Sap2000 Beam

SAP2000 Tutorial Example

Analysis and Design of Continuous RC Beam

(US Units)

ACECOMS, AIT

Tel, Fax: 662-524-5539 ext 105 Email: [email protected]

Table of Content

1. Start modeling by template ... 3

2. Define Material Properties... 3

3. Frame Section Properties... 3

4. Define Load Cases ... 3

5. Define Load Combinations ... 3

6. Assign Section Properties and Restraints ... 3

7. Assign Loads ... 3

8. Analyzing the building ... 3

9. View Analysis Results ... 3

Objective

To demonstrate and practice step-by-step on the modeling , static analysis and design of Continuous beams using ACI 318-99

Problem

Carryout the modeling, analysis and design for continuous beams as shown be-low

Material

E = 3120 ksi

fc’ = 4 ksi

fy = 60 ksi

fys = 35 ksi (stirrups)

Poissons Ratio = 0.2

Concrete cover to longitudinal rebar center = 3 in

20"

30"

_{Beam Section}

5' 15' 5' 10' 15'

25' 25'

w(DL) = 2.2 klf Exclude beam weight

P(LL) = 15 kip w(LL) = 1.6 klf

Step-by-Step Solution

1. Start modeling by template

Step 1-1: Start up screen of SAP2000, select the working unit “Kip-ft” from

drop-down menu on the bottom-right of screen then select “File” + “New model from Template” to start new model.

Step 1-2: Select beam template button, enter “Number of Spans” (2) and “Span

Step 1-3: Back to main screen, showing structure in “3D view” (left window) and

“X-Z Plane” view (right window) with restrains and grid lines that have been assigned automatically.

2. Define Material Properties

Step 2-1: Change the working unit from “Kip-ft” to “Kip-in” from drop-down menu on

Step 2-2: From main menu, select “Define” + “Material”, “Define Materials” editor

shows 3 default materials, select “4000psi” and click “Modify/Show Material”.

Step 2-3: Enter material properties for Concrete, for this example, accept default

3. Frame Section Properties

Step 3-1: Go to “Define” + “Section Properties”+ “Frame Sections”. In “Define

Frame Sections” window shows “FSEC1” as default section that has been assigned to all frame elements, click “Add new property”

Step 3-2: Select “Concrete” from dropdown box and click on “Rectangular” to add

Step 3-3: Enter “Depth” (30”), enter “Width” (20”), change “Material” from “STEEL”

to “CONC” and click “Reinforcement” button.

Step 3-4: In “Reinforcement Data”, select “Beam” from “Element Class”, specify

“Concrete Cover to Rebar Center” for “Top” (3”) and “Bottom” (3”).

4. Define Load Cases

Step 4-1: From main menu select “Define” + “Load Pattern”. Enter “DL” into “Load

Pattern Name” edit box and click “Modify Load Pattern” button. Enter “LL” into “Load Pattern Name” edit box select “LIVE” from Type, change “Self Weight Multi-plier” to 0 and click “Add New Load Pattern”

5. Define Load Combinations

Step 5-1: To define load combinations, go to "Define" + "Load Combinations" and

press on "Add New Combo"

Step 5-2: Enter "COMB1" in "Load Combination Name", select “Linear Add" from

"Load Combination Type", select "DEAD” from Load Case Name", enter 1.4 in "Scale Factor" and click "Add".

Step 5-3: Repeat similar steps as Step 5-1 and 5-2 to define "COMB2" Load

Combination for 1.4DL+1.7LL

6. Assign Section Properties and Restraints

Step 6-1: Section properties and restrains have been assigned automatically by

starting model from Template. Both of them can be displayed by clicking "Set Dis-play Options” button or go to "View" + "Set DisDis-play Options" from main screen and selecting "Section" from "Frames" and "Restraints" from "Joints".

Step 6-2: Select the frames using select button

Step 6-3: From the main menu select “Assign” + “Section Properties” + “Frame

Sections”, and select the FSEC2 and click “OK”

Step 6-4: To assign Number of output along each element, select all beams by

clicking “Select All” button, go to “Assign” + “Frame” + “Output Stations” and enter 4 into “Min Number Stations”.

7. Assign Loads

Step 7-1: back to main screen, close “3D View” window and maximize “X-Z Plane”

window. Change working unit to “Kip-ft” and select all beams by windowing or clicking “Select All” button. All number of selected objects will be reported in the bottom-left of screen.

Step7-4: Select “LL” from “Load Case Name” and “Global Z” from “Direction”.

Se-lect “Absolute Distance End-I” and enter similar values in “Trapezoidal Loads” box as show in above figure

Step 7-6: Select "LL" from "Load Case Name" and "Global Z" from "Direction",

select "Absolute Distance End-I" and enter 10 in "Distance" box 2 and -15 in "Load" box 2.

8. Analyzing the building

Step 8-1: To set analysis option, select "Analyze" + "Set Options", select “XZ

Step 8-1: Click Run Now to run the analysis

9. View Analysis Results

View displacements

Step 9-1: Displacements can be display from “Display” + “Show Deformed

Shape”, enter “Scale Factor” or select “Auto” and select “Options” • “Wire Shadow” to display undeformed shape line

Step 9-2: Deformed shape animation can be activated by clicking “Start

Anima-tion”. Speed of animation can be customized during animation by sliding/adjusting at the bottom right corner.

Step 9-3: Animation can be exported in AVI format file from “File” + “Create

Viewing Member Forces

Step 9-4: To display Axial forces, Shear, Moment or Torsion, go to “Display” +

“Show Element Forces/Stresses” + “Frames” and select “Load”, “Component”, “Scaling” and “Fill Diagram” or “Show Values on Diagram”

Step 9-5: Member forces diagram can be shown for a particular element by right

Viewing Reactions

Step 9-6: To display Reactions, go to “Display” + “Show Element

Forces/Stresses” + “Joints” or click “Joint Reaction Forces” button and select “Load” and “Reaction” from “Type”

Step 9-7: Joint Forces can be shown for a particular joint by right mouse click over

10. Design Structure

Step 10-1: Select "Design” + “Concrete Frame Design” + “View/Revise

Refer-ence” and specify desired design parameters.

Step 10-2: Select "Design” + “Concrete Frame Design” + “Select Design Combos”

Step 10-3: Start design by selecting "Design” + “Concrete Frame Design” + “Start

Design/Check of Structures”

Step 10-5: Concrete Design Information contains all design outputs in each load

cases and load combination can be displayed by right mouse click over the ele-ment.

Step 10-6: Summary and Detail Design can be shown by clicking “Summary”,