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University of Athens

http://www.cnl.di.uoa.gr

Communication Networks Laboratory

AAA, B

ILLING,

C

HARGING

in a Multi-Operator /

Multi-Service Provider

Environment

(2)

Involved Players in Service Provision

Content/Service

Provider

User/Subscriber

Application

domain

Internet Access

domain

Network

domain

User

domain

Fixed Operator

Mobile Operator

Internet Service

Provider

Service

Aggregator

(3)

!

Current (2G) business model is inflexible and leads to multiple

separate bills

"

From the Mobile Operator

"

From the Internet Service Provider

"

From the Content/Service Provider

!

Probable (3G) business models

"

Network Operator centric model

"

Service Aggregator centric model

"

Content/Service Provider centric model

are more flexible, support one-Stop Billing but arise a number of requirements,

such as:

• Standard format and attributes of charging records

• Standard protocols for the transmission of charging information

• Automatic apportioning of revenues between contributing players

• Open interfaces for dynamic provision of charging information

• Open interfaces for dynamic introduction of new pricing models

(4)

Requirements imposed by the involved players

Users/subcribers’ perspective:

!

Transparent Charges (subscribers would like to receive a single itemised bill for using

voice and data services offered by network operators and independent application/service

providers, “One-stop Billing”)

!

Predictable Charges (subscribers require the application of understandable Charging

Models, and to be constantly aware of the charges to be levied through the “Charging

Indication”)

Operators’ perspective:

!

Generic Charging Architecture enabling various charging models (flat-rate, volume-, time-,

QoS-based)

!

Layer based charging (transport, service and content)

!

Auditability (the charging system should be able, when requested, to prove the validity of

the calculated charges by tracing the origin)

!

Support of both pre-paid and post-paid charging mechanisms

Internet access and content/service providers’ perspective:

!

Flexible Models enabling Dynamic application of new pricing policy

!

Automatic procedure for the sharing of the incoming revenue

(5)

Charging

Function

Billing

Function

Accounting

Function

USER

CAB System

MD

Network

Operator

CCF

CGF

Reconf/tion

Function

VASP

(6)

Definition of basic terms

!

CHARGING

The Charging function collects information related to a chargeable event from specific

network nodes, which are able to generate such kind of information. As a chargeable

event can be considered any activity utilising network resources and related services

that the operator charges for. The charging information generated by network nodes is

structured in the form of Charging Data Record (CDR) and transferred via standards

charging protocols.

!

BILLING

The Billing function processes the records coming from the charging functional entity

according to the respective tariffs (stored in the HSS or inside the Billing System) in

order to calculate the charge for which the user should be billed. This function is

performed by a Billing System that transforms charging records into bills requiring

payment.

!

ACCOUNTING

In case of roaming the Accounting function is responsible to calculate the portion that

is due to each operator. Additionally, it is reasponsible for sharing the incoming

(7)

User CAB service 1..* 1..* Mobile operator 1..* 1..* 1..* 1..* VASP 0..* 0..* 1..* 1..* 0..* 0..* 0..* 0..* 1..* 1..* 0..* 0..* 1..* 1..* 1..* 1..* 1..* 1..*

(8)

A

flexible

Framework

for

Reconfigurable

Service

Provision

Reconfiguration

Manager

Location Manager

Reconfiguration Control/

Service Provision Platform

Open

APIs

Charging

Accounting and

Billing Module

MT

3G Core

Network

IP Network

UTRAN

GERAN

WLAN

Network infrastructure

Laptop

VASP

Technology independent open interfaces

API extensions for policy-based

reconfiguration

OSA, Parlay, JAIN APIs

HSS

LCS

Messaging

...

MDs

QoS

Charging

...

RCSPM

VASP

VASP

VASP

User Profiling

Service Discovery

Service Deployment

Service Data

Management

VASP

(9)

An

integrated

Charging,

Billing

&

Accounting

Framework

U

S

E

R

Configuration

Messages

Charging

Information

Bill

OSA-like

Interface

Open Network

Service for

Reconfigurability

CAB Gateway

CAB Service

Open

Network

Services

Open

Network

Services

OSA-like

Interface

Pricing

Policies

Open

APIs

Service

Providers

Domain

Open

APIs

Open

APIs

Function

VAS

VAS

Open

Network

Services

Open

Network

Services

Manager Reconfiguration Charging

Function Service ManagerAdvanced

Function MD

VAS

AAA

VAS

MD AAA Manager Roaming Users Billing Accounting Packet-Switched Core network WLAN UTRAN CGF SGSN GGSN I-CSCF

HSS

Internet Multimedia Subsystem AS GGSN SGSN S-CSCF BGCF MGCF MRFC P-CSCF CCF

LCS

Metering Device MD Reconfiguration Manager Metering Device Access networks AP AP GIF AP AP IWU NODE B RNC NODE B WLAN AAA FA

(10)

PS

CS

IMS

Service

Domain

HSS

VASP

SGSN

GGSN

MSC

GMSC

MMS

Relay/

Server

S-CSCF P-CSCF I-CSCF BGCF MRFC AS

MD

AAA

Server

{

{

{

{

CGF

CCF

SCCF

CPCF

MDC

MD

C

H

A

R

G

I

N

G

G

A

T

E

W

A

Y

Event

Charging

Function

Bearer

Charging

Function

Session

Charging

Function

{

{

LCS

Charging Functional Model

AAA

Server

WLAN

(11)

IpInterfac e (from csapi) IpAppChargingSession creditAmountErr() creditAmountRes() creditUnitErr() creditUnitRes() debitAmountErr() debitAmountRes() debitUnitErr() debitUnitRes() directCreditAmountErr() directCreditAmountR... directCreditUnitErr() directCreditUnitRes() directDebitAmountErr() directDebitAmountRe... directDebitUnitErr() directDebitUnitRes() extendLifeTimeErr() extendLifeTimeRes() rateErr() rateRes() reserveAmountErr() reserveAmountRes() reserveUnitErr() reserveUnitRes() sessionEnded() (from cs) IpChargingSession creditAmountReq() creditUnitReq() debitAmountReq() debitUnitReq() directCreditAmountR... directCreditUnitReq() directDebitAmountRe... directDebitUnitReq() extendLifeTimeReq() getAmountLeft() getLifeTimeLeft() getUnitLeft() rateReq() release() reserveAmountReq() reserveUnitReq() (from cs) IpChargingManager createChargingSession() (from cs) <<uses>> IpAppChargingManager sessionAborted() (from cs) <<uses>> 1 0..n 1 0..n createSplitChargingSession()

(12)

IpAppMDReconfigurationSession <<uses>> IpMDReconfigurationManager createReconfigurationSession() 1 0..n 1 IpAppMDReconfigurationManager sessionAborted() 1 0..n <<uses>> IpInterface (from csapi) (from cs) (from cs) (from cs) IpMDReconfigurationSession monitorFlowReq() cancelFlowMonitoring() modifyFlowMonitoringReq() directCollectMeteringDataReq() applyMeteringPolicyReq directApplyMeteringPolicyReq() cancelMeteringPolicy() (from cs) monitorFlowErr() monitorFlowRes() cancelFlowMonitoringAck() applyMeteringPolicyErr() applyMeteringPolicyRes() directApplyMeteringPolicyErr() directApplyMeteringPolicyRes() modifyFlowMonitoringErr() modifyFlowMonitoringRes() directCollectMeteringDataErr() directCollectMeteringDataRes() cancelMeteringPolicyAck() release() sessionEnded()

(13)

IpAppAdvancedChargingServiceSession currentRevenueErr() currentRevenueRes() directCollectFlowInfoErr() directCollectFlowInfoRes() applyPricingPolicyErr() applyPricingPolicyRes() directApplyPricingPolicyErr() directApplyPricingPolicyRes() IpAdvancedChargingServiceSession currentRevenueReq() directCollectFlowInfoReq() applyPricingPolicyReq directApplyPricingPolicyReq() <<uses>> cancelPricingPolicyAck() cancelPricingPolicy() IpAdvancedChargingServiceManager createAdvancedServiceSession() activateLocationBasedChargingReq() cancelLocationBasedCharging() 1 0..n 1 IpAppAdvancedChargingServiceManager sessionAborted() 1 0..n <<uses>> activateLocationBasedChargingErr() activateLocationBasedChargingRes() cancelLocationBasedChargingAck() IpInterface (from csapi) (from cs) (from cs) (from cs) (from cs) addChargingRecordReq() addChargingRecordErr() addChargingRecordRes() release() sessionEnded()

(14)

Advantages of the introduced platform

1.

It enables the sophisticated and reconfigurable support of charging, accounting and

billing procedures as a discrete service.

2.

It sets a common charging, accounting and billing platform in a multi-operator,

multi-service provider environment.

3.

It enables the automatic apportioning of revenues among the involved players.

4.

It supports one-stop billing for the end users.

5.

It enables the separation of charging events based on transport, service and content

usage information.

6.

It provides a set of open Application Programming Interfaces (APIs) for the support of

charging related reconfiguration actions (e.g., pricing policies updates).

7.

It enables the deployment of advanced charging services (on-line charging indication,

current balance of user billing, on-line provision of information concerning the service

profits) offered through open APIs.

8.

It takes advantage of existing network components and their functionality (e.g., CGF,

CCF).

(15)

Thank you

for more info please contact:

References

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