ISRAEL DESALINATION SOCIETY
(R.A.)
Grand Water Research Institute Zuckerberg Institute for Water Research Technion-Israel Institute of Technology Ben-Gurion University of the Negev
Program and Papers of the 8
thAnnual Conference
Innovations and Applications of Sea-Water
and Marginal Water Desalination
Edited by
Raphael Semiat, and David Hasson
GWRI Rabin Desalination Laboratory
Tuesday & Wednesday, 19 - 20 December, 2006
Butler Auditorium - Neaman Institute,
Technion - Institute of Technology, Haifa, ISRAEL
II
STATE OF ISRAEL
MINISTRY OF NATIONAL INFRASTRUCTURES
WATER COMMISSION
Greetings to participants of the h Annual Conference of the
ISRAEL DESALINATION SOCIETY
III
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
INTRODUCTORY REMARKS III
Outstanding Achievement Award V
CONFERENCE PROGRAM VI
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS IX
CONFERENCE ORGANIZATION COMMITTEES IX
ISRAEL DESALINATION SOCIETY COUNCIL MEMBERS X
LIST OF PAPERS XI
LIST OF POSTERS XIII
INTRODUCTORY REMARKS
The Israel Desalination Society (IDS) was founded in 1998. Its charter calls for “the development and
promotion of the appropriate use of desalination and desalination technologies for the water supply needs of the State of Israel”. To fulfill this objective, the IDS organizes annual conferences aiming:
To provide decision makers and the public at large with documented authoritative information on the role of desalination in alleviating the water scarcity difficulties facing Israel and its neighbors To follow the ongoing technological progress that has brought down the cost of sea water desalination to the level of about half a dollar per cu. m., thus making desalinated water an affordable commodity
To provide a forum for exchange of information on desalination programs on both local and international levels
To report technological innovations in Israel and abroad emanating from industrial activities and research institutes of academic and other organizations.
The evolution of the desalination era in Israel is reflected in the IDS annual conferences. The 1st
IDS-1998 conference, entitled “Desalination in Israel: Present and Future”, reviewed the water shortage
situation and analyzed the urgent need to plan and embark on large-scale desalination.
The 2nd IDS-1999 conference entitled, “Large Scale Sea-Water Desalination Projects”, was held against the background of the March 1999 Government resolution, to advance the planning of sea-water desalination plants and to prepare bid specifications for establishing a sea-sea-water desalination BOT project of 50 MCM a year. It attracted leading desalting developers from Israel and abroad.
The 3rd IDS-2000 conference, entitled”New Developments in the Treatment and Desalination of
Effluents, Brackish and other Marginal Waters”, was held against the background of a second
important Government resolution relating to new large-scale programs designed to augment water resources by recovery and reuse of treated municipal wastewaters, rehabilitation of salinated and contaminated wells and desalination of brackish and marginal water sources. This conference also attracted leading companies from Israel and abroad and had a record attendance of over 350 participants.
The 4th IDS-2001 conference, entitled “Integrated Desalination Systems”, presented updates of
IV
The 5th IDS-2002 conference, dedicated to the subject of “Pre-Treatment and Post-Treatment Technologies in Desalination”, reviewed current practices and reported innovations relating to feed
pre-treatment, product post-treatment and concentrate disposal processes The conference program also included updating reports on the progress in the implementation of large scale desalination projects in Israel and on Government plans relating to desalination and waste wastewater recovery. The conference attracted some 250 participants.
The 6th IDS-2003 conference, devoted to the topic of “Upgrading Groundwater and Recycled Water
by Desalination”, brought together different disciplines in the field for reviewing the necessity,
importance and status of salt removal from ground water and recycled water. Presentations included reports on innovations and new projects and discussions on future trends and policies. This conference also attracted some 250 participants.
The 7th IDS-2005 conference was dedicated to the timely topic of “Israel’s Large Seawater Desalination Tenders – 5 Years Experience”. Five years have passed since the Israeli government
published its first large seawater desalination plant tender, for the Ashkelon 50 million m3/year BOT
project (the main theme of the 2nd IDS-1999 Conference). Since then three other major tenders have
been issued. The aims of this conference were to review the experience gathered in tendering large scale desalination projects through the perspective of the various parties involved – Government
Ministries, Specialist Consultants, Bidders/Contractors and Financial Institutions, to learn from
prominent foreign experts the experience gathered abroad on similar Large Seawater Desalination BOO/BOOT projects and to indicate possible solutions to the problems raised so as to improve future tenders. The highlight of this Conference which attracted over 230 participants was a tour of the world’s largest RO seawater desalination installation – the VID Ltd. Ashkelon Desalination Plant.
