Windows PowerShell. 3.0 Step by Step. Ed Wilson

(1)

Windows

PowerShell

3.0

_{Step by Step}

(2)

Chapter

1

Overview

of

Windows PowerShell 3.0

1

Understanding

Windows PowerShell 1

Using

cmdlets 3

Installing

Deploying

Windows PowerShelltodown-level

operating

systems 4

Using

command-line utilities 5

Security

issues with WindowsPowerShell 6

Controlling

execution of PowerShell cmdlets 7

Confirming

actions 8

Suspending

confirmation of cmdlets 9

Working

with Windows PowerShell 10

Accessing

Configuring

the Windows PowerShell console 11

Supplying options

forcmdlets 12

Working

with the

_{help options}

13

Exploring

commands:

_step-by-step

exercises 19

Chapter

1

_quick

reference 22

What do you think of thisbook?We want to hear fromyou!

Microsoft is interested inhearingyourfeedbackso we cancontinuallyimproveour books andlearningresourcesforyou. Toparticipateinabrief online survey,pleasevisit:

(3)

Chapter

2

_Using

Windows PowerShell Cmdlets

23 Understanding

the basics of cmdlets 23

Using

the Get-Childltem cmdlet 24

Obtaining

a

directory listing

24

Formatting

a

directory listing using

the Format-List cmdlet 26

Using

theFormat-Wide cmdlet 27

Formatting

a

directory listing using

Format-Table 29

Formatting

outputwith Out-GridView 31

Leveraging

the _powerof Get-Command 36

Searching

for cmdlets

_using

wildcard characters 36

Using the Get-Member cmdlet 44

Using

the Get-Member cmdletto examine

_properties

and methods 44

Using

the

_New-Object

cmdlet 50

Creating

and

_Using

the wshShell

_Object

50

Using

theShow-Commandcmdlet 52 Windows PowerShell cmdlet

_{naming helps}

_{you learn} 54

Windows PowerShell verb _grouping 54

Windows PowerShell verb distribution 55

Creating

aWindows PowerShell

profile

57

Finding

all aliases fora

particular object

59

Working

with cmdlets:

_step-by-step

exercises 59

Chapter

2

_quick

reference 63

Chapter

3

_{Understanding}

and

_Using

PowerShell Providers

65 Understanding

PowerShell

_providers

65

Understanding

the alias

provider

66

Understanding

the certificate

_provider

68

Understanding

the environment

_provider

76

Understanding

the

_{filesystem provider}

80

Understanding

the function

_provider

85

(4)

Using

the

_{registry provider}

to _{manage the Windows}

_registry

87

Thetwo

_registry

drives 87

Understanding

the variable

_provider

97

Exploring

PowerShell

_{providers: step-by-step}

exercises 101

Chapter

3

_quick

reference 106

Chapter

4 _Using

PowerShell

_Remoting

and Jobs 107

Understanding

Windows PowerShell

_remoting

107

Classic _remoting 107

WinRM 112

Using

Windows PowerShell

_jobs

119

Using

Windows PowerShell

_{remoting: step-by-step}

exercises 127

Chapter

4

_quick

reference 130

Chapter

5

_Using

PowerShell

_Scripts

131 Why

write WindowsPowerShell scripts? 131

Scripting

fundamentals 133

Running

Windows PowerShell

_scripts

133

Enabling

Windows PowerShell

_{scripting support}

134

Transitioning

from command lineto

_script

136

Running

Windows PowerShell

_scripts

138

Understanding

variables and constants 141

Useofconstants 146

Using

the Whilestatement 147

Constructing

the Whilestatement in PowerShell 148 A

_{practical example}

of

_using

the While statement 150

Using

special

features of Windows PowerShell 150

Using

the Do...Whilestatement 151

Using

the range

operator

152

Operating

over an_array 152

(5)

Using

the Do...Untilstatement 153

Comparing

the PowerShellDo...Untilstatement withVBScript.. .154

Using

the Windows PowerShell Dostatement 154

The For statement 156

Using

the For statement 156

Using

the Foreachstatement 158

Exiting

theForeachstatement

_early

159 TheIfstatement 161

Using assignment

and

_comparison

operators 163

Evaluating multiple

conditions 164

The Switchstatement 164

Using

the Switch statement 165

Controlling matching

behavior 167

Creating multiple

folders:

_step-by-step

exercises 168

Chapter

5

_quick

reference 170

Chapter

6

_Working

with Functions

171 Understanding

functions 171

Using

functionsto

_provide

easeof codereuse 178

Including

functions in the Windows PowerShell environment 180

Using dot-sourcing

180

Using

dot-sourced functions 182

Adding help

for functions 184

Using

a

here-string

objectfor

help

184

Using

two

_input

_parameters 186

Using

atypeconstraint in a function 190

Using

morethan two

input

_parameters 192

Useof functionsto

_encapsulate

business

_logic

194 Use of functionsto

_provide

easeof modification 196

Understanding

filters 201

Creating

afunction:

step-by-step

exercises 205

Chapter

6

_quick

reference 208

(6)

Chapter

7

_Creating

Advanced Functions and Modules

209 The

_{[cmdletbinding]}

attribute 209

Easy

verbose messages 210

Automatic parameterchecks 211

Adding

supportfor the

_-whatif

_parameter 214

Adding

supportfor_{the -confirm parameter} 215

Specifying

the defaultparameterset 216

Theparameter attribute 217

The

_mandatory

_{parameter property} 217

The

_position

_parameter

_property

218 The ParameterSetName_{parameter property} 219 The

_{ValueFromPipeline}

property 220 The

_HelpMessage

_property

221

Understanding

modules 222

Locating

and

_loading

modules 222

Listing

available modules 223

Loading

modules 225

Installing

modules 227

Creating

a _{per-user Modules} folder 227

Working

withthe $modulePathvariable 230

Creating

a module drive 232

Checking

for module

_dependencies

234

Using

a module from ashare 237

Creating

a module 238

Creating

anadvanced function:

step-by-step

exercises 245

Chapter

7

_quick

reference 249

Chapter

8

_Using

the Windows PowerShell ISE

251

Running theWindows PowerShell ISE 251

Navigating

the WindowsPowerShell ISE 252

Working

with the

_script

_pane 254 Tab

_expansion

and IntelliSense 256

(7)

Working

withWindows PowerShellISE

_snippets

257

Using

Windows PowerShell ISE

_snippets

to createcode 257

Creating

newWindows PowerShell ISE

snippets

259

Removing

user-definedWindowsPowerShell ISE snippets 261

Using

the Commands add-on:

_step-by-step

exercises 262

Chapter

8

quick

reference 265

Chapter

9

_Working

with Windows

PowerShell Profiles

267

Six DifferentPowerShell

_profiles

267

Understanding

the six different Windows PowerShell

_profiles

.. .268

Examiningthe

_$profile

variable 268

Determining

whethera

specific profile

exists 270

Creating

a new

profile

270

Design

considerations for

_profiles

271

Using

one or more

profiles

273

Using

the All Users, All Hosts

_profile

275

Using

yourownfile 276

Grouping

similar

_{functionality}

intoa module 277

Whereto storethe

_profile

module 278

Creating

a

profile: step-by-step

exercises 278

Chapter

9

_quick

reference 282

Chapter

10 _Using

WMI

283

Understanding

the WMI model 284

Working

with

_objects

_{and namespaces} 284

Listing

WMI

_providers

289

Working

with WMIclasses 289

Querying

WMI 293

Obtaining

service information:

_step-by-step

exercises 298

Chapter

10

_quick

reference 305

(8)

Chapter

11

_Querying

WMI 307

Alternate waysto connect toWMI 307

Selective data from allinstances 316

Selecting multiple properties

316

Choosing specific

instances 319

Utilizing

anoperator 321

Where is the where? 325

Shortening

thesyntax 325

Working

withsoftware:

_step-by-step

exercises 327

Chapter

11

_quick

reference 335

Chapter

12 _Remoting

WMI

337

UsingWMI _againstremotesystems 337

Supplying

alternate credentials for theremoteconnection 338

Using

Windows PowerShell remotingtorunWMI 341

Using

CIM classesto _{query WMI classes} 343

Working

withremoteresults 344

Reducing

data via Windows PowerShell

_parameters

347

Running

WMI

_jobs

350

Using

Windows PowerShell

_remoting

andWMI:

Step-by-step

exercises 352

Chapter

12

_quick

reference 354

Chapter

13

_Calling

WMI

Methods

on WMI

Classes

355 Using

WMI cmdletsto executeinstance methods 355

Using

the terminate method

_directly

357

Using

the Invoke-WmiMethod cmdlet 358

Using

the

_[wmi]

typeaccelerator 360

Using

WMI towork withstatic methods 361

Executing

instance methods:

_step-by-step

exercises 364

Chapter

13

_quick

reference 366

(9)

