Full Documentation Fiche 2011
composed by national/regional working party of: Brazil
0. Picture of building/ group of buildings/ urban scheme/ landscape/ garden depicted item:source: Revista Paulista de Hospitais. date: 1954
View of the footbridges
Source: ANELLI, R.; GUERRA, A, 2001 Date: Ca. 1950
Plan of the First Floor
Plan of the transversal section
Source: ANELLI, R.; GUERRA, A, 2001 Date: 1953
1. Identity of building/ group of buildings/ group of buildings/
landscape/
garden
1. 1 Data for identification
current name: Hospital A C Camargo/Fundação Antonio Prudente former/original/variant name: Hospital do Câncer
number(s) and name(s) of street(s): R. Professor Antônio Prudente, 211 town: São Paulo
province/state: São Paulo post code: 01509 - 010 blockk:
lot:
country: Brazil
national topographical grid reference: current typology: Hospital
former/original/variant typology: Polyblock hospital
comments on typology: the hospitals have standardized floor plans, high-rise tower, undecorated facades, flat roofs, vertical circulation and controlled ventilation.
1. 2 Status of protection
protected by: CONDEPHAAT. Processo (in study) nº SC33.187/95 grade: in study
date: 20/07/2000
valid for: part (original building) remarks:
1. 3 Visually or functionally related building(s)/site(s)
name(s) of surrounding area/building(s):
visual relations: The block annex was built between 1973 and 1983 which caused loss of visuality to the original building
functional relations: other relations:
2. History of building(s) etc.
2. 1 Chronology
Note if the dates are exactly known (e) or approximately estimated = circa (c) or (±)
commission or competition date: design period(s): 1947
start of site work: 1948
completion/inauguration: 1953 2. 2 Summary of development commission brief: design brief: building/construction: completed situation:
2. 3 Relevant persons/organisations
original owner(s)/patron(s): Fundação Antonio Prudente architect(s): Rino Levi and Roberto Cerqueira Cesar landscape/garden designer(s):
other designer(s): consulting engineer(s): building contractor(s):
2. 4 Other persons or events associated with the building(s)/site
name(s): association: event(s): period:
2. 5 Summary of important changes after completion
type of change: alteration/renovation/restoration/extension/other: extension date(s): 1973-1983
circumstances/reasons for change: The construction of a forth block caused an extension of the hospital original project.
effects of changes: loss of visuality of the original building persons/organisations involved: Fundação Antonio Prudente
3. Description of building(s) etc.
3. 1 Site/building character
Summarize main character and give notes on surviving site/building(s)/part(s) of area.
If a building: main features, construction and materials.
The original project was composed by three interconnected blocks, implanted in a decreasing way along a slope ground, ensuring proper ventilation and illumination to each building of the assemble. The major block – a blade building 10 floors high situated near the main street – was projected turned to northeast to allocate the enfermary rooms. The second one, with 4 floors, concentrated all the outpatient services (clinnics, laboratories, surgery, radiology, radioterapy) in his two wide last floors. The project included a third block, with two floors, made to house accomodations for doctors and nurses.
3. 2 Current use
of whole building/site: hospital
of principal components (if applicable): comments:
3. 3 Present (physical) condition
of whole building/site: good
of principal components (if applicable): of other elements (if applicable): of surrounding area (if applicable): comments:
Indicate, if known, potential developments relevant for the conservation/threats of the building/site
4. Evaluation
Give the scientific reasons for selection for docomomo documentation
Intrinsic value
4. 1 technical evaluation: The space distribution provided by the project turns more clear the Rino Levi (1901-1965) and Roberto Cerqueira Cesar´s (1917-2001) woories with questions related to circulation, considered by them the most complex problem to be resolved in a hospital project. The circulation scheme for a non-constructed maternity (Clinics Hospital for Women) was published in the Ernst Neufert´s book, Architects' Data (in german: Bauentwurfslehre and in portuguese: A Arte de Projetar em Arquitetura), by the portuguese 1981 edition. This project is the only referency of a brazilian project in the hole book. In the major block vertical circulation it were used elevators with a system that permitted a directed deslocation, which was considered a innovation at the time that garrantied the otimization of the equipments uses.
To keep the flexibility of the internal spaces it was adopted light walls composed by divisories, smooth lining, modulations opennings and continuous air chambers between the slabs of the floor and the ceiling. To resolve the ventillation and illumination necessities sheds were used. The two major blocks are connected by suspended ramps, wich dispense the use of elevators.
