Biofilter for Odour Control

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ODOUR CONTROL

INTRODUCTION

INTRODUCTION

 H

 H₂₂S isS is highly toxic, odorous and poisonoushighly toxic, odorous and poisonous

It is produced from It is produced from



 _{Petroleum refiningPetroleum refining}



_{Waste water treatmentWaste water treatment}



_{Paper and pupl manufacturingPaper and pupl manufacturing}



 H₂S removal is crucial in every odour

abatement

_{Several chemical and physical process are}

used for removal !hey are less effective and more expensive

Why Bioflter ?????

It uses microorganisms to remove undesirable components

_{"ow operation cost}

_{"ow maintenance re#uirement} _{"ow energy re#uirement}

LITERATURE REVIEW

_{“Performance of Biofilter for the Removal of Hydrogen}

 Sulphide Odour”; %ehman, & ' , Faroo#i I H and (yub S

In this paper laboratory scale experiments were performed to evaluate the feasibility of biofilters for the removal of H2S from wastewater treatment plant

waste air )ompost was used as media in biofilter )arried out in six different  phases, by increasing H2S concentrations gradually It was concluded that the

 biofilter, used in the study, was more efficient for low contaminant concentrations 

_{“Biofiltration: An Innovative Air Pollution ontrol}

!echnology "or #O $mi%%ion%”; _{*ero "eson and (rthur}

+ Winer 

Thi !"!er #ie$ the hitory "%& '(rre%t t"t( o) *iofltr"tio%+ o(tli%e it (%&erlyi%, 'ie%tif' "%& e%,i%eeri%, !ri%'i!le+ "%& &i'(e the "!!li'"*ility o) *ioflter )or " $i&e r"%,e o) !e'if' e-iio% o(r'e .

_{“&icro'ial 'iofiltration technology for odour a'atement”;}

Sonil $anda, Praash -umar Sarangi and .ayanthi (braham

!his report describes the generation of odorants from different sources and their possible degradation by suitable microbial cultures In addition, comparisons among physiochemical and  biological methods for odour abatement have been discussed  $evertheless, the type of biofilter, its pacing material and other reaction conditions for an effective biofiltration have also been considered

OBECTIVE

_{!o design a biofilter and determine}

operational parameters necessary to optimi/e the performance

_{(lso to study the effect of operational}

ETODOLO67

Schematic representation of an open single0  bed biofilter system

A typical biofilter configuration

 _{Water sprinler system to apply moisture directly to}

the filter media surface

_{!he typical depth of biofilter media is 1 m}

_{+any different media types include soil, compost,}

sand, shredded bar, peat, heather, volcanic ash, and a mixture of these components 

_{!he growth and activities of the microorganisms is}

dependent on

• absence of toxic materials

•  ample inorganic nutrients

•  optimum moisture conditions,

•  appropriate temperatures

ECANI

(s odorous gas passes through biofilter 2  processes occur simultaneously

_{Sorption  (dsorption 3 (bsorption4} _{5io conversion}

Organic Pollutant + O2 ─> CO2 + H2O

DEI6N :ARAETER

!he depending factors in the biofilter design are 6

_{7olumetric flow rate of air to be treated}

_{Specific air contaminants and their concentration}

_{+edia characteristics}

_{5iofilter si/e}

_{+oisture control}

_+aintainence

AIR ;LOW RATE

_{"iterature values for biofilter airflows}

range from 8889 to 88829m:s and are typically 8819 to 882 m:s

EDIA CARACTERITIC

)ritical properties of media material include6

_Porosity

_{+oisture holding capacity}  _{$utrient content}

EDIA CARACTERITIC

;rganic mixture for odour removal  biofilters ranges from approximately

<86=8 to 98698 ratio by weight of compost to wood chips

BIO;ILTER I<E

!he depth of filter med is ept as 1 meter 

_{>xcessive depth results in excessive}

 pressure drop

E:T7 BED REIDENCE TIE

= EBRT>

 _{!ime that the air is in contact with biofilter}

media

_{!aen as =02< seconds }

_{5eyond 2< seconds there is no apparent effect}

_{>5)!? 7olume of media:(irflow rate}

_{!he actual contact time is usually less than}

OITURE CONTENT

Inade#uate moisture

_{(llow the media to dry out} _{@eactivate the microbes}

 _{)reate cracs and channelling of air}

OITURE CONTENT

!oo much moisture cause

 _)hannelling

_{"imit oxygen flow}

OITURE CONTENT

 %ecommended moisture content for

 biofilters range from A80B9C wet basis

_{;ptimal moisture content is 980B9C}

_{+oisture content C4 ? mass of water4:}

 TE:ERATURE

_{+icroorganisms tolerate a temperature}

CONTROL O; !

_{!he pH in compost filters is typically}

 between= and 

In some cases the biodegradation of air

 pollutants can generate acidic by0products %educes filterGs removal efficiency

AINTAINENCE

@ifferent areas that re#uire maintenance are

_{+oisture content} _Weeds

_%odents

COT

_{)ost for installation of fans, media}

ductwor ,plenum and labour to construct

 _{+aintenance cost} _{;peration cost}

 DEI6N TE:

For given airflow rate and >5%!

+edia 7olume 7_m 4 ? (ir flow rate

4 x >5%! J : B8

If area is not limited select a suitable depth @_m

DEI6N TE:

_{'nit Pressure @rop}

'P@4 ? 2 x  C of 7oids 4 x 'nit air flow rate

!otal Pressure @rop ? 'P@ x @_m

>xpected !otal pressure drop and (ir flow rate can be used to select exhaust fan

RE;ERENCE

() “Performance of Biofilter for the Removal of Hydrogen

 Sulphide Odour”; %ehman, & ' , Faroo#i I H and (yub

S, Int . >n viron %es, <A469<=09AA, (utumn 288E ISS$6 1=<90BB9

*) “&icro'ial 'iofiltration technology for odour a'atement”;

Sonil $anda, Praash -umar Sarangi and .ayanthi (braham, .ournal of Soil Science and >nvironmental +anagement 7ol <24, pp 20<9, February 2812

< “Biofiltration: An Innovative Air Pollution ontrol !echnology "or #O $mi%%ion%”; _{*ero "eson}

and (rthur + Winer, .ournal of the (ir and Waste +anagement (ssociation, 7ol A1 no , (ugust 1EE1

A K Biofiltration : An $merging !echnology”; )arlos%Soccel , Indian .ournal of