W i r e l e s s C o n t r o l
N o v e m b e r 2 0 0 8
P r o t o c o l E x a m p l e s f o r I S M B a n d
A p p l i c a t i o n s
S t a n d a r d C o n f i g u r a t i o n S e t f o r t h e S m a r t L E W I S ™
R e c e i v e r T D A 5 2 3 0
P r e l i m i n a r y
A p p l i c a t i o n N o t e
V 1 . 0
Edition 2008-11-01 Published by
Infineon Technologies AG 81726 Munich, Germany
© 2008 Infineon Technologies AG All Rights Reserved.
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TDA523x
Protocol Examples
Protocol Examples for ISM Band Applications Revision History: 2008-11-01, V1.0
Previous Version: none
Page Subjects (major changes since last revision)
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TDA523x
Protocol Examples
Protocol Examples for the ISM Frequency BandsTable of Contents
1 Protocol Examples for the ISM Frequency Bands...5
1.1 Legislative Restriction ...5
1.2 Jammer Immunity...5
1.3 Current Consumption ...5
2 Tools...6
2.1 IAF Tool and Protocol Examples...6
2.2 Polling Strategy Excel Sheet...6
2.3 TDA523x Explorer Software...6
2.4 Download Information ...6
3 10 Steps to get it running ...6
4 Detailed Description of Protocol Examples ...8
4.1 5kBit ASK USA Pattern ...8
4.2 5kBit FSK EU Pattern...9
4.3 10kBit FSK USA Pattern ...9
4.4 10kBit FSK EU Pattern...10
4.5 10kBit FSK Multi-Channel Pattern ...10
Protocol Examples
Protocol Examples for the ISM Frequency Bands
1 Protocol
Examples
for
the ISM Frequency Bands
In general the RF protocol is always a compromise in terms of sensitivity, current consumption, data throughput, jammer immunity and regional legislative restrictions. The given protocol examples are typical compromises of the above mentioned parameters but of course can always be optimized towards a certain parameter.
1.1 Legislative
Restriction
The USA patterns are defined to fulfill the FCC Part 15 requirements and take advantage out of the Duty Cycle Correction Factor. The Duty Cycle (FCC15.35) which is mentioned is related to Carrier ON time within a 100ms time slot. For more details refer to the Application Note on our Web side: (Download App Note)
This Duty Cycle Correction Factor allows the transmitter counterpart of the TDA523x receiver to send with higher output power then initially defined. In the equation below the calculation of the correction factor is depicted.
)
(
100
100
log
20
dB
ms
window
ms
a
in
on
time
T
K
X E⎟
⎠
⎞
⎜
⎝
⎛
=
The European equivalent to the FCC is called ETSI. This regulation framework allows in the 434MHz band (433,05-434,79MHz) an output power of 10mW if the transmitter has an ON/OFF Duty Cycle below 10% otherwise the output power is limited to 1mW.
1.2 Jammer
Immunity
The immunity against jammers can be improved by several methods. The best method to achieve excellent immunity performance is the multi-channel concept. The TDA523x receiver is able to handle this challenge in a very elegant way. The receiver scans several Radio Frequency (RF) channels and processes the data without the need of a microcontroller. If a jammer appears on one of the channels the communication is possible on the other remaining channels.
In principle can be stated that the modulation technique has also a contribution to the receiver immunity performance. It can be stated that for limiter based receiver systems, Frequency Shift Keying (FSK) has a higher interferer immunity compared to OOK (On/Off Keying == ASK with 100% modulation index). During the OFF period of the signal the interferer can be directly seen on the Receive Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI) voltage. In FSK the signal is always present and the Interferer will be suppressed to a certain extend by the limiter effect.
1.3 Current
Consumption
All protocols are designed with a Wake up Pattern (WUP), SYNC Pattern, Telegram Start Identifier (TSI) and Payload Data. The most important part to reduce the average current consumption on the receiver side is the WUP frame, which allows the receiver to perform a polling strategy. Polling means that the TDA523x receiver changing from active mode (RXRUN Mode) to sleep mode within a specified time period. This polling strategy allows the receiver to reduce the active time significantly and of course the average current consumption. The TDA523x receiver is able to handle this polling method by itself (autonomous receiver) and just alerts the microcontroller by an Interrupt if the appropriate WUP and TSI Pattern were found. This very important feature of the TDA523x receiver family reduces the overall system current consumption because the microcontroller will sleep most of the time and is just interrupted if a valid packed was received.
Protocol Examples
Tools
2 Tools
To get the defined protocols properly running, Infineon provides a toolset which helps the developer to verify his work and that the receiver is correctly configured. The provided Quick Start guide will give more details and also the steps to get the below just mentioned tools running. (Download Quick start guide)
2.1
IAF Tool and Protocol Examples
The pre-defined pattern of the protocol examples are all implemented in the so called IAF-Tool (Integrated Application Framework) which is a GUI describing all registers of the TDA523x receiver in a way that is easy to understand (Download IAF tool).
For all of the protocol examples described below a workspace and project within the IAF tool is available for download. (Download Protocol Example Zip File)
The given protocol examples can be used as they are or to ease up your development as starting point for your customizations.