4. 2 social evaluation: The construction of this hospital is connected to the brazilian health policies of the 1940´s, during Getulio Vargas government (1930-1945). In 1940 it was created in São Paulo the Cancer institute and in the next year the National Cancer Service putting toghether regional and federal govern health departments in both preventive and curative actions turned to control the disease. Since the first years the hospital was intended for prevention, diagnosis, treatment, research and aducation about cancer.
4. 3 cultural and aesthetic evaluation: Rino Levi asserted that hospital projects in the modern times should get away from pre-stablished forms. His projetc to the A.C. Camargo Hospital (the Cancer Hospital) should run away from everything that has been built since them. It became his first hospital constructed. The adoption of a constructive system from the modern repertoire, with indepedent reinforced concrete structure, garantied internal and free adoption of different solutions for the facades. The main facade, turned to the main street (southeast orientation) received two lines of small windows in each floor. On the other hand, the northeast facades were projected with wide windows protected by an assemble of brises-soleil fix and movable, forming an ortogonal grid. The existance of interfloors favored the flexibility of the internal spaces for the passage of building facilities and the use of light internal partition walls.
4. 4 canonical status (local, national, international): National
4. 5 historic and reference values: One the most importants examples of modern archicteture for hospitals in São Paulo, projected by Rino Levi, one the most importants brazilian modern architetcts.
5. Documentation
5. 1 archives/written records/correspondence etc. (state location/ address): 5. 2 principal publications (in chronological order):
DIAS DE GLÓRIA NOS ANAIS DA APCC: a inauguração do Instituto Central Hospital Antonio C. Camargo. Folha da Manhã, 24 april 1953.
INSTITUTO CENTRAL DO CANCER, SÃO PAULO. Habitat, São Paulo, nº 13, 1953.
INSTITUTO DE ARQUITETOS DO BRASIL. Planejamento de hospitais. São Paulo: FSP/USP, 1954.
BRESIL. HOSPITAL A. C. DE CAMARGO A SÃO PAULO. Architecture d’Aujourd’hui, Boulogne, nº 53-54, fev/avr. 1954, p.84.
PEDROSO, O. & CARVALHO, L.F. Seguimento em câncer. Revista Paulista de Hospitais, São Paulo, 2(9):15-18, set. 1954.
LEVI, R. Rino Levi. Introdução: Roberto Burle Marx; Nestor Goulart Reis Filho. Milano: Communità, 1974.
BRUAND, Y. Arquitetura contemporânea no Brasil. S. Paulo: Perspectiva, 1981. NEUFERT, Ernst. A arte de projetar em arquitetura. 7ª ed. São Paulo, Gustavo Gilli, 1981.
ANELLI, R.; GUERRA, A.; KON, N. Rino Levi - arquitetura e cidade. São Paulo: Romano Guerra Editora, 2001.
PORTO, Ângela et al. História da saúde no Rio de Janeiro: instituições e patrimônio arquitetônico – Rio de Janeiro (1808-1958). Rio de Janeiro: Editora Fiocruz; 2008.
MOTT, Maria Lucia e SANGLARD, Gisele. História da Saúde em São Paulo. Instituições e patrimônio arquitetônico (1808-1958). Editora Manole / Editora Fiocruz. Barueri, 2011.
5. 3 visual material (state location/ address)
original visual records/drawings/photographs/others: recent photographs and survey drawings:
film/video/other sources:
5. 4 list documents included in supplementary dossier
6. Fiche report
name of reporter: Ana Amora, Inês Andrade and Renato Gama-Rosa
address:Docomomo Rio - Faculdade de Arquitetura e Urbanismo da UFRJ. Prédio da Reitoria, Cidade Universitária ; Av. Brigadeiro Trompowsky s/n°, 4° andar, sala 433 ;Ilha do Fundão. Cep: 21941-590. Rio de Janeiro, Brasil telephone: (+ 55 21) 25981661
fax: (+ 55 21) 25981662
e-mail: [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected]; date of report: December, 2011
examination by DOCOMOMO national/regional section
sign and date:
__________________________________________
examination by DOCOMOMO ISC/R
name of ISC member in charge of the evaluation: comment(s):
sign and date: ISC/R approval: date:
working party/ref. n° : NAi ref. n°:
