Pneumatics Exercises Solution Sheet

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Basic Pneumatics

Exercise No. 2

Control of a single – acting cylinder

The Problem:

The movement of a single – acting cylinder is to be affected from two different points. A single acting cylinder of 25 mm diameter is to emboss a metal plate when any of the two push buttons is pressed. As long as the push button is activated, the cylinder is to remain in the position. If the push button is released, the cylinder is to retract.

The Diagram: Name: _________________________________ Score: __________________ 3 3 1 1 2 2 12 14 2

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Exercise No. 3

Control of a single – acting cylinder

The Problem:

The piston rod of a single – acting cylinder may move out only if two 3 / 2 – way valves are actuated. A single acting cylinder of 25 mm diameter is to emboss a metal plate only if two push buttons are pressed. As long as the two push buttons are activated, the cylinder is to remain in the position. If any of the two push buttons is released, the cylinder is to retract. The Diagram: Name: _________________________________ Score: __________________ Rank: _________________________________ Date: __________________ 3 3 ₁ 1 2 2

2 1 / 3

1

2 14 12

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Speed regulation on single – acting cylinder

The Problem:

The piston speed in a single – acting cylinder is to be adjustable for the advance movement. A single acting cylinder of 25 mm diameter is to clamp a component when a push button is pressed. The clamping should be adjustable. As long as the push button is activated, the cylinder is to remain in the position. If the push button is released, the clamp is to retract. The Diagram:

Name: _________________________________ Score: __________________ Rank: _________________________________ Date: __________________

1 3

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The Problem:

The piston speed in a single – acting cylinder is to be adjustable for the return movement. A single acting cylinder of 25 mm diameter is to emboss a metal plate when a push button is pressed. As long as the push button is activated, the cylinder is to remain in the position. If the push button is released, the cylinder is to retract slowly.

The Diagram: Name: _________________________________ Score: __________________ Rank: _________________________________ Date: __________________ 3 1 2

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The Problem:

The piston speed in a single – acting cylinder is to be adjustable and throttled separately for the advance and return movements. A single acting cylinder of 25 mm diameter is to clamp a component when a push button is pressed. The clamping should be adjustable. As long as the push button is activated, the cylinder is to remain in the position. If the push button is released, the clamp is to retract slowly.

The Diagram: Name: _________________________________ Score: __________________ Rank: _________________________________ Date: __________________ 2 3 1

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The Problem:

The return speed of a single – acting cylinder is to be increased by means of a quick exhaust valve. A single acting cylinder of 25 mm diameter is to emboss a metal plate when a push button is pressed. As long as the push button is activated, the cylinder is to remain in the position. If the push button is released, the cylinder is to retract very fast.

The Diagram:

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Control of double – acting cylinder

The Problem:

The piston rod of a double acting cylinder is to move out or in by switching a valve. A double acting cylinder of 25 mm diameter is to emboss a metal plate when a valve is switched. As long as the valve is activated, the cylinder is to remain in the position. If the valve is released, the cylinder is to retract.

The Diagram:

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Speed regulation on double – acting cylinder

The Problem:

The advance and return movement speeds of a double – acting cylinder are to be regulated. A double acting cylinder of 25 mm diameter is to clamp a component when a valve is activated. The clamping should be adjustable. As long as the valve is activated, the cylinder is to remain in the position. If the valve is released, the clamp is to retract slowly.

The Diagram:

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Speed regulation on double – acting cylinder

The Problem:

The advance movement speed of a double – acting cylinder is to increase. A double acting cylinder of 25 mm diameter is to emboss a component when a valve is activated. The embossing should be very fast to ensure clear markings. As long as the valve is activated, the cylinder is to remain in the position. If the valve is released, the cylinder is to retract.

The Diagram:

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Indirect control of a single – acting cylinder

The Problem:

A piston rod of a large – volume single – acting cylinder (large diameter, long stroke length, long lines, unequal pressure) is to move out after actuating a valve and return immediately to its end position after releasing this valve.