Chapter

14

_Using

the CIM

Cmdlets

367

Using

the CIM cmdlets to

explore

WMI classes 367

Using

the -classnameparameter 367

Finding

WMIclass methods 368

Filtering

classes

_{by qualifier}

369

Retrieving

WMI instances 371

Reducing returned

_properties

and instances 372

Cleaning

upoutput from the command 373

Working

with associations 373

Retrieving

WMI instances:

step-by-step

exercises 379

Chapter

14

_quick

reference 382

Chapter

15

_Working

with Active

_Directory

383

Creating objects

in Active

_Directory

383

Creating

anOU 383

ADSI

_providers

385

LDAPnames 387

Creating

users 393

What isuseraccountcontrol? 396

Working

with users 397

Creating multiple organizational

units:

_step-by-step

exercises 412

Chapter

15

_quick

reference 418

Chapter

16 _Working

with the AD DS Module 419

Understanding

the Active

_Directory

module 419

Installing

the Active

_Directory

module 419

Getting

started with the Active

_Directory

module 421

Using

the Active

_Directory

module 421

Finding

the FSMO role holders 422

Discovering

Active

_Directory

428

Renaming

Active

_Directory

sites 431

Managing

users 432

Creating

a user 435

Finding

and

_unlocking

Active

_Directory

useraccounts 436 xiv Contents

(10)

Finding

disabled users 438

Finding

unuseduseraccounts 440

Updating

Active

_{Directory objects:}

_step-by-step

exercises 443

Chapter

16

_quick

reference 445

Chapter

17

_Deploying

Active

_Directory

with

Windows Server 2012

447 Using

the Active

_Directory

moduleto

_deploy

a newforest 447

Adding

a newdomain controllerto an

existing

domain 453

Adding

a

read-only

domain controller 455 Domain controller

_{prerequisites: step-by-step}

exercises 457

Chapter

17

_quick

reference 460

Chapter

18 _{Debugging Scripts}

461

Understanding

debugging

inWindows PowerShell 461

Understanding

three different_typesoferrors 461

Using

the

_Set-PSDebug

cmdlet 467

Tracing

the

_script

467

Stepping through

the

_script

471

Enabling

strict mode 479

Using Set-PSDebug

-Strict 479

Using

the Set-StrictModecmdlet 481

Debugging

the

_script

483

Setting breakpoints

483

Setting

a

breakpoint

on aline number 483

Setting

a

breakpoint

onavariable 485

Setting

a

breakpoint

on acommand 489

Responding

to

_breakpoints

490

Listing breakpoints

492

Enabling

and

_{disabling breakpoints}

494

Deleting breakpoints

494

(11)

Chapter

19

_Handling

Errors

501

Handling missing

parameters 501

Creating

adefault value fora parameter 502

Making

the parameter

mandatory

503

Limiting

choices 504

Using PromptForChoice

to limit selections 504

Using

Test-Connection to

_identify

_computer

connectivity 506

Using

the -containsoperatorto examinecontentsofan_{array.. .507}

Using

the-containsoperatorto testfor properties 509

Handling missing rights

512

Attempt

and fail 512

Checking

for

_rights

and

_exiting

_gracefully

513

Handling missing

WMI

_providers

513

Incorrectdata

_types

523

Out-of-boundserrors 526

Using a

boundary-checking

function 526

Placing

limitsonthe _parameter 528

Using Try...Catch...Finally

529

Catching multiple

errors 532

Using PromptForChoice

to limit selections:

_Step-by-step

exercises 534

Chapter

19

_quick

reference 537

Chapter

20

_{Managing Exchange}

Server 539

Exploring

the

_Exchange

2010 cmdlets 539

Working

with remote

_Exchange

servers 540

Configuring recipient settings

544

Creating

theuserandthe mailbox 544

Reporting

user

settings

548

Managing

storage

settings

550

Examining

the mailbox database 550

Managing

the mailboxdatabase 551

(12)

Managing

Exchange logging

553

Managing auditing

557

Parsing

the auditXMLfile 562

Creating

useraccounts:

_step-by-step

exercises 565

Chapter

20

_quick

reference 570

Appendix

A

Windows PowerShell

Core

Cmdlets

571 Appendix

B

Windows PowerShell Module

_Coverage

579

Appendix

C

Windows

PowerShell Cmdlet

_Naming

583

Appendix

D Windows PowerShell

_FAQ

587

Appendix

E Useful WMI Classes 597

Appendix

F Basic

_{Troubleshooting Tips}

621 Appendix

G

General PowerShell

Scripting

Guidelines

625

Index 633

About theAuthor 667

What do you think of this book? Wewant to hear from

_you!

Microsoft is interested inhearingyourfeedbackso we can_{continually improve}our books and_learningresourcesforyou.Toparticipateinabrief onlinesurvey,pleasevisit: