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ISRAEL DESALINATION SOCIETY

(R.A.)

Grand Water Research Institute Zuckerberg Institute for Water Research Technion-Israel Institute of Technology Ben-Gurion University of the Negev

Program and Papers of the 8

th

Annual Conference

Innovations and Applications of Sea-Water

and Marginal Water Desalination

Edited by

Raphael Semiat, and David Hasson

GWRI Rabin Desalination Laboratory

Tuesday & Wednesday, 19 - 20 December, 2006

Butler Auditorium - Neaman Institute,

Technion - Institute of Technology, Haifa, ISRAEL

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II

STATE OF ISRAEL

MINISTRY OF NATIONAL INFRASTRUCTURES

WATER COMMISSION

Greetings to participants of the h Annual Conference of the

ISRAEL DESALINATION SOCIETY

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III

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Page

INTRODUCTORY REMARKS III

Outstanding Achievement Award V

CONFERENCE PROGRAM VI

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS IX

CONFERENCE ORGANIZATION COMMITTEES IX

ISRAEL DESALINATION SOCIETY COUNCIL MEMBERS X

LIST OF PAPERS XI

LIST OF POSTERS XIII

INTRODUCTORY REMARKS

The Israel Desalination Society (IDS) was founded in 1998. Its charter calls for “the development and

promotion of the appropriate use of desalination and desalination technologies for the water supply needs of the State of Israel”. To fulfill this objective, the IDS organizes annual conferences aiming:

To provide decision makers and the public at large with documented authoritative information on the role of desalination in alleviating the water scarcity difficulties facing Israel and its neighbors To follow the ongoing technological progress that has brought down the cost of sea water desalination to the level of about half a dollar per cu. m., thus making desalinated water an affordable commodity

To provide a forum for exchange of information on desalination programs on both local and international levels

To report technological innovations in Israel and abroad emanating from industrial activities and research institutes of academic and other organizations.

The evolution of the desalination era in Israel is reflected in the IDS annual conferences. The 1st

IDS-1998 conference, entitled “Desalination in Israel: Present and Future”, reviewed the water shortage

situation and analyzed the urgent need to plan and embark on large-scale desalination.

The 2nd IDS-1999 conference entitled, “Large Scale Sea-Water Desalination Projects”, was held against the background of the March 1999 Government resolution, to advance the planning of sea-water desalination plants and to prepare bid specifications for establishing a sea-sea-water desalination BOT project of 50 MCM a year. It attracted leading desalting developers from Israel and abroad.

The 3rd IDS-2000 conference, entitled”New Developments in the Treatment and Desalination of

Effluents, Brackish and other Marginal Waters”, was held against the background of a second

important Government resolution relating to new large-scale programs designed to augment water resources by recovery and reuse of treated municipal wastewaters, rehabilitation of salinated and contaminated wells and desalination of brackish and marginal water sources. This conference also attracted leading companies from Israel and abroad and had a record attendance of over 350 participants.

The 4th IDS-2001 conference, entitled “Integrated Desalination Systems”, presented updates of

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IV

The 5th IDS-2002 conference, dedicated to the subject of “Pre-Treatment and Post-Treatment Technologies in Desalination”, reviewed current practices and reported innovations relating to feed

pre-treatment, product post-treatment and concentrate disposal processes The conference program also included updating reports on the progress in the implementation of large scale desalination projects in Israel and on Government plans relating to desalination and waste wastewater recovery. The conference attracted some 250 participants.

The 6th IDS-2003 conference, devoted to the topic of “Upgrading Groundwater and Recycled Water

by Desalination”, brought together different disciplines in the field for reviewing the necessity,

importance and status of salt removal from ground water and recycled water. Presentations included reports on innovations and new projects and discussions on future trends and policies. This conference also attracted some 250 participants.

The 7th IDS-2005 conference was dedicated to the timely topic of “Israel’s Large Seawater Desalination Tenders – 5 Years Experience”. Five years have passed since the Israeli government

published its first large seawater desalination plant tender, for the Ashkelon 50 million m3/year BOT

project (the main theme of the 2nd IDS-1999 Conference). Since then three other major tenders have

been issued. The aims of this conference were to review the experience gathered in tendering large scale desalination projects through the perspective of the various parties involved – Government

Ministries, Specialist Consultants, Bidders/Contractors and Financial Institutions, to learn from

prominent foreign experts the experience gathered abroad on similar Large Seawater Desalination BOO/BOOT projects and to indicate possible solutions to the problems raised so as to improve future tenders. The highlight of this Conference which attracted over 230 participants was a tour of the world’s largest RO seawater desalination installation – the VID Ltd. Ashkelon Desalination Plant.

The present 8th IDS-2006 conference, entitled Innovations and Applications of Sea-Water and Marginal Water Desalination, has the following aims:

To review operational experience of large desalination plants in Israel To survey plans for new desalination plants in Israel

To survey advances in desalination technologies To survey R &D desalination activities in Israel

To survey techno - economic and environmental perspectives of the planned World Bank feasibility study on the "RED - DEAD" Conveyor Project

In fulfilling these aims, the conference organizing committee has been fortunate in attracting prominent speakers from Israel and abroad, each of whom is an authority on his lecture topic.

The RED SEA – DEAD SEA Conveyor project has a long history, among its main motivations being

a major desalination hydro project for alleviating the water shortages of Jordan, Israel and the Palestinian authority. The timely session on the RED – DEAD project included in this conference was jointly organized with the Middle East Desalination Research Center. This session will be held

shortly after the inauguration meeting of the two year $15.5 million feasibility study that will take place on December 10 in Jordan in the presence of representatives of the World Bank and representatives of Jordan, Israel, the Palestinian Authority and donor countries financing the study. Doubtless the results of the December 10 Amman inauguration meeting will be reflected in the IDS conference deliberations.

Finally, another noteworthy event of this conference is the Award Ceremony honoring the developers and founders of Ashkelon Desalination Project for their outstanding achievement. The text of the

Award Certificate is reproduced in the next page.

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VI PROGRAM Tuesday 19 December 2006

8:00 Registration Desk Opens

9:00-9:45 GREETINGS SESSION

Chair: David Hasson

Yitzhak Apeloig, President of the Technion-Israel Institute of Technology Shmuel Kantor, President of the Israel Desalination Society

David Yaroslavitch, Water Commission, Ministry of National Infrastructures

Eilon Adar, Director of ZIWR, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev

Raphael Semiat, Director of GWRI, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology

Session 1

Large Scale Desalination Plants of Israel

Chair: Shmuel Kantor and Nathan Berkman

9:45-10:10 1.1 The World’s Largest SWRO Desalination Plant 15 Months of Operational Experience,

Micha Taub, Adom-IDE

10:10-10:35 1.2 Status of Palmachim Desalination Project, Yigal Hanegbi, Via Maris and Yaacov

Mansdorf, GES

10:35-11:00 1.3 Status of Mekorot Water Desalination Projects Menahem Priel, Pinhas Glueckstern,

Eli Kotzer, Nissim Nadav, Viorika Izsak and Nurit Perlov, Mekorot

11:00-11:30 COFFEE BREAK

11:30-11:55 1.4 Status of Development of Sea Water Desalination Plants in Israel, Yosef Dreizin, Water

Commission

Session 2 Jordanian Desalination Projects

Chair: Yaacov Mansdorf and Harvey Winters

11:55-12:20 2.1 Desalination is a Challenging Water Alternative Source for Jordan, Fayez Bataineh, Assistant Secretary General for Planning and Information Technology, Jordan Valley Authority, MWI

12:20-12:45 2.2 The Wadi Ma’in Zara and Mujib Water Treatment and Conveyance Project, P. Temple

Ballard, Infilco Degremont Inc. USA, Véronique Bonnélye, Degremont S.A., France, Miguel Angel Sanz, Degremont Spain, Marc Pétry, Degrémont SA, France

12:45-14:35 ANNUAL GENERAL MEETING – LUNCH - POSTER SESSION

Session 3 Advances in Desalination Technologies (I)

Chair: Menahem Priel and Leon Awerbuch

14:35-15:00 3.1 Advances in Membrane Performance, Rich Franks, Mark Wilf and Craig Bartels,

Hydranautics

15:00-15:25 3.2 Development and Testing of Large Diameter Spiral Element, Rick Lesan and Antonia

von Gottberg

15:25-15:50 3.3 Recent Progress and Development in UF Tertiary Treatment and MBR Technology,

Annyse Balkwill and Roy Arviv, ZENON Membrane Solutions, Part of GE’s Water & Process Technologies Business

15:50-16:15 3.4 Advances in RO Pretreatment Techniques, Robert Huehmer and Lisa Henthorne,

CH2M Hill

16:15-16:45 COFFEE BREAK

16:45-17:10 3.5 Advances in DAF High Rate Flotation, Véronique Bonnélye, Miguel Angel Sanz,

Pierre Mazounie, Patrick Vion, Jose Del Castillo and Jean-Marie Rovel, Degremont

17:10-17:35 3.6 A Review of Concentrate Discharge Practices Employed in Large-Scale Seawater

Reverse Osmosis, Tom Pankratz, Water Desalination Report and John B. Tonner Water Consultants International

17:35-18:00 3.7 High Performance MED Plants, Avraham Ophir and Avraham Gendel, IDE

18:30-21:00 CONFERENCE DINNER: Hanukkah Candle Lighting and Award Ceremony honoring

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VII

Wednesday 20 December 2006

8:30 Registration Desk Opens

Session 4 Advances in Desalination Technologies (II)

Chair: Raphael Semiat and Véronique Bonnélye

9:30-9:55 4.1 Integrated Hybrid Desalination Systems, Leon Awerbuch, Leading Edge Technologies

9:55-10:20 4.2 A Novel Approach for Seawater Desalination Cost Reduction, Markus Busch, Miriam

Brusilovsky and William E. Mickols, FilmTec Corporation

10:20- 10:45 4.3 A Novel 16-Inch RO System for Water Reuse and Desalination,How Yong Ng, National

University of Singapore and Harvey Winters, Fairleigh Dickinson University.

10:45-11:10 4.4 Environmental Regulations for Discharging Desalination Brine to the Sea and its Possible Impacts, Iris Safrai and Alon Zask, Ministry of the Environmental Protection.

11:10-11:40 COFFEE BREAK

Session 5 R&D Reports

Chair: Fredi Lokiec and Tom Pankratz

11:40-12:05 5.1 Survey of R&D Desalination Projects at Mekorot, Pinhas Glueckstern and Inbal David, Mekorot

12:05-12:30 5.2 Survey of Desalination Research Projects at the Gurion University, Yoram Oren, Ben-Gurion University

12:30-12:55 5.3 Survey of Desalination Research Projects at the Rabin Desalination Laboratory, Raphael Semiat and David Hasson, Technion

12:55-14:30 LUNCH & POSTER SESSION

Session 6 Red-Dead Conveyor Project

Session co-sponsored and jointly organized with the Middle East Desalination Research Center

Chair: Koussai Quteishat and Shimon Tal

GREETINGS

14:30-14:40 6.A Greetings by Representative of Donor Countries, Robert Tansey, Science Attaché, U.S.

Embassy Tel Aviv

14:40-14:50 6.B Greetings message from Vahid Valavian of the World Bank

14:50-15:10 6.COutline of the Red Sea-Dead Sea Hydro Projects,Pinhas Glueckstern, Senior Consultant

PERSPECTIVES OF THE RED SEA-DEAD SEA CONVEYOR PROJECT

15:10-15:30 6.1 Israel Government Perspective, H.E. Benjamin Ben-Eliezer, Minister of National Infrastructures

15:30-15:50 6.2 Jordan Government Perspective, Fayez Bataineh, Assistant Secretary General for Planning and Information Technology, Jordan Valley Authority, MWI

15:50- 16:10 6.3 MEDRC Perspective, Koussai Quteishat, MEDRC Director

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VIII

TECHNO – ECONOMIC AND ENVIRONMENTAL PERSPECTIVES

16:40- 17:00 6.4 Technical Challenges during Implementation of the Red Sea-Dead Sea Conveyer Project,

Robert Huehmer, Lisa Henthorne and Jhan Schmitz, CH2M Hill

17:00- 17:20 6.5 Sustainable Development of the Jordan Rift Valley - Environment, Water and Energy, Dan

Hamberg,TAHAL and John P. Velon, MWH

17:20- 17:40 6.6 Seismic Consideration in the Design of a Water Supply System, Dale E. Wah and Mark Wilf, Tetra Tech Inc.

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IX

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

The conference was generously supported by the following organizations; their

financial contributions are gratefully acknowledged:

ARKAL FILTRATION SYSTEMS BEL COMPOSITE INDUSTRIES

BEN GURION UNIVERSITY, ZUCKERBERG INSTITUTE FOR WATER RESEARCH CH2M HILL

GES - GLOBAL ENVIRONMENTAL SOLUTIONS IDE TECHNOLOGIES

MEKOROT – ISRAEL NATIONAL WATER CO. MINISTRY FOR FOREIGN AFFAIRS

TAHAL CONSULTING ENGINEERS

TECHNION - ISRAEL INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

THE GRAND WATER RESEARCH INSTITUTE OF THE TECHNION

THE WATER COMMISSION, MINISTRY OF NATIONAL INFRASTRUCTURES Advertisements of sponsors follow the papers

Program Organizing Committee

David Hasson (Chairman) - Rabin Desalination Laboratory, Technion IIT Raphael Semiat (Co-Chairman) – Grand Water Research Institute, Technion IIT

Jack Gilron - Zuckerberg Institute for Water Research, Ben-Gurion University Pinhas Glueckstern – Mekorot Desalination & Special Projects Division

Fredi Lokiec - IDE Technologies Ltd.

Yoram Oren - Zuckerberg Institute for Water Research, Ben-Gurion University Menahem Priel - Mekorot Desalination & Special Projects Division

Conference Organization Personnel

Sara Marco – Conference Secretary, Grand Water Research Institute, Technion IIT

([email protected], Tel. 972-4-829-3351, 972-4-829-2220; Fax: 972-4-822-4246)

Suzy Izsak – Conference Administrator, Chemical Engineering Department, Technion IIT

([email protected])

Raphael Semiat – Grand Water Research Institute, Technion IIT

([email protected], Tel. 972-4-829-2009, 054-5833232; Fax: 972-4-822-4246)

David Hasson – Rabin Desalination Laboratory, Technion IIT

([email protected], Tel. 972-4-829-2936, 050-721-4976; Fax: 972-4-829-5672)

Organizational and editorial work

Raphael Semiat David Hasson and Dmitry Lisitsin

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X

ISRAEL DESALINATION SOCIETY

(R.A.)

Registered Association no. 58-033-752-5

Management Committee: S. Kantor (Chairman), J. Gilron, D. Hasson (Co-ordinator), R. Semiat Account Managers: D. Hasson and R. Semiat

Address: c/o GWRI Rabin Desalination Laboratory Department of Chemical Engineering

Technion-Israel Institute of Technology Haifa 32000, ISRAEL

Telephone: +972 4 8292936, 8292009 Fax: +972 4 8235672 Emails: [email protected] [email protected]

2006 IDS Council Members

U. Arbell (Baran Group)

R. Aviram (Ministry of Foreign Affairs) A. Barak (Judea and Samaria College)

N. Berkman (Adan Technical and Economic Services) M. Doron (Ormeca Industrial Supplies)

Y. Driezin (Water Commission) U. Fisher (Ormat Industries)

J. Gilron (Zuckerberg Institute for Water Research, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev) P. Glueckstern (Mekorot Desalting Division)

D. Hasson (Rabin Desalination Lab. GWRI, Technion, Council Coordinator) D. Hamberg (Tahal Consulting Engineers)

D. Hoffman (Adan Technical & EconomicServices) S. Kantor (IDS president, Senior Advisor)

J. Keidar (Ministry of Foreign Affairs) F. Lokiec (IDE Technologies)

Y. Mansdorf (G.E.S (former Tambour Ecology) A. Ophir (IDE Technologies)

Y. Oren (Zuckerberg Institute for Water Research, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev) M. Perry (BPT – Bio-Pure Technology)

M. Priel (Mekorot Desalting Division)

R. Semiat (GWRI Rabin Desalination Laboratory, Technion) Y. Rivlin (Tahal Consulting Engineers)

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XI

List of Papers

Page

The World’s Largest SWRO Desalination Plant 15 Months of

Operational Experience, Micha Taub, Adom-IDE 1

Status of Palmachim Desalination Project, Yigal Hanegbi, Via Maris and Yaacov Mansdorf, GES

Status of Mekorot Water Desalination Projects, Menahem Priel, Pinhas Glueckstern, Eli Kotzer, Nissim Nadav, Viorika Izsak and Nurit Perlov, Mekorot

Status of Development of Sea Water Desalination Plants in Israel, Yosef Dreizin, Water Commission

Desalination is a Challenging Water Alternative Source for Jordan, Fayez Bataineh, Assistant Secretary General for Planning and Information Technology, Jordan Valley Authority, MWI

The Wadi Ma’in Zara and Mujib Water Treatment and Conveyance Project, P. Temple Ballard, Infilco Degremont Inc. USA, Véronique Bonnélye, Degremont S.A., France, Miguel Angel Sanz, Degremont Spain, Marc Pétry, Degrémont SA, France

Advances in Membrane Performance, Rich Franks, Mark Wilf and Craig Bartels, Hydranautics

Development and Testing of Large Diameter Spiral Element, Rick Lesan and Antonia von Gottberg

Recent Progress and Development in UF Tertiary Treatment and MBR Technology, Annyse Balkwill and Roy Arviv, ZENON Membrane Solutions, Part of GE’s Water & Process Technologies Business

Advances in RO Pretreatment Techniques, Robert Huehmer and Lisa

Henthorne, CH2M Hill 64

Advances in DAF High Rate Flotation, Véronique Bonnélye, Miguel Angel Sanz, Pierre Mazounie, Patrick Vion, Jose Del Castillo and Jean-Marie Rovel, Degremont

A Review of Concentrate Discharge Practices Employed in Large-Scale Seawater Reverse Osmosis, Tom Pankratz, Water Desalination Report and John B. Tonner Water Consultants International

High Performance MED Plants, Avraham Ophir and Avraham Gendel, IDE

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XII

List of Papers

Page

A Novel Approach for Seawater Desalination Cost Reduction, Markus Busch, Miriam Brusilovsky and William E. Mickols, FilmTec Corporation

A Novel 16-Inch RO System for Water Reuse and Desalination, How Yong Ng, National University of Singapore and Harvey Winters, Fairleigh Dickinson University.

Environmental Regulations for discharging Desalination Brine to the Sea and its Possible Impacts, Iris Safrai and Alon Zask, Ministry of the Environmental Protection.

Survey of R&D Desalination Projects at Mekorot, Pinhas Glueckstern,

Inbal David and ElenaGelman Mekorot

Survey of Desalination Research Projects at the Ben-Gurion University, Yoram Oren, Ben-Gurion University

Survey of Desalination Research Projects at the Rabin Desalination Laboratory, Raphael Semiat and David Hasson, Technion

Outline of the Red Sea - Dead Sea Hydro Projects, Pinhas Glueckstern,

Senior Consultant 196

Jordan perspective of the Red Sea – Dead Sea Conveyance Project, Fayez Bataineh, Jordan Valley Authority, Minstry of Water and Irrigation

MEDRC Promotion of Project Activities, Koussai Quteishat, MEDRC Director

Technical Challenges during Implementation of the Red Sea - Dead Sea Conveyer Project, Robert Huehmer, Lisa Henthorne and Jhan Schmitz, CH2M Hill

207

Sustainable Development of the Jordan Rift Valley - Environment, Water and Energy, Dan Hamberg,TAHAL and John P. Velon, MWH

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XIII

List of Posters

Page

Seawater Desalination in Mexico - IMPULSA Project, Gerardo Hiriart Le Bert, Salvador Espíndola Hernández and Hector Beltrán Mora

Secondary Effluents Desalination – IMS Demonstration Plant, M. Priel , P. Glueckstern, E. Gelman, I. David, N. Perlov, B. Keinan

Phosphate Removal from Secondary Wastewaters by Alkaline Fixed Bed Pretreatment, Irena Radu

A Molecular View on the Multi Scale Processes of Scale Formation During the Desalination Process, Matthias Gloede and Thomas Melin Techniques for Increasing Water Recovery in Brackish Water Desalination, Dmitry Lisitsin

216

Increasing MF/UF Reliability in Seawater Desalination Pretreatment

Applications Using Enhanced Prefiltration, Robert Huehmer 217

Water Purification by Advanced Oxidation Processes using Inorganic

Nano Particles,Altai Bach 219

Optimal Performance of an Airlift Immersed Membrane Bioreactor for Domestic Wastewater Reclamation, Fei Yang, Amos Bick, Semion

Shandalovand Gideon Oron

220

Treated Wastewater Desalination using Reverse Osmosis, Eyal Sahar,

Rami Guetta, Raphael Semiat and Dan Zaslavsky 221

Investigation of Scale Inhibition on RO Membranes by Trace Amounts

of Zinc Ions,Sarit Rachamim 223

Low Cost Vacuum Based Water Distillation, Daniel Raviv, Eiki

Martinson and Brandon Moore 224

Water Hardness Removal by Electrochemical Precipitation, Yossi

Pinhas 225

Characterization of Micellar Systems for Removal by MEUF of Refractory Organic from Contaminated Groundwater, M. Kriburet, Y. Oren, O. Regev, Y. Talmon, and J. Gilron

226

Detection of Fouling on Reverse Osmosis Modules by

Residence Time Distribution Analyses, Chagai Komlos 228

References

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