The Diagram:

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Indirect control of a double – acting cylinder

The Problem:

A piston rod of a large – volume double – acting cylinder (large diameter, long stroke length, long lines, unequal pressure) is to move out after actuating a valve and return immediately to its end position after releasing this valve.

The Diagram:

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The Problem:

The signals to extend and to retract the piston rod of a large – volume double – acting cylinder (large diameter, long stroke length, long lines, unequal pressure) are given from separate push buttons. The cylinder is to remain in the position indicated by the last signal, until an opposing signal is given.

The Diagram:

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The Problem:

The signal to extend the piston rod of a large – volume double acting cylinder is given by a push button. A sensor is used to indicate that the cylinder has reached the fully extended position.

Additional conditions:

(a) The cylinder must automatically retract once reached the fully extended position. (b) The extend and retract movement speed must be slow and adjustable.

The Diagram:

LS

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The Problem:

The signal to extend the piston rod of a large – volume double acting cylinder is given by a push button. Sensors are used to indicate that the cylinder has reached the fully extended and fully retracted positions.

(a) The cylinder must automatically retract once reached the fully extended position. (b) The extend and retract movement speed must be slow and adjustable.

(c) The cylinder must automatically repeat the cycle once reached the fully retracted position. (d) A valve is actuated to stop the cycle.

(e) The circuit must be so constructed that each time a start signal is given, a full cycle is completed. The Diagram: Name: _________________________________ Score: __________________ Rank: _________________________________ Date: __________________ LS 1 LS2 LS 1 LS 2

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Opening and closing of a pneumatic gate

The Problem:

A gate is to be controlled pneumatically. The Gate is to be opened or closed by means of four (4) push buttons “Open” and “Close”, two (2) being inside and two (2) outside. Opening and closing should be slow and separately adjustable.

The Diagram:

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Lever clamp with drill

The Problem:

The clamping of a work piece is to be controlled by a push button. A further push button is to control de – clamping.

(a) Clamping is only to be possible when a work piece is present. (b) The clamping speed is to be slow and adjustable.

(c) De – clamping is to be interlocked during drilling. (d) The drilling speed is to be slow and adjustable. (e) De – clamping is to be very fast.

The Drill Diagram:

Basic Pneumatics

Exercise No. 17

Drill Sensor

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Work Piece Sensor

l

Work Piece Sensor _{Drill Sensor} De - clamp

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Lifting device for boxes

The Problem: Conditions:

(a) The boxes arrive on a roller conveyor and are lifted by cylinder 1.0. (b) Cylinder 2.0 pushes the boxes onto the second roller conveyor.

(c) Cylinder 1.0 shall not return until cylinder 2.0 has reached the extended position. (d) Cylinder 2.0 shall not return until cylinder 1.0 has reached the retracted position.

(e) The extend and retract movement speed of cylinder 1.0 and 2.0 must be slow and adjustable

(f) The sequence cannot be repeated until cylinder 2.0 reached the retracted position. The Diagram: Name: _________________________________ Score: __________________ Rank: _________________________________ Date: __________________ 1.2 1.3 2.2 2.3 1.4 1.1 2.1 1.0 2.0 2.3 2.2 1.4 1.3

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Lifting device for boxes 2

The Problem: Conditions:

(a) The boxes arrive on a roller conveyor and are lifted by cylinder 1.0. (b) Cylinder 2.0 pushes the boxes onto the second roller conveyor.

(c) Cylinder 2.0 shall not return until cylinder 1.0 has reached the retracted position. (d) The sequence will be repeated once cylinder 2.0 reached the retracted position. (e) A valve is used to stop the sequence always in a complete cycle.