The present 8th IDS-2006 conference, entitled Innovations and Applications of Sea-Water and Marginal Water Desalination, has the following aims:
To review operational experience of large desalination plants in Israel To survey plans for new desalination plants in Israel
To survey advances in desalination technologies To survey R &D desalination activities in Israel
To survey techno - economic and environmental perspectives of the planned World Bank feasibility study on the "RED - DEAD" Conveyor Project
In fulfilling these aims, the conference organizing committee has been fortunate in attracting prominent speakers from Israel and abroad, each of whom is an authority on his lecture topic.
The RED SEA – DEAD SEA Conveyor project has a long history, among its main motivations being
a major desalination hydro project for alleviating the water shortages of Jordan, Israel and the Palestinian authority. The timely session on the RED – DEAD project included in this conference was jointly organized with the Middle East Desalination Research Center. This session will be held
shortly after the inauguration meeting of the two year $15.5 million feasibility study that will take place on December 10 in Jordan in the presence of representatives of the World Bank and representatives of Jordan, Israel, the Palestinian Authority and donor countries financing the study. Doubtless the results of the December 10 Amman inauguration meeting will be reflected in the IDS conference deliberations.
Finally, another noteworthy event of this conference is the Award Ceremony honoring the developers and founders of Ashkelon Desalination Project for their outstanding achievement. The text of the
Award Certificate is reproduced in the next page.
VI PROGRAM Tuesday 19 December 2006
8:00 Registration Desk Opens
9:00-9:45 GREETINGS SESSION
Chair: David Hasson
Yitzhak Apeloig, President of the Technion-Israel Institute of Technology Shmuel Kantor, President of the Israel Desalination Society
David Yaroslavitch, Water Commission, Ministry of National Infrastructures
Eilon Adar, Director of ZIWR, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev
Raphael Semiat, Director of GWRI, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology
Session 1
Large Scale Desalination Plants of Israel
Chair: Shmuel Kantor and Nathan Berkman
9:45-10:10 1.1 The World’s Largest SWRO Desalination Plant 15 Months of Operational Experience,
Micha Taub, Adom-IDE
10:10-10:35 1.2 Status of Palmachim Desalination Project, Yigal Hanegbi, Via Maris and Yaacov
Mansdorf, GES
10:35-11:00 1.3 Status of Mekorot Water Desalination Projects Menahem Priel, Pinhas Glueckstern,
Eli Kotzer, Nissim Nadav, Viorika Izsak and Nurit Perlov, Mekorot
11:00-11:30 COFFEE BREAK
11:30-11:55 1.4 Status of Development of Sea Water Desalination Plants in Israel, Yosef Dreizin, Water
Commission
Session 2 Jordanian Desalination Projects
Chair: Yaacov Mansdorf and Harvey Winters
11:55-12:20 2.1 Desalination is a Challenging Water Alternative Source for Jordan, Fayez Bataineh, Assistant Secretary General for Planning and Information Technology, Jordan Valley Authority, MWI
12:20-12:45 2.2 The Wadi Ma’in Zara and Mujib Water Treatment and Conveyance Project, P. Temple
Ballard, Infilco Degremont Inc. USA, Véronique Bonnélye, Degremont S.A., France, Miguel Angel Sanz, Degremont Spain, Marc Pétry, Degrémont SA, France
12:45-14:35 ANNUAL GENERAL MEETING – LUNCH - POSTER SESSION
Session 3 Advances in Desalination Technologies (I)
Chair: Menahem Priel and Leon Awerbuch
14:35-15:00 3.1 Advances in Membrane Performance, Rich Franks, Mark Wilf and Craig Bartels,
Hydranautics
15:00-15:25 3.2 Development and Testing of Large Diameter Spiral Element, Rick Lesan and Antonia
von Gottberg
15:25-15:50 3.3 Recent Progress and Development in UF Tertiary Treatment and MBR Technology,
Annyse Balkwill and Roy Arviv, ZENON Membrane Solutions, Part of GE’s Water & Process Technologies Business
15:50-16:15 3.4 Advances in RO Pretreatment Techniques, Robert Huehmer and Lisa Henthorne,
CH2M Hill
16:15-16:45 COFFEE BREAK
16:45-17:10 3.5 Advances in DAF High Rate Flotation, Véronique Bonnélye, Miguel Angel Sanz,
Pierre Mazounie, Patrick Vion, Jose Del Castillo and Jean-Marie Rovel, Degremont
17:10-17:35 3.6 A Review of Concentrate Discharge Practices Employed in Large-Scale Seawater
Reverse Osmosis, Tom Pankratz, Water Desalination Report and John B. Tonner Water Consultants International
17:35-18:00 3.7 High Performance MED Plants, Avraham Ophir and Avraham Gendel, IDE
18:30-21:00 CONFERENCE DINNER: Hanukkah Candle Lighting and Award Ceremony honoring
VII
Wednesday 20 December 2006
8:30 Registration Desk Opens
Session 4 Advances in Desalination Technologies (II)
Chair: Raphael Semiat and Véronique Bonnélye
9:30-9:55 4.1 Integrated Hybrid Desalination Systems, Leon Awerbuch, Leading Edge Technologies
9:55-10:20 4.2 A Novel Approach for Seawater Desalination Cost Reduction, Markus Busch, Miriam
Brusilovsky and William E. Mickols, FilmTec Corporation
10:20- 10:45 4.3 A Novel 16-Inch RO System for Water Reuse and Desalination,How Yong Ng, National
University of Singapore and Harvey Winters, Fairleigh Dickinson University.
10:45-11:10 4.4 Environmental Regulations for Discharging Desalination Brine to the Sea and its Possible Impacts, Iris Safrai and Alon Zask, Ministry of the Environmental Protection.
11:10-11:40 COFFEE BREAK
Session 5 R&D Reports
Chair: Fredi Lokiec and Tom Pankratz
11:40-12:05 5.1 Survey of R&D Desalination Projects at Mekorot, Pinhas Glueckstern and Inbal David, Mekorot
12:05-12:30 5.2 Survey of Desalination Research Projects at the Gurion University, Yoram Oren, Ben-Gurion University
12:30-12:55 5.3 Survey of Desalination Research Projects at the Rabin Desalination Laboratory, Raphael Semiat and David Hasson, Technion
12:55-14:30 LUNCH & POSTER SESSION
Session 6 Red-Dead Conveyor Project
Session co-sponsored and jointly organized with the Middle East Desalination Research Center
Chair: Koussai Quteishat and Shimon Tal
GREETINGS
14:30-14:40 6.A Greetings by Representative of Donor Countries, Robert Tansey, Science Attaché, U.S.
Embassy Tel Aviv
14:40-14:50 6.B Greetings message from Vahid Valavian of the World Bank
14:50-15:10 6.COutline of the Red Sea-Dead Sea Hydro Projects,Pinhas Glueckstern, Senior Consultant
PERSPECTIVES OF THE RED SEA-DEAD SEA CONVEYOR PROJECT
15:10-15:30 6.1 Israel Government Perspective, H.E. Benjamin Ben-Eliezer, Minister of National Infrastructures
15:30-15:50 6.2 Jordan Government Perspective, Fayez Bataineh, Assistant Secretary General for Planning and Information Technology, Jordan Valley Authority, MWI
15:50- 16:10 6.3 MEDRC Perspective, Koussai Quteishat, MEDRC Director
VIII
TECHNO – ECONOMIC AND ENVIRONMENTAL PERSPECTIVES
16:40- 17:00 6.4 Technical Challenges during Implementation of the Red Sea-Dead Sea Conveyer Project,
Robert Huehmer, Lisa Henthorne and Jhan Schmitz, CH2M Hill
17:00- 17:20 6.5 Sustainable Development of the Jordan Rift Valley - Environment, Water and Energy, Dan
Hamberg,TAHAL and John P. Velon, MWH
17:20- 17:40 6.6 Seismic Consideration in the Design of a Water Supply System, Dale E. Wah and Mark Wilf, Tetra Tech Inc.
IX
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
The conference was generously supported by the following organizations; their
financial contributions are gratefully acknowledged:
ARKAL FILTRATION SYSTEMS BEL COMPOSITE INDUSTRIES
BEN GURION UNIVERSITY, ZUCKERBERG INSTITUTE FOR WATER RESEARCH CH2M HILL
GES - GLOBAL ENVIRONMENTAL SOLUTIONS IDE TECHNOLOGIES
MEKOROT – ISRAEL NATIONAL WATER CO. MINISTRY FOR FOREIGN AFFAIRS
TAHAL CONSULTING ENGINEERS
TECHNION - ISRAEL INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
THE GRAND WATER RESEARCH INSTITUTE OF THE TECHNION
THE WATER COMMISSION, MINISTRY OF NATIONAL INFRASTRUCTURES Advertisements of sponsors follow the papers
Program Organizing Committee
David Hasson (Chairman) - Rabin Desalination Laboratory, Technion IIT Raphael Semiat (Co-Chairman) – Grand Water Research Institute, Technion IIT
Jack Gilron - Zuckerberg Institute for Water Research, Ben-Gurion University Pinhas Glueckstern – Mekorot Desalination & Special Projects Division
Fredi Lokiec - IDE Technologies Ltd.
Yoram Oren - Zuckerberg Institute for Water Research, Ben-Gurion University Menahem Priel - Mekorot Desalination & Special Projects Division
Conference Organization Personnel
Sara Marco – Conference Secretary, Grand Water Research Institute, Technion IIT
([email protected], Tel. 972-4-829-3351, 972-4-829-2220; Fax: 972-4-822-4246)
Suzy Izsak – Conference Administrator, Chemical Engineering Department, Technion IIT
Raphael Semiat – Grand Water Research Institute, Technion IIT
([email protected], Tel. 972-4-829-2009, 054-5833232; Fax: 972-4-822-4246)
David Hasson – Rabin Desalination Laboratory, Technion IIT
([email protected], Tel. 972-4-829-2936, 050-721-4976; Fax: 972-4-829-5672)
Organizational and editorial work
Raphael Semiat David Hasson and Dmitry LisitsinX
ISRAEL DESALINATION SOCIETY
(R.A.)
Registered Association no. 58-033-752-5
Management Committee: S. Kantor (Chairman), J. Gilron, D. Hasson (Co-ordinator), R. Semiat Account Managers: D. Hasson and R. Semiat
Address: c/o GWRI Rabin Desalination Laboratory Department of Chemical Engineering
Technion-Israel Institute of Technology Haifa 32000, ISRAEL
Telephone: +972 4 8292936, 8292009 Fax: +972 4 8235672 Emails: [email protected] [email protected]
2006 IDS Council Members
U. Arbell (Baran Group)R. Aviram (Ministry of Foreign Affairs) A. Barak (Judea and Samaria College)
N. Berkman (Adan Technical and Economic Services) M. Doron (Ormeca Industrial Supplies)
Y. Driezin (Water Commission) U. Fisher (Ormat Industries)
J. Gilron (Zuckerberg Institute for Water Research, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev) P. Glueckstern (Mekorot Desalting Division)
D. Hasson (Rabin Desalination Lab. GWRI, Technion, Council Coordinator) D. Hamberg (Tahal Consulting Engineers)
D. Hoffman (Adan Technical & EconomicServices) S. Kantor (IDS president, Senior Advisor)
J. Keidar (Ministry of Foreign Affairs) F. Lokiec (IDE Technologies)
Y. Mansdorf (G.E.S (former Tambour Ecology) A. Ophir (IDE Technologies)
Y. Oren (Zuckerberg Institute for Water Research, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev) M. Perry (BPT – Bio-Pure Technology)
M. Priel (Mekorot Desalting Division)
R. Semiat (GWRI Rabin Desalination Laboratory, Technion) Y. Rivlin (Tahal Consulting Engineers)
XI
List of Papers
PageThe World’s Largest SWRO Desalination Plant 15 Months of
Operational Experience, Micha Taub, Adom-IDE 1
Status of Palmachim Desalination Project, Yigal Hanegbi, Via Maris and Yaacov Mansdorf, GES
Status of Mekorot Water Desalination Projects, Menahem Priel, Pinhas Glueckstern, Eli Kotzer, Nissim Nadav, Viorika Izsak and Nurit Perlov, Mekorot
Status of Development of Sea Water Desalination Plants in Israel, Yosef Dreizin, Water Commission
Desalination is a Challenging Water Alternative Source for Jordan, Fayez Bataineh, Assistant Secretary General for Planning and Information Technology, Jordan Valley Authority, MWI
The Wadi Ma’in Zara and Mujib Water Treatment and Conveyance Project, P. Temple Ballard, Infilco Degremont Inc. USA, Véronique Bonnélye, Degremont S.A., France, Miguel Angel Sanz, Degremont Spain, Marc Pétry, Degrémont SA, France
Advances in Membrane Performance, Rich Franks, Mark Wilf and Craig Bartels, Hydranautics
Development and Testing of Large Diameter Spiral Element, Rick Lesan and Antonia von Gottberg
Recent Progress and Development in UF Tertiary Treatment and MBR Technology, Annyse Balkwill and Roy Arviv, ZENON Membrane Solutions, Part of GE’s Water & Process Technologies Business
Advances in RO Pretreatment Techniques, Robert Huehmer and Lisa
Henthorne, CH2M Hill 64
Advances in DAF High Rate Flotation, Véronique Bonnélye, Miguel Angel Sanz, Pierre Mazounie, Patrick Vion, Jose Del Castillo and Jean-Marie Rovel, Degremont
A Review of Concentrate Discharge Practices Employed in Large-Scale Seawater Reverse Osmosis, Tom Pankratz, Water Desalination Report and John B. Tonner Water Consultants International
High Performance MED Plants, Avraham Ophir and Avraham Gendel, IDE
XII
List of Papers
PageA Novel Approach for Seawater Desalination Cost Reduction, Markus Busch, Miriam Brusilovsky and William E. Mickols, FilmTec Corporation
A Novel 16-Inch RO System for Water Reuse and Desalination, How Yong Ng, National University of Singapore and Harvey Winters, Fairleigh Dickinson University.
Environmental Regulations for discharging Desalination Brine to the Sea and its Possible Impacts, Iris Safrai and Alon Zask, Ministry of the Environmental Protection.
Survey of R&D Desalination Projects at Mekorot, Pinhas Glueckstern,
Inbal David and ElenaGelman Mekorot
Survey of Desalination Research Projects at the Ben-Gurion University, Yoram Oren, Ben-Gurion University
Survey of Desalination Research Projects at the Rabin Desalination Laboratory, Raphael Semiat and David Hasson, Technion
Outline of the Red Sea - Dead Sea Hydro Projects, Pinhas Glueckstern,
Senior Consultant 196
Jordan perspective of the Red Sea – Dead Sea Conveyance Project, Fayez Bataineh, Jordan Valley Authority, Minstry of Water and Irrigation
MEDRC Promotion of Project Activities, Koussai Quteishat, MEDRC Director
Technical Challenges during Implementation of the Red Sea - Dead Sea Conveyer Project, Robert Huehmer, Lisa Henthorne and Jhan Schmitz, CH2M Hill
207
Sustainable Development of the Jordan Rift Valley - Environment, Water and Energy, Dan Hamberg,TAHAL and John P. Velon, MWH
XIII
List of Posters
PageSeawater Desalination in Mexico - IMPULSA Project, Gerardo Hiriart Le Bert, Salvador Espíndola Hernández and Hector Beltrán Mora
Secondary Effluents Desalination – IMS Demonstration Plant, M. Priel , P. Glueckstern, E. Gelman, I. David, N. Perlov, B. Keinan
Phosphate Removal from Secondary Wastewaters by Alkaline Fixed Bed Pretreatment, Irena Radu
A Molecular View on the Multi Scale Processes of Scale Formation During the Desalination Process, Matthias Gloede and Thomas Melin Techniques for Increasing Water Recovery in Brackish Water Desalination, Dmitry Lisitsin
216
Increasing MF/UF Reliability in Seawater Desalination Pretreatment
Applications Using Enhanced Prefiltration, Robert Huehmer 217
Water Purification by Advanced Oxidation Processes using Inorganic
Nano Particles,Altai Bach 219
Optimal Performance of an Airlift Immersed Membrane Bioreactor for Domestic Wastewater Reclamation, Fei Yang, Amos Bick, Semion
Shandalovand Gideon Oron
220
Treated Wastewater Desalination using Reverse Osmosis, Eyal Sahar,
Rami Guetta, Raphael Semiat and Dan Zaslavsky 221
Investigation of Scale Inhibition on RO Membranes by Trace Amounts
of Zinc Ions,Sarit Rachamim 223
Low Cost Vacuum Based Water Distillation, Daniel Raviv, Eiki
Martinson and Brandon Moore 224
Water Hardness Removal by Electrochemical Precipitation, Yossi
Pinhas 225
Characterization of Micellar Systems for Removal by MEUF of Refractory Organic from Contaminated Groundwater, M. Kriburet, Y. Oren, O. Regev, Y. Talmon, and J. Gilron
226
Detection of Fouling on Reverse Osmosis Modules by
Residence Time Distribution Analyses, Chagai Komlos 228