PeriodicTableSect2.ppt

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6.2

Classifying the Elements

A coin may contain much

information in a small space— its value, the year it was

minted, and its country of origin. Each square in a

periodic table also contains information. You will learn

what types of information are usually listed in a periodic

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Classifying the Elements >

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6.2 Squares in the Periodic Table

Squares in the Periodic Table

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Classifying the Elements > Squares in the Periodic Table

The periodic table displays the symbols and names of the

elements, along with information about the structure of their atoms.

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The background colors in the squares are used to distinguish groups of elements.

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The Group 1A elements are called alkali

metals.

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The Group 2A elements are called alkaline

earth metals.

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The nonmetals of Group 7A are called

halogens.

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Classifying the Elements >

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Electron Configurations in Groups

Electron Configurations in Groups

How can elements be classified based on their electron configurations?

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Classifying the Elements > Electron Configurations in Groups

Elements can be sorted into noble gases, representative elements,

transition metals, or inner

transition metals based on their electron configurations.

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The blimp

contains helium, one of the noble gases.

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The Noble Gases

The noble gases are the elements in Group

8A of the periodic table. The electron

configurations for the first four noble gases in Group 8A are listed below.

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The Representative Elements

Elements in groups 1A through 7A are often referred to as representative elements

because they display a wide range of physical and chemical properties.

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The s and p sublevels of the highest occupied energy level are not filled.

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The group number equals the number of

electrons in the highest occupied energy level.

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In atoms of the Group 1A elements below, there is only one electron in the highest

occupied energy level.

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In atoms of the Group 4A elements below, there are four electrons in the highest

occupied energy level.

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Classifying the Elements > Representative Elements

Representative Elements

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Classifying the Elements > Transition Elements

Transition Elements

There are two types of transition elements— transition metals and inner transition metals. They are classified based on their electron configurations.

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In atoms of a transition metal, the highest

occupied s sublevel and a nearby d sublevel

contain electrons.

In atoms of an inner transition metal, the

highest occupied s sublevel and a nearby f

sublevel generally contain electrons.

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Blocks of Elements

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Section Quiz

-or-Continue to: Launch:

Assess students’ understanding of the concepts in Section

Section Assessment

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6.2 Section Quiz

1. Which of the following information about

elements is usually NOT included in a periodic table?

a. color

b. symbol

c. atomic number

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2. An alkali metal would have in the highest occupied energy level

a. an s2 electron.

b. an s1 electron.

c. p2 electrons.

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3. Which one of the following is incorrectly labeled?

a. Ne, noble gas

b. Cu, transition metal

c. Ga, transition metal

d. Cl, halogen

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4. Transition metals are characterized as being

different than representative elements because they have electrons in which suborbitals?

a. p

b. d

c. s

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