(f) The extend and retract movement speed of cylinder 1.0 and 2.0 must be slow and adjustable. The Diagram: Name: _________________________________ Score: __________________ Rank: _________________________________ Date: __________________ 1.4 1.2 1.5 1.6 1.3 1.1 1.0 2.0 2.2 2.3 2.1 1.3 1.4 2.3 2.2

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Bending tool

The Problem:

Sheet metal is to be beaded on a pneumatically actuated bending rig. After it has been clamped, the piece is initially bent by a double – acting cylinder 1.0 and subsequently bent into the finished form by cylinder 2.0 (for 5 seconds). The sequence is initiated manually by push button. The Diagram: Name: _________________________________ Score: __________________ Rank: _________________________________ Date: __________________ 1.0 2.0 1.1 2.1 1.2 1.3 _2.2 2.3 2.2 1.3 2.3

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Cutting device

The Problem:

Using a cutting device, sheets of papers are to be cut in size.

To ensure safety, the cutting device is only to extend if the protective guard is closed which actuates switch S1 and the start button switch S2 Is operated.

If either of these conditions is not met, the cutting device is to retract immediately. A single solenoid valve with spring return operates the cylinder piston rod.

The Diagram: Name: _________________________________ Score: __________________ Rank: _________________________________ Date: __________________ Pneumatic: Electric: S₁ S₂ Y K K 3 4 3 4 13 14 A₁ A₂ _A 2 A₁ Y

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Swivel Bridge

The Problem:

A swivel bridge is bought into desired position by means of a double – acting cylinder. The piston rod of a double – acting cylinder is to extend when a push button switch is actuated. The cylinder is to remain extended until a second switch is actuated and only if the first switch has been released. The cylinder is to then return to the initial position. The cylinder is to remain in the initial position until a new start signal is given. The speed of the cylinder is to be adjustable in both directions of travel.

The Diagram: Name: _________________________________ Score: __________________ Rank: _________________________________ Date: __________________ Y₂ Y₁ Y₂ Y₁ K₂ K₁ K₂ K₁ S₂ S₁ A₂ A₂ A₂ A₂ A₁ A₁ A₁ A₁ 13 13 14 14 3 3 4 4

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Coordinated motion

The Problem:

Two cylinders are used to transfer parts from a magazine onto a chute. When a push button is pressed, cylinder 1.0 extends, pushing the part from the magazine and positions it in preparation for transfer by cylinder 2.0 onto the out feed chute. Once the part is transferred, the first cylinder retracts, followed by the second. The speed of both cylinders is to be adjustable. Confirmation of all extended and retracted positions is required.

The Diagram:

Electro – Pneumatics

Exercise No. 4

Y₂ Y₁ Y₃ Y₄ LS₁ LS₂ LS₃ LS₄ Pneumatic 2.0 1.0

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Name: _________________________________ Score: __________________ Rank: _________________________________ Date: __________________ S₁ LS₃ LS₂ LS₄ _LS 1 K₁ K₂ 3 4 4 3 3 3 3 4 4 4 A₁ A₂ A₁ A₂ A₁ A₂ A₁ A₂ K₃ K₄ K₁ Y₁ Y₃ 13 14 14 13 Electric: Power Circuit

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13 13

Y₂ Y₄

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Embossing device

The Problem:

Plastic parts are manually placed in a holder. A pneumatic cylinder pushes the holder under an embossing cylinder 2.0 (B). This cylinder embosses names in the plastic. After embossing, the cylinder 2.0 (B) returns immediately to its initial position. Only then does cylinder 1.0 (A) return. The Diagram: Y₂ Y₁ Y₃ Y₄ LS₁ LS₂ LS₃ LS₄ Pneumatic 2.0 1.0

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Embossing device K₂ K₂ K₂ K₁ K₃ K₄ K₅ 8 K₁ K₅ K₃ K₄ K₁ K₃ K₄ S₀ _LS 2 LS4 LS3 LS1

Electric: Control Circuit

K₁ K₄ K₂ K₃

K₃ K₄

Y₁ Y₂ Y₃ Y₄