2.2
Polling Strategy Excel Sheet
The above mentioned polling strategy is also described in an Excel sheet which automatically calculates the required ON and OFF timings for the given protocol. Infineon also provides this Excel sheet, worked out for all ISM pattern on our web side. (Download Protocol Example Zip File)
2.3
TDA523x Explorer Software
For working with our evaluation boards, the configurations that are builtwithin the IAF tool can be downloaded to the receiver by the TDA523x explorer software. (Download TDA523x Explorer Software) This tool provides also some basic functionality to read out the FIFO or react on the occurrence of an interrupt. (read out FIFO automatically or read interrupt status register….)
2.4 Download
Information
If there should be any problem by using the download links in this document, please go to
www.infineon.com/receiver and download the latest documentation and tools by clicking on the TDA5230 or TDA5231 download section respectively.
3
10 Steps to get it running
1. Download and Install all above mentioned Software Tools ( IAF-Tool and Explorer Tool )
2. Download and Unzip the Protocol_Example_vx.x.zip to your preferred location on your hard or network drive.
3. Connect the TDA523x Eval Board via USB to the PC or Notebook. 4. Within the specified Protocol folders the following files are of importance:
a. Protocol_name.davws Æ IAF Workspace file
b. Protocol_name.xls Æ Polling Strategy Excel Sheet
c. Protocol_name.txt Æ Configuration File (output of IAF Tool)
Protocol Examples
10 Steps to get it running
Figure 1 Folder content of 10k EU Pattern
5. Open the TDA523x Explorer Software and download the Configuration File to the Eval Board via the File and Configure Buttons.
Figure 2 Explorer Tool: Configuration Window
6. Connect the 50 Ohm Antenna to the Eval Board
7. Implement the described Protocol Example into a RF transmitter. 8. Switch to the Run Tab within the Explorer tool.
Protocol Examples
Detailed Description of Protocol Examples
Figure 3 Explorer Tool: Run Window
9. Trigger the RF transmitter to send out the protocol.
10. The payload of the transmitted data will be depicted in the SPI Log window of the Explorer Tool.
4
Detailed Description of Protocol Examples
4.1
5kBit ASK USA Pattern
Figure 4 5k Bit ASK USA Pattern
Modulation: ASK
Data Rate: 5kBit
Coding: Manchester
WUP Data: 100Bit all 0 SYNC Data: 6 Bit Æ all 0
TSI Data: 14 Bit Æ 00110011110100
Payload: 10 Byte data (could be modified for different applications)
Main target: fast data transfer
RX sensitivity: -106.7 dBm
Average RX current of TDA523x: 1.17 mA FCC Duty Cycle factor for TX: 20 dB
Protocol Examples
Detailed Description of Protocol Examples
4.2
5kBit FSK EU Pattern
100 Bit WUP TSI 80 Bit Data
5kBit FSK EU
20 ms 20 ms
Figure 5 5kBit FSK EU Patter
Modulation: FSK
Data Rate: 5kBit FSK Deviation: 35kHz
Coding: Manchester
WUP Data: 100Bit all 0 SYNC Data: 6 Bit Æ all 0
TSI Data: 14 Bit Æ 00110011110100
Payload: 10 Byte data (could be modified for different applications)
Main target: fast data transfer, higher immunity against jammer
RX sensitivity: -107.6 dBm
Average RX current of TDA523x: 1.22 mA If used in US FCC DC factor: 7.9 dB
4.3
10kBit FSK USA Pattern
144 Bit WUP TSI 128 Bit Data
10kBit FSK USA
14.4 ms 85.6 ms 14.4 ms
Figure 6 10kBit FSK USA Pattern
Modulation: FSK
Data Rate: 10kBit FSK Deviation: 50kHz
Coding: Manchester
WUP Data: 144Bit all 0 SYNC Data: 6 Bit Æ all 0
TSI Data: 10 Bit Æ 0011110100
Payload: 16 Byte data (could be modified for different applications)
Main target: fast data transfer, higher immunity against jammer
RX sensitivity: -106.3 dBm
Average RX current of TDA523x: 1.02 mA FCC Duty Cycle factor for TX: 16.8 dB
Protocol Examples
Detailed Description of Protocol Examples
Preliminary Application Note 10 V1.0, 2008-11-01
4.4
10kBit FSK EU Pattern
Figure 7 10kBit FSK EU Pattern
Modulation: FSK
Data Rate: 10kBit FSK Deviation: 50kHz
Coding: Manchester
WUP Data: 200Bit all 0 SYNC Data: 6 Bit Æ all 0
TSI Data: 10 Bit Æ 0011110100
Payload: 16 Byte data (could be modified for different applications)
Main target: fast data transfer, higher immunity against Jammer
RX sensitivity: -106.3 dBm
Average RX current of TDA523x: 0.71 mA FCC Duty Cycle factor for TX: 9.2 dB
4.5
10kBit FSK Multi-Channel Pattern
Figure 8 10kBit FSK Multi-Channel Protocoll
Modulation: FSK
Data Rate: 10kBit
Channel frequency Ch1: 433.589 MHz
Ch2: 434.251 MHz
FSK Deviation: 50kHz
Coding: Manchester
WUP Data: 104Bit all 0
SYNC Data: 6 Bit Æ all 0
TSI Data: 10 Bit Æ 0011110100
Payload: 10 Byte data (could be modified for different applications) Main target: fast data transfer, Jammer immunity
RX sensitivity: -106.3 dBm
Average RX current of TDA523x: 1.93 mA FCC Duty Cycle factor for TX: 13.9 dB
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