpark lrkus yxrh gS blfy, os Nk=ksa dks jktuhfr ls nwj gh jgus dk mins'k nsrs jgrs gSa] tcfd Nk= lÙkk ds fy, jktuhfr esa ugha vkrs ;k os lÙkk dh jktuhfr ugha djrs oju~ O;oLFkk esa ifjorZu dh ckr djrs gSaA gj jktuhfrd ny vius fgr esa Nk= jktuhfr pkgrk gS] Nk= jktuhfr djsa gekjs ny ds fy,A bl vFkZ esa tks ny Nk=ksa dks jktuhfr ls nwj jgus dgrk gS og vius eryc dh iwfrZ esa mudk MVdj mi;ksx djrk gSA eryc ls gh Nk= jktuhfr pkfg,A gekjs ;gk¡ gh ugha] iwjh nwfu;k esa Nk= vkanksyu dk yack xkSjo'kkyh bfrgkl gSA vius ;gk¡ 1942 esa ;qodksa&Nk=ksa us tks Hkwfedk fuHkkbZ og ;knxkj gSA mlls 22 o"kZ iwoZ 1920 esa egkRek xk¡/kh us Nk=ksa ls ljdkjh Ldwy NksM+us dh vihy dh yk[kksa Nk=ksa us ljdkjh Ldwy NksM+k vkSj mlh dky esa ns'k Hkj esa us'kuy Ldwy ;k jk"Vªh; fo|ky; dh LFkkiuk tkx:d ukxfjdksa us dhA 1974&75 dk Nk= vkanksyu rks rktk gh ekuk tk,xkA blesa Nk=ksa us c<+&p<+ dj fgLlk fy;k vkSj ljdkj dks tufojks/kh uhfr;ksa dk etk p[kk;kA Nk= vkanksyu tks fopkjksa ls mitsa gks lekt dks f'kf{kr Hkh djrs gSa vkSj ,d turkaf=d lekt fuekZ.k esa lgk;d Hkh gksrs gSaA viuh ek¡xksa ds fy, vkanksyu djus Nk= vkanksyu gksrs jgrs gSa ysfdu O;oLFkk esa vkewypwy ifjorZu ;k dgsa badykc ds fy, fd, tkus okys Nk= vkanksyu iwjh O;oLFkk esa tcjnLr ifjorZu ykrs gSaA i<+kbZ rks dSfj;j ds fy, t:jh gS ysfdu O;oLFkk ifjorZu ds fy, dqN le; ds fy, viuk dSfj;j LFkfxr j[kuk O;kid mís'; ds fy, vko';d Hkh gksrk gsA Nk= gh cM+k R;kx dj lekt esa O;oLFkk rFkk jktuhfr esa ifjorZu ykus esa l{ke gSA Nk=ksa dks jktuhfr u djus dk mins'k O;oLFkk dh ;FkkfLFkfr dh i{k/kjrk gS vkSj ,sls yksx ;FkkfLFkfroknh gksrs gSaA

fu"d"kZ %&

Hkkjrh; lekt esa Nk= jktuhfr vko';d gS] D;ksafd Nk= gjsd oxZ dk izfrfuf/kRo djrk gSA blfy, lekt dk vly psgjk Nk= jktuhfr ds ek/;e ls ns[kh tk ldrh gSA fo'ofo|ky;ksa esa i<+us okys Nk=ksa dh leL;kvksa dks nwj djus gsrq Nk= jktuhfr vko';d gSA

lanHkZ %&

1- vkns'k f}osnh vxj Nk= usrk ipkl lky ds rks --- 2013 ch-ch-lh- dkWe 1

2- ekuoh; nRrk=s; th gkWloys ,oa ekuuh; fefyan ejkBs jk"Vªh; iqufuekZ.k 2015] jkgwy 'kekZ] eqacbZ&3 3- iz'kkar flag] ,d vkokt tks lqukbZ nsrh gS] 2017] fofdihfM;k