Chap 1 Introduction to EMS (1)

(1)

CHAPTER

Introduction to EMS Systems

(2)

1. Define the following terms:

a.

Advanced Emergency Medical Technician

(AEMT)

b.

Continuous Quality Improvement (CQI)

c.

Disaster Medical Assistance Team (DMAT)

d.

Emergency care

e.

Emergency Medical Dispatcher (EMD)

f.

Emergency Medical Responder (EMR)

g.

Emergency Medical Services (EMS)

system

h.

Emergency Medical Technician (EMT)

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(3)

1. Define the following terms:

i.

Medical direction

j.

Medical Director

k.

National EMS Education Standards

l.

Off-line medical direction

m.

On-line medical direction

n.

Paramedic

o.

Protocols

p.

Public health system

q.

Public Safety Answering Point (PSAP)

r.

Research

s.

Scope of practice

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(4)

1. Define the following terms:

t.

Scope of Practice Model

u.

Specialty hospital

v.

Standing order

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(5)

2. Explain the role of the National

Highway Traffic Safety Administration

(NHTSA) and its relationship to EMS.

3. Explain the role that the National EMS

Education Standards and the National

Scope of Practice Model play in

shaping EMS around the country.

4. Differentiate the various EMS models

in practice around the United States.

5. Differentiate the various components

of an EMS system and describe the

function of each.

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(6)

6. Explain the role that state EMS offices,

medical oversight, and local

credentialing play in an EMS system.

7. Differentiate the four levels of EMS

provider.

8. Explain the various methods used to

access the EMS system.

9. Explain the various types of medical

direction and how the Emergency

Medical Responder might interact with

each.

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(7)

10. Differentiate the roles and

responsibilities of the Emergency

Medical Responder from other EMS

providers.

11. Describe the characteristics of

professionalism as they relate to the

EMS provider.

12. Explain the role of the Emergency

Medical Responder with regards to

Continuous Quality Improvement

(CQI).

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(8)

13. Explain how state/region specific

statutes and regulations affect how

an Emergency Medical Responder

might function.

14.Explain the role of public health

systems and their relationship to EMS,

disease surveillance, and injury

prevention.

15.Explain the role that Disaster Medical

Assistance Teams (DMAT) play and

how they integrate with EMS systems.

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(9)

16.Explain the role that research plays in

EMS and the ways that an Emergency

Medical Responder might identify and

support research.

17.Participate in simple research

activities facilitated by the instructor.

18.Value the importance of accepting and

upholding the responsibilities of an

Emergency Medical Responder.

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(10)

19.Support the rationale for always

maintaining a high degree of

professionalism when performing the

duties of an Emergency Medical

Responder.

20.Value the importance of providing the

best possible care for all patients

regardless of cultural, gender, age, or

socioeconomic status.

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(11)

21.Model a desire for Continuous Quality

Improvement (CQI) both personally

and professionally.

22.Value the importance of quality

research and its connection to good

patient care.

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(12)

Topics

• _{The EMS System}

• _{The Emergency Medical Responder}

• _{The Role of the Public Health System}

• _{Disaster Assistance}

• _{The Role of Research in EMS}

(13)

(14)

The EMS System

• _{Timeline of formal system for}

responding to emergencies

• _{American Civil War “corpsmen” trained}

(15)

EMS Timeline

(16)

(17)

The EMS System

• _{Injured transported by horse-drawn}

carriage; first formal ambulance system

in United States.

• _{Emergency Medical Services (EMS)}

system: chain of human resources and

services linked together to provide

(18)

(19)

The EMS System

• _{NHTSA components of EMS system}

–

Regulation and policy

–

Resource management

–

Human resources and training

–

Transportation

–

Facilities

–

Communications

(20)

The EMS System

• _{NHTSA components of EMS system}

–

Public information and education

–

Medical direction

–

Trauma systems

(21)

The Emergency Medical Dispatcher allocates resources.

(22)

(23)

(24)

(25)

The EMS System

• _{Scope of practice model: national}

model defining scope of care for all

levels of EMS training.

• _{National EMS education standards:}

education and training standards

(26)

(27)

The EMS System

• _{Emergency Medical Responder (EMR):}

(28)

The EMS System

• _{EMS Models}

–

Fire-based: services and infrastructure

operated by local fire department or

consortium

–

Third-service: operated by non-fire

government or privately owned ambulance

services

(29)

The EMS System

• _{Scope of Practice}

–

Identifies duties and skills EMS provider is

legally allowed to perform

–

Defined by state and/or regional statutes

and regulations

(30)

The EMS System

• _{Activating the EMS System}

–

EMS system must be activated

–

911 call to emergency dispatcher who

sends responders

–

Caller may need to dial seven-digit number

for ambulance, fire, police, or rescue

personnel

(31)

The EMS System

• _{Activating the EMS System}

–

Most desirable 911 service is enhanced 911

system

–

Enables communications center to

automatically receive caller information

(32)

The EMS System

• _{Activating the EMS System}

–

911 calls automatically directed to public

safety answering point (PSAP)

–

Emergency Medical Dispatchers (EMDs)

receive special training and provide

prearrival instructions to callers

(33)

The EMS System

• _{Activating the EMS System}

–

Resources dispatched

–

EMS personnel provide care at scene and

during transport

(34)

The EMS System

• _{In-Hospital Care System}

–

Most patients taken to hospital emergency

department

–

Patient transferred to appropriate

in-hospital resources

(35)

The EMS System

• _{Medical Direction}

–

EMS Medical Director: assumes

responsibility for direction and oversight of

all patient care.

–

EMRs act as designated agents of Medical

Director

–

EMS provides standing orders in form of

protocols; authorizes rescuers to perform

skills in specific situations

(36)

The EMS System

• _{Medical Direction}

–

Off-line medical direction:

behind-the-scenes

–

On-line medical direction: orders from

medical direction given by radio or phone

(37)

Emergency Care, Twelfth Edition

Daniel J. Limmer • O’Keefe • Grant • Murray • Bergeron • Dickinson

Emergency Medical Responder: First on Scene, Ninth Edition Le Baudour • Bergeron • Wesley

(38)

(39)

The Emergency Medical Responder

• _{EMRs have completed an Emergency}

Medical Responder course.

• _{EMRs are trained to:}

–

Reach patients

–

Find out what is wrong

–

Provide emergency care

–

Move patients without causing further

(40)

(41)

They may be firefighter volunteers.

(42)

(43)

Emergency Medical Responders are also rescue team specialists for specific

disciplines, such as hazardous materials, confined space, swift water, ice,

(44)

The Emergency Medical Responder

• _{Roles and Responsibilities}

–

Primary concern: personal safety

–

Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)



Disposable protective gloves



Barrier devices

(45)

The Emergency Medical Responder

• _{Patient-related duties}

–

Size-up scene: first concern, even before

patient care

–

Determine patient's chief complaint

–

Lift, move, or reposition patient only when

necessary

–

Transfer patient and patient information

(46)

The Emergency Medical Responder

• _{Patient-related duties}

–

Protect patient's privacy

–

Maintain confidentiality

(47)

(48)

(49)

The Emergency Medical Responder

• _Traits

–

Keep emergency care skills sharp and

current.

–

Be willing to deal with people.

–

Respect others.

–

Acceptance of patient's rights.

–

Be honest and realistic.

–

Be tactful.

(50)

The Emergency Medical Responder

• _Traits

–

Learn how to care for patients while

controlling emotional reactions.

–

Maintain focus on patient; avoid

unnecessary distractions.

–

Admit stress to emergency scenes will

affect you.

–

Keep uniform neat and clean.

(51)

(52)

The Emergency Medical Responder

• _Skills

–

Required to perform certain skills as part of

EMR training

(53)

The Emergency Medical Responder

• _{Equipment, Tools, and Supplies}

–

Specialized kits for trauma and medical

emergencies and childbirth

–

Blood pressure cuff, stethoscope,

(54)

The Emergency Medical Responder

• _{Continuous Quality Improvement}

–

Continuous improvement in quality of

product or service being delivered.

–

EMS product is patient care.

–

Every component within a system can be

improved.

–

Submit accurate, complete patient care

(55)

(56)

THE ROLE OF THE

(57)

The Role of the

Public Health System

• _{Ensure quality of life by:}

–

Monitoring health of population

–

Providing health care

–

Educating community about disease and

injury prevention

–

Advancing population-based health

(58)

(59)

(60)

Disaster Assistance

• _{Disaster Medical Assistance Team}

(DMAT): specialized teams designed to

provide medical care following disaster

–

Deployed on moment's notice if disaster

(61)

(62)

(63)

The Role of Research in EMS

• _{Research is systematic investigation to}

establish facts.

• _{Organizations gather and verify}

research that defines how EMS

(64)

(65)

(66)

Advances in Technology

• _{GPS installation in public safety}

vehicles (police cars, fire engines,

ambulances)

–

Allows easy navigation to location of

emergency, reducing response time

(67)

(68)

(69)

(70)

Summary

• _{Four Levels of EMS Training:}

–

Emergency Medical Responder (EMR)

–

Emergency Medical Technician (EMT)

–

Advanced Emergency Medical Technician

(AEMT)

–

Paramedic

(71)

Summary

• _{EMS personnel dispatched to scene of}

emergency when dispatcher receives

emergency call.

• _{Every EMS system required to}

designate medical director.

• _{Emergency Medical Responder's}

primary responsibility is personal

safety.

(72)

Summary

• _{EMR's Main Duties}

–

Scene safety

–

Gaining access to patient

–

Assessing patient; providing emergency

care

–

Moving patients; transferring care to more

highly trained personnel

–

Protecting patient's privacy

–

Being patient's advocate

(73)

Summary

• _{Emergency Medical Responders}

–

Have a duty to maintain skills

–

Keep up-to-date with the latest trends and

research

–

Maintain a professional demeanor at all

times

(74)

Summary

• _{Emergency Medical Responder}

–

Plays an important part in quality of

system

–

May participate in specific duties related to

CQI process

(75)

Summary

• _{Emergency Medical Responders have a}

duty to stay informed about latest

research findings.

(76)

(77)

1. Describe the various EMS models.

2. Differentiate the four levels of EMS

provider.

3. Differentiate between off-line medical

direction and on-line medical

direction.

4. Differentiate the various components

of an EMS system and describe the

function of each.

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(78)

5. Explain how state/region specific

statutes and regulations affect how an

Emergency Medical Responder might

function.

6. Describe the characteristics of

professionalism as they relate to the

EMS provider.

7. Explain the role of the Emergency

Medical Responder with regards to

continuous quality improvement

(CQI).

R

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on

(79)

8. Explain the role of public health

systems and their relationship to EMS,

disease surveillance, and injury

prevention.

9. Explain the role that Disaster Medical

Assistance Teams (DMAT) play and

how they integrate with EMS systems.

10.Explain the role that research plays in

EMS and the ways that an Emergency

Medical Responder might identify and

support research.

R

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ue

sti

on

(80)

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