Health Informatics for Medical Librarians
Ana D. Cleveland and Donald B. Cleveland
Table of Contents
List of TablesList of Sidebars Preface
Acknowledgments
Part I: Understanding Health Informatics
Chapter 1: Introduction and OverviewUbiquitous Need for Health Information
Relationship of Healthcare and Information The Ubiquity of Healthcare Information Understanding the Information Problem The Nature of Information
What is Health Informatics?
Health Informatics as a Discipline Health Informatics as a Profession
The Vital Role of Health Information Technology
Background of Health and Computers
The Challenges in Information Technology in Healthcare Information Technology and People
The Extent of Health Informatics Applications
Summary References
Chapter 2: The Environment of Modern Medicine
The Universality of Healthcare New Healthcare Paradigm Structure of the Healthcare System
Types of Services Paying for Healthcare The People in Healthcare
Physicians Hospitalists
Biomedical Engineers Chiropractors
Clinical Laboratory Technologists Dentists
Dental Assistants Dental Hygienists Health Informationists
Licensed Practical/Vocational Nurses Nurse Practitioners
Comment [MSW1]: Note – This heading needs to be input/placed in the chapter itself.
Paramedics Pharmacists Physician Assistants Registered Nurses Veterinarians Medical Research Recent Trends
Group Medical Practice Managed Care
Role of the Patient Outpatient Care Long-term Care
Complementary and Alternative Medicine (CAM) Uninsured Populace
The Internet and Integrated Medical Information Systems Health Informatics Skills and Competencies in the 21st Century Summary
References
Chapter 3: Informatics Impacting Modern Healthcare
Medical Decision-making
The Nature and Importance of Medical Data Desirable Characteristics of Medical Data
Data Gathering Documentation
Data for Documentation of Healthcare Operations From Data to Information
The Medical Decision-making Process
Examples of the Impact of Health Informatics
Changes in Patient Care The People Factor
The Rise of Evidence-Based Medicine (EBM) Telehealth and Access to Healthcare
Summary References
Chapter 4: Major Applications Areas
Direct Patient Care Informatics Primary Care Informatics Nursing Informatics Dental Informatics Behavioral Informatics Public Health Informatics Veterinary Informatics Bioinformatics Support Services Informatics
Pathology Informatics Laboratory Informatics Medical Imaging Informatics Consumer Health Informatics Summary
References
Chapter 5: Health Sciences Librarians and Health Informatics
Health Science Libraries
The Leadership of the U.S. National Library of Medicine (NLM) Impacts and Changes in Health Sciences Libraries
Changing Healthcare Environments
Impact of Computers and Related Information Technologies The Medical Library Assistance Act (MLAA)
Information Needs and Searching Behavior of Healthcare Providers Intersections of Health Sciences Librarianship and Health Informatics
Common Intellectual Base and Operational Theorems New Roles and Opportunities
Health Information Technology (HIT) Management
Evidence-Based Medicine (EBM) and the Health Sciences Librarian Patient/Consumer Services
The Informationist
Education and Training for Health Sciences Librarians Health Sciences Librarians and a Relevant Research Agenda
Health Sciences Librarians and Research Research Partnerships with Health Informatics Summary
References
Part II: Mastering Health Informatics
Chapter 6: The Organization of Medical Knowledge
Organization of Knowledge
Knowledge Management and Health Information Medical Terminology
Definitions Medical Ontologies
Medical Classification and Coding
Classification and Coding Examples Registries
Registries Examples The Medical Literature
Medical Textbooks and Reference Tools Medical Journals
Trends and Prognosis for Biomedical Journals Bibliographic Control
Cataloging and Classification Subject Vocabularies The Indexing Function
Summary References
Chapter 7: Health Information Technology
Managing Healthcare Information with Technology
The Expectations of Healthcare Information Technology (HIT) Networking with Telecommunications
Medical Database Management
Database Management Systems (DBMS) Biomedical Databases
The Internet
Health Consumers and the Internet
Web-based Healthcare Information Systems Mobile, Wireless, and Wearable Technology Health Sciences Artificial Intelligence (AI)
Healthcare Artificial Intelligence Applications Virtual Reality (VR)
Connectivity and Interoperability
Summary References
Chapter 8: The Electronic Health Record
The Nature of Health Records
Problem-oriented Health Records Personal Health Records
The Electronic Health Record Definition
Need for the Electronic Health Record Universality of EHRs
Challenges
Electronic vs. Paper Patient Records Basic Electronic Health Record Functions The Ideal Electronic Health Record Selection of an EHR
User Interfaces
Implementation of the EHR Web-based Systems Issues and Caveats
Health Record Information Ownership
Trends and Potential of the Electronic Health Record A National Health Record
Opportunity for the Health Sciences Librarian Summary
References
Chapter 9: Healthcare Information Management Systems
Information Management
Correct Information at the Right Time
Complexity of Healthcare Information Systems Understanding Information Needs and Opportunities Information Resources Management (IRM)
Major Types of Health Information Systems Clinical Information Systems (CIS) Hospital Information Systems (HIS) Supportive Health Information Systems Healthcare Information System Analysis
Basic Rules for Acquiring an Information Management System Successful Information System Implementation
Evaluation of an Information System The Role of the Library
Summary References
Introduction
Medical Imaging Basics Digital Imaging Imaging and Medical Practice
Imaging Acquisition Modalities Major Uses of Imaging in Healthcare Managing Imaging Information
Image Manipulation Transporting Images
Image Organization, Storage, and Retrieval Image Indexing
Image Access Image Quality
Picture Archiving and Communication Systems (PACS) Emerging Imaging Technologies
Medical Images and the Health Sciences Librarian Summary
References
Chapter 11: Ethical and Legal Issues in Health Informatics
Ethics and Medicine
Concept of Professional Ethical Codes Ethics in the Practice of Medicine
Ethics in Medical Research Ethics and Informatics
Medical Legal Issues
Informed Consent Information Ownership Negligence (Malpractice) Product Liability
Fraud and Abuse
Privacy and Confidentiality Issues Secondary Use of Patient Data Health Grid Computing
Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA) USA PATRIOT Act and Medical Privacy
Issues for Health Sciences Librarians Summary
References
Chapter 12: Bioinformatics and Genomic Medicine
Defining Bioinformatics Areas of Bioinformatics Study
Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA): The Information Key to Life Genes and Genetics
Genome Mapping
The Human Genome Project (HGP) Stem Cell Research
Gene Testing
Genetic Engineering and Cloning Genomic Databases
Bioinformatics Applications Genomic Medicine
Personalized Medicine Societal Concerns Impact and Hopes
Role of the Health Information Professional Summary
References
Chapter 13: The Age of Health Informatics
Education, Research, and Career Paths Educational Pathways
Continuing Education (CE) Health Informatics Research Career Opportunities Professional Associations
Advances in Health Informatics Technologies Medical Informatics and an Innovative Internet Emerging Health Informatics Specialties A Final Word